FE Assignment

FUNCTIONA
L
ENGLISH
Assignment#02
Tense
Tense is an English grammar concept. It represents the form taken by the verb to comprehend the
situation referred to in time. Tenses just like time are divided into 3 parts-
 Past tense - I swam
 Present Tense - I swim
 Future Tense - I will swim
Types of Tenses
 Present Tense
 Simple Present Tense:: It is used to express daily tasks, facts, and universal
truths. The present tense is used to express what is happening or happens daily or
is a fact in itself. Adding the letter s or es makes a simple present tense.
Example:
Islamabad is the capital city of Pakistan. (Affirmative)
Islamabad is the capital city of Pakistan. (Negative)
Islamabad is the capital city of Pakistan. (Question)
Do you eat breakfast every morning? (Question)

The Sun rises in the East. (Affirmative)
The Sun doesn’t rise in the West. (Negative)
 Present Perfect Tense: The present perfect tense is used to describe actions that
are completed.
Example:
I have seen the movie you love the most. (Affirmative)
I have not seen the movie you love the most. (Negative)
Have I seen the movie you love the most? (Question)
He has been to India. (Affirmative)

He has not been to India. (Negative)
Has he been to India? (Question)
 Present Continuous Tense:. It describes something that is happening in the

present moment and also for expressing future arrangements.
Example-
John is sleeping at the moment. (Affirmative)
John is not sleeping at the moment. (Negative)
Is John sleeping at the moment? (Question)
The managers are working on the new project. (Affirmative)

Are you still reading that book? (Negative)
I am not living in New York anymore. (Question)
 Present Perfect Continuous Tense: We use the present perfect continuous when
the focus is on an action that is not yet finished or completed.
Example-
I have been waiting for the car for an hour. (Affirmative)
I have not been waiting for the car for an hour. (Negative)
Have I been waiting for the car for an hour? (Question)
It has not been raining since last Friday. (Affirmative)

I have been waiting for the car for an hour. (Negative)
Have I been waiting for the car for an hour?(Question)
 Past Tense
 Simple Past Tense: Used to indicate an action that happened in the past.
Example-
I went to school. (Affirmative)
You did not worked very hard in exams. (Negative)
She did not prepare exams? (Question)
Were you in the military? (Question)
He was not serious. (Negative)
I was their accountant at the time. (Affirmative)
 Past Continuous Tense: We use it to express what we were in the middle of

doing at a particular moment in the past.
Example-
I was cooking last night for my sister’s children. (Affirmative)
I was not cooking last night for my sister’s children. (Negative)
Was I cooking last night for my sister’s children? (Question)
They were playing scrabble when I checked on them. (Affirmative)

They were not playing scrabble when I checked on them. (Negative)
Were they not playing scrabble when I checked on them? (Question)
 Past Perfect Tense: The past perfect tense is easy to understand and to use in a
sentence. This tense talks about an event which happened in the past. If two
actions happened in the past, the past perfect tense is used to display the action
that took place earlier.
Example:
We were too late when the movie started. (Affirmative)
We were too late when the movie started. (Negative)
Were we too late when the movie started? (Question)
I thought I had seen the movie before but I was wrong. (Affirmative)
I didn't say anything until she had finished talking. (Negative)
Did I say anything? (Question)
 Past Perfect Continuous Tense: Used to denote an event that started before a
certain point in the past and continued up to some time in the past.
Example:
Iqra was very tired. She had been dancing. (Affirmative)
Had the student been roaming outside the classroom? (Question)
Iqra was very tired. She had not been dancing. (Negative)
How long had you been standing there before they let you in? (Question)
We hadn’t been talking for very long before she had to leave. (Negative)
She had been working till last night. (Affirmative)
 Future Tense
 Simple Future Tense: The period of time after speaking a sentence is considered
future tense.
Example-
Ahmed will ask the questions tomorrow. (Affirmative)
Ahmed will not ask the questions tomorrow. (Negative)
Will Ahmed ask the questions tomorrow? (Question)
They will speak about this. (Affirmative)

They will not speak about this. (Negative)
Will they never speak about this? (Question)
 Future Continuous Tense: It is used to express an action that is going or

continuing in the future. for example-
I will be playing football on the ground tomorrow. (Affirmative)
I will not be playing football on the ground tomorrow. (Negative)
Will I be playing football on the ground tomorrow? (Question)
She will be writing a letter. (Affirmative)

She will not be writing a letter. (Negative)
Will she be writing a letter? (Question)
 Future Perfect Tense: It is used to express an action that will happen/occur in

future and will be completed by a certain time in future. We use the future perfect
to say that something will be finished by a particular time in the future.
Example:
She will have forgotten him by then. (Affirmative)
She will not have forgotten by him. (Negative)
How long will you have worked there before your maternity leave begins? (Question)
She will have written a letter. (Affirmative)

She will not have written a letter. (Negative)
Will she not have written a letter? (Question)
 Future Perfect Continuous Tense: It is used to talk about actions that will start
at a fixed point of time in the future and will go on for some time in the
future. The future perfect continuous focus on the duration of an activity that will
be in progress before another time or event in the future.
Example:
Tomorrow at 4 pm, I will be on my way to Kolkata. (Affirmative)
Tomorrow at 4 pm, I will not be on my way to Kolkata. (Negative)
Will I be on my way to Kolkata? (Question)
Relatives will be staying at Aunt Mina’s house. (Affirmative)

Relatives will not be staying at Aunt Mina’s house. (Negative)
Will Relatives be staying at Aunt Mina’s house? (Question)
THE END

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FUNCTIONA

Do you eat breakfast every morning? (Question)

He has been to India. (Affirmative)

 Present Continuous Tense:. It describes something that is happening in the

The managers are working on the new project. (Affirmative)

It has not been raining since last Friday. (Affirmative)

 Past Continuous Tense: We use it to express what we were in the middle of

They were playing scrabble when I checked on them. (Affirmative)

They will speak about this. (Affirmative)

 Future Continuous Tense: It is used to express an action that is going or

She will be writing a letter. (Affirmative)

 Future Perfect Tense: It is used to express an action that will happen/occur in

She will have written a letter. (Affirmative)

Relatives will be staying at Aunt Mina’s house. (Affirmative)

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