GioachinoGrecoontheGameofChess 10868431

GIOA C HIN O GRE C O
ON TH E
GA M E OF C H E S S
TRA N S LATED FRO M THE FRE N C H .
TO W H IC H A R I A DD B D,
fla mm us l u na r“ O dtit a l an!) E xplan

, a tory .
W I L L IA M L E W S, I
A U T HO R A N D E DIT O R O? S E V E R A L W O R K S 0 " 03 5 35
L ON D ON
P ri s t ol f or t he E l d er. a nd S ol d by
LO N GM A N , B U RS T , RE E S , O R M E , A N D BROW N .
r nm ‘
os rx nno w-
.
1 8 19 .
m s RIGHT HON OURA BL E
LORD H EN RY S EY M OUR .
M Y L O R D,
A L LOW m e t o expres s m
y t hanks for
y o ur L o rds hip s
’
co ndescens i o n i nperm itt ing m e
,
to l t h res ent w o rk nder t he pro t ect io n

p a ce e
p u
o f a C hess Pla yer so e m inent ly s killed in t he
m Lo rds hip
Mj
ga e as y ou r .
y o b ect ha s beent o facili ta t e t he know
ledge of t hi s celeb ra t ed ga m e, a nd to increa s e
t he nu m ber of it s a dm irers and go od pla yers

i f I s ho u ld be tflo u ht , b
g y y o u r L o rds hi ,
p to
ha ve su cceede d inm y effo rt, I sha ll be am l

py
Ih a ve t he hono r t o b e,
my L o rd,
L o rdship hu m b le,
’
y o ur s m os t
a nd m o s t o b edie nt S ervant,
W LEWIS
. .
S treet, Soho,
M
New
a ch, 1 8 19.
P RE F A C E .
G B B c o ha s b een j u s t ly c el eb ra t ed a s a first ra te -
l a er, a n d h i i ns ide re d b o d u d es a s
p y s w o rk s c o y g o
j g
e x hib iti n
g g re a t s kil l an d i ng en u it y , a nd ab o u ndi ng
w i th b rill ia nt a n d ins t ru c ti ve s it u a t io ns It ha s b e en
I
.
fo r s o m e y ea rs ra the r s c a rc e ; ha ve, t he re fo re, t ho u ght

i t w o u ld b e renderi ng no u na c c e pta b l e s e rvic e t o the
a m a t eu rs o f C he s s , t o pu b li s h a tra ns l a t io n o f i t w ith
s u ch i m pro ve m e nts as Iw as ca
p a b l e ng, a nd
o f m a ki
w hi c h t he wo rk s ee m ed to m e to re
q i
u re .
W it h thi s vi e w Ih a ve e x a mine d a ll the ga m e s very

a tt enti vely , a nd w here it ha s a
pp ea re d t o m e t ha t e i the r
ar t
p y p y l a s in a c cu ra t e ly, I ha ve s u
gge s t e d o t he r m ov s
e
inno t es a t the b o t t o m o f t he pa ge T hes e no t es w il l
.
b e fo u nd very nu m ero u s , a nd I
ho pe m a y pro ve o f
s e rv ic e , n o t on ly t o b egin ners , b u t event o t ho s e w ho
a re m ode ra t el y s ki lled i nt he ga m e .
It do e s no t o ft en ha pp en t ha t Grec o s m etho d o f
’
at ta c kin g c a n b e m u c h im
pr o ve d, fo r in t ha t
pa rt o f
the ga m e he is e m in en t ly s kil fu l, b u t t he l ike p ra is e
can no t b e givento hi s s y s tem o f defenc e ; it m u s t, in

deed, b e evi dent t ha t a s m o s t o f his ga m e s a re w o nb y
b
b rillia nt m o ve s
,
t he de fe nce i s ne c es s a ri ly im perfec t .
T his is , ho w e ver, no t t he o nly fa u l t i nhis w o rk ; inm a ny

of his ga m e s t he a t t a c k is fo u nded o nb a d pl a y , the pa rt y
w ho w in s m a ki n t he fi rs t b a d m o ve , w hic h s u cc e e ds
g
o nly b e c a u s e his a dve rs a ry
pl a y s w o rs e : it is , t he re
fo re , fre q u e nt ly da nge ro u s t o a do pt his a t t a c k, b ec a u s e
t he a dve rs a ry b y p la y ing c o rrec t l

y w o u ld ha ve the b e s t
of t he ga m e t his is , ho w e ver, fa r fro m b e ing t he ca se
ina ll his ga m e s , inhis ga m b it s , pa rt ic u la rly , t he s ec o nd

l a y er ge ne ra ll
y m a ke s t he fi rs t m i s ta ke
p .
Grec o ha s pai d b u t li t tle a t tent io nt o t he a rra nge

m ent ofhi s ga m e s ha ve e n
. I
de a vo u re d to re m edy
thi s b y c la s s i ng t o
g e t he r t ho s e
ga m e s w h i c h ha ve s i m i
lar o pe nings , s o tha t t he y m a y t he m o re e a s ily b e re
ferred to .
Ins t ea d o f dis t i ng u i s hi n
g e a c h c ha p t e r inGrec o as
a p
se a ra t e g a h
m a ve
e , p I
refe rred c a l lin
g m a ny o f
t hem ( w ha t , infa c t , t he y are) va ri a t io ns of a
p rec eding
g am e : t he m o ve s , a s fa r a s t he com m e nc e m e nt o f the
va ria t io n, i
a re
p nt ed i n i ta l ic s ,
r or t he po s it io no f t he
i ec e s s ho w no na dia g ra m
p .
Ino rder t o pu b lis h t he w o rk a t a m o de ra t e pric e,

i t ha s b e enprint ed i ndo u b l e c o lt nnns , w it h a s m a ll b u t
nea t t y pe , so t ha t it co nt a ins , a t l ea s t, a s m uc h as m a ny
C hes s b o o ks o f do u b le t he s ize ; the a b b re via t io ns u se d
a re c h e i fly i nt he na m es of t he piec e s : t hu s , K . sta nds
fo r K i ng; K t fo r K ni ht
g ;
.
Q fo r Q u e e n, Si c 8Lc . . .
T hro u
gho u t t he w o rk t he s ec o nd pers o ni s u s ed t o
den o t e t he pla y er o f t he Whit e, and t he third pers o n
t he pla y e r o f t he B la c k pieces .
T he fo llowi n n Grec o i s chiefl
M
g a cco u t o f y ex t ra c t ed
fi om r. T wi s s s nterta ining w o rk ent itled C hes s

’
e .
”
Gi o a c m no G R E C O , c o m m o nly c a lled the Ca la

breis , fro m C a la b ria , t he pla c e o f hi s b i rt h, w a s o f very
lo w e x tra c ti o n H a vin a c c i den a l l l ea rne d t he
Mn
g . t y g a m e
C hes s , he im pro ved i D n

Mn
of p y
so dl t h
ra
a t o ar a i o
c e leb ra t ed la y er, b ein in f m d of his

a ra o, a
p g o r e
a
pt i t u de fo r C hes s , t o o k him to his ho u s e, a nd, u nde r
his t u it io n, Gre co i m pro ved so m u ch a s nea rly to e
q u al
his m a s t er .
T he fo l lo w ing a cc o u nt of hi m i s givenb y Da yl e in
his Dic ti o na ry .
Gio a c hino Grec o pla y ed a t C hes s s o s kilfu lly

tha t i t c a nno t b e tho u ght s tra nge t ha t c o ns e c ra t e t o I
him a l it t le i
a rt c le . A ll t ho s e w ho ex cel int heir pro
fes s i o n t o a c e rt a in degree, de s erve t ha t dis t inc tio n .
T his p la y er did no t find his m a t ch a ny w here He .
we n t t o a l l t he co u rt s inE u rO pe, a nd s igna lized hi m

s el f t here at C hes s ina m ost p
sur r s i ing m a n n e r H e .
fo u nd fa m o u s pla y ers a t t he c o u rt o f F ra n
M
c e , s u c h as
the D u ke o f N em o u rs , r A m an d, C ha u m o nt,. a nd
L a S a l le ; b u t t ho u gh t hey p ret e nded to kno w m o re
t ha no t hers , no ne o f them w ere a b le t o p l a y w i th hi m ,

no r c o u ld t hey co
p e w i th him a l to
ge t he r. He was at
C he s s a b ra vo , w ho s o u ght in a l l nt ries s o m e fa
co u
m o u s knight w it h w ho m he m ight fight a n d b rea k a

la nc e, a nd he fo u nd no ne w ho m he di d n
”
ot o verc o m e .
T hi s is certa inly a n ex a ggera ted ac co u nt o f his

i ll, w e kno w fro m S a lvi o t ha t he w a s ra t her a i
Mn
sk as
fe rie r t o a ra o a nd o ther Itali anpla y ers .

W H IT E . L
B AC K .
8 . K . cas t les s . K Kt . . ta kes Q . Kt .

‘
g .
Q . Kt P . . ta kes Kt .
9 K B
. . . t akes P4
10 .
Q . to Q . K t th ird squa re :
. 10 K B
. . . ta kes Q . R§ .
11 . K B . . t a kes K B P . . . a nd 11 . K . to K B . . squ are
checks
12 . Q . B . t o a dv . K K t fo u rth
. . 12 .
Q . Kt . to K . seco nd squa re
s u a re
q
13 K K t. . . to adv . K . fou rt h 1 3. K B . . ta kes P .
u n
eve n
14 . K B . . to adv . K Kt . . third 14 .
Q . P. t wo squ ares
q
s u a re
15 .
Q . to K B . . t hi rd squa re 15 .
Q . B . to K B fo u rt h sq
. . .
a nd chec ks
16 . K B . . ta kes Q . E 1[ . 16 . K B . . ta kes K . Kt ” .
17 . K B . . to a dv . K . t hird sq . 17 . K B . . to its t hird squ a re

c hec ki ng w i th t he Q .
18 .
Q . B . ta kes K B . . 18 . K Kt P . . . ta kes Q . B .
a kes P a n d checks K his square

19 .
Q t . . 19 . . to .
chec km a tes a t adv K B

Q . . . .
sec o nd squ are .
B lack ou ght to take the K t wi th t he . K B . . a n

d thenplay Q . P t wo
.
m or ca s t le.
s
q ua
t It wo uld be bett er to rem o ve the K B

. . to K . secou d s ua re,
q “ t o pls y
Q P . . t wo squs res .
Thi ve ded des t he a m e in our fa vour ; m n b d h

{ s m o g y e u t a
goo p ya
wou ld les ve t he Rook ea pri se of t be B the s ttack is, however, irre °
51 ns va ri s ti ou tlnh ta kes Q P . .
{ This m o ve shew s ho w m uch b ett er it was ou t he fourt eeu th nove to
nt K L t hhd sqa m s ud tb eu chs ckm t e wit h QJt his K R sew n

d
sq uare.
F IR S T V A R IA T IO N ,
BEGINNING A T “l T H IRT M B H OV! 01 m s B ACK. L

Onltlmt of the Olsen .
w a rn . nu cx .
Q . P
. t wo q s ua res
Q. to K B
. . t hi rd squa re Q . B . to K B fo u rth sq
. . .
K B
. . to adv . K . t hi rd sq . K Kt P
. . . o ne squ are
Q. B . to a dv . K R third
. . K to his square
. .
squ a re a nd c hec ks
K B
. . chec km ates a t adv.
K B
. . seco nd squ are .
‘
If Bls ck instes d of this m ove were to pls y
S E C O N D V A R IA T IO N ,
B EGINNIN G A T T H E T w a m a I OVB O! T HE BLA C K .
Ou tfit ! of tbs Om
W H IT E . L
B ACK .
19 .
Q. Kt . ta kes P . a t a dv.
Q .
fo u rth squa re
Q . to Q . R . t hird squ a re 1 3 K ta kes K B

. . . .
a nd checks
Q . B . ta kes Q . 14 . K R
. .
Q
ta kes . B .
K R. . ta kes K B . . 15 .
Q. K t to
. adv Q . . B . seco nd
sq ua re t
This is a ver
y ba d move, ” i t eviden t ly ca uses t be loss of the fi seen .
t This is s lso vcr

y bed pla y , s s he loses t he K t im m edia tely .
.
B EGINNIN G AT T H E T w em a I O VI OF T H E BLACK .
t u itionof tbs 9 1st » .
W H IT E . L
B ACK
12 .
Q. Kt . ta kes P . a t adv .
Q.
fo u rt h sq u a re
13
.
Q . to Q . R . t hird sq u a re 1 3 K ta kes K B
. . . .
a nd chec ks
14
.
Q . B . t a kes Q . 14 . K R
. . ta kes Q . B .
15
. K R . . ta ke s K B . . 15 .
Q. Kt . to adv Q . . B . seco nd
s
q u a re t
Thi s i s a ver
y b a d m o ve, ” i t ev idently ca uses t he loss of the m
t Thi s is also ver
y ba d pla y , as he los es t he K t im m ediately .
.
B LACK .
16 .
Q . to Q . Kt . third squ are 16 . K . to K B . .
q
s u are.
a nd c hecks
17 .
Q . ta kes Q . Kt . nd
a w il l
T H IR D V A R IA T IO N ,
R es u m e A T T i l l T am mo v e o r T ns B ACK . L
1 . K P t wo squ ares
. . 1 K P t wo squ a res
. . .
2 . K Kt to K B thirdsquare
. . . . 2 Q K t to Q B t hi rd s quare
. . . . .
3 0 K B b Q B
. . o s
fm m fq q . 3 K B to. . .
Q B f ourth sq. . .
4 . K Kt. . to K B third sql a re

. .
5 . K P ta kes P
. . .
6 K B a; ado Q K t
. . . . . .
f our th
q s ua re a n
d checks
7 . a n ne a aa m um 7 . K Kt. . ta kes K P . .
8 . K K t takes Q K t
. . . .
9 Q K t P tot es K t
. . . . . 9 K B takes P
. . . .
1 0 Q to Q K t thi rd squa re
. . . . 1 0 K B ta kes P
. . . .
1 1 K B ta kes K B P an
. . d
. . . . 11 . K . to K B . . squ a r
e
c hecks
12 .
Q . B . to a dv . K K t fo u rt h
. . 12 . K B . . to i ts third squ a re
13 .
Q . R . to K . squ a re 13 .
Q . Kt . to K . s eco nd sq t .
14 . K B . . to a dv . K R fo u rt h. . 14 .
Q . Kt . to K Kt . . t hird sq .
1
q s u a re
15 K Kt . . . t o adv . K fou rt h sq. . 15 .

Q . Kt . ta kes Kt .
16 .
Q . R . ta kes Kt . 16 . K Kt P
. . . o ne squ are
T his is a very good move, as it nfines

co the adversary s p ieces
'
.
f If he pla y K B t o K second squ a re, . . . W hi te m a y ta ke t he K B wit h . .
Q . R an
. d t heu pls y K R to K sq uare . . . .
3Int he fourt h variatio nhe moves Q . P . two squares.

w a rn . m n
e .
17 . Q . B . chec ks a t adv . K R . . 17 . K B in
. terposes
.
t hi rd squa re
18 .
Q . R . c hecks a t adv. K B . . 18 . K Kt P
. . . ta kes Q . R
.
fou rt h squa re
19 .
Q . to adv K B . . . seco nd sq .
s u d checkm a tes .
F O U R T H V A R IA T IO N ,
W IN NIN G A T T H E ro a m m nI OVB 0 ! T8 ! T H IRD V A RIA TION .
Oss tt iott at the N ews .
§ I
f he l
p y
a K t o l( s eco
.nd squ are , y ou
. m us t chec k with K . B . a n
d
a fierwa rds chcckm s te with Q s t his Q fourth s u sre
q . . .
00m m of ti t Dim s .
w a nt . L
B ACK .
16 .
Q . B . to K . t hi rd sq ua re
K K t to
.
Q . . fou rt h squ a re 17 . K B . . ta kes Q . B .
K t ta kes Q
. . B an d chec ks
. 18 . K . to K Kt
. . s ua re
q
Q t a kes
.
Q P . . 19 .
Q . B P . . o ne squa re
Q to .
Q K t t hi rd s uare
.
q . 90 .
Q . to K B
. t hi rd squa re
Kt . ta kes K B . . a nd chec ks 21 . K . to K B
. .
q
s uare
w i th t he Q .
’
l i m e-d of t his m ove, l

p ya t he K t
y ou ou ght to . t o adve rs a ry : Q
.
q
s ua re , and Bh rk wou ld b e checkma t ed intw o w a s .
C
W H IT E . L
B AC K .
22 .
Q . to Q . K t fou rt h squa re
. 22 . K . to K Kt . . s u are
q
a nd c hecks
23 K . . B . to a dv . K B . . seco nd 23 .
Q . ta kes K B . .
q nd c hec ks
s u a re a
24 . K t ta kes Q a nd w ill w in
. . .
1 . K P tw o squ a res
. .
2 . 2 .
3 . 3 .
4 .
6 .
Q P . two squa res 5 . K B . . to Q . Kt . t hird sq!
6 .
Q . P . t akes K P . . 6 . K Kt . ta kes K F1 . .
Black los es t he ga m e by thi s m ove, he h h ve ta kenthe

ou
g t t o s QP.
f Bla ck ha s t hree ot her wa y s of play in

g,
No .
2 K K t to
. . . a dv. K K t fourt h square
. .
3 K K t t o its
. . . squ are.
No 1 . .
6 . K K t to K R fourt h sq uare
. .
. .
7 . K B ta kes K B P
. . . . . a nd checks 7 . K ta kes K B
. . .
8 R K t to
. . a v c Kt . fou rt h sq .
nd checks
a .
If Blnck play the K . to K K t t hi rd squa re, W hit e w ill speedil w in

.
y
.
t he by pla y in
ga m eg Q to K K t fo m t h s qua re ; if Bla c k la
p y t he K b . . .
.
K K t squn
. re he will be chcclt ma ted int wo m ov es -rid if he b
.
p t t y .
elm hcq hi tc will tn

ke the K t Jn
d ha ve the hes t ot t he gu -e.
'
n
u to 05am .
w u rra . BLACK .
1 . K P . . t w o sq ua res 1 . . P tw o squ ares

.
0
K Kt . . to K B . . t hird sq . 2 . . K t to Q B third sq
. . . .
3 K B to B fo u rt h sq B B fo u rt h s
. . .
Q . . . 3 . . . toQ .
q . .
4 2 B P . . o ne squa re 4 .
0 . to K seco nd sq uare
.
5 . K . cas t les . 5 .
0 . P . o ne squ a re
P 6 N B Q Kt t h ird sq
6 Q . t w o squ a res . . . to . . .
7 Q . B . t o a dv . K K t fo u rt h
. .
7 ”B . . P . o ne squ a re .
u a re
q s
8 Q B
. . . to K R fo u rt h sq
. . . 8 . K Kt P
. . . t w o sq ua res f
9 K K
. t . . ta kes K K t P . . .
g P. . ta kes K Kt . .
10 .
Q . K R fo u rt h s
to a dv q . . . . 10 K. . to Q . seco nd squ are
and c hec ks
Q . B . t a kes P .
Q . to K Kt . . seco nd square
( Or A )
K B . . to adv . K . t hird sq . K . ta kes K B . .
a nd cheeks I
Q . to a dv . K sq. . a nd checks K K t i nterposes
. . .
Q . P . o ne sq . a nd check
m a tes .
( Or
11 .
Q . to K B .
q
s u a re
12 . K B . . to a dv . K B . . seco nd 12 °
K P . . ta kes Q . P ( Or B)
. .
squ a re
13 .
Q K K
. t fou rt h squ a re
to . .
and checkm a tes .
It wou ld be b et ter t o p ay K K t to K B t hird squa re

l . . . .
i k
' '
t l h s is a very s ilfu l m ove .
g l t is o f n o cou s eq ue n ce w hich picce interp a

os e
0r B)
(
” thanat the Dirm
wm '
r n . L
B ACK .
12 .
Q . Kt . to K . seco nd squa re
Q . P. takes K P . . 13 .
Q . P. ta kes P (or C )
.
R.
Q q to nd chec ks
. s u a re a 14 . K . to Q . B . t hi rd square
K B to adv K square a nd
. . . . 15 . K . to Q . B fou rt h square
.
checks
Q. B . to K . t hird sq . a nd 16 . K . to adv .
Q . B fourth sq
. .
checks
Q . Kt P . . o ne squ a re and
checkm a tes .
Or F)
(
b os it tonof the S tress .
W HIT E . L
B ACK .
9 . K t to K B fou rt h sq
. . . .
Q . B . to K Kt . . t hird sq .
Q . K t ta kes Q B
. . .
seco n
Q .
9 ta kes . Kt . K R . . to K Kt. . d sq .
Q Q
t o
. K t . . third squ a re K R P
. . . o ne squ are
P . to a dv . K . seco nd squ a re Q . ta kes K B ( Or G)
. .
K seco nd squa re
P . to a dv .
Q . t hi rd squ are . to Q .
a nd checks
If t he Black play the K to Q K t squa re . .

