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    DSG: Tanvi Bhargava
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    This document classifies and describes the main types of soil found in India. It discusses alluvial soil, black cotton soil, laterite soil, red and yellow soil, arid or desert soil, and mountainous or forest soil. Alluvial soil covers around 40% of India and is found in river valleys and plains. Black cotton soil covers around 15% of India and is found mainly in the Deccan Plateau. Laterite soil develops in areas with seasonal monsoon rainfall and accounts for around 3.7% of India's land.

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    S.St. Ppt HHW

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    This document classifies and describes the main types of soil found in India. It discusses alluvial soil, black cotton soil, laterite soil, red and yellow soil, arid or desert soil, and mountainous or forest soil. Alluvial soil covers around 40% of India and is found in river valleys and plains. Black cotton soil covers around 15% of India and is found mainly in the Deccan Plateau. Laterite soil develops in areas with seasonal monsoon rainfall and accounts for around 3.7% of India's land.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
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    27 views10 pages

    S.St. PPT HHW

    Uploaded by

    DSG: Tanvi Bhargava
    This document classifies and describes the main types of soil found in India. It discusses alluvial soil, black cotton soil, laterite soil, red and yellow soil, arid or desert soil, and mountainous or forest soil. Alluvial soil covers around 40% of India and is found in river valleys and plains. Black cotton soil covers around 15% of India and is found mainly in the Deccan Plateau. Laterite soil develops in areas with seasonal monsoon rainfall and accounts for around 3.7% of India's land.

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    of 10

    Classification

    of Soil
    By Harshita Trivedi X-D
    What are
    soil?
    The loose material or the upper layer of the mantle rock (regolith – a

    layer of loose, heterogeneous material covering solid rock) consisting

    mainly of very small particles and humus which can support the

    growth of plants is known as “soil”.


    Classifications
    1. Alluvial Soil
    2. Black Cotton Soil
    3. Red & Yellow Soil
    4. Laterite Soil
    5. Mountainous or Forest Soil
    6. Arid or Desert Soil
    Alluvial Soil

    Alluvial soils are widespread in the northern

    plains and river valleys.


    It covers about 40% of the total land area of

    the country.
    These soils are mainly derived from the

    debris brought down from the Himalayas.


    In the Peninsular region, they are found in

    deltas of the east coast and in the river

    valleys.
    Black Soil
    Black soil is also known as “Regur Soil” or the “Black

    Cotton Soil”.
    It covers about 15% of the total land area of the country.
    It covers most of the Deccan Plateau – parts of

    Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat, Andhra

    Pradesh and some parts of Tamil Nadu. In the upper

    reaches of the Godavari and Krishna, and the north-

    western part of Deccan Plateau, the black soil is very

    deep.
    Laterite Soil
    The name has been derived from the Latin word

    “later” which means brick.


    It accounts for about 3.7% of the total area of the

    country.
    These are typical soils of the monsoon climate

    which is characterised by seasonal rainfall. With

    rain, lime and silica are leached away, and soil

    rich in iron oxide and aluminium are left leading

    to the formation of laterite soil.


    Red and Yellow Soil
    1. This type of soil develops on crystalline

    igneous rocks in areas of low rainfall in the

    eastern and southern parts of the Deccan

    plateau.
    2. These soils develop a reddish colour due to

    diffusion of iron in crystalline and

    metamorphic rocks. It looks yellow when it

    occurs in a hydrated form.


    3. Found in parts of Odisha, Chhattisgarh,

    southern parts of the middle Ganga plain

    and along the piedmont zone of the

    Western Ghats.
    Arid Soils
    1. Arid soils range from red to brown in

    colour.
    2. This soil is generally sandy in texture and

    saline in nature. In some areas, the salt

    content is very high and common salt is

    obtained by evaporating the water.


    3. Arid soil lacks humus and moisture.
    Forest Soils
    These soils are found in the hilly and

    mountainous areas.
    The soil texture is loamy and silty in valley

    sides and coarse grained in the upper slopes.


    In the snow covered areas of Himalayas, these

    soils experience denudation and are acidic

    with low humus content. The soil is fertile on

    the river terraces and alluvial fans.


    Thank You!
    See you later environmentalists!!

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