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    Physics Project

    Uploaded by

    Raghhav Malani
    The document describes an experiment to study the properties of a light dependent resistor (LDR). The aim is to demonstrate how the resistance of an LDR changes with light intensity and distance from the light source. The document explains that an LDR's resistance decreases when light falls on it, due to electrons moving between bands and increasing conductivity. It provides details of the experimental setup, procedure, and applications of LDRs in devices like smoke detectors, light meters, and automatic lighting controls.

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    Physics Project

    Uploaded by

    Raghhav Malani
    25 views8 pages
    The document describes an experiment to study the properties of a light dependent resistor (LDR). The aim is to demonstrate how the resistance of an LDR changes with light intensity and distance from the light source. The document explains that an LDR's resistance decreases when light falls on it, due to electrons moving between bands and increasing conductivity. It provides details of the experimental setup, procedure, and applications of LDRs in devices like smoke detectors, light meters, and automatic lighting controls.

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    The document describes an experiment to study the properties of a light dependent resistor (LDR). The aim is to demonstrate how the resistance of an LDR changes with light intensity and distance from the light source. The document explains that an LDR's resistance decreases when light falls on it, due to electrons moving between bands and increasing conductivity. It provides details of the experimental setup, procedure, and applications of LDRs in devices like smoke detectors, light meters, and automatic lighting controls.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    25 views8 pages

    Physics Project

    Uploaded by

    Raghhav Malani
    The document describes an experiment to study the properties of a light dependent resistor (LDR). The aim is to demonstrate how the resistance of an LDR changes with light intensity and distance from the light source. The document explains that an LDR's resistance decreases when light falls on it, due to electrons moving between bands and increasing conductivity. It provides details of the experimental setup, procedure, and applications of LDRs in devices like smoke detectors, light meters, and automatic lighting controls.

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    You are on page 1of 8

    LIGHT DEPENDENT

    RESISTOR

    Rahul Bhat Yogesh


    12A Roll no.34
    INDEX
    AIM/OBJECTIVE

    The aim of the project is to demonstrate the underlying principles


    of electrical conduction under the influence of light.

    The objective is to study the effects of intensity of light and


    varying distance of source on LDR
    INTRODUCTION

    An LDR or light dependent resistor is also known as photo


    resistor, photocell, photoconductor. It is a one type of resistor
    whose resistance varies depending on the amount of light falling
    on its surface. When the light falls on the resistor, then the
    resistance changes. These resistors are often used in many
    circuits where it is required to sense the presence of light. These
    resistors have a variety of functions and resistance.

    These resistors use pure semiconductors like silicon or


    germanium. When the light falls on the LDR, then the electrons
    get excited by the incident photons and move from the valence
    band to the conduction band and therefore the number of charge
    carriers increases. In other
    words, the conductivity goes up.

    The most frequent classification of LDR is linear and nonlinear.

    ● Linear LDR: These types of LDRs are called photodiodes


    but it is used as photoresistors in some applications due to
    the linear performance during operation.
    ● Nonlinear LDR: the nonlinear LDRs are mostly used but
    their behavior does not depend on the polarity through
    which it unites.
    WORKING PRINCIPLE

    They work on the principle of photoconductivity, which is


    nothing but an optical phenomenon. That is, when the light is
    absorbed by the material then the conductivity of the material
    enhances.

    When the light falls on the LDR, then the electrons in the valence
    band of the material are severe to the conduction band. However,
    the photons in the incident light mush have superior energy to
    the bandgap of the material to make the electrons jump from one
    band to another band (valence to conduction).

    When light having is ample energy, more electrons are excited to


    the conduction band which grades in a large number of charge
    carriers. If the effect of this process and the flow of the current
    starts flowing more, the resistance of the device decreases.
    APPARATUS REQUIRED
    1. Light source
    2. LDR
    3. Digital Multimeter
    4. Meter scale
    5. Filament lamp.

    PROCEDURE
    1. Fix the light source on the stand

    2. Connect the LDR to the multimeter

    3. Place the set up of LDR on a meter scale

    4. Take 5 readings for different distances

    5. Note down the observations and plot the graph for resistance
    vs 1/d^2
    APPLICATIONS

    There are some applications of LDR which are given below.

    ● The LDR is used in the infrared astronomy.


    ● The LDR is used in light failure alarm circuits and used in
    light meter.
    ● The LDR used in smoke detectors.
    ● It is used for automatic contrast and brightness control in
    television receivers.
    ● It is used in photosensitive relay
    ● It is used in optical coding.
    ● It is used in street light control circuits.
    ● It is used in camera light meters.
    ● It is used in the security alarm.
    ● It is used as a proximity switch.
    ● It is used in light activated control circuits.
    CONCLUSION
    1. The intensity of light is inversely proportional to the square
    of distance
    2. As the intensity of light decreases, the resistance of LDR
    increases

    PRECAUTIONS
    1. The light from outside should not fall on ldr

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