, Whit e wou ld excha nge
Qu eens, and thenadva nce t he P t o Qu een . .
a u cx .
16 . R . takes P .
17 .
Q . t akes R . 17 . P. ta kes Q . R . a nd becom es
a Q.
18 .
Q .
Q ta kes . at Q R sq . . . 18 . K B . . to adv .
Q . fourth sq .
19 .
Q 3 . ta kes
Q.a nd check s 1 9 K tak es Q . . . . B .
K o Q B t hird s u are an n
20 .
Q t
. t .
q d wi ll w .i . .
S E C O N D VA R IA T IO N ,
l K IK G A ? “K T ENTH I O VB O P T i l l B A CK .L
K P tsoo sqm
. . 1 . K P t rau m
. . a
2 .
3 .
n n
M
Q- B P - . a s s ua
9 4 . Q to K sm d s9a cre .
K . a 5 . Q P en q u i re
. .
Q P J
ts o s m
g 6 .
Q B . . to ob . K Ref erra ls
.
7 .
K B P . . . a re w e
s ua re
q
Q, B . 10 K R f ou rl lt sq
. - . 8 . K Kl P
. . . t wo s ua res
q
9 . P ta l es K t
. .
10 . Q . t o a ds .
x R f ourth rg
. . . 1 0. K . to K B . . s u a re
q
Q . B . ta hes P . 11 .
Q . to K q . s u are
12 .
Q . to K 8 . thi rd squ are 12 . K . to K Kt . . seco nd squa re
a nd checks
13 K B t akes K K t
. . . . . 13 . R . ta kes K B ( Or B) . . .
14 .
Q . to adv . K B . . third square a nd checkrnates .
( Or A )
Out fitters s t tbs N ews .
w a rn . L
B ACK .
Q. to her seco nd squ are 15 . K B . . to Q . R fou rth sq

. .
Q . Kt Q .B th
toird sq . . . 16 .
Q . Kt P . . o ne squ a re '
Q . B ta kes K K t
. . . 17 . K Kt P
. . . ta kes Q
. Bt
.
Q . takes P . a nd checks 18 . K . to K Kt . . s uare.

q
K R
. . to adv . K . squ a re a nd chec km a tes .
‘
Blaelr has ahe ady a ha d gam hut thinn tne fi t
ovo m akes it still wv
t Tlfi is a vu y had m he ought to play Q B . .

W H IT E . L
B AC K .
4 .
Q . to K . seco nd squa re 4 .
Q . to K . seco nd sq u are
5 .
Q ta lt es K Kt 5 . ne square
Q P . o
6 .
Q . P . t w o squa res 6 K B P on
. e s u a re
q. . .
7 . K B t
m o s
q u ares 7 Q K t to Q seco n
. . d squ are . .
8 .
Q . Kt Q . to . B t hird sq . 8 .
Q . P . ta kes K Kt . .
9 . Kt . to adv Q . . fou rt h squa re 9 .

Q . to Q . t hi rd squ are
10 .
Q . P . ta kes P . 10 . P . ta kes P .
11 . P . ta kes P . 11 .
Q . to Q . B t hi rd squ are, fo r
.
i f t he Q . ta ke t he P Black w ill th eQ . a nd if the

Kt . ta ke it, W hite w o u ld pla y Q B . . to K B fo u rt h square
. .
a nd w i nt he K t .
12 . K B . . to a dv .
Q . K t fou rth . 12 .
Q . to Q . B . fou rt h squ are
s ua re
q
13 Q B
. . . to K . thi rd squ a re 1
“
13 .
Q . ta kes K B . .
14. Kt . ta kes Q . B . P . a nd 14 . K . to Q . s
q u a re .
c hecks
15 . Kt . ta kes Q . a nd w i ll w in .
fl !
i n
t ) Gums
1 K P tw o squa res
. . . 1 . K P . . t w o squ a res
2 K K t to K B t hird sq
. . . . . . 2 .
Q . P . o ne squ are r
3 K B to
. . .
Q . B fou rt h sq
. .
§ 3 .
Q . B . to adv . K K t fo u rth
. .
s ua re
q
‘
l t is ohvious tha t if he rern
ove the K K t he will lose hia Q
. .
e yo ur
l i
p y g
a u K K t . to a dv .
Q . B t hird square
. .
cam e it cuu fi es t he n K B . .
W R IT] . B AC K .L
4 K B P . ne square . . o 4 .
Q . B
5 .
Q B P o
. n e q
s uare . . 5 .
6 .
Q P o ne. sq uar e . 6 K B to K
. . . . seco nd squ a re
7 .
Q . B . to K . t hird squa re 7 . K . cas tles
8 .
9 K Kt . . . to K R fo u rt h sq . . . 9 .
Q . B P . . o ne square ?
10 K K t . . . ta kes Q B . . 10 . K R P ta kes K K t
. . . . .
11 . K R P . . . o ne square 11 .
Q . K t P tw o squ a res I
. .
12 . K B . . to Q . Kt . t hird sq . 12 .
Q . R P t w o squ ares
. .
1 3. Q . R P . . t w o squ a res 13 .
Q . Kt P . . o ne squ are
14 . K R P
. . . o ne squa re 14 . P
. t akes K R P . . .
1 5. K Kt P
. . . o ne square § 1 5 K K t to adv K K t fo u rt h
. . . . . .
squ a re
16 . K R . . takes P . 16 . K Kt. . ta kes Q . B .
17 . K R . . to adv . K R . . s u a re
q 17 . K . ta kes K R . .
a nd checks "
18 .
Q . t o adv . K R fou rth sq
. . . 18 . K . to K Kt . .
q
s ua re
a nd chec ks
19 . K Kt P . . . o ne squa re 19. K R . . to K . s
q ua re ?
20 .
Q . to a dv . K R . . seco nd sq . 20. K to K B squ are
. . . .
a nd checks
21 .
Q . to adv . K R . . s ua re a
q nd checkm ates .
Cas ding
‘
is n
ot a good m o nfi t wou ld he het t er t o l
p y
a Q K t . . or ta ke
the K K t wit h Q B . . . .
t Q P . . n
o e s ua re
q wou ld he het ter .
3The ohject of the Blaek is nt t he at tack of the K B onthe

to preve . .
t his he m ight a t ouce efiect hy pla y in n in d

'
g Q P o e squar
e s tea .
,
by which he loses a m ove a t a erit ical
j This is a m uch hett er move tha nt a ki n

g t he P w ith t he P . .
l fl n n lly pla y ed, an d as sim ilar

'
ri s a d t he succeedi g m oves a re s kilfu
airm an
-s wa r m , t he reader will do well t o s t ud t hem a tt en
y ti vel
y .
{ B in s tea d o f t his m ove Bla ck were t o chec k wi t h t he K t at y ou r .
Q .B sccu u d sq
. u are , y ou ou ght n eit her t o t a ke it , uor m o ve t he K t o Q . .
secu rd aqu a , because the Bla ck m ight ineither case ret rieve his ga m e )
( .
y ou shou ld l
p y
a K t o hi s B . . square.
I N IK RIRG A T T K K FOURT H N O" OF TB K B A CK L .
w nrrn '
.
1 . K P t wo squares
. . 1 . K P t wo squaro
. .
2 . K Kt
. . “K . B thsrd squa re
.
'
2 . Q P . . n
o e square
3 K B to
. . . Q B f ourth sq
. . . 3 . Q B t
.o adv K K t f
. osrrt ls . . .
s u are
q
4 . K R P. . . n
o e s uare
q 4 .
Q . B takes K K t
. . .
Kt K B t hird sq
’
s Q . . hi kes Q . B . 5 . K . . to . . .
6 Q . . to Q . Kt . t hi rd squ are 6 . K Kt
. . ta kes K P . .
7 . K B . . t akes K B P . . . a nd 7 . K . to Q . seco nd squa re

checks
8 .
Q . ta kes Q . Kt P . . 8 K K t to its fou rth squ are ?
. . .
9 K B .t o adv
Q
. fo u rth s
q. . . .
9 Q. K t t o Q. R t h i rd sq
. . . .
1 0 Q to adv Q B t hi rd sq
. . . . . . 1 0 K to his secon
. . d squ are .
a nd checks
11 .
Q . ta kes Q . R . a nd w ill w in .
B KO IN N IN G A T T H E FIFT H N OV! 0 7 m H m V A RIA T ION .
1 .
K P . . t wo q
s ua res 1 . K P t wo squa res
. .
2 . K K r to K B
. . . . third s q . 2 . Q P . . n q
o e s ua re
3 K B to
. . .
Q B f ourth sq . . 3 .
Q B . . to a ds . K K r f ourth
. .
s ua re
q
4 K B P
. . . . n q
o e s u a re 4 . Q B . . ta kes K Kt . .
5 .
Q. ta kes Q B . . 5 Q . . to K B . . t hi rd squa re x
6 .
Q . to Q . Kt . thi rd squ are 6 Q . . Kt P . . o ne squ are
t Qt . o her seca r dq s uare would he hett er, a n

d afterwards Q . B P
. . o e n
q
s ua re .
i lrbrutb Gums .
nu cx .
l . K P . . t w o squa res 1 . K P
. . tw o squa res
s . K K t to K B
. . . . t hi rd sq . 2 .
Q . to K B
. . t hird square ‘
3 . K B . . to Q
. B fo u rth sq
. .
3 .
Q. to K Kt . . t hi rd s uare t
q
K cas tles I K P
4 . . 4 .
Q . ta kes . .
5 . K B . . ta kes K . B P
. . a nd 5 . K . t a kes K B . .
c hecks
6 K Kt
. . . to adv . K K t fo u rt h
. . 6 . K . to his squ a re .
qnd checks
s u are a
7 . K K t ta kes Q a n
. d w i ll w in
. .
B EGIN S ING A T T U B PIIT U U OV K OP T U B B LAC K .
1 . K P . . t wo squares 1 . K P . . t wo squa res
2 . 2 .
Q . to K B tlrird square
. .
3 K B to Q B
. . . . .
f ourtlt s u are
q 3 .
Q . to K . K t third squa re
.
4 .
Q . takes K . P .
s . 5 . K . to Q . squ a re
m yp y la ers a ver
y good m ove ; i t w ill b e see n. bowever, how dan
geruu s i t
is to ta ke the K ’
J .
z l n
stead of cas t li ng y
, ou m ight l
p y
a Q P one squ a m an d if he ta k e . .
K Kt P y ou will winthe Queery by taki n

. . .
g K B P , t hen la
p y gin E t c . . .
to K Kt
. . t hird square .
“8 m . Bu c
6 . K Kt. . t akes K P . . 6 .
Q
. ta kes K Kt . .
7 . K R . . to K . s u a re
q 7 .
Q
. to K B . . t hi rd squ a re .
8 . R. checkm a tes a t adv . K .

q
s u a re .
B BOIN B IN G A T TU B ' ' ‘

III IU M OV E O F T U B B A C K L .
1 . K P t wo s qua res
. . 1 . K P t wo squa res
. .
2 . K K t to K B third squ a re
. . . . 2 .
Q to K B t hird squa re
. . .
3 K B to. . .
Q B f ou rth square
. . 3 .
Q . to K Kt . . t hi rd squw e
4 . Q . ta kes K P . .
5 . K B . . takes K B P . . . a n
d 5 . K . to K . seco nd squa re
checks
6 K R . . . to K q . s u a re 6 .
Q . t o a dv . K B fo urt h sq
. . .
7 . K . R . t a kes K . P . a nd 7 . K . ta kes B .
chec ks
8 .
Q . P . t w o sq ua res 8 .
Q . to K B . . t hi rd squ a re
9 K Kt . . . t o a dv . K K t fo u rth
. .
9 K . . to K Kt . . t hird squ are
s
q ua re a nd c hec ks
10 .
Q h er t hi rd s u are
. to q a nd 10 . K to K R third square
. . . .
chec ks
11 . K Kt . . to adv . K B . . seco nd squ are givi ng dou b le check an

, d
checlu na te .
B BGIR B II G A T T U B SIK T U M OV B O I7 T U B FIRST VA RIA T ION .

W H IT E B A CK L
5 . K B . . ta kes K B P . . . a nd 5 . K to Q squa re
. .
6 K K t ta kes K P
. . . . . 6 K Kt
. . . to K B . . t hi rd sq .
7 . K R . . to K . e
sq u a r 7 .
Q . K B fou rt h square
to . .
8 . K B . . to a dv. K K t t hi rd
. . 8 . K . R P ta kes K B
. . . .
squ a re ( Or A )
9 K K t to
. . . adv . K B . . seco nd squ a re an d checkrna tes .
( Or A )
8 .
Q . to K . t hird squ are
9 K t t o adv K B
. . . . . seco n
d sq . 9 . K . to h is squ a re
a nd checks
10. Kt . ta kes K R . . a nd checlt s 1 0 K R P ta kes
. . . . K B . .
w i th K B . .
11 . R. ta kes Q nd chec ks
. a 1 1. P ta lt es R
. .
12 . Kt . ta kes P .
“ IB B IB O A T TU B l v M“
O OB TU B OBCO B D VA BIA fl OK . '
1 . K P t wo squa res
. . 1 . K P t soo squares
. .
2 .
2 .
Q to K B Jhird s qum
8 K B to Q B f ora th square
. . . . .
-
3 .
Q . to K . K t third s quare
.
4 K m a les
. . 4 . Q . ta kes K P . .
5 . K . B . ta kes K B P . . . a nd 5. K to K . . seco nd square
6 K R to K
. . . .
q
s ua re 6 . Q . to a dv. K B . .
f osrrtls sq .
7 . K B ta kes K P
. . . . a n
d checb 7 . K . to K B . . t hird squ a re
8 Q P
. tw o s
q ua
. res . 8 .
Q . to adv . K K t fou rt h sq
. .
9 K B t o a dv K R fou rth squ are

. . . . . . and w ill w i n .
S IX T H V A R IA T IO N ,
BEGIN N IN G A T T H E T E NT H H O VK O Ir T H B 8 300 " I) VA RIA T OO N .
Bu rrs
'
Bus itt ort of ti) : .
wm '
rrt. B LA C K .
10 . K . to K R fo u rt h s q u a re
. .
11 . K Kt . . t o adv. K B . . sec o nd 11 . K . to a dv K K t fo u rt h s
. .
q . .
q . chec ki ng w it h t he R .
‘
( Or A) .
12 .
Q . to K Kt. . t hi rd sq ua re a nthc heclt m ates .
It wou ld be b et t er to l
p ya K K t P
. t wo s ua res, i f Bls clt ta ke t he P
q
. . .
or l
p ya K t o a dv K R
. . . . fo u rt h s qua re, W hit e w ill checkm a t e w i t h Q a t .
K R t hird squa re, an

. . d i f he pla y K t o K R t hird squa re,
‘
. . . Whit e wi ll
c heckr n
a te b l in t h K t t a dv K B second s u a re
y p y g
a e o q . . . . .
0
L
B AC K.
Or A)
(
1 1 K Kt P
. . . . t w o squ ares .
12 R t akes P,
. checks , a nd w il l w in.
a mmo Gi an
!
ts
1 K P . t w o squara I K P t w o squa res

.
2 K KL to K B . . t hu d sq e . x B P . o o e squ are 1
3 K K L ta kes KJ ’
. 3 K B P ta kes K
. . Kt 1 .
4 Q . K R fou rt h sq
. t o a dv. . . 4 . K . to h is seco nd squ um §
and checks
ta kes K P nd checks 5 K to K B nd squ are
5 .
Q . . . a . . . . seco
6 . K B . . to Q . B fo u rt h sq
. . 6 . K to K Kt . . t hi rd square
a nd checks
7 .
Q . to adv . K B fou rt h sq . . .
7 . K . to K R thi rd squa re
. .
a nd c hecks
8 .
Q . P . t wo squ ares checki ng 8 . K Kt P . . . tw o q
s uares
w it h Q . B .
9 . K R P . . . tw o squa m 9 . K . to K Kt . . seoou d s qu ne
10 .
Q . to adv . K B . . seco nd sq . 1 0. K . to K R t hird square
. . .
a nd checks
l l . K R P . . . t akes P . a nd checkm a ta .
This gl m e is chiefly taken fro m Dum in

no s celebra ted t rea tis e. a n
d
’
is u m lly cu lled
m o vi ng K . B P
. . m e squ are is no defenoe to t he K P . . u t he W hit e m y
t a ke i t w i tho u t da n
ger .
t Bla ck oo gb t not to ta ke t be Kt . he
h
p y Q t o K
s hou ldm . .
s q ua re nvhich ww ld foroe y ou to rem ove t he K L he would t heu h ke w

’
K P , yo u r positionwou ld, however, be
. . ra t her su perior t o hil .
w rrm m et .
14 . K . to his t hird square

Kt . t o adv .
Q
. B . nd
seco 15 . K . ta kes P (Dr C )
. .
q
s ua re a nd checks
Q. to K B fou rth squ are a n
. . d checkm at es .
( Or C )
15 . K . to his seco nd sp are .
16 .
Q. to adv . K B . . seco nd sq .
a nd checlu na tes .
V A R IA T IO N
L
,
IN IK K IN G A T “ I T u rnm rt
'
ns H OV. 0 ? T B ! B A C K .
h itter! at the m
w a rn . “ Cl .
13 . P . ta kes Kt .
R . ta kes P . a nd checks 14 . K . to Q . B . seco nd squ are
a nd checks
Q . takes Kt . a nd checks 16 . K Q
. to . B .
q
s ua re
K B
. . to adv. K K t fou rth
. . 17 .
Q Q
to . . B . seco nd sq ua re
18 Q. .
Q n d cta kes
heck s . a 18 . K . ta kes Q .
1 9 R ta kes B c hec ks a n
. . d w il l
.
, , w in .
D EF EN C E .
f ourtt m tb Gi an
ts .
BLAC K HA VIN G Tl ! " B IT I O" .
1K P two squares
. . . l K P tw o squ ares
. . .
1 K K L tO K B third sq
. . . . . 2 Q K t to Q B third sq
. . . . . .
3 . 3 .
4 K . . castles 4 . K .
5 K R to K
. . . . square t 5 K . . cas tl es
6 .
Q . B P
. . o ne square 6 .
Q . to K . seco nd square §
7 .
Q P.
| . tw o squa res 7 . K P . . t a kes Q . P .
8 K P on
. e square q
. . 8 .
K t tourt h squa re
'
. .
i l l wou ld a ls o be gnod l
p y
e t o m ove Q P . . n
o e square. or K B to
. .
t l l hrst s ad of this aove

r Blaek
l l t w ou ld b e b et ter t o l
p y
a t hi s ne square.
s u b s trat u - m o u
m t i n
g m e rm tt h uw p n .
B A CK .L
9 . P . ta kes P .
g .
Q. Kt . ta kes P .
10 . K . K t ta kes
.
Q . Kt . to .
Q. t o adv . K B tom b sq
. . .
31 . K Kt . . to K B . . t hird sq . 11 .
Q. ta kes K B P an. d . .
( Or A ) checks
12 . K . to K B squa re
. . 12 .
Q. to adv . K . Kt . s uare
q
a nd checks
13 . R . or Kt . t a kes Q . 1 3 K K t to
. . . adv . K B . . seco n
d
07 A)
(
11 . K R P . . . o ne sq uare 11 . K K t ta kes K B P
. . . . .
‘
12 . n
Q y . a w here . 12 . K B . . ta kes Kt . and w ill
w rn .
al b u m s AT m R IT E I OV! 0 ! T H ! W H IT E .
1 . K P t wo soaa ses
. . 1 . K P t wo som
. . e:
2 . s .
K B Q B f ourtls s q B to Q B
M
3 to 3 K f ourtit s
-
. . . . . . . . . . .
o .
4 . K K t to K B
. . . . ay .
5 . K B . . to K . s qum 5 K . . cast 1es
6 .
Q B P . . . orte s sr
are q 6 . K R . . to K . s
q u are ?
7 .
Q . P . t w o squa res 7 . K P . . ta kes Q . P .
8 . K P . . o ne squa re 8 . K Kt . . t o adv . K K t fo urth

. .
q s u are
9 .
Q . B . to adv . K K t fou rth
. .
9 K K t ta kes K B P4
. . . . .
er innre
‘
In
st u d uf ta kin t be a uh the K t. y ou might take i t wi th the
'
g Q .
t l t wunld be bet ter t o play Q P on

e squarn
. . .
BLAC K .
15. L u ke- K . Kt . Is . B nd chu rks

. takes Kt . a
1 6 K takes B
. . . 16 Q takes K B P an
. .d ehecb . . .
a nd cheeks
18 . B int erpos es
. . 18 .
Q . takes P . a nd checks
W hi te w i ll w inwit h his Pa wns .
BEGIN NIN G A T m TINT! I O" 01 m P IR’T V A RIA TION .
M
1 K P t wo s qua res 1 K P two sqstares
MQ B
. . . . . .
2 . -d q
'
. s . Q KL . C’.
3 K B to. . .
Q B f ossrtb sg
- . . 3 K B to. . . Q R f om tb sp -
t r
a srtles rd q
‘
4 . K . - .
5 . K R to E
.
y
s u -v
o . 6 . K no x .
”
7 .
Q P . . t wo sgsta res 7 .
8 . K P . . n yw
o es e 8 .
tb
-
10 . K takes K K t
. . . 10 .
w i th K B . .
12 .
Q . Kt to Q . B third squ are
. 12 . P . ta kes Q . R . a nd hw om es
a Q .
13 .
Q . ta kes Q .
rI T H
Ir V A R IA T IO N ,
B R INNIN O A T TB B m . OVB OB al l ro om V A RIA TION.
” it“
! at 1k Uteru
m e n .
12 .
Q . Kt . to Q .
B . third s q . 12 . K Kt
. . t o adv .
Q . sip s
a nd c hec ks w it h K B. .
13 . K . to K B . . n
sq are 13 . P ta lres
.
Q . B P . . nd be
a
co m es a Q .
s B and h k
14 . B takes K K t
. . . 14
.
Q. ta ke c ec s
.
1 5 K t. takes
.
Q . 15 . K t takes Q B an
. d will . .
w in ‘
.
tt
‘
N M
hl e have fi
'
e hd
MM
O
of thc ' r-a .
I M K at H W r- w
m m AT m m ”O" O! m ro o m V A RIATIO N .
” (ti n at the Otrrs s .
wm
11 .
Q. Kt . ta kes P . 11 . Kt . t o a dv . K R t hi rd sq
. . .
a nd checks
12 . Kt . to adv . K B . . seco nd
s u a re a
q nd chec ks
13 . K m K Kt . s u a re
q 13 Kt. . to a dv . K . R . t h ird
a nd w ill dra w the ga m e by a perpetu a l

nless t he Bla c k Kin flereu t l
'
check, u g m ove di y
‘
.
It nthat Wbit e has not the best ot t b c ga m e since b e

'
a ppca rs t he t he
m m ly drt w it n his ari scs fiu m his havingp yla ed K R t O Kq re on
t he i a t h m u ve thus corr
. fiin g t t u t cn -
.
wa rn .
w QP . . u kes K Kt . . 10 .
Q . takes Q nd wil.l a w in
.
T IR s T V A R IA T IO N ,
n
a l o rr rruo A T T H! S IXT H H O K OP T H B BLA C K V .
1 1 . K P two sgtsares
. .
2 K KL - to K B third sqw
. . e 2 K B P t wo squa res
. . . .
3 Q to K secorsd q ss- e
. . .
'
4 . 4 K Kt P. . . . oa e q w rr e '
7 .
Q . toK R fou rt h squ are
. . 7 .
Q . takes K Kt P . . .
l . Kt . takes K R . . 8 .
Q . ta kes K R . nd c hecks
. a
Q . K R to its sqn
arc 9 .
Q . to adv . K fou rth sqn
. at e
a nd checks
10 .
Q . ta kes Q . 1 0 P ta lt cs
. .
Q .
11 . K B . . to Q . B fo u rt h sq
. .
‘
11 .
Q . P t w o squ ares
.
12 . K B . . to a dv
Q K. t fo u rth . 12 .
Q . B P on
. e squa r
.e
squ a re a nd checks
13 . 13 . K B to K K t
. . . . seco n
d sq
.
m m A T TH B m m H O VK O P TB ! l V A RIA T IO N .
1 . K P . . t wo s gu res 1 . K P . . Mg o r a n:
2 . K K r to K B lltird s quare
. . . . 2 . K B P t wo sgsra
. . . es
‘
M is n
o c of thc worst m ovcs t b e Black ca nplay , as tt hitc by
d a s h -m a n.
W H IT E . BLA C K .
K 8
. . ta kes K Kt P . . . 17 . K R P
. . . ta kes K B . .
Q . ta kes K R . nd checks . a 18 .
Q . takes Q .
Kt . to a dv . K B secon
.d sq . . 19 . K . to Q . B . seco nd squ are
a nd c hecks
Q . B nd.c heckst a kes P . a 20 .
Q . P . o ne square
Q B
. ta ke. P a n
.d c hecks . 21 . K . to Q . seco nd equat e .
R. to adv. K . seco nd squ are a nd c heckm ates .

‘
j i fm tt m tb G ame .
BLA C K I O V IN G P I I IT .
n
u cx .
l. K P
. . t wo squ ares . P . t wo squ a res
2 . K B
. to Q . B fou rt h sq
. . ” Kt . to K B . t hird sq .
1
'
B P . . o ne squ a re
. Kt P . . t w o squ a res §
5 . K B
H to Q H Kt t hird sq . . Kt P . . o ne square
G QMK t to Q R fo u rt h sq . P . tw o squa res
7 .
Q . P . o ne squ are . R P . o ne sq ua re
8 . K Kt. . to K . seco nd squa re 8 . . P . o ne sgua re
K Kt to its t hird square B t o adv K K t tou rth
'
9 . . .
9 . . . . . .
a nd the ga m e l .
Th e h at few m oves of t he Whit e are good

'
0
, b ut t he res t ot the game
ts
f - o. '
This is n
ot t he pro per m ove. he n
o
g ht w h
p y E K L w K E t fi d
squam or Q P . . t wo s
q u ares .
Q l t ia alm os t a l wa y s had ph ’ to odm the Kt P . . “B . P inthe

.
early
'
u t ot the m
p ga e .
[ There is n
ot m m h b he la sn
ed fi u nthis m s or the m m
o nes .
7 .
Q . to K R . . t hird squa re
8 .
Q . Kt . to Q . B third sq
. .
g .
Q . to K . t hi rd square
to .
11 .
Q . Kt . ta kes P . 11 .
Q .
QKt . to . B . t hird s q .
12 .
Q . B P ne squa re
. . o 12 .
Q B .to K t hird squ are
. .
1 3. Q . B P on
.e sq u a re : . 13 .
Q K t. to adv Q fou rt h eq
. . .
d r K K t fou rth sq
14 .
Q . to Q . B third squa re
. 14 .
Q m .a . . . .
1 5. K . cast les . 1 5. Kt . t o adv . K . seco nd sq .

,
Checks, a d w in
n s the Q .
M ea ty -
firs t Gi an
ts .
w a rn . m e n
.
K P . . t w o squ ares 1 . K P . tw o squ a res
K B . .
Q B
to fou rt h s
q . . . 2 . K B . . to Q . B fou rth sq
. .
Q . to K seco nd square
. 3 .
Q . P . o ne squ are
Q . B P . . o ne squa re 4 .
Q . Kt . to Q . B . t hi rd sq .
K B P tw o squ a res
. . . 5 . K P ta kes P
. . .
§
K K t to K B t hird sq "
. . . . . 6 . K Kt P
. . . tw o squ ares !
Instcn
d of this m ove, Black ought to ta l e t he P with the . Kt .
t This a nd the s u cceedi ng m o ves are ver

y skilfu ll h
y p y cd .
t l f he w ere t o pla y t he K t to .
Q Kt
. . fourt h squa rc, y ou m '
t h ks it
$ 1 t wou ld he bett er t o ta ke the K K t

b
. .
P t w o squares w ou ld be ra ther etter

[IQ . . .
1 This is n ot a
good rno ve, the P ca nnot be defen
ded wit h . a fety. h¢
ought to pla y Q K t to K fo urth sq uare . . . .
cu m u lu s AT m u “m I 0" 07 l fll
‘ '
BLA CK
Os s ttioa ot tlj s N ews .
B LACK .
15 . K . to K B . . s uare
q
16 . K B
. . to a dv . K R fou rt h
. . 16 . K Kt. . to K B . . t hird sq
.
s
q nd.ch ecks w i t h K R
a . .
17 .
Q. B . to a dv . K R t hi rd
. . 17 .
Q . t akes Q . B .
s
qu a re
18 .
Q . ta kes Q .
, cheeks , a nd w ill w in .
“Q . to K . seco nd squ are
b K B . . ta kes K Kt . .
a
t K P . . ta kes P .
'
0
a nd checlts t
7 . K Kt P. . . o ne square 7 P ta kes P
. . .
8 . R . ta kes P . 8 . K Kt . . to K B . . t hi rd sq .
9 .
Q . Kt . to Q . B third sq
. . 9.
to . K B . . ta kes K B P . . . a nd 10 . K . ta kes K B . .
checks
11 .
Q . B . to adv . K K t fourth
. . 11 . K K t ta kes K R
. . . .
12 .
Q . to K B . . t hi rd sq a nd . 12 . K . to his K t . t hi rd squ are
checks
13 .
Q . B . ta kes Q . 13 . K . Kt . to K . R. fou rth
ua re
s
q
14 .
Q . K B fo u rt h s
t o a dv q . . . . 14 . K . to his R . t hird squ are .
and c hecks
15 .
Q . to a dv . K K t fo u rth squ are a nd checkrn
. . a tes .
B RO W NG A T " 8 roo m H OV! 0 " m L

B AC K .
l . K P l soo s9sra
. . a 1 . K P tm
. . s sta res
q
s K B to Q B fourtb sq
. . . . .
,
. e . K B to Q B fos rtl. sq
. . . .
,
.
3 Q s ecm d sqsm e 3 Q to K s econd s 9m

-
. . . .
4 . K B P
. . . l soo squ ares 4 . K P ta kes P4
. .
Q P . . n
o e s u are
q is a hetser rn
ove .
t P .
t l t is het ter t o ta ke tt . Kt . n
d thenpls ’ Q
a . P . n
s e s quare.
wm a .
22 . Kt . to adv .
Q . t hird squa re 22 . K to.
Q .
q
s uare
a n
d chec ks
23 .
Q . to adv . K .
q
s ua re a nd 23 . R . takes Q .
c hecks
24. Kt . to adv . K B . . seco nd squa re a nd checkrnates .
n
m m srrrtc A T T H E S IXT H M OV E O F T H E FIRST VA R IA TIO N .
1 K P h as squares
. . . l K P t wo s qua t s
. . .
2 K B to Q B f ow l /t s q
. . . . . . 2 K . Q B f osntls sytrtv e
. . .
'
3 Q to K s econ
. d s qua re
. . 3 .
Q . to K . s ew n
d squ sre
4 K B P t wo squares
. . . . 4 . K P ta kes P
. . .
5 . K K t to K B llsird rg
. . . . . . 5 K . . K t P t soo sqm
. .
6 .
Q . P . tw o sq u a res 6 . K B . . to adv .
Q . K t fo u rth
.
q s ua re a nd checks
7 .
Q . B P . . o ne squ are 7 . K B . . to Q R fo u rt h sq . . .
8 . K R P
. . . t w o sq ua res 8 . K B . . P on q
e s u a re
.
9 K R
. P ta kes P. . . .
9 P . . ta kes P .
10 K Kt P on
. e s ua re
q
. . . 1 0 P to adv K K t fo u rt h sq
. . . . . .
11 . K Kt. . t o adv . K fo u rt h sq
. . 11 . P . to adv . K B . . t hird s
q .
12 .
Q . to K . t hi rd sq ua re 12 . K Kt . . to K B . . t hi rd sq .
13 . K Kt. . to a dv . K Kt . . t hird 13 .
Q . to K Kt . . seco nd squa re
q s uare
14 K K t
. . . ta kes K R . . 14 .
Q . takes K Kt . .
1 5. K P . . o n
e s u a re
q 15 . K Kt . . to i ts squa re
16 .
Q . t o a dv K K t fo u rt h sq
. . . . 16 . K Kt . . to K secon d square
.
17 .
Q . to a dv K R fou rt h sq
. . . . 17 . K . to Q . s u a re
q
a nd chec ks
18 .
Q . ta kes K R P . . . 18 .
Q . ta kes Q .
You m ight also play K K t . . to a dv . K fourth square

. .
K taku .
Q . 1 9. Q . P . n
o e squ are ’
K . P one square
. 20 .
Q . P . one s u are 1
q
~
R . to adv . K . R
.
q
s u are 2l . K Kt . . to i ts square
a nd checks
22 . 22 . K to his squ a re
. .
s ua re a
q nd checks
R . ta kes Kt . a nd checkm a tes .
T H IR D V A R IA T IO N , 1
m 0 AT m“ 0 3 TH I 0 “ 0? TB . l IC OK D VA l l A Tl ON .
1 . K P . . t wo sgm res l . K P t wo q uo t es
. .
2 . K B . “ 2 . K Q B j ourtlt sysrare
. . .
3 . Q s - ew n
d squars 3 .
Q . to K . sew n
d sgssare
4 . K B P . t wo sgrta res
. . 4 . K P ta kes P
. . .
5 . 5 K Kt P l soo sy ste m
. . . .
6 .
Q P . . t soo sgsra res 6 K B to a dv Q K t m
. . . . . .
q
s u a re a n
d checb
7 . Q B P . . . n q
o c s ua re 7K B to Q R f osrrds sq
. . . . . .
8 K Kt P o n
. e s ua re
q . . .
9 . K Kt . . to adv . K K t fou rth

. .
9 K Kt
. . . to K R third sq
. . .
1 0. Q . B . ta kes P . 10 . K B P
. . . o ne squa re
11 . K . cas t les 11 . P. ta ke
s K K t . .
12 .
Q . B . ta kes P . 12 .
Q . to K Kt . . seco nd sq .
K t hi rd squa re 13 K Kt to its square

13 .
Q . to . . . .
1 4. K R . . to adv . K B . . seco nd 14 .
Q . to K Kt . . t hi rd square
‘
It w u ld he hette r to play this P two squa res . .
'
va ria t iu nia ex trern w ell play ed by t he W hit e
'
t l his ely .
w a rn .
Q . to K B fou rt h squ are

. . 15 .
Q . P . n
o e squ are
16 . K . to Q . seco nd squa re
checks
K B . . to adv . K B . . seco nd 17 .
Q . to K Kt . . seco nd square
s u are
q
K B . . to adv . K squ are and 18 . K . to his third squ are .
checks.
Q . P . o ne squa re a nd checkm a tes .
B EGINN IN G A T T H E F IFT H MV O E 0 ? T B ! ru m VA RIA T ID' .
l . K P . . t wo q s u a res l . K P t wo s qua re:

. .
2 . K B to
. .
f Q B .
q . ourt h s u a re 2 . K B to Q B f ourtls sq
. . . . .
3 . Q . to K s econ
. d s qua re
4 . K B P t wo s qua res
. . . 4 . K P l a kes P
. . .
5 . K K t to K B third s q
. . . . . 5 . K Kt . . to K B t hird sq
. . .
6 .
Q . P . t w o squ a res 6 . K B . . t o adv .
Q . K t fou rt h
.
q s ua re a nd checks
7 .
Q . B P . . o ne square 7 . K B . . to Q R fo u rt h.s
q . .
8 . K P . . o ne squa re 8 . K Kt . . t o K R fo u rt h s
q . . .
9 K cas tles
. .
9 . K . cas tl es
1 0 K K t to K
. . . .
q
s uare 1 0. Q . to adv . K B fou rt h sq
. . .
11 K Kt to Q t hird squ a re 11 K Kt P t w o s u ares

. . . . . . . .
q
12 .
Q . Kt . to Q . seco nd sq . 12 .
Q . B P . . o ne square
13 .
Q . Kt . to K fou rt h squ a re
. 13 . K . to
Q . R . squ are
14 .
Q . Kt . to adv .
Q . t hird s
qt
. 14 .
Q . Kt . to Q . R t hird sq . .
15 .
Q . Kt . t o a dv . K B fo u rt h sq w in
. . s the .
Q nd t he p
. a ru e.
‘
The reaso nthis m ove is rn
a defi s to reven
p t t he Whi te from ta kin
g t he
K t wi th the
.
t The si ura tionof t his K n

ight is su fi cie nt to decide the ‘
m infi m
g e
a
of t he White .
B KGII I IB G A T T “ Tm V
I O I 0? m a ro o m VA IIA TIOI .
w a rm . nu ca .
13 . K K t t o i ts
. . seco nd square
1 4. K Kt. . ta kes P . 14 . P ta kes K K t
. . .
15 . R . ta kes P . 15 .
Q . to K . seco nd square
16 .
Q . Kt . to adv . K B . . thi rd 16 . K . to his R . s u are.
q
square a nd checks
17 .
Q . foto
u rth s
qu a rK
e, a n
.d w il l c heckm at e a t a dv. K R
. .
second square, o r w ill gainthe Q .
mum mthanGums .
K P . . t w o squares K P . . o ne squ are

Q . P . t wo s u ares
q
K B . . to Q . t hird square
K .
t o K B . . t hi rd sq . K B . . to K . seco nd squ are
K R P tw o squ ares
. . . K . ca s t les
K P o ne squ a re 1
. .
'
K Kt . . to Q . fo u rth square
K B . . ta kes K R P . . . a nd K . ta kes K B .
:
c hec ks
9 This a n
d t he fl owin
g m oves of t he W hi te are extrem el w ell la ed
y p y .
3 Shoul d he refu se to t a ke B y ou m ust still play K K t to . . . his K K t. .
fou rt h square, inorder to la afterwards

p y Q to adv K R fourth sq dw . . . .
(Or A )
W H IT E .
9 K to K R third q u a"
. s . s
10 . Kt . ta kes K . ndc hecks

BP . . a 1 0 K to K R sec on
. . d squ a re . . .
11 . Kt . ta kes Q a nd w i
. l l w i n .
B EG IN N IN G A T T H E N INT H N O “ OF T H E B L ACK .
K P t wo s qua res K P n q
M
1 . . . 1 . . . o e s u are
2 .
Q P t wo s quares
.
. 2 . K K t to K B
. . . . s
q .
3 K . . B . to Q third squa re
. 3 . Q Kt. . to Q B . . third sq .
4 . K K t to K B
. . . . t hird s qua re 4 . K B to K
. . . s eco n
d squa re
5 . K R P . . t wo s
qu aret 5 K . . cas tl e:
6 . K P . . n q
o e s ua re 6 K K t to Q
. . .
J ou rth s
'
q
ua re
7 . K . B ta ka
. K R P . . . a nd 7 . K ta kes K B
. . .
checks
8 . K K t to a ds K Kt f ou r”
. . . . . . 8 . K B ta kes K K t
. . . .
9 K R P
. . . . ta kes K . B . a nd 9 K to K K t
. . . . t hi rd sqtnre
checks
IO .
Q . to adv . K R fo u rt h sq
. . . 10 . K to K B fou rt h squ a re
. . .
a nd chec ks
11 .
Q . t o adv . K R . . seco nd sq . H . K Kt P
. . . o ne squ a re
a nd chec ks 0
12 .
Q . to K R . . t hi rd sq . a nd 12 . K . to adv . K fo u rt h sq
. .
c hec ks
13 .
Q . to Q . t h ird squ a re a nd checkm a tes .
1 his is a us e ess l m o ve, y ou shou ld check w it h the Q . at K R third

. .
squ a r
e, &c . as Bla c k ca nn
ot pla
y K . to his K t t hird s q uare w ithou t bein
.
g
c he ckm a ted o nt he mo s e .
Mm u -
fourth Gums .
w a rn . a u cx .
l K P tw o squa res
. . . I .
Q. Kt P . . o ne squ are '
2 Q P t w o squ a res
. . . 2 .
QH B to Q . Kt . seco nd sq .
3 .
Q. Kt . to Q H B t hi rd sq .
4 .
Q . B . to K . t hird squa re 4 . K Kt P
. . . o ne squ are
5 . K B P
. . . t w o sq ua res 5 . K B . to K Kt . . s eco nd sq .
6 K Kt
. . . to K B . . t hird sq . 6 . K Kt . . to K B . . t hird sq .
7 Q B
. P tw o s
.
qua res .
7 K . ca s t l es . . .
8 Q K t to Q B t hird squa re, an

. . .d afterw a rds cas tl in
.
g o nt he
.
Q s i de, a nd a dva nc i
. ng t he P a w ns o n t h e K R s ide, w il l . .
w i nt he ga m u t
V A R IA T IO N ,
BE IN G AT “8 T H IRD I OVB 0 , mL B A CK .
1 . K P t wo squcres
. . 1 .
Q Kt P . . . orse s uore
q
2 .
Q P . . t wo s qua res 2 .
Q B . . to Q Kt . . seco n
d sq .
3 K B P t w o squ a res
. . . .
4 . K P . . ta kes K B P . . . A .
Q . B . ta kes K Kt P
. . .
5 .
Q .K R fourth sq
to a v d . . . . 5 K . K t P i nterpos es
. .
and checks
M is d so a ha d m et hod of opm ing t he gm e .
f Black has eerta in ly a wea k gam e, his piew- are em fin

ed, a n
d the
adv- es d t KL P . nhle you easily
v ill er t o b reak th Mgh hi s Ps m
m me d ide .
wa rt s .
( Of A )
L
B AC K .
8 .
Q . B P . . o ne squ are .
9 K R
. . . to K . s
q ua re a nd w il l w i nt he Q.
flaunts sixth Gi an
-
ts .
1 . K P . . t wo squa res 1 . K P
. . t wo sq ua re!
2. K B. . P tw o squ ares
. 2 . K B . . to Q . B fou rthas q
.
!
3. Q P
. . n
o e sq u a re
4. Q . B P . . o ne squ a re 4 .
Q. to K . seco nd squ are
5 .
Q . P . t w o squ ares 5 . K P
. . ta kes Q . P .
6 P . . ta kes P . 6 .
Q . ta kes K P . . a nd checks f
7 . K . to his B . seco nd sq t . 7 . K B
. . to adv .
Q . K t fou rth
‘
.
q s u a re
8.
Q . R P . . o ne squa re 8 K B. . . to
Q . R fo u rt h sq
. .
9 .
Q . Kt P . . t w o sq ua res 9 K.B to
. .
Q . K t t hi rd sq
. .
1 0 K to his B
. . . or to Q
. s
q .
squa re a nd checks ( Or A )
11 K R to K q u a re
. . 11 Q
. . . . to K B fo u rt h sq ua re
. . .
12 R to adv K square an
. . d checkm a tes . . .
( Or A )
10 .
Q. B P . . n
o e squ are
ll . K R . . to K . s ua re a
q nd will ga int he Q .
l t h b st sa to u ke tse l s wn ’
.
1 m Black loses the gam e hy t his m ove ; he oq ht to ha ve chq :hd

vhh t he L B .
3l ny
a l
p ya ers w k this a ha d m ove, s n
ou ld t hin d in st ea d of i t wou ld
il srps s e the lfi n
or t he Q ; t he rem ai n
ing m o ves
. sh e- h ow de c idedly
W fly h h K in t k cam a w id t he loss
‘
b m the u m w ot s
g
s
e
r e s . K Kt . . to K B t hird sq
. . .
'
“
w N 0 wE a 3 P ta kes P
.
o "
1 S 1
8 .
. . .
n G K I fo u rt h
s
o ‘.t w o squa res 40 K B t o . . l dV .
Q . .
squa re
t
» a ° 5 .
a o
t
s
4
P 3
5 5 6 .
Q . Kt . to Q . B . t h ird sq .
7 . K P . . o ne square 7 .
Q . Kt . ta kes Q . P .
8 . P . ta kes K Kt . . 8 . Kt . ta kes Q .
g P . . ta kes Q . 9 .
Q . Kt . takes Q . Kt .
10 .
Q . R P . . o ne squ are 10 . K B . . to Q . R fo u rt h s q
. .
11 .
Q . B . to Q . seco nd square a nd w ill wi n .
V A R IA T IO N
a ao u t su no A l
‘ ‘
m x am m no va or m a a u cx .
1 . K P l wo rquores
. . l K P t wo squares
. . .
2 . K B P . . . t wo
q s ua res 2 K K t to K B third s
. .
q . . . .
3 . Q Kt . . to Q B third 39. . . 3 P ta kes P

. . .
4 . Q P . . t wo s u a res
q 4 . K B . . to a dv .
Q K t f ourth
. .
5 . K B . . to Q t hird s quare
. 5 .
Q . to K . s eco n
d s qua re
6 Q K nd s qu are Q Kl Q B th rd squa re
'
. . to . seco 6 . . . to . .
7 . K P . . n qua re
o es 7 . K Kt . . to Q . fo u rt h squa re
8 .
Q . B . to Q . seco nd sq ua re 8 .
Q . Kt . ta kes P4
It is b et ter p y to ta ke t he Pa w n
la .
f 1 his is n
ot well pla ed
y it wou ld be better to excha n
ge Knights.
w a rn . L
B A CK .
15 .
Q . B . ta kes K Kt . . 15 . K B takes. .
Q . B .
16 . K Kt . . to a dv . K B . . t hird 1 6. K . to K B . . squ a re .
nd c hecks
squ a re a
17 . K t ta kes Q a n.d w il l . w in .
n
Guny n
inth G m -
.
l . K P . . t wo squares K
2 . K B P . . . tw o sq uares K
3 . K Kt . . to K B t hird sq
. . . K
4 . K B . . to Q B fo u.rt h s
q . . K .
5 .
Q . P . tw h squares .
Q ne s
.
qu P
a re . o
6 .
Q K h . to Q . B . t hird squ Q B P o ne s
qua.re .
. K R P . . . n q
o e s u are
8 . P . ta kes P . P ta kes P
. .
M
9 . R . t akes R . K B ta kes R
. . .
10 K K t to adv K fourth sq
. . . . . .
‘ .
Q . P . takes K K .
i t .
Q . to adv . K R fourth sq
. . . 11 .
Q . to K B . . t hird squ a re
12 .
Q . P . ta kes P . 12 .
Q . to K Kt . . seco nd squ a re
1 3 P to
. . a dv. K . t hird sq u a re 13 . K Kt . . to K B . . t hird s
q .
1
14 . P . ta kes K B P . . . a nd checks 14 . K . to K B . . sq ua re §
“i m rs nd m ay be ven
ove is gs t a ni n
ture d ap i n
ineniou s ferior play er a
“
“
, ,
ltd the B la ck pla y pro perly W hite wi ll lose the ga me , .
M
0 It wou ld be bad pla y to ta l e the K L wit h tha B .
t m i ght also pla y ,

13 .
Q B . . t a kes P .
1 4 K B ta kes
. . .
Q . B . 1 4 K K t to K B t hird squa re
. . . . .
1 5. 15 K
. K B squa re
. to . .
1 6. Q . ru n
oves . 1 6 Ta kes K B an
. d has the best of . .
the gam e.
S Int ha firt varia tio nthe K is moved m hi s

. seco n
d square , which is
W H KIB ‘ '
. B LA C K .
15.
Q . B . P . at x . B . 15. x K.
. .
Q .
fo u rt h squ a re
1 6 Q B to a dv Q t hird sq ua re
. . . . . a nd checkm a t et .
F IR T S VA RI T I A ON ,
B EG IN N IN G A T T H E ‘ O U RT B B N T H ”0 7 ! OF T H E B A C K L .
”na ti onof ti) : t um .
14 . K . to K . s eco nd sq ua re
13 .
Q . to K . seco nd sq ua re 15 .
Q . B to K
. . t hi rd squ are ?
If t he P. ta ke t he Q B W hit e w ill checkm ete w ith the Queen

. . .
t This io n
ot e
good m o re
; i t wonld be het ter to ph y t he BJo edv .
K K t tourt h aqua re
. .
BLA C K .
6
7 .
Q . P tw o squ ares
. 7 . K B . . to K . nd squa re
seco
8 .
Q . B ta kes Ga m b it P
. . 8 . K B . . ta kes K R P an. d . .
checks
9 K K.t P . . . o ne squa re 9 . K E to K K t fou rth sq

. . . . .
10 . 10 .
11 . P . t a kes K B . . 11 .
Q . P . o ne squa re
rs . K Kt . . ta kes K Kt P . . . 12 .
Q . B . t a kes K Kt . .
13 .
Q . ta kes Q . B . 13 K . . K t ta kes .
Q .
14 . K R . . ta kes R . a nd checks 14 . K . to K . second squa re

15 K . . R . ta kes Q . 15 . K . ta kes K R . .
16 . K B ta kes K B P
. . . . . 16 .
Q . Kt . to Q . B . t hird sq .
17 .
Q . B P. . o ne squ a re 17 . K . to K . seco nd square
18 . K B to
. .
Q . Kt . t hird sq . 18 . K Kt. . to adv . K . t hi rd sq t .
1 9 K to K B
. . . . seco nd sq ua re 19 . K Kt. . to a dv . K K t fo u rt h
. .
s
q uare a nd chec ks .
20 K to K B t hird squa re
. . . . a nd w ill w in .
whin
y firs t G ame - .
1 . K . r K P tw o squ a res
.
2 . K . 2 . K P ta kes K B P
. . . . .
3 K N t to K B t hird sq
. . . . . .
4 . K . w to Q
. . B fou rt h sq
. .
§ 4 K Kt P
. . . t w o squares
5. K P R t w o squares
. . 6 K B P
. . . o ne square l]
Q P n . .is prefera le
o e s qu are b .
t This s n
d t he next m ove of t he Black a re oom plet el
y lost m oves , it
would be better to pley tbe B ; t k ha g however, s bn d gum e . .
3 This i s ot so good e m ove s s K K h Po

rr s qua res .
wa r n . m n
e .
11 . K . to K B . . seco nd squ are 11 .

Q . to Q . B . t hird squ are
12 .
Q . tu Q . third squ a re
1 3. K B to adv
. . .
Q . K t fo u rt h squa re an
. d w il l wi nt he Q
.
S E C ON D VA RI TI A ON ,
B EG IN NIN G A T arm mL
”0 7 ! 03 B AC K .
1.K P t wo s qua res

. . l K P t wo s qrta res
. . .
2 K B P t wo s quares
. . . . 2 K P takes K B P
. . . m
3 K . . K t to K B thi rd s q
. . . .
8 .
4 . K B to Q B
. . . .
f ourth s
q . 4 . K Kt P
. . . t wo squa res
5 K R P t wo s quares
. . . . 5 .
6 K K t ta l es K K t P
. . . . . . 6 .
7 .
Q . t o a dv . K R fo u rth sq
. . . 7 . K . to Q . s
qua re
a nd checks
8 . K Kt. . to adv . K B . . seco nd 8 . K . to K . square
squa re a nd c hecks
9 K . . Kt . ta kes K . R . a nd 9 K . . to Q .
q
s ua re
c hecks w ith the Q .
10 . K Kt. . t o adv . K B . . seco nd 1 0 K to. . his square

s quare a nd checks
11 . K Kt. . ta kes K R P . . . a nd 11 . K . to Q . square .
c hecks
rs . K Kt. . takes Kt . a nd w il l w in.

F I R T V RI T I S A A ON ,
B EGINN IN G A T 7 3 8 m om I GVB 0 B T IIB B L AC K .
w a ne .
1 . K P
. . t wo squ a res 1 K P t wo sqa ares
. . .
2 K B P t wo squa res
. . . . 2 K P ta k s P
. . . .
3 K K t to K B thi rd sq
. . . . . . 3 K K t to K
. . . . s ecea d s qrr- e
4 K R P t wo s quares
. . . . 4 . K R Po
. . s r res
q n
K K t Jo its tb rd sqs-n
'
5 K B to Q B f ourth sq
. . . . . . 5 . re
6 K Kt
. . . to a dv. K K L fourtlt
. 6 . K K t tO K f ou rtls sqw
. . . e
s ua re
q
7 . K B to Q K t third sq
. . . . .
7 . K B P
. . . n q
o e s ua t
8 . K Kt. . to K R third sq. . . 8 . K Kt P . . . t w o squa res
9 P . . t a kes P .
g P ta kes P
. . .
10 .
Q . P . t w o sq ua res 10 . K . Kt . to K . B . sew nd
s u a re
q
11 . K Kt P
. . . o ne squa re 11 . P . ta kes P .
12 . K . B . ta kes K . Kt . a nd 12 . K . t a kes K B . .
c hecks
18 . K Kt . . ta kes P . a nd checks 13 . K . to K Kt . . t hi rd squ are
14 .
Q . to K B . . third s u a re
q 14 .
Q . to K B . . t hi rd square
15 .
Q . ta kes P . at K Kt . . t hi rd 15 .
Q . P . o ne squ a re
s
qu are
16 . K Kt . . to adv . K . t hird sq . 16 . K . to K B . . seco nd squ are

a nd c hecks Q w i th t he .
( Or A ) .
R K B square a nd wins t he Q
‘
17 . . to . . .
S ec o N D V RI T I A A ON ,
B EGIN N IN G A T T H E T H IRT E E N? “N OV! 0 ? T H B na n V A RIA TION.
Os s ttts ns t tbs Ott ers .
w a ne . nu t “ .
13 . Khis sq u a re
. to
14 . R
. ta kes P . 1 4 R ta kes B
. . .
15 .
Q . t a kes R . nd checks
a 15 . K . to K . seco nd squ a re
16 .
Q . t o adv . K B seco nd sq
. . . 16 . K . to Q . t hird s ua re
q
a nd chec ks
17 .
Q . to a dv.
Q . fo u rt h s
q . 17 . K . to his seco n
d squ are .
a nd checks
18 .
Q . to a dv . K fou rt h sq ua re a n
. d checkm a tes .
T H IR D V RI T
A A IO N ,
W INNING AT TK B m om m a I OVB 0 ! T H E S EC O N D VA RIA TION .
l os it is u at the Ott ers .
wa r n. a u ca .
14 . R . to K Kt . . sq u a re
Q K B t hird squ a re f
’
15 . sq . 15 . . to . .
W hite wou ld pla y b e tt er by m o vin

g Q
. to K B third square, Bla cl.
. .
15 .
Q . to K . seco nd square (Or A )
16 . R . t o a dv. K R
. . seco nd s qu a re 16. K B . . to K Kt . . secon
d sq ua re
17 .
Q . K R
t o a dv.
fo u rt
. h sq u.a re 1 7 K . . to K B . . square
and checks (cont inu ed)
a ek ou ght to take the K h wi th tb e Rooh

t BI .
m et .
8 .
Q. to adv K . . R fourt h sq
. . 8 . K . to his seco nd square .
9 .
Q. to adv . K fou rth squa re a nd checkm a tes
. .
fi btt tp s ixth Game -

.
1 . K P . . t w o squa res K P . . tw o squ a res
2 . K B P
. . . t w o squ a res K P ta kes P
. . .
3 K K t to
. . . K B . . t hird sq . K Kt P . . . t w o squa res
4 . K B . . to Q B. fou t
r h s
q
. . K Kt P . . . o ne s qu a re
5 . K . Kt . to adv K fo u rth . .
Q . to a dv K R fo u rth sq
. . . .
s
q ua re and c hec ks
6 K . . to his B .
q
s u a re K Kt . . to K B . . t hi rd sq .
’
7 . K B . . ta kes K B P . . . a nd K . to Q . squa rc I
c hecks ?
8 .
Q . P . t wo squ a res 8 . K Kt . . ta kes K P . .
9 .
Q . to K . seco nd squa re 9 K Kt
. . . to adv . K Kt . . t hird
s
q u are a nd checks
10 . K R P
. . . ta kes K Kt . . 10 .
Q . ta kes K R . . a nd c hec ks
11 . K . to his B . seco nd squ a re 11 . P ta kes P
. . a nd c hec ks
This mo ve is Salvio s, ’
a n
d the gam e is , therefore. ca lled Sa lvio s ’
Ganli t ; the m ove is in

geu io us,
t Inst ea d o f this m ove P hilido r directs t he W hite to play Q . to K . s

q .
w hich wou ld force the Black to excha n Q n Whi ld h nh

b ge u ee s , te wo u t e a ve
the est of t he
b
a m e.
g
3 Thi s is n
ot the est m ove ; n
K to his
d square is prefera ble as
. seco , rt
would ob lige the White to rem ove t he Bis hop inorder not to lose a piece .
Wll fl fl '
. B LA C K .
P Q t akes Q B !
12 . K . t a kes . 12 . . .
13 . K Kt . . to a dv .
Q . B . third 13 . Kt . or P . takes K Kt . .
q
s uare a nd checks
14 .
Q . to adv . K . s u a re a
q nd checkm ates .
mbm -
St bm tb G ums .
1 . K P . . tw o squ a res 1 . K P . . tw o squ ares
2 . K B P
. . . t w o squ a res 2 . K P . . ta kes K B P
. . .
3
:
y . B . to Q . B fo u rt h sq 1
. .
'
3 .
Q . to a dv. K R fou rt h sq
. . .
a nd chec ks
? :
g s 4 . K B . . to Q . B fo u rt h sq 1
. .
e
9 p t w o squ a res 5 K B to Q K t t hird sq
m
r . . . . . . .
K B t hird sq Kt fou rth

a
9 b t . to . . . 6 .
Q . to a dv . K . .
s u a re
q §
7 . K B . . t a kes K B P . . . a nd 7 . K . t a kes K B u . .
checks
8 . K Kt . . to adv . K fo u rth sq
. . 8 . K . to K B . .
q
s u a re .
a nd chec ks
9 K t takes
. .
Q . a nd w il l wi n .
This m ove is evide tl ny

nd seem s to ha ve eenm ade
a very ba d o n
e, a b
m erely t o gi ve t he W hi t e t he po wer of checkm a tin g in t w o m oves ; t he
B lack g h
ou t to ha ve play ed K B to K secon d sq u a re . . . .
9 This is n
ot so goo d a m o ve as K Kt
. . to K B . . t hird square .
1 Bl a c k loses t he ga m e by t his mo ve he o u ght to ha ve la ed K K t P

p y . . .
tw o squ a res
b
.
B la ck would pla y m u ch et ter b m ovin Q t o K R fourth s ua re

y g q . . . .
fl t he fourt h varia tionhe plays K to his B square

l u . . .
w a rm . B LA C K .
7 . K P o ne squ a re
. . 7 .
Q . to K B fou rt h squ are '
. .
8 K B to Q t hi rd square 8 Q to adv K K t fou rt h s ’

. . . . . . .
q . . .
9 K R P. . . . n
o e s u a re
q 9 .
Q t o
. ad v K . . Kt . th i rd s q .
‘
1 0 Q B to
. .
Q n d q
s u a re
. . seco 10 .
Q K . t to Q . . B . t hird sq .
11 .
Q B to K s ua re a n
.
q . d w il l . w in .
T H IR D V A RI TI A ON ,
I IGIN K ING A T T H E SIXT H I O VI OP T i l l L

B AC K.
1 K P t wo s quares
. . . 1 . K P t wo s p a
. .
-
es
2 K B P t wo s quares
. . . . 2 . K P ta kes P
. . .
8 . K B to Q B f ourth sq
. . . . . 3 .
Q . K R fi rm a
to adv. . .
-
s
q .
an
d checks
4 . K to K B
. . . s uare
q 4 . K B to Q B
. . . .
f our¢h sq .
5 . Q P . . t wo s
qua res 5 K B to. . .
Q Kt . .
q .
6 . K . K t to K B l htf d sq
. . . . 6 .
Q . to K . seco nd squ are
7 .
Q . B . t a kes P . 7 .
Q . ta kes K Pt. .
8 . K B . . ta kes K EP . . . a ndchecks 8 . K . to K B . . square
9 .
Q . B . to K Kt . . t hird s
q .
9 K Kt
. . . to K R . . t hi rd s q .
10 .
Q . Kt . to Q . B . th i rd s
q . 10 .
Q . to K . seco nd squ a re
11 . K B . . to Q K t . . t hi rd sq . 11 .
Q . B P . . o ne squa re
12 .
Q . to her t hird squa re 12 .
Q . P. t w o sq ua res
1 3. Q R . . to K . squ a re 13 .
Q . to K B . . seco nd squa re
14 .
Q B . . to adv. Q hi rd s.
q t . 14 . K . to K Kt . . squ a re
a nd c hec ks
15 . R . t o a dv K . seco nd squa re 15 .
Q . to K B . . t hird squ are
16 .
Q . Kt . t a kes Q . P . 16 .
Q . ta kes Q . B ( Or A ) .
17 . Kt . to a dv . K B . . th ird sq . 17 . K . to K B . .
q
s u are.
a nd c hecks
18 . R . t o a dv . K . s
q ua re a nd chec km ates .
in
He l
p ya mw o u ld
u ch etter b
y b su fierin
'
g t he Ga m it P b . to be t a ke n,
st ead of defendi n i i h h Q
b
g t w t t e .
t It would be et ter t o m ove Q P . . o ne square .

W 8 l TB . L
B A CK
16 . P ta kes
.
Q . Kt .
17 . K B takes P
. . . a nd checks 17 . K K t to K B
. . . . seco nd sq
.
( Os B) .
18. R . to adv . K . squa re a nd c heckm a tes .
0r B)
(
Oas it tsa at the vist as .
17 . K . to K B . . squa re
18 . R
. to adv . K B . . seco nd sq . 18 . K to his squa re
.
a nd checks
to . R
. ta kes Q . 19 . P. ta kes R .
20. Q
. to K t hird sq
. nd chec ks 20 K t o Q squa re
. s . . . .
21 .
Q . m adv . K secon
. d squa re a nd checkm at es .
Q
FOUR T H V RI T IA A ON ,
B BGl l l l l G A T T H E SW INT B I O" 0 ! TH . m et
L
.
B AC K .
1.K P t wo squa res

. . 1 . K P t wo s qs ans
. .
M
2 K B P t wo s qua res K P sa ba P
M
. . . . 2 . . . .
3 K . . B to Q B
. . .
f ourt h s q . 3 .
Q . (O K R . .
q .
a n
d checb
K to K B K B to Q B fi - fl sq
»
4 . . . . s ua re
q
h- . . . .
Q P t wo squ ares K B to Q K L q
t
5 . . . c . . .
6 K Ks to K B t hi rd sq
. . . . . . O
7 . K B sores K B P
. . . . . a nd “K . to K B . . squal e
8 . K R P
. . . n
o e squ a re 8 .
Q . to adv . K K t thi rd sq
. . .
9 .
Q . Kt . to Q . B . t hird sq .
9 K . . ta kes K B . .
10 .
Q . Kt . to K . seco nd squ are 10 .
Q . to K K t third s qu are
. .
11 . K . 11 . K to K B. . . squ are.
a nd checks
12 . Kt . ta kes Q .
, checks, a nd w ill w in .
1 K P t wo squares
. . . 1 . K P t wo sqm
. .
2 K B P t wo s qua res
. . . .
2 . K P takes P
. . .
3 K .
. B . to Q B fourth sq
. . . 3 . Q . to ads . K R f ossrth sq
. . .
a n
d checks
4 K to K B s ua re
q 4 K B to Q B f ourt h s .
q
. . . . . . . . .
5 .
Q P . . t wo s qua res 6 . K B to Q K t t hird sq
. . . . .
6 . K Kt . . to K B tq
. .
ua re 6 .
-
d sqm
7 . K Kt . . to adv . K fou rt h sq
. . 7. Q . P . tw o squ ares
s . K B ta kes
. .
Q . P .
8 .
Q . B . to K t hird squ a re
. .
9 . K B . . ta kes
Q . K t P will gainthe Q R
. . . . n
d t he gam e
a .
S E VE N T H V A R IA T IO N ,
BW M N II G A ? T !! u o nr w nm H O VB 0 ! I l l ! u
'
m va m
W h ol ly , “
WENT . L
B ACK .
18 . K Kt. . to K B . . seco nd 1 1
.
19 . K Kt. . to adv . K K t fou rt h

. . 19 . R. to i ts fou rth squ are
u a re
s
q
20 . K . B . t a kes K . Kt . a nd 20
‘
. K . to K R . . squ a re
c hecks
21 . K B . . ta kes P . 21 .
22 . K Kt . . to adv . K B . . seco nd 22 . K . to K Kt . . squ are.
q nd c hecks
s u a re a
23 .
Q B ta k
.es R a.nd w i ll w i n . .
16 .
Q . B . to adv . K Kt fo u rt h
. . 16 . K . to Q . seco nd square
q
s uare a nd checks
17 . K B . . to adv . K . t hird sq . 17 .
Q . ta kes K B . .
a nd chec ks
18 .
Q . to a dv .
Q . squa re a nd 18 . K . to Q . B . t hi rd squ are
c hecks
19 .
Q . P . o ne sq nd c hecks . a 19 .
Q . ta kes P .
P ta kes an h k K t a kes P
20 . .
Q d c .ec s 20 . . .
21 .
Q . K L to Q . B t hird squa re
. 21 . K . to his fou rth squ s re
a nd checks
22 .
Q . to adv . K . squ are a nd 22 . K . to adv .
Q . fou rt h squ at .
c hecks
23 .
Q . to K fo u rt h squa re, checks,
. a nd w ill w in .
r ru s r V RI T I
A A ON ,
BN IN N IN G A T T H E st m I OVB 0 ? TB ! B LA C K .
1 . K P t wo squa res
. . 1 K P t wo s qu a res
. . .
2 . K B P t wo s qua res
. . .
2 K P ta kes P
. . . .
3 K . . B to Q B f ourth sq
. . . . 3 .
Q . to a dv .
K R . .
f aul t /t sq .
4 . K to his B
. .
q
s u are 4 .
Q P . . n quare
o es
5 . K Kt. . to K 8 third square

. . 5 .
Q B . . to a do .
K Kt f our . . “
6 .
Q P . . t wo squares 6 .
Q . to K B
. . t hird squ a re
7 . K P . . ne squa re
o 7 .
Q . to K R thi rd squ are
. .
8 . K Kt. . P on e s uare
q . 8 .
Q . to a dv . K B . . t hird sq .
a nd checks
9 K . . to his B . seco nd squa re 9 P . . ta kes P . a nd checks
10 P . . ta ke
s P . 10 .
Q . B . t a kes K Kt . .
11 .
Q . ta kes Q . B .
’
11 .
Q t o
. her seco nd squ are
( Or H)
Oos it tou at the 9 a m

'
W H IT E . B ACKL .
20 . K . to Q . B . seco nd squ are

Kt . t o a dv .
Q . B . s
q . a nd 21 . K . to Q.
q
s ua re
c hec ks w it h B
Q . .
R .
qto Q
. s u a re a nd c hecks 22 . K . to his squa re
Q t
.o a dv K R fo u r
.t h sq . . . 23 K . . to his B squ are . .
an d c hecks
Q . to a dv . K B . . seco nd squ are a nd checkm a tes .

S I \ T } I V A R IA T IO N ,
A T d i l l: F O L l l 1 ‘l U ‘ E O F T H E B LA f fi
St e t he p recedi n
g Di a ra m
g
m 8 . B A CK L .
14 .
Q . to a dv . K R . . t hird sq
.
Q . ta kes K B . nd chec ks . a 1 5 K to
. .
Q . seco nd squ are
Q . to a dv . K B seco nd sq
. . . 16 . K . to Q . B . t hi rd square
a nd c hec ks
B u rt h s ua re K nd sq “
Q .
Q f
to
o q . . 17 . . to Q. seco uare
and c hecks
K B to . . a dv. K . t hird sq . 18 .
Q . takes K B . .
a nd c hecks
Q . t a kes Q nd c hecks
. a 19 . K . ta kes Q .
K . ta kes R a nd w ill w in
. .
fl irty n
inth Gi an
-
n
1 . K P . . tw o s u a res
q 1 . K P . . tw o squares
2 . K B P. . . tw o squa res 2 . K P . . ta kes P .
3 K B to
. . .
Q . B fo u rt h sq
. . 3 K B to K
. . . . seco nd square f
If t he B la ck is Ki n t o Q K t i d W him
b
la
p y h g t h
w e re t o
r s
qu a re,
. .
shou ld chec k w i t h Q a t her K t fo u rt h s ua re, O li in B lac k t o reti re to

q g g . .
Q B thi rd sq u a re, ( fo r i f he pla y ed K t o Q R third sq ua re he wou ld he

. . . . .
Checkm a t ed i nt w o m o ves , ) t hena dvance Q P . . nq

o e s uare, a nd afiu wardl
l
p y
a K B t o.a dv K t
. hi rd s u are
q . . winning t he Q .
t It is bett er to check wi th the Q .
squa res .
D E FE N C E T O T H E KIN G S GAI BIT ’
.
f orty- firs t (Ham .
s u e: HA V IN G ru nru n I OVL
K P . 1 . K .
K B P
. . . t wo squa re s 2 . K .
. K Kt . . to K B . . t hird sq . 3 K . .
. K B . . to Q B fo u rt h s
.
q . . 4 . K .
. K Kt. . t o adv K fo u rt h sq . . . 5 .
Q . to a dv . K R fou rt h sq
. .
a nd checks
K . to K B . . squ a re 6 K Kt
. . . to K B . . t hird sq .
‘
. K Kt . . ta kes K B Par . .
7 .
Q . P . t w o squ a res
K 8 . K Kt. . ta kes Q . B .
K 9 K K t t o K B third sq
. . . . . .
. K P . . one squ are 1 0 K K t to a dv K fo u rth sq

. . . . . .
.
Q . to K seco n.d square 11 . Kt . to a dv . K Kt . . t hi rd sq
a nd checks
12 . K R P takes K K t
. . . . . 12 .
Q . takes K R . . a nd checks
13 K . . to his B . seco nd squ are . 13 . K B . . to Q . B fourt h sq ,
. .
c hecks, a nd w ill w in .
0
m . is Sa l vio s move ; i t is b et t er t o pla y the K t to K B third
’
. . .
s quare.
1 This ba d n should K n
d he woulrl
’
u a r ov e ; he pla y Q to . . s
quare a .
t he nhave t he best of t he ga m e.
f orty -
m ous Gi an
ts .
m e n
. sm u t .
I . K P
. . t w o squa res 1 . K P tw o squ ares
. .
2 . K B P
. . . tw o squa res 2 . K P ta kes P
. . .
3 K Kt
. . . to K B
.
. . t hi rd sq . 3 K K t P t w o squares
. . . .
4 . K B to . .
Q B fou r
.t h s
q . . 4 . K Kt P
. . . o ne squ a re
5 K Kt to a dv K fo u rth fi 5 K Kt to K R q t hird s ‘
‘
. . .
:
. . . . . . .
6 K K t ta kes K K t P4
. . . . . 6 .
Q . to a dv . K R fo u rt h sq
. . .
a nd c hec ks
7 . K Kt
. . to K B . . seco nd sq .
7 .
Q . P . t w o sq u a res
3 K B ta kes
. . .
Q . P 1 . 8 .
Q . B . t o a dv. K K t fo urth
. .
s
q nd
. w i l l w i
a nt he am e
g .
F IR T S V A R IA T IO N ,
BE GIN N UCG A T T H E S IGHT S I OV B 0 ? T B . B A CK L .
1 . II P t wo s qua re:
. . 1 . K P t wo t ow
. . n
2 . K B P t wo squa res
. . . 2 . K P ta kes P
. . .
3 K K t to K B
. . . . . third sq . 3 K K t P two s qua res
. . . .
4 K B to Q B f orsrt h sq
. . . . . . 4 K K t P on
. e a
m : . . .
5 K K t t o a dv K f ourtlt so
. . . . . . 5 . K K t to K R third sq
. . . . .
6 K Kr
. . . sa t e: K Kr P . . . 6 . Q . to a dv. K R f ourth t o
. . .
7 . K K t to K B
. . . . seco n
d sq . 7 Q P t wo s quares
. . .
8 . K P
. . takes Q . P . 8 Ga m bit P on
. e s uare
q .
l t is bett er pls y t o check wi th the Queen .
M
t Q P . . t wo squa res is t he p p
ro e r m ove .
t d dfia m b m ght to ph y x l to k m d square ; y ou

wou ld, however, ha ve m uch the best of the ga me .
s u es . w ru n
9 . K B . . to a dv .
Q . K t fou rt h
.
9.
Q . B P . . n
o e square
s
q u are a nd checks
10 . P . ta kes Q . B P . .
Q . to K . seco nd square an
d
checks
11 . K . to K B . .
q
s u are P . ta kes K . Kt . P
. n
d
a
checks
K takes P K K fo u rt h sqm r
12 . . .
Q . t to e . .
and checks
13 K to K B
. . . .
q
s ua re
Q . ta kes K B .nd checks . a
1 4. Q . P . o ne squa re Kt . ta kes P and will win

. .
S E C O N D VA RI T I A ON ,
DEGl N N l N G A T T H E SIXT H I O “ 0 ? T B ! w nm .
1 K P t wo s quares
. . .
2 K B P t wo s qua res
M
. . . . .
3 K . . K t to K B . . .
4 . K B to Q B
. . . .
f ourth s
q
.
5 . K Kt. . to a dv . K f ossrtls sq
. .
7 .
Q . t akes K Kt . .
8 .
Q . ta kes Ga m bit P .
g .
Q . to a dv . K fo u rt h square
.
a nd checks
10 .
Q . ta kes K R . . 10 .
Q . to adv . K R fou rt h so
. .
a nd checks
11 . K . to K B . . squ are 11 .
Q . t o adv. K B fou rt h sq
. .
a nd checks
12 . K to K K t
. . . squ a re 12 .
Q . ta kes K P . .
13 . K R P
. . . o ne squa re 13
.
Q . B . to Q . fo u rt h squ are
14 .
Q . to a dv . K Kt . . s uare
q 14 . K B P tw o squ ares
. . .
B a dv . K K t fo u rt h 3t h l\ t tnu rt lt
Q . to . . to
Q
'
s
qu a re s
q ua re
9 .
Q . R P . . o ne squ a re Q 9 .
Q . t a kes . Kt Rt
1 0 .
Q . Kt . to Q R fo u rt h s u a re a n
.
q
. d w i ns t he Q .
Q UEE N S
'
GA M B IT .
n
ir y fif
oth charm - .
I Q . P two squares
. 1 .
Q . P . t wo squ a res
s .
Q . B P two squ ares
. . 2 . P . ta kes P .
3 K P
. . . o ne squa re } 3 .
Q . Kt P . . tw o squ ares §
4 Q . R P . . t w o s u a res
q 4 .
Q . B P . . o ne squ a re
5 .
Q R .
5 Q K B t hird s u a re a nd i ns t he R
t o. . .
q w Q .
m
fi y slixth Gi a n
ts - .
1 .
Q . P tw o squa res
. 1 .
Q . P . t w o squares
2 .
Q . B P t w o squ a res
. . 2 .
Q . P . ta kes P .
K B P
. . . n
o e squa re is a b ett er m o ve .
i If in st ead o f ta king t h e P he l
p y
a Q t o Q . . . R fou rth squ are. by
. a do
n
’
Q P i a piece
b
vaucm
g K t t w o sq u a res
.
y ou w il l ga . . .
3 It is ett er t o play this P t wo squares

b
. .
5 B lack loses t he gam e by this move ; t he Gam it Pawncann

o t be
a w fullyhe sho u ld ha ve play ed K P t wo s quares

su pport ed, . . .
Black m a y sa ve Q R by play in g Q B to Q K t second s qu are, . . . . . . or
Q . K t to Q B thi rd square ; he m ust, however, lose a piece

. . . .
wm ‘
rx.
19 .
Q n.
q Kt P
e s ua re . . o 19 .
Q . R P . . t w o squares '
R P on 20 P takes P
20 .
Q e s u a re
.
q . . . . .
21 . P . ta kes P . 21 . R. t o adv .
Q . R squ are sn
. d
c hec ks
22 . K . to K B . . seco nd squ a re 22 . R . to a dv .
Q . B . square
23 . K . to K Kt. . sec o nd squ are 23 . K t ta kes

.
Q B . .
24 . P . ta kes Kt . 24 .
Q . Kt P . . o ne squ a re
25 . K Kt . . to K . seco nd squ a re 25 .
Q R . . to a dv .
Q . B. seco n
d
q
s u a re
26 . K . to K B . . seco nd squ a re 26 . P . to a dv .
Q . Kt . t hird sq .
27 . R . to Q . Kt . s
q u a re 27 . P . t o adv .
Q K t . . seco nd s ]
28 . K . to his sq ua re ‘
28 . K B P . . . o ne squ are
99 .
K . to
Q .
q
s ua re R . t o a dv .
Q . B fo u rth sq
. .
30 . R . ta kes P . 30 . K . to K B . . seco nd square

31 . R . to a dv .
Q . Kt . seco nd sq . 31 . K . to his t hi rd squ a re .
a nd c hec ks
32 . R . t o a dv . K . seco nd sq ua re a nd chec km a t es ; b u t if t he Black
ha d pla yed K . to K B . .
q
s ua re, W hite w o u ld ha ve advan
ced
t he P . o ne squa re ga ining t he , Kt an d t he ga m e
. .
does not
It wou ld be l
p ya Q K t t o i t sbt hird sq u are, an
ett er to
t a ke t he K t it shou ld be la ed t o adv Q B fou rt h s uare

d if White . .
p y .
q . . . .
THE BE T MH DET O Y
OF PLA IN G PA WNS A N D THE K ING
A T THE EN D OF THE GA M E .
’
Oos ittott at the N ews

’
mn e .
1 .
Q . R P
. . tw o squa res 1 . K . to Q seco
. n d squ a re
2 .
Q . R P
. . o ne squ are 2 . K . to Q B . t hird.s
q u a re
11ti s si tnation if w e ll la ed, is a dra wn a m e ; t be m ethod of dra w

, p y g
in it i fix b th l rs t o lt eep on e of t he Pa wn
s u nm oved, for he who
g s o p y
a e
m a ll his Pawn s first will los e, becaus e his adveru r cangaint he m o ve

y
by adva cin ng t he unmoved Pawnone or two squa res .
S E C O N D S IT U A T IO N .
W H IT E T O I OVB, A N D TO C H EC BI A TI l l ra m I OVB .
Oos it iott at the Oiu ss .
W 8 IT E B LAC K .
1 . K Kt
. . t o adv . K K t fo u rt h
. . 1 . R . ta kes K Kt . .
squa re a nd c hecks
2 . K R
. . to adv . K B . . third 2 . K . ta kes K R . .
s u a re a
q nd c hecks
3 .
Q R
. . to a dv.
Q. t hird square a nd checkm a tes .
T H IR D S IT U A T IO N .
“HIT ! TO l OVl A ND TO C H IOK I A TB m m

L
BLA C K IN r a I OVIO,
O N C ON DIT IO N O F P A Y IN G B I. m ucus A LT ERN A T ILY .
“(ti es of ti e Ott ers .
w a rns . a u cx .
1 . K . to hi s squ are
2
.
q
s . 2 .
3 .
Q
. R .
'
to s dv .
Q .
q
suare a nd checkm a tes '
The checkm at e m a y also be given by pla y in g

aft erwa rds cheekm at in
g wi tb t he K R . .
0
P R E FA C E .
Tm ; Tra nslator of this Wo rk is i nduced to offer

i t t o t he not ice of t he lovers of Chess and t o the ,
P u b l ic , fro m his nvict io n tha t i t i s t he b es t cal

co ,
c u la t ed o f a n w k t nt t i m rove t hos e
, y o r ex a o p ,
w ho ha ve a l rea d
y m a de s om e p g
ro res s ; as wel l
as to i ndu ce to learn, ha ve n
o t hers w ho
o t y et
g ive nt heir a t tent i o nto t his tru ly sc i ent i fic Gam e .
It is have b ee nw ritt en by Dr Erc o le

M
sa i d to .
Da l Bi o , of oden a ; was o rig i na l ly u bl is hed i n

p
tha t c ity , i n17 69 , a n d has pas s ed t hro u gh t hree
edi t i o ns . A s t he A u t ho r of this Wo rk was t he
las t w ri ter o f a ny co nsequ ence , o nt he C o nt i nent ,
who gave to t he u bl ic P a co m lete

p T rea ti se o n
t hi s Ga m e, so he di d not sc ru ple to ava i l hi m self

of w ha t was pra isewo rt hy i nt he works of t hose
w ho had writ te nbefo re hi m oi nti ng out, a nd

p
a vo idi n
g , o rng t heir errors he was also
co rrec t i ,
m a terial ly ass is ted i nt he ex a m i n atio n n

M
, a d re vi
s i o no f his Wo rk b y t he A n , o n m o us
y od en ese
i npers o n as he him self l ib era l ly ackn

, o wledges
i nhis Preface ; a ddi n g t ha t ha d i,t no t b een fo r

P R E FA C E .
t he ncient friends hip s u bs is t i ng bet weenthem

M
a ,
an d the g rea t i nfluence t he o de nese pom ed
o v er his w ill c o m b i ned w ith his perso n

, al as ht
an ce i n t he co m plet io n o f t he work i t n
, ever ,
w o u ld ha ve b ee n se n t t o the press P rofemor .
Sa rra tt, a ls o , refers to i t as a ve ry va l uable
t rea t ise .
”
Th ese c i rc u m s ta nces m ake i t quite
fl nted
Mn
su
per u o u s , (
at lea s t t o t ho s e ac q u a i with
t he w ri t i ngs of t he A no n m o us
y o de es e ) to
say a ny t hi ng m o re i ni ts fa vo u r .
T he w o rk is divi ded i nt o t hree Pa rts , t he first

of whic h is w ho l ly t heo ret ica l , trea t i ng o f t he
na t u re o f t he Ga m e o f t he s i t u a t io ns a nd m ove
,
m en ts o f t he Pi eces o f t he i r o rdi n , a ry val u e for
m a ki n g E x c ha n es
g o f t he L a w s
, o f t h e G a m e ;
an d fin a lly i t c o n ta i n s m an n e r l l r
, , yg e a ru e s v e y ,
u sefu l t o i m res s t he S t u de n t w i th o d i n
p g o
p r
c iples fro m t he fi rs t devel o pi n

, g o f t h e i e ce s to P
t he en d : to w hich is a dded a s ho rt accou n , t of
t he W ri ters o nthe Ga m e .
T he Seco n P
d a rt is w ho l ly pract ica l ; dem on
s tra t i n t h G a m es m o s t fert ile i n s t ra finem s
-
g e
g ,
an d a l s o m o s t eas y to o cc u r ; dis t i n g u i s h i n g t h e m
i n S ix p e ni n O
gs v iz t w o ,o f G a m es
. ca lle d
P ia n o t wo o f I
, rreg u lar a n d t wo o f Ga m b i ts In
, .
t hese p O
e n i ngs t he B lac k , is fi r s t i n s tr u c t ed to
atta ck the White b y t he m os t refi ned arti fice!

PB E FA C E .
of Odyss ey o f
t he o m er, H
who fl ou ri s hed
nea rly o ne thou sand yea rs b efo re hu m a n re

dem ptio n b u t i t is o f litt le co nseq u ence, if w e b e
igno ra nt o f i ts n prov ided that w e b e ad

o ri g i ,
S in
”
m irera o f i ts m eri t . ce t his wo rk wa s com
o s ed a na rt icle has beenco m m u n i ca t ed t o t h e

p ,
Roy al Iri s h A ca dem y b y Ey les Irwi n Esq ina

, , .
letter to t he Ea rl o f ( J ha rlem o n t which a p pears

,
t o thro w l ig ht o nt his s u b ec t j A nex t rac t fro m

.
j
i t is s u b o i n ed a n , d t he rea der is left to dra w his
o w ni n feren ces fro m i t .
T he tra n s la to r ca n no t co ncl u de b ette r t ha ni n ,
om e nC o n ha co ra
M
t he wo rds o f his A u t ho r g
g i o d’
i m pl o r ar e i l pa t ro c i ni o d a lc u n
’
ece n a t e ,
c he co l l a u to revo le s u o n o m e i nfro n te le co n
’
c i lj l a ppla u so ; cos i n o n l e res ta c he di a u u

’
, g
rers i i no g n i t em po a nim i disc ret i e b en nat i i
, ,
q u a l i co nt ro c hi t en t a ss e d i la cera rl a
g e n t i l ,
”
m en te fa cc ia n o l a s u a di fes a .
Du ri ng a lo ng res iden ce i nt he Eas t I ndies ,
w here t he Ga m e o f C
hess is gen era l ly s u ppo s ed
t o ha ve orig in a ted Ihad o ften heard o f i ts ex

,
i s ten ce i n hi n C a t ho u gh o na di fieren
, t foo t i n
'
g ,
as well i nres pect t o t he po wers o f t he K i n g a ,
t o the as pect o f t he fi eld o fba t tle . T he B ram i n

s,
w ho ex cel i nt his Ga m e, a nd wit h who m Iu s ed
0The Gam e m en ti o ned b y Hom er, ha s nly

o a very slight
fin
in ity to the Ga m e of C hes s .
P RE F A C E .
fre q u en tly to play , fo r im pro vem en t , had a tra

di t i o no f this na tu re ; w hi ch is a fu rt her a rg u m e nt
i n b eha lf of what Ia m nce Bu t
ab o u t to adva .
,
w i t h all m y en q u i ri es fro m pe rs o n s w ho had
b eent here a n d fro m t he pu b l ica ti o n

, s rela ti ve t o
C hi na Ico u ld n
, ever o b ta i na n y co n fi r m a t i o n o f
t he Ga m e b e i n eve nkn o w n i nt h nt
g e c o u ry ex
c ept t hat C
ham b ers i nhis Dict i o n, a ry m e n t io ns ,
i t to b e t he fa vo uri te pas t im e o f t he la dies , b u t

q u o tes no a u t ho ri ty fo r t he as s ert i o n .
So m e u nloc ked fo r -
c i rc u m s ta nces , i n t he
co u rse o f t he las t y ea r, a t lengt h, b ro u g ht m e t o
the q uarter whi ch I ha d o nce w is hed, b u t n ever
ex pect ed to vis it In eed n o t sa y , t ha t a m o n

.
g
j
o ther o b ects o f cu rio s i ty , I w as eag er t o asce r
ta i n t he rea l i ty o f t he B ra m i ne And if
’
s t o ry .
t he di flic u lty ng i nfo rm a t io nhere not

o f a cq u i ri ,
m o re fro m the w a n t o f in t erpre ters t ha nthe j ea ,
lo u s y o f t he go vern m en t were n o t w el l kn
, o wn
i n E u rope I s ho u ld b e as ha m ed to tell y ou r
,
Lo rd s hi p, t ha t Ides pa i red o f s u c ces s fo r

M
so m e
t im e . A you n g a nd a ri n, h o w e v e r , o f t he p ro
fem ic a o f arm s , ha vi n n i n u is it i ve t u rn w as
g a q ,
m y fre q uent v is it o r a nd , w ha t no q u es t i o ns
c o u ld ha ve dra w nfro m hi m , t he a cc i de nta l s ig ht
nEng l is h c hess b oa rd efiected He t o ld m e,
'
of a -
.
t ha t t he C hi nese ha d a g m e o f t he a sa m e nat u re ;
x. P RE FA C E .
nd
a , o nhis s pec ify i ng a difference i nt he Pi eces
and Bo a rd, I pe rce i ved, w it h joy , t ha t I ha d

disco vered t he des ide ra t u m o f w hich Ihad b een
lo n n nex t
M
so g i sea rc h
y da v
. mT he
y ver
anda ri nb ro u g ht m e t he Boa rd a nd Eq u i page ;

and Ifo u nd, t ha t t he B ra m i ns were neit he r m is
takent o u c hi ng t he b o ard, w hi c h has a river in

t he m i ddle , nte ndi ng pa rties
t o di v ide t he co ,
no r in t he po w ers o f t he K i ng w ho is en ,
t ren c hed i na fo rt an d m o ves o n

,
l y i nt ha t s pa ce ,
i neve ry direct i o n B u t w ha t I did n . o t b efo re

,
hea r no r do I b e l ie ve is kn
,
o w n o u t o f t his
co u n t ry t here a re t wo
, P
ieces w ho s e m o vem en ts ,
a re dis t i n c t fro m a n i n h n dia no r E u ro ea n
M
y t e I p
Ga m e T he
. anda ri n w hic h a n s w ers t o o u r
,
Bis ho p i nh is s ta t io na n
, d s idel o n g c o u rs e c a n ,
no t t hro u g h a ge c ro s s t he rive r ; a nd a Rocket»

'
, ,
b oy s t i ll u s ed i n t he In
, dia n a rm ies w ho is ,
s ta t o n
i ed b et wee nt he l i n es o f ea c h a rty a c ts
p ,
l itera lly w it h t he m o t io no f t he Ro c ket by va u lt

M
,
in ve r a an an d t a ki n g h is Ad v e r sa a t
g o , ry
the o ther e n d o f t he Bo a rd Ex cept t ha t t he .
K in g h as h is t w o S on s t o s u pp o rt hi m i ns te a d ,
o f a Q u ee n t he Ga m e i no t her res pects i s l i ke

, , ,
o u rs ; as wi l l a ppear i nt he l an o f t he Bo a rd a n d
p
P ieces I ha ve t he ho n o u r to e n c lose t o ge t her ,
wi t h di rect io n s to
p la ce t he m en a n d l
p ya t h e
Gam e .
x n . a nnex e s .
m ys elf t ha t I have s tu m b led by acci de nt n

o
a not her , a nd have go n e so m e len gt h t o r est ore
t o t he C hi nes e t he i nvent io n o f gu n po w der , s o
long d i s pu ted wi t h t hem b y t he E uro pea ns ; b u t

w hic h t he evi den ce o nt heir hess b oard, i nt he C -
acti o nof t he rocket s eem s t o estab lis h b ey o n

, d
a do u b t .T he i n s t i t u t io no f t he Ga m e is l ike
w ise disco vered t o fo rm t he pri n ci pa l e ra i nt he
C hi n es e hi s to ry ; s in ce b y the co n
, q u es t o f
S hen t he ki n d fi n n d i n
M
si , g o m w a s r s t co e c t e i ts
p r e se n t for m a,n d t h e o n a r c h ass u m e d t h e
t i tle of Em pero r ; as m a y b e s ee ni nt he E x t ract
w hi ch Ihave o bta i n ed fro m t hei r a n nals .
F ro m t hese prem ises Iha ve t herefo re ven
t u red t o m a ke t he fo l lo w i n g i n fe re n ces : t h a t t h e
C
Ga m e o f hes s is pro b ab ly o f hi n C
ese o ri i n;
g
t ha t t he c o n fin ed s i t u a t io n a n d po w ers o f t he
Kin g , rese m b l i n g t h ose o f a m o n a r c h i n t h e
ea rli erpa rts o f t he w o rl d c ou n ten an ce t he s u

, p
p o s i t i o n ; a n d t h a t as
, i t t r a v e l l ed w es t w a r d a n
, d
des c en ded t o la ter t i m es t he s o vereig n pt ero
,
g a t i v e ex ten d ed i t s e l f un , t i l i t b ec a m e u n l i m i t e d ,
as i no u r s ta te o f t he Ga m e . T
hat t he a ge n cy o f
t he ri n P ces i nl i eu o f t he
, Q
u een b es peaks fo r
,
ci b ly t he n a t u re o f t he hi n C ese c u s t o m s w hi ch
,
ex cl u de fe m al es fro m a l l o wer o r i n
p fl u e n c e w h a t
ever w hich ri n Pces i n i ts passa ge t hro u gh
,
ra e u c rz
—
. x i ii .
P enis , were nged ngle Vizier o r

in
M
c ha to a si ,
in ister o f S ta te wit h t he en
, la rged po rt io n o f
delega ted a u t ho ri ty t ha t ex is ts t here ; i n s tead o f
w ho m the E u ro pea n n
, at i o ns w i t h thei r us u a l
,
g a l la nt ry a, d o pted a u ee n o Q
n t hei r Board .
Tha t t he river bet weent he pa rt ies is ex press i ve

o f t he gen era l fa c e o f t hi s co u n try w here s b a tt le ,
cou ld hardly b e fo u g ht wi t ho u t en co u n teri ng a n

in terru pt io n o f this ki n d w hich t he so ldier
,
was here t a u ght to o ve rco m e ; b u t t ha t o n t he ,
in t rodu c ti o nof t he Ga m e i n to ers ia the Bo ard P ,
cha n d w i t h t h d n t e o f t he regi o n a n d
g e e ry a u r ,
t he co n tes t was dec ided o n t erra fi rm a An d .
las tly tha t i nn

, o a cc o u n t o f t he ori gi no f hess C ,
t ha t I ha ve read has t he ta l e b eenso c ha rac ter

,
is ti c or co n s is ten t as t ha t w hi ch I ha ve t he ho
nou r to o der to t he Iris h A ca dem y W ith the
'
In dia n s i t was des ig n

, ed b y a Bram i nt o c u re
t he m ela n
cho ly of t he dau g hter of a Ra j ah .
W it h t he Ps ia
er ns , my m em o ry does not ass is t
m e to trace the fa b le ; t ho u g h, i f it were m o re

to t he u
p pr ose , I t hi nk, I s ho u ld have reta i ned
it . B u t , wi t h t he Chi n ese, i t was i n ve nted b y
anex perienced so ldier , o nt he
p ri nc i ple s o f wa r :
no t to dis pel love s ick va po u rs or i ns truct a fe

-
,
m ale i na scien ce tha t co u ld nei ther b enefit n or
info rm her ; b u t to q u iet t he m urm u rs o f a dis

x i v. e ns u es .
co ntented soldiery ; to em ploy t hei r vaca nt hou rs

i nlesso n s o nt he m i li ta ry a rt a n d t o c heris h t he
,
s piri t o f co n q u es t i n t he b os o m o f w i nt e r q uar
t ers . Its a g e is t rac ed by t hem onreco rd n ear
t wo c e n t u ri es b efo re t he C
hris t ia n re m ; a n d
am o n g t h e n u m e ro u s c l a im s fo r t his n o b le i a
ven t io n t ha t o f t he
, hi n C
ese w ho ca ll i t by w a y , ,
o f di s t i n c tio n , C
ho n g K e o
'
r t he R o
, y a l G a m e .
“ ears a l o n t o b e in di t b l
pp e s
p u a e .
Iha ve t he ho n n
M
o u r to rem a i ,
v L o rd,
Y o u r L o rds hip s o b edie
’
nt
hu m b le S erva nt,
C nt n “ E Y L ES IRWIN
M
a o , .
1 4t h a rc h, 1 7 93 .
Tra ns la t i on of nE x t ra ct from t he C om m or Chi n

a ese ,
An na ls respect i ng t he Invent i on of t he Ga m e of C hen

M
, ,
del i vered t o m e by Ti nqu a a S oldier anda ri n of the

, ,
p ro v i nceof F oka i a .
T H R E E hundred a nd seven
ty ni ne yea rs a fter t he tim e of
-
C on fuc i us o r 1 96 5 years a go Hu n
, g C oc
,
hu K i n g o f K ing ,
n a n s en t anex peditio n i n t o t he S hen s i co un t ry un der t he

M
, ,
c o m m an d of a an dari n ca lled Ha n s in t o c on q uer it

, g , .
A ft er o n e s u c ces s fu l c a m pa i gn t he sol diers were pu t i n

,
to
wi n ter q u arters ; w here fi n di n t he w ea t h er m u c h c older t ha n

, g
w ha t t hey ha d b eena c c us to m ed t o an d bein g ,
a lso depri ved
o f t heir wi ves a n d fam ilies t he a rm y i ngen

,
era l b eca m e im
, ,
CONTEN TS .
P A RT I .
T he Theo ret ica l Pri nci ples o f t he Ga m e o f C hes s P age17
P a a r II .
The Pra c t ice o f t he Ga m e, di vided int o si x pri nci pa l
P a a r III .
C M
P
M
T HE IN O A RA BL E
GA E OF C H ES S .
P A RT 1 .
Of the t heoreti cal ” p s

m a l e .
To which i s added,
AN ACC OUNT or THE PR IN CIP A L wa rrs a s'
o nTHE GA M E
.
CHA PTER I .
Ont h e Na t ure h G l A n n nd vari ous

M
of t e a m e, t rc rra
g em e t , a
ovemen t s of t he P ieces .
T i re nt Chapter will b e fou nd of service to

“ prese
K il e who m ay b e defic ient i n t he know
lfi e of t he firs t elem e nts of Ch i n i t is
“
g ess :
Il l u s trated t he nat ure of t he Ga m e, t he

'
n
aIl a'
gem ent o f t he P i ec es a nd t hei r va

,
rio u s
m0i emen ta t he who le ex pla i n

, ed i ns uch a m a n
her, that
, while i t serves as necessary i ns tru ctio n
l° be in
g ners , it m ay no t b e dis pleas i ng t o o t hers .
a
E RC O L E DA L B IO ON C H E S S .
The Ga m e of Ch ess is a b a tt le of fictit ious

co m ba ta nts who seek to i mprison the d u ne
,
K in g c
, o ns t i t u ted i n ac t u a l a ttack wi t hou t re ,
m edy n
“
vhich is expla in ed b y the term Of Ch i
A s i n t his m i m ic war proof is m ade
”
m a te .
,
o f the i n du s try o f him who co n du c ts a n d

, ,
m odera t es the co m b ata n ts ; thu s u st i ce req u i res j

t hat b o th t he a dverse a rm ies s ho ul d b e per
fectly eq ua l , i n t he nu m b er , o rder, and po wer
o f t he p i eces , as Vida say s :
T he fi eld of b a tt le is t he Ch ess Bo a rd, w hich

is a s q u a re ta b le , co m
po s ed o f s i x ty -
fo u r s m a l ler
s q u a res , ca l led ho u ses , b la ck a nd w hite a l terna tely ,
di vided i nto e i g ht files , ea ch o f w hic h therefore

is o f ei g ht ho us es i na ri g ht l ine, a rra ngi ng the
C hess b oa rd i ns u ch
-
a m anner, t ha t t he s q uare
of t he a ng le , t o t he ri g ht of t he Pl y
a er, m ay b e
w hi te ; t hi s not a bs o l u tely afiect i n
ho wever
'
g
t he i n tri ns ic na tu re o f the
ga m e ; b ut t he
, am
t hority o f wri ters is fo u n ded o nt he m os t an cient
in va ria b le practi ce a nd observan ce o fthePlay ep
, .
Th ere a re eig ht Pi ece

s , a nd e ight Pa wn
s on ,
each s ide , o ne set n

b la ck,
d t he o t her white :
a
t he eig ht Pieces a re— the K n , t h Q

i g e uee . o. n tw
B R C OL E DA L R 1 0 O N C H ESS .
t io ns ; ng fo r ins ta n
ca l l i ce t he Book s
, a wn, t he ,
’
P
B is ho p s Pa wn t he K i n
’
g s ,a w n Se e t ha t
'
P , .
“
w hic h i na rig ht l i n
, e s ta nds b efo re t he Bo ok,
,
t he B is ho p, t he K ing , & c . a nd so of the

o t hers .
T he s q u a res , o cc u pied b y t he e ight ieces in P

t hei r fi rs t arra n g em e n t , ta ke t he na m e o f ea ch
ng fo r i ns ta nce t he K i ng s
’
res pec t ive Piece, s ay i , ,
B ook s s q u a re t he
’
u ee ns
, Q
B is hop s s q ua re
’ ’
,
&c . The s q u a res o f t he s ec o nd lin e o rig i nal ly ,
occ u pied b y t he a wn s P
a re c al led t he seco n
, d
s qu a res o f t he res pect i ve ieces as t he K i n P g
’
s ,
seco n d s q u a re t he u eens
, Q
K ni g ht s s eco n d
’ ’
s q u a re & c , T he t hird a n
. d fo u rt h l i nes are in ,
t he s a m e m a n ner called t he t hird a nd fo u rth

,
s q u a res o f t he res pec t ive i eces a n P

d so o f a l lthe ,
o ppos i te s ide .
T he B o ok m oves i na ll direct i o ns— i ns tra it
lines , pa ra l l el t o t he s ides o r en ds o f t he
Boa rd ca ns to p a t a n
—
s
y q u a re m os t co nven i e nt ,
— an d ca n, a t a s i ng l e m ov e , g o f r o m o ne s ide
or end o f t he Bo a rd t o t he o ther pro vided t he ,
interm edia t e s q u a res b e no t occu pi ed .
T he Bis hops m ove a l wa ys o b l iq u ely , o n t he

N A T URE OF T HE GA ME.
s q ua res of t he sa m e nw hich they

co lou r as tha t o
a re o ri gi nally plac ed a nd are no t l i m i ted t o s n

, y
nu m b er of s q u a res w hent he roa d is o pen
, .
T he m o ve of the K ni ght is q u ite dis t i nct , a nd

pec u l iar to hi m self, lea pi ng o ver a ny o f t he o ther
p i ece
s , w hether his ow n o r the A dvers a ry ’
s, in
a nob li q u e m anner, fro m b la ck to w hi te, a nd
fro m w hi te to b lack, g o i n g , as i t were, t wo
s q u ares , o ne as t he Ro o k, a n d t he o t her as t he
Bis ho p , or t he fi rs t as t he B is ho p , a nd t he o t her
as t he Roo k : t hu s , fo r ex a m
pl e , t he Q u ee ns ’
Kn ig ht , b ei ng i n i ts p p
ro er s
q u a re , m a y , fro m
tha t , lea p t o t he ueens seco n Q
d, to t he u eens
’
Q ’
Bis ho p
’
s t hird, o r t o t he Q u ee ns Ro c k s t hird
’ ’
sq u a re .
T he Q
npo ss esses t he m o ves o f the Roo k
u ee
and the Bis ho p co m b i ned b u t never t ha t o f the

K night w hich does no t s u i t her
,
.
The K i ng ca n m o v e i na ll d irec t i o ns ; b ut on ly
one sq u are a t a t i m e t ha t i s , f ro m t he s
q u a re i n
w hich he m ay b e, nex t to hi m ex cept in
t o t ha t ,
t he c a se o f as t l iCng w h ic h ca,
n b e e fi ec ted o n ly
'
on c e i n t he ga m e e i t he r o
,
n hi s o w n s ide o r o n
t ha t f
o t he u ee n Q It i s d.o n e i n a s i ng l e m o ve b y ,
E RC O LE D A L B ID ON ON E “ .
l ea ping t he K i ng nd the Ro ok re ci procally , m d

a
plac i ng t he m i n a n y o f t h e i nte rm e di a te s q u i nt ,
in c lu di ng t he i r o w n T h e K i ng ca n n
.o t C al d o
int he fo l lo w i n g c a s es v iz 1 If a n y p i
,e ce b e.
—
.
b et wee n hi m nd the Ro ok 2 If ei th er the

a — .
K ing o r t he Roo k ha ve b eena l rea dy m o ved

3 If eit her
. of t he s q u a res , o ver w hic h the Kin
g
m ay i nte nd to m o ve, or that i nw hi c h he m ay
p la ce h i m sel f, b e g ua rde d, o r a tta cked b y a n
a d er
v s e P
iec e, o r a w u — 4 i f he b e P . . ac t u a l ly
i nc heck .
It is nec essa ry t o o b s erve, t ha t a K ing ca n

not
a
pp ro a c h t he o ther K ing , his a dvers ar ,
y b ut
t here m u s t a l wa
y s b e a t leas t ne sq u a re dis ta n
o ce
b et ween t hem , fo r N o n b ene co n ven iun t n

Mj
et:
i nu na s ede m a u ca t a r a es t as , et A m or .
T he P wn a s m o ve a l wa
y s direc t ly fo rwa rd,
o nly o ne s q u a re a t a t i m e ex cept at t he fi rst ,
s et t i ng o ff w h en t he y ha v e t he p r i vi le e f
, g o
m ovi n g t w o A lt ho u g h
. t he y m a rc h d i re c t ly
fo rwa rd t hey a tta ck a n
, d ta ke t he en em y oh
l iq u ely l i ke t he B is hop : fo r ex a m ple t he K i n

,
g s ,
’
P a w n ca n no t ta ke t ha t piece o r pa wn i m m e
dia tely b efo re i t i n a right l i n e t ha t is a t t he
, , ,
Kin cou ld t ake a n o n

’
g s t hi rd ; b u t y e w h ic h
E R C OL E D A L R IO O N 0 8 8 58 .
w hich ass a u l ts him : i f he ca n do neither of

t hese, he is C heck m a ted, a n
-
d loses the ga m e .
If the K i ng no t b e i n check b u t yet

s ho u ld ,
so s i t u a ted t ha t he ca n no t b e m o ved w i t hout

p la c i n g h i m se l f i n c hec k a nd ,h as n o o t h e r i ece P
P
o r a w nleft o nt he Bo a rd o r n on
, e w hic h ca nb e
l
p y a e d, t h is p o s i t i o n i s ca l led a S ta l e m a t e a n d -
, ,
i n Ita ly i s co n
, s i dered a dra w n ga m e ; b u t i n
En g l a nd ,ra F
n c e a n d oHll a nd t he la ,y e r p lPac ,
in g t h e K i ng i n t h is d i le m m a l os es t h, e g a m e .
A Dra w nGa m e m ea ns, a ny ga m e i n w hi ch

neither pa rty ca nm a te his o ppo nent a nd m ay ,
take pla ce i nt he fo l lo w i n g m a nn e r ; i rs t l y b y t he F ,
T a vo la o r
, perpet u a l h ec k t h C
a t is w h en o n e ,
l
p y a er has his K in
g t o rm e nt e d w i t h c ont i nu a l
c hec ks b y his a dve rsa ry , w it ho u t o ss i b i li t of
a p y
a verti ng them . Seco ndly , w henever t he fo rce ,
ei t her eq u a l , o r g rea t er o no ne s ide i s no t , s u fii
c ient t o ga i nthe vict o ry o ver t he ot her hi rdly . T ,
w henb o t h part ies s ta n d o nthe defen s i ve n ei t her ,
fin di ng i t e x pedi ent t o a t ta ck t he o ther .
F o u rthly w hen heck m a te i s n

,
C o t a ffect ed i n
-
fi fty m o ves eit her a ga i n s t the K i n n

M
, g l eft al o e ,
or i nother difficu lt a tes .

VA L U E o r r u n P IE C E S . 26
CHA PTER 11 .
va l ue q] t he P i ece: f or ma ki n
g
1 . T he B is ho p a nd t he K night , cal led else
w here m i no r ieces , m a y b e m u t u al l
p y ex c ha nged ,
b ei ng re
pu ted o f eq u a l va l u e, as is noted i n
C h pt
a er l V , w here thei r di fferen
. t pro perties a re
dis c u ss ed . A u thors o nly co m m only o b serve ,
a nd ex perience dem o ns tra tes , t ha t i t i s well for
a Pl y a er nge the A dversa ry s K i ng s

to e x c ha
’ ’
B is ho p fo r his o wn ueens o r fo r a K night

, Q ’
, ,
t he K i ng s Bis ho
p b
’
e i ng p a rt i c u la rl
y effi ca c i o u s
i nt he a ttacks pri n ci pal ly o f the

, ia n o ga m es P ,
i n which b y b a tt eri n ,g t he K i ng s B i s h o p s
’ ’
Pa wn he a tta cks t he a dverse K i n

, g i n his w e a k
es t po i nt .
2 . A Bis ho p or a K night , is w o rth m o re t ha n

t hree Pa wn s , b u t l ess t ha nfo u r ; hen c e, nei t her
o f t hem m u s t b e gi venfor three a wn s, u n less P

so m e o t her dis a dva n ta ge b e deri ved to t he en em y
i nco nseq u ence, as , t ha t he rem a i n i nferi or in

E ROOL B DA L -
R IO ON 0 11 8 88 .
n o r b e depri ved of t he pri vilege (if

s i t u a ti o ,
C as tli ng o r have a
, a wn dou b led o r dis u n
ite P
ll. ,
or is o la t ed —
p j
re u di ces w hich, pra c ti ca lly by
t hem s el ves , e s po
c o rr nd to the val u e o f half a
P wna .
3 T wo m in
. or Pi eces , fo r a Bo o k and two
P wna s, m ay b e co ns idered a neq u al co nt ract an
d ,
thus t wo m inor Pi eces co m e to be va l ued at

'
seve n Pa wns , as was fi xed a b o ve ; t herefi n ,
t he va l ue of t he Rook is , as a bo ve, fi ve P wn
a s.
4 . A B ook no t b e g i ve nfo r a m i n
s ho u ld or
P iece a n do n e a wnb e i n g w oP rt h s o m,et h i ng m o re ;

b u t fo r a m i nor iece a n P
d t wo a wn s al tho u h
g P ,
i t m ay n o t b e a perlbct ly evenc o n tra c t co n ,
s ideri n g t he i nt ri ns ic v a l u e o f e a c h P i ece ;
nevertheless , pra ctica ll ,
y by Pl y a ers , i t is a
t eem ed a ni ndifferent ex c hange .
5 T he
. Qn fo r the two B ooks a nd a Pawn,
u ee ,
is also repu ted a neq u a l co nt ra ct .
F ro m thes e fe w co nt racts , s u ppos ed tb r dem on

s tra ti ng the a b so l u t e as well as res pecti ve val u e
of each Pi ece, every o ne m ay fo rm a j u dg me nt ,

n
s u fi cie t t o e ab le n hi m t o determ i n
e properly
28 E R C OL B o n no
. o n c a ns s .
Knig ht , or a Bis ho p, m ay b e ex cha nged

t wo P wn
a s on Q
ly : the ueenfo r the t wo Rook— J;
the m i nor Pi eces fo r a nd so fo rth
Rook, a .
T he reaso nof s u c h di vers i ty is fo u n ded i nthi s ;
tha t , i n the e n d o f t he ga m e t he prin cipa l

,
b us in ess b ei n g n o l o n er t ha t o f c o m ba t i n
g g o r ,
o f re el l in fo rce b
p g y fo rce as i n, t he b e g i nn i ng
an d m iddle b u t o f i n
, cl o s i n g a n d m a t i n the
g
a dver s e K in g ; t her e fo re t h e , i ec es fi t tP
est
fo r the o ccas io n a re preferab l e t o o t hers of
g re a te r va l u e fo
, r c o m b a t i ng a n d d i s
p e rs in g ,
b ut of l ess a b i lit y fo r y act u a l i

V c to r ; a n
d
t hu s t he t wo K n ights , fo r i n s ta nce , be i ng y b
t hem s el ves i nca pa b le o f g i v i ng h e ck m a te to C -
t he a dvers e K ing ,
w ill , i nt he end of t he ga m e,
be es teem ed less t ha n a Ro ok, whic h w i ns by
force aga i ns t t he K i ng a l o ne ; a l t ho u g h t he t wo
K nights , i nthe dis pu te o f m a n y i ec e s , m a y b e, P

i ncom b at ing, m o re e ffi ca c i o u s t ha n th e R oo k .
L t “s o r THE ( mm : 29
CHA P . III .
The La ws f
o t he Ga me .
The La ws of the Ga m e were i nt ro du ced pri n

cipal ly fro m the necess i ty of p n
ro vi di
g g
a a i ns t
dis pu tes b et ween la y ers P . T he m os t necessa ry
to b e kn o wn , t he m os t co nfo rm ab le to rig ht
reaso n a nd the m os t es ta b l is hed fro m t he co m

, ,
m o n a u thori ty o f t he b es t wri ters a re t he ,
follo wi ng .
I
T he fi rs t m o ve is dec ided b y lo t T he m ove .
afterwa rds b eco m es a l terna te , u nless where odds

are g i ven, w h ic h e nt itles the Pl y
a er g i vi ng t hat
adva ntage to the fi rs t m o ve .
ll .
If a ny o ne to u ch a Pi ng l
ece wi t ho u t s ay i
a dj u st,
”
o r so m ethi ng t o ex pl a i n his i ntent i o n ,
he m u s t m ove i t if po ss ible i f n o t the K i n is

g ,
t o b e m oved if i t ca nbe do n
, e w it ho u t placi n g
him i ncheck b u t i f a iece b e o vert urn P ed by
accide nt , t he Pl y
a er m ay replace it .
B R C OS D DA L N O O N C H ICO.
Il l .
l fa Pl y a er to u ch o ne of his A dvers a ry s Pla n. ’
he m us t ta ke i t , i f he ca n; i f no t be m ust pll y ,
his K i ng, i f poss i b l e .
A Pi ece, o nce q u itted nnot b e recalled; but

, ca ,
so lo ng as t he Player holds it inhis hand be it ,
at li be rty to .
a dva nce fu rther b ut n ot to re ,
V .
l f, by m is ta ke o r o therwise , a ny one makes
a fa ls e m o ve , he m u s t play his K i n g, as i n
Ru le 11 b u t . no fa lse m o ve ca nbe reca lled alter
t he A dvers ary has m o ved .
VI
If a
g iven c heck, b e wi tho u t warni ng, the
A dvers ary w i ll not b e b ou nd to wa rd i t o ff : b ut,
i f the form er, at his nex t m ove s hou ld say ,
t henren net: his l as t m ore

”
cheek, eacb mu st
'
t
,
and the King -

b e placed out 0 9 c .
V1 ] .
If o n
e/ Ph yer warnthe o ther o f a nw it ht
c heel
o ut g i vi n i
g , t a n
d the latter hi s , i ncons equential ;
E RC OL E D A L R IO O N C HE “.
CHA P , IV .
era l Ru les ont he

Gen ndu ct of t he Ga te
co ,
disen ag em ent of t he P i eces

g .
T he o pe ni ng of t he ga m e o u ght to b e made
wi th t he grea t es t po ss ib le develo pm en t : t hat i
to s ey , i t is to b e ex ec u ted b y t he s ho rtes t m ethod,
chu s i ng t hose m o ves w hich p u t i n a ct i o nthe
g rea t es t nu m b er o f com b a ta nts ; t ha t o ne iece P
do no t i m pede a n o t her b u t ca n a ct w i th due
,
p ro m pt i t u de ; a n d , t ha t e very i ec e b e sP
o
s it u a ted , t ha t the a dversa ry ca n no t a nnoy it ,
wi tho u t da n g er t o h i m se lf or l oss
, o f t i m e .
W hoever a t t he b eg i nni ng ha s b ro u g ht o u t his

, ,
Pi w i t h g rea ter s y m m etry , rela ti vely to the

eces
adverse s it u a t io n, m ay t hence pro m i se hi m self a
fo rt u na te iss u e i nt he prosec u ti o no f t he b a ttle .
It isnot a dvis ab l e to pus h a t t he fi rs t m o ve, ,
the K ing s o r
’
u ee Q
n s a w n
’
m u ch l eP
s s a ny ,
o t her, o ne s tep o nly ; t he ga m e rem ai ning t hus

GE N E RA L R U L ES . 33
t0 0 m u ch i nc l os ed a nd co nfi ned ,
a nd lea v i ng t o
th e n
e em y a m o re o
pe n fi eld to a dva nce a nd
‘S os e his a tta cks
p .
N berefo re, w hen ever i t i s poss ib l e t o a ns wer
'h e fi rs t m o ve, b y play i ng t he K in g s a w n t wo

’
P
S
q u ares w i t ho u t pu t ti ng i t en p ris e, th i s w il l b e
t he b es t m ethod o f pla y i n g : o en
p i ng a dv a n ta
g e o us l y t wo Pi eces , vizn a nd K i ng s
. t he Q u ee
’
Bis ho p ; w hich i s no t ob ta i ned b y m o vi ng a n y

ot her Pa wn; a n d w hen no t po s s ibl e t o a n s wer
i t i nt his m a n ner i t w ill b e well to do i t w i th the

,
’
P
Qu eens a wn pla yed t o i ts ex tent b ei ng the
, ,
b es t , a fter t ha t o f t he K i ng .
11 .
—
A tt a ck a nd D efence .
W hoever has t he a dva ntag e o f t he a t ta ck, is i n

a s ta te nem y ; t herefo re al l
to gi ve la w to t he e
m ea n s m u s t b e used to o b ta i n a n d preserve i t,
m en aci ng a nd a nno i n t he en
y g em y c o n s t a nt l y ,
t o ga i n a dva n ta ge fro m a ny i rre g u l ar i ty i n h is
a ns wers .
T he m ethod which is n ecessa ry to u n dertake

and execute the atta ck, con s is t i ndeterm i ning
c
E R C OL E DA L R IO O N C H ESS .
a nadva ntage w hic h is hoped to b e o b tai n

, edby
th e n at u re a nd co m b i n at i o n o f the ga m e or ,
les s de x t erity o nt he pa rt o f the A da m ; fl

i nprefi x i n g t he s i t u a t io n o f t he l a y er s Po wn ’
P i eces a n
, d di vert in g t hose o f t he e n e m y i n ,
s u ch m ann er t hat he be n
, o t a wa re o f the
in t ent ; o r t ha t it o n ly m a ni fes t i ts el f whenthe ,
at tac k has n o re m edy A bo ve a ll w hoever is

.
,
inpos ess io no f a fi n e a t tack m us t b e ca reful to

,
m ake i t take effect i nti m e w i t ho u t prec ip ita tin

, g
it u n seaso n a b ly t hat i t m a y n
, o t va n is h an d ,
w i tho u t de fe rri n i t n e m ve t oo l o n b w hich

g o o g y ,
the en e m y m a y ha ve ti m e t o dis co ver a n d to

rem edy t he a rt i fi c e .
A di rec t nt he K i ng is t o b e preferred
a t t a ck o ,
he b e i n g t he m o s t in t e re s ti n g pe rs o n o f t h e g a m e
t here fo re t his is t o b e s o u g ht b efo re a n y o th er ,
u s ing t he m os t i n d u s tr i o u s nw a n s t o d i s p os e t he
fo rces and co ncea l t he des ign i n o rder to hc

, ,
m o ved o f a ha ppy is s ue to t he a ssau l t ; as is

b etter ex plai ned in V .
O nt he o t her ha nd, t he Pl y a er, s u b ectj t o de

fence , o u g ht to i nves t i a t e i nt i m t el y , t he rea s on
g a
the A dvers aryno va to u nders ta n his

’
of s , d a ll
a im s , and preve n
t the n n
co s eq ue ces ; a nd . if
t he a tta ck b e g rea tly feared, he s ho u ld e ndea
E R C OL E DA L R IO ON C H E SS .
pru de nt ial ru le
s , viz : . ha vi ng a go o d m ove, to
seek fo r a b ett er ; havi ng a s m all b ut tai
cer n
a dva ntage no t to risk i t fo r a grea ter, b u t un
, ce
ta i n o n e T o do u b t of the a dva n
—
tages which
n t t h m l i n i m i t t i ono f hi m who sayl
p res e e se ves a , .
T i m eo D a n a os et do n a f eren
”
t es Al wajl .
—
to es teem the en em y a lt hou h i n fe ri or N ot to

g
—
,
”
l
p ya has ti ly ; fo r amat Vic t o ri a c a rat .
b eca u se i nt his ga m e, m o re t ha ni na n o t her, in

y
co n n
s eq u e ce o f t he i nnu m era b l e c o m b i nation s of
w hich i t is co m pos ed, a c cide nts o fte nha ppenso ,
m u ch the m o re s tra nge as t hey are no t fo reseen .
Il l .
—
E x cha n
g es .
It is a g e era n
l ru l e i n every co ntract not ,
to
ex ec u te it u
po nt he present adva nta ge, b u t rather
t o be g u ided b y t he s it u a ti o nwhi ch wi ll rem ain
i nco nseq u ence of it .
It is pru den t t o effect t he ex c ha n g e o f i eces P

i n t he fo llo wi ng ca s es vi z i rs t ,
W—
h e ne ve
.r F
i t is i ntended t o preven t o r deter t he en em y from
an y i dea o f a p p
re a red a tta ck S ec o nd, If t he —
Play er b e i n ferio r i n s it uat io n; ha vi ng, for

ins ta nce, his o w n K i n ex os ed,
g p or his Pi eces
i m peded, t hence to ac q u i re ti m e, t he b etter t o

ca nno n . s um s . 37
arra nge his gam e — T

hird, W hen he m ay b e
superio r i nfo rce, b y which t he A dversa ry i s
dou bly weakened, ei ther b y t he wa nt of the

fleece excha nged , or b y t he l ess ac t i vi ty o f the
Pieces whi ch rem a i n to hi m ; b eca u se the
m ailer t he nu m b er , t he m ore eas ily t hey are
oppress ed by a s u peri o r fo rce .
Before i t is reso l ved to ex cha nge a Pi ece, it is
n
ecem ry to reflect , tha t , al tho u gh i t i s gen era l ly
good to he t he fi rs t to ex c ha n g e , t hu s o b l i i
g gn
the enem y to m a ke t he necessa ry m ove t o retake
it, the fi rs t P la y er pres e rvi ng t he m o ve a ft er i t ;
still so m et i m es i t is b etter t o a l lo w t he A dvers ary
to take fi rs t , to b e en a bled, i nre ta ki ng t u t
o
p
-
,
a Pi ece i nact io n, t o s prea d a dou b led a wn , to P

ope na file or to ga i ns o m e o t her a dva ntage
, , fo re
s een i n t i m e from t he as pec t t he g a m e
, w ill
as s u m e a ft er t he ex cha n
, ge h as t aken p l ac e .
lV C as t li n
'
g
-
. .
It i s b etter t o cas tle by cho ice, tha n to b e

under the necess i ty o f do ing it for defence ; bei ng
ena b led i n the fi rs t case
, to p lace t he Rook ,
w h e re it m ay b e i na co ndit io n to Opera te wi th
m o re ex pedi ti on; an d therefore i t will never b e
38 s a co n
e nu . no o n C H ESS .
a nerror to ca s tle ea rly ; t hu s placi ng t he Kin

g
i ns ec u ri ty fro m which m ay b e ded u ced, thi
:
i t is genera l ly b et ter t o ca st le ont he K i n fl

’
g s
t ha n o nt he Q u ee ns ’
n
ot o nly b eca us e it is
ex ecu ted m ore qu i ckly , b u t t ha t t he K ing is m
s hel tered fro m t he a nnoya n ce o f t he i eces std P
P wna s of t he A dversa ry , who , no t to ex pose hil
ow nK i ng , no t a dva nce t hem s o b o ldly on
w ill
the s ide o f t he K i ng as he wou ld o nt ha t of the
Q uee n .
If, how ever, several ex c ha nges take place at

t he b eg i nning, nd es pec ia l ly t ha t of t he ueens
a Q ’
,
i t i s o ften b etter t o m a i n ta i n the K i n g i n th e
fi eld b eca u se he ca n thenac t with m o re facility

, ,
an d great er pro m pt i tu de w here n ecess ity calb

,
hi m . Which pos it i o nis t he b es t for the Kin g

an d t he Ro ok c a n not b e precisely defi n
, ed as it ,
depen ds o nthe di fferen t rela t io n s o f the adverse
g a m e a n, d o n t he a i m s w h i c h t h e l a y er h i m s e lf P
has i nview fro m his o wnam b u sca des Onthe .
P
,
o ther ha n d I t hi n k t he lay er ha vi n
, , g t h e fi rs t
m o ve m a y cas tl e eq u a l ly well w i th t he K i n
, g in
t he Roo k s a n d t he B oo k i n t he B is hop s at
’ ’
,
K in n n n
’
h K h K h
'
g s s q u a re a w i th t
, e i g i t e ig t s .
an d t he Bo o k i n the K i n h
’
g s s q u ar e ; a l t h o u g
t his las t m ode o f ca s t l i n m a n o t b e so fe ti le i s
g y r
adven t u re an d a rti fice as the t wo fi rs t which will ,

E RC OLE D A L R IO ON c l a ss .
m o re as s u red m eas u res which the A dvers ary ca n

ta ke , dependent o n the P n b ei ng aha d]
aw
m o ved . It is not to b e denied tha t o nsome ,
o c cas ions i t m a y b e u sefu l to recede fro m th

,
reg u la ti o n; b u t t he ex cept i o no f a ru le exactly
serves to ackn o wledge a n d co n fi rm i t .
C ng is no t t he o nly preca u ti o nwe ought

as t l i .
t o u se o nt he pa rt o f t he K i n g A s h is sec
. u r ity
i s a l wa y s i nteres ti n g so ,o u g h t o u r u t m o s t v ig i
l a nce a n d a tt en t io nt o b e a l wa y s b es to wed on
hi m . Inwha tever s i t u a t i o n he m a y b e placed ,
i t w i ll b e a g o o d ru l e n ever t o ha ve t he u een Q
m an y m o ves fro m h i m w h i c h
, i ne x per t P la y e m
o ften pra c t ise t o a cq u ire a Pa w n o r a iece ; P
but n o t b ei n g a b l e t o ret u rnher s eedil
p y t o t h e
s u cco u r o f t he K i n g t he,y t h e n d i sc o v er t h a t t h e
g a i n i s ra t he r p r j
e u di c ia l t h a n o t h er w i s e .
Q
W here t he u eenis wa nt ing o r w here b y her , ,
self o n ly no t s u fli c ien
,
t o t her i eces s ho u ld be
, P
s u ppli ed a n , d q u ickl y ca l led t o the g u ard o f the
j
a d a cen t s q u a res t o preve n
, t o r defen d t he Ki n g
fro m t he A dvers a ry s c hec ks A m on h h
’
.
g t e s e t e
c hecks o f t he K n ight a re o b servab le as t hey a re ,

GE N E R A L R U LE S .
not to be covered ; a nd fo r t he o thers which

a dm it of b ei ng co vered, i t will be m os t ex pe
di ent to do i t wi t h Pi eces w hi ch repel the ag
g res s or ; s i nce t hey do not rem a i nenga g ed nor

j
s u b ect to a redo u b led a t ta ck : b u t , ab o ve all ,
t he do u ble chec ks are m os t t o b e feared, whic h

al wa y s fo rce t he K i ng t o m o ve . W here a check
is t hrea tened w i t h a Pi ece, b y dis co very , i t is a
ru le to i nves t t he sa id Pi ece, a nd defend o ne s

’
self b y taking i t .
It is not proper to check t he a dverse K i ng

o na l l occ as i o n s w hich presen t t hem sel ves as It ,
m ig ht ra ther a fford him t he o ppo rt u n i ty o f for

t ify i ng h i m se lf b ett e r a nd i m,p r o vi ng hi s s i t u
a ti o n; b u t s u ch c hecks o n ly o u g ht t o b e gi ven
w hich a re pro fi ta b le, ei t her b eca use t hey depri ve
hi m of the co nvenience o f cas tl i ng, o r, i n c o
y ering he is ob l iged to lea ve a iece u nde

, P
fen ded o r to ab a n do n a n a tta ck o r s u fier a n
'
, ,
un eq u al ex c ha n e
g ; or a l so w h en t he l a y er s P ’
j
o b ect i s to b etter his o wn s i tu a t io n as t o ga i n ,
a m o ve t o a dva n
, ce o r l i be ra te a iece o r fo r P ,
s om e n ecessary defen ce A b o ve a ll fi n
. di n g t he ,
adverse K i n g i nt he fi eld i t i s p p
ro ,e r to com
pel hi m , b y rei tera ted checks , t o take a m o re

o pen pos iti o n, s i nce, ha vi ng a dva nced b ey o nd
42 B RC O L E nu . no o n e a rns .
t he ranks of his own P wn

a s, w henthree Pieces
nat tack him i t wi ll b e a i f i t shou ld
M
ca , rare cas e
n at e i na
o t t erm i n at e .
N ot wi ths ta n
di ng t ha t i t i s dang ero u s t o leave
t he K i ng ex
pos ed am o ng m any Pi eces , it i
eq ual ly so t o a llo w h im t o rem a i nidle i nhis
s qu a re, at t he e nd of the ga m e whent he battle ,
is redu c ed t o t he P wna s o nly . Th y e o ught
t hen no lo nge r to se rve as fro nt iers to thei r

K ing ; b u t i t is a ru le t ha t he precede t hem ,
a nd b ec o m e t he i r co ndu cto r , t o pro tect t hem

fro m t he advers e Kin
g, t o i m pede t he a dva nce
of t he o
ppo s i t e P wn
a s, a nd t o i n
s ure ca c ha n
ga
w hi c h pro du ce a dva ntage of s i t ua t i o n to the
o t hers . T he Pa w ns, at t he e n
d of the ga me,
which have no t t he ng es co rt o f their
precedi
K in g r
,u n t he ri s q u e o f b ei ng l os t o r di s u ni ted , ,
o r of b ei n b locked u n f i t f l l b t h f
g p u ru u y y os e o ,
n
t he e em y .
Vl .
—
Queen .
T he po wer o f the uee n i s i nfin Q

itely great er
t han t ha t o f t he Rook ; s he bei n n
M g e a bled to
g i ve Ch eck at e to t he K i ng a lo n
e i nnin
e ,
E R C O LE D A L R IO O N C H E SS .
Q u eenm ay be s u rro u nded w it h adverse Pi eces ,
i ns u ch a m anner, t ha t s he has no es ca pe, a nd

t herefo re a ppears t o be l os t ; nevertheless , in
conseq u ence o f her g rea t po w er, s he is ra rely
to b e co n s i dered as nq u ered a l tho u g h s he

co ,
m ay a ppea r q u i te s u rrou n ded ; s i nc e t he e n em y ,
needing t he u se of m a ny ieces pa rt of P ,
t hem to a tt ack her a n d pa rt fo r his o wn de

,
fen ce ; es peci al ly t ha t o f t he K i n g ; t h e u een Q

fin ds t he m ea n s o f ca l li ng t o he r a i d so m e
P iece w hich s u cceeds i n l ib era t i n

, g h er o r ,
m akes t he ca re o f her i m priso n m en t a dea r cos t

t o t he en em y .
Vl l .
— R ooks .
T he Rook, or C as tl e, b ei ng m o re p o w e rfu l
t ha nb o ld, o u g ht no t a t t he b e i n
g n i n t b
, g , o e
ex po s ed 1 n W as i n t he a dverse fra
y o f th e
Bis ho ps , Kniglitf a nd aw n P
s i t wo u ld b e eas il
, y
ta ken, o r at leas t s hu t up .
A t t he end o f t he gam e, ho wever, i ts force au g

m ents so m u c h, t ha t i t so m eti m es dra ws the
ga m e aga i s t n t he Q u ee n and , is a dm i ra b le in
m aki ng a dra wngam e b y perpetual check .
G E N ERA L R U L E S .
W e ou ght , as m u c h as
po ss i b l e , to prevent the
A dvers a ry fro m do u b ling hi s Roo ks , pa rt i c u l arly
w hent here is a n openi ng i n t he ga m e ; t here
fo re, i nsu c h a cas e, i t w ill b e pro per t o seek a n
ex cha nge w i th o ne o f t he sa id Roo ks .
It m ay b e u sefu l to advis e t he lay er no t to P

leave his o w n Ro o k en cl o s ed a t t he en d o f the
ga m e i nco n
, seq u ence o f w is hi ng t o
p re ve n t t he
adva nce o f t he a dv ers e Roo k s aw n , b y p l a c i n

’
g P
i t i n i ts sec o nd s q u a re , or i n i ts ow n s qu a re
aga i P
ns t t he a w n a rrived a t the sa id Rook s ’
seco n d or t hi rd s q u a re ; s i nce i f t he en em y b e , ,
s i de t he sa i d P
a w n s ha l l ha ve a B is ho
, p he m ay ,
en cl os e t he Roo k w i th i t pl ac i ng i t ,i n t he
Kn i g ht s sec o nd s q u a re o r i nt he K night s o wn
’ ’
,
’
s q u are, w here it w o u ld b e g u a rded b y i ts Rook s
P a wn .
“11 .
—
B is hop s .
T he b es t pos i tio nof the B is ho ps , i nthe b eg

'
ni ng of the ga m e, a nd es pecia l ly of the K i ng s

'
B i s ho p, i s t he fo u rt h s q u a re of i ts co m pa ni on,
w here i t acts a dm i ra b ly i nt he attacks T he la y er . P

Ki n
’
s ho u ld, if poss i b le, ose the a dverse g s
o
pp
E R C O LE DA L RIO ON C H E S S .
Bis ho p w ith his o wn ueens Bis ho p , a theQ ’
K ing s thi rd ; an
’
d it will be well 10 u cba ge n
M
t he sai d adverse Ki n
’
g s Bis ho p, e i t he r wi t h th s
i
or so m e o ther Piece . if opport un
ity 95m
No t b ei ng n
e ab led to place the Bis hops as s ho w.
t he b es t pos i t io ns rem a i ni ng fo r t hem a re, the
Ki ng
’
s a nd Q u ee ns thi rd sq uares
’
.
It i s to b e o bs erved, n as a g e era l
rul e t hat, ,
P
whena lay er i s s t ro n g i n Pa w n s i t i s
p p
r o e
, r to
effec t ex c ha n h h A d
’
g es w i t t e v er sa r y s B is h op s ,
t hey b ei n e t ha n t he Bo o k s t o s to
’
g m o re ab l p
t he prog res s o f t he sa id awn s P .
When a Pl y
a er has a B is h o
p ru nn i ng o n a
white diag o n a l , he s ho u ld
p l ace his Pawn s o n
the b lack s q ua res ; the Bis hop b ei n g t hu s s nap
b l ed to preven t t he a dverse K i n g o r o t he r Pi ec e
fro m i n tro duci n g t hem sel ves b et wee n t he P wna s .
Few play ers observe t his , w hich is very ess e ntial .
A lt ho u g h t he Bis ho ps nd the K nights di fi er

'
not hi ng i nt heir val u e d fi n

’
, y et so me i ere ee is , at
t i m es , ca us ed b y the s tate of t he game, b y the
pa rt ia l i ty o f t he Pl y a ers , o r b y g reater dextfl ity
i nt he m a na e m en
g t o f o n
e t hant he o ther But , .
b ecause som e wi ll ha ve that the Kn

ig ht inW .
E R C OL E DA L R IO ON C HE S S .
b o th defen nd o fiends
'
o b l iq u e chec k, ds a
not effected b y t he K night .
7 . T he B is ho p, i nco m pa ny w i t h t he Rook,
wi ns t he ga m e a ga i ns t t he Roo k, whic h is no t the

c ase w i t h t he K nig ht .
T he adverse nno t i nves t a nd ta ke the

King ca
B is hop as he ca n p u rs u e a n
, d ta ke the K night
w henfo u nd i nce rta i ns q u a res .
9 . The B is ho p nc o nfi ne t he K nig ht and

ca ,
even t h i t i l l t h K i n m th er
p r s eg ress e , g o r s o e o ,
P i ec e a rri ve to ta ke hi m as i f the K n
, ight were
,
i na n y qs u are a t t he s i des o f t he b o a rd a nd t he ,
B is ho p pla ces hi m self i nt he fo u rt h s q u are i na ,
right l i n e dis ta n, t fro m t he K n ig ht ; w hi ch the

Kn ig ht ca n no t do a ga ins t the B is ho p .
1 0 By discoveri n
.
g t he B is ho p , c heck m y
b e g ivenb y t wo , w hich ca nno t b e the case with
t he K night .
11 . F i n lly a , t he Rook s
’
P n ca n s om et im es
aw
s u cc ee d i nQ u ee ni ng i ts el f a a in
g s t t he K ni g ht ,
b ut never a ga i ns t t he Bis ho
p . Other prero
ga t i ves m ay b e found i n the Bis hop, which
GE N E RA L R U L E S .
dis cover them selves i n t he cou rse of t he
W e
IX .
-
Kn
ig ht s .
The q ual ifi es of t he K n ight , b y which it

a ppea rs s u peri o r to t he Bis hop, a re the fo l lo w
in g, viz
T he K n ight , i nco m pan

’
l '
.
y w i t h t h e Bo ok s
Pa wn, co m m o nly w i n
s t he ga m e ; w h i c h ca nno t
b e don
e by a B isho p not co m m a ndi ng t he las t
s q ua re o r cor er, n w here P
t he sa id a w nas pi res
t o q u ee ni ts elf .
2 . T o the check of t he K night t here i s no

co ver,w hich i s t he g rea t ex pedient o f the K ing ,
as there m ay b e t o t he c heck o f t he Bis ho p .
3 . The K ing, checked b y t he Q u ee n three

,
s q u ares dis ta nt , i na rig ht line, co veri ng wi t h t he

Kni ght , ca nno t b e aga i n checked b y her a t t he
follo wing m o ve, w hich t he Bis hop co u ld not
efl
'
ect .
4 T he K n
. ight goes al ternately o na white and
n
E R C OL E D A L R IO O N OR E “ .
a b la ck s q uare , whic h is a g reat ntage in

a dva
p u rs u i ng a nd t a ki ng t he a w ns , P and fo r othn '
s ervi ces , w hic h is no t perm itt ed t o t he Bis hop:

hence, t he B is ho p i s m as ter of ha lf t he C hen
b oa rd o nly , vi z .
—
of t he s q u ares o f his co lum n
w hereas t he K nig ht nru nover a l l t he s q ua ts
ca ,
evenw i t ho u t t o u chi n g a n y o n e o f t h em a seco nd

t i m e t ha t is i ns ix ty fo u r lea ps o n
M
—
, ly ; as is sues
-
b y t he three el ega n t l itt le ta b les take nfro m

M
r .
JOza nam s
. a t he m a t ica l Rec rea t i o n
’
s
”
an d ,
p laced a t t he e n d o f t he
prese n t c h a p ter ; w hich
dem o n s tra tes t he perfec t pro o rt i o n w hic h the
p
l ea p o f t he K n ig ht a lthou g h o bl i q u e has ona
, ,
s q u are .
5 The K nig ht lea ps

. o ver a ny Pi ece or P wna
a
pri vi l ege ex c l u s i vely i ts o wn.
The K n
6 . ig ht i n m a ny q
s u ares , a t a s i n
gle
check , ca na tta c k seven, and even eig ht difier

‘
e nt Pi eces of t he n
e em y s u ch po wer is not in
t he B lS ll Op .
7 . Bo th t he Knights m u t ua lly defend m ch

o ther ; w hic h ca nno t be done by t he Bis hops .
8 . In i ntrica te ga m es , the Knig ht e nters , an

d
52 E RC O L B nx r . a m o n c rres s .
yet be fo u nd i n t he K night , whi ch a re known
b y pra ct ice in the ga m e .
X .
—
Ou t he P a wn
s .
It i s so necessary for a Pl y a er t o keep his orb

P wn w ll
a s e regu l a t ed, t ha t o ne o ly nb ei ng id
w it ho u t n
co m pe s a t io n , eve ni nt he fi rs t m over,
is qu i te su ffic ient to re nder the ga m e l ost by its
nat u re ; as ha s b eenpract ical ly pro ved o nfie
Ch ess -
b o a rd t o m a ny i nc redu l o u s la y ers P .
T he Pl y a er s
’
fi rs t attent io ns ho ul d b e b es towed
o npla y i ng wel l the P aw s, n w hich fo rm the firfl
a tta cks a n d defe n c es ; fro m t he g oo d o r b ad dis
s i t i o no f w h ich ge n eral ly depen d s t he victory,

po
o r loss o f the ga m e : s o tha t P hili dor call s t hem

the s o u l of Ch es s .
W hen the K ing

’
s a nd Q u ee ns Pa wns
’
are at
the fo u rth q s n o t w ell t o advan

u a res , it ce is
either o f t hem a t l ea s t u n
, less t he A dversary ,
s ho u l d fo rce a nex c han g e o r t h e ad va nce o f th e ,
a tta cked a wnP H

ere i t s ho u ld b e o b served
.
,
P
t ha t t he a lm s pos ted i nt he said fou rth s qm m
g rea tly p rev e nt th e a d v erse P i eces f rom t h in g

nnu nu r. nu ts . 63
n
i t!adva tageous p os i tio n , or indnu ating t hem
n
Rl'fl i to the ga m e . Thi s ru le m ay serve
equall for a ll t he Pa w ns , s it u a ted i nt he
M
sam e
y
yer.
h e sa d K gn d Q ueens
n Pa wn t he
’ ’
i i s a s, are
” amen
dm e nt s “the
al i
py n
g t he centre t hey b et ter preven
, t the a t
ht k by the a dverse Pi nd ha v i ng t wo
eces : a ,
bodies of Pa w ns separa ted from the cen t re t he ,
Player s ho u ld en deavou r to i n creas e t he s t ro n g

a p ,
t ; u t h a vi ng t w o P a w n s i n t h e c en t re h e ,
gt t n fi
l ll l l l u ite b et e as m a n o f t he o thers as
y p os
i bh ; ha vi n g a lr ea d y o bs erv d
e t h a t t h e P a wn s .
( th e ce nt re a re th e s t ron ge s t a nd t he re fo r e,th e
As n
a g e era l ru l e layer ou ght n
, t he P
ot eas ily
t0 determ i ne o n u s hi n
p g fo rw a rds t h e a wn s of P
either wi n b efo re t he a dverse K i n has es s tl ed
g , g
benzene o b b l h w ill l w t i n
p r , a y e a
, a y s re re o
M
the side o f t he Pa wn s les s a dva n ced a n d co u se ,
leu j na s tute t o i n j ure h il l .
Ah douli ed, w hm m nou n

a, ded by t hree
. .
q dtlul wn
t hel Pa m , ca n no t b e acco u n
'
‘
t ed dis
'
54 E R C OL E nu . a m o nc l a ss .
A P wn
a , separa ted fro m his co m panio ns , is
ra rely ab l e t o effect a ny thi ng o f co nseq uence .
A P wnp
a ass ed — t ha t is , w hich ca nnot be
s topped b y the A dversary , ex cept w i t h Pieces,
m ay eas il y cos t o ne , to prevent i t fro m b ecom i n
g
a Q n; t he Bis hop Vida
u ee sayi ng t ha t
, , to such
nim b le a wns P ,
Gloria pro peti hu plan

tis. ct pl urim m
P wna s t oo fa r a dva nced m ay com m o n

ly be
recko ned as l os t : therefo re, t wo P wn a s at t he
fo u rth s q u ares are o fte nof m o re va l u e t ha ni f t hey
were t wo s q u a res fa rther a dvanced ; b eca us e ,
b ei ng t hus at a dis ta nce fro m t heir ce n tre ,
t hey m ay properly b e com pa red to t he dead s en

ti nels i na na rm y .
XL K in d Qu eens Ga m bi a
n
’ ’
g s a
—
.
T he Ga m bi t is m a de b y the Pl y a er ha vi n
g
t he adva ntage o f t he fi rs t m ove : a ga m e fertile
ins na res nd deceits ; and t herefore m ay eas ily
a
o ppress t he i ncau tio us On e is called t he Ki n

’
s
.
g
Ga m b i t a nd the o ther the Q ueens T he first
’
, .
56 m enu o n no . o nc a s es .
Xl l .
-
Tlee P ia no Go ne .
T he Pi no Ga m e
a is nnderu ood hy t he Flew ,
ha vi ng t he l ead, la
p y gi n a t t he fiu t zm ovc h
K ing
’
s P
a w n t wo s uares : a t t he s econ
q d, :the -
Ki ng
’
s Knig ht to th e Bi s ho p s t hi rd ;
’
' a nd s t th
,
third, t he Ki n Bis ho p to the Q a eens Bn

’
hops
’ ’ '
g s .
fo u rt h : t he A dversary an s weri ng the firs t m on,

-
w it h t he K i ng
’
s P wnt w
a o s
q u a res ; t he secon
d,
wi t h t he Q ueens K n s t hi rd,
’
ight to t he B is hop
’
.
nd t he t hird w it h t he K i ng s Bis hop t o the

’
a
Q u eens B is ho p s fo u rt h
’ ’
.
T his is t he b es t b o pe ni ng o f a l l o thers , ecause
the m os t ferti le i n s u b tleties and adve ntures ;

w hich fe w Play ers u n dersta n
.
d i n t hei r full . .
ex tent ; and as t hes e depen d o nt he s u b s eq uen

, t
fo u rt h m ove, fro m which are fOt m ed the m ay
a nd so m u lti pl i ed n wherefore for ra m ificat io s ; ,
g rea te r
p rec is i o n i nt he S econd Pa rt t wa o pt,l l ,
ing s o f th e P i a no gam e are gi ven

-
.
.
Int he Pi n g m i t i m
a o .
a e, s a o ve o f m a s q ue”
h th Q n P wn t nt ; n
d
’
t o pu s e u ee s a o i ts ex te a ,
t herefo re, to kn o w wheni t. o ug ht to b e pa i n
MM
ed,
“
.
an
M nM
d whenn o t , and, p u s hed by the .
wheni t o u g ht to be ta ken, o r ile -

G E NE RA L R U LES .
Bis hop s hou ld ra ther be the fo llo wi g

ret ired, n
rul es m ay serve for li ght a nd directi on
The Qu eens
’
P wn p
a us hed t wo s
q uares,
bein
g com m o nly a m o ve o f a ttack, is t herefore
m ore freq u en tly pu s hed b y hi m who has the
adva ntage o f t he fi rs t m o ve ; as , i nco nseq uen
ce
of t ha t m o ve, he is m as ter of the a t tack .
T he sa id Q ueens
’
P
ns ho u l d no t b e pushed
aw .
t wo s q uares u n , Q
l ess t he u eens Bis hop s P a wn
’ ’
hl s a lraa dy b eenm o ved o n e s tep w hic h defen ds ,
it ; ex cept i nsom e few cas es whic h are i n dicated

,
i nthe fo llo wi n g d i rect i o ns
W henever the Pl ya er, ha vin

g t he m o ve, has
al ready cas t led wi t h the K in n B nd

’
g i t he o o k s , a
the k i nt he K i n t hen f h hi
’
g s s
q u are, , i t e w te
A dversa ry s hall take t he K in g s B i s ho p s a w n ' ’

P
wi th t he B i s ho p, t he Black, ha vi n
.
g p y la ed the
Boo k t o the Bis ho p s s q u are, o ught, as his b est

’
m o ve, i m m edia tely to pus h t he u eens Q ’

P wna
t wo s q uares ; a l t ho u gh, i nt his cas e, the ns Q u ee ’
B i s ho p s ’
P
nm ay no t ha ve
aw beenm oved o n
e
s tep a n
, d t ha t i n fa vo u r of t he po werful a t tack
which is deri ved fro m i t , n the adverse Ki n

o g s
’
Bishop s ’
P wna : a n
d if t he Wh ite do n ot t ake .
E R C O L E DA L B IO ON C HE S S .
t he sa i d K i ng
’
s Bis hop s
’
P wnwith hi
a s Bishop,
b u t does ny t hi ng else except cas t ling with the
a ,
Bo o k i nt he K i n g s s q u are a nd th e K i n
’
an
g y ,
where ; t he Bla ck m a y pu s h t he sa id ueen s Q ’
Pawn , a fter ha vi ng fi rs t m o ved t he u een ’

s Di Q
s ho p s
’
P aw n o ne s tep as is a l rea dy
, s u ppos ed,
where t he co nt ra ry is not no t ifi ed .
Whenthe Bla ck, ha vi ng t he m o ve , has cast
led wi th K i ng i nK ni ght nd B ook i n K i ng s

’
s, a
’
s q u are he m a y li kewi se pu s h t he
, u eens awn Q ’
P
two s q u ares i n ten ding if t he A dversa ry ta ke i t to
, , ,
p us h t he K in g s a w n a
’
n oPt h er s q u ar e o n t he ,
adverse K i n K n h h d h d
’
g s i g t : a l so s o u l t e A v
, er
s ary n o t ta ke i t t o
p u s h ,t h e sa id u ee n s a w n Q ’
P
an o ther s u a re o nt he a dverse
q u ee n s K n i h
g , t Q ’
t hrea ten in g t o en c l m i t i f i t fl y t,o t h e R o c k s

’
fo u rth w ith t he i n ten t io no f pu s hi n h K n ’

, g t e i g s
P a w na n ot her s u are ; w hi ch m o ve o u g ht to be
q
m ade when ever t he W hi te has a l rea dy cas tled i n
the sam e m a n ner as the Black b u t i f incas t lin g , ,
he has placed t he Ro ok i nthe Bi shop s s qu are

’
,
the Black o u ght t o reta ke t he a wn wi th the P

P a wn .
Whennei ther Pl ya er m ay ha ve y et cast led,
the Black m ay pus h the sa id Q u ee ns Pawn t o

’
60 w OL E
lz DA L m o ON c u s ss .
pres ervi ng i t i n a dva nta ge : l i ke w is e w hen[ 1 ,
m ay ha ve his K i n s Kn h h Ad
’
i
’
g g t a t t e ve rs ar :
y
K ing
’
s K nig h t s fou r
’
t h a tta cki n
g ,t he W h i t e
Kin g
’
s B is h o p
’
s a w n i P
n w h i c h case
, t he A d re t
s a ry is a cc u s t o m ed to p us h t he Q ueens
’
P awn
two s
q u a res , t o free hi m self fro m t hat attack;
fina lly , w hent Black m ay ha ve als o m ai led,

o r,
h e
a nd ha ve t he B o ok i nt he K i ng sq
s uare
’
.
Inthe o pe ni n
gs of t he Pino Gam e we shall
a ,
co m e t o t he practica l dem o ns trat ionof t hese
t heo ret ica l p rm m ples .
T A B LB 8
q u o m nA BOVE AT § l x .
I .
—
OF M . DE M M ONT A RTE .
B RC OL E DA L B IO ON OR B “ .
CHA PTER V .
Of t he p ri n
cipa l Wri ters onthe Game p oi nt in
g , out t he
E di t ions qu o ted i s t his Work .
1 . Da m ia no, a P o rtug u es e, was the fi rst who
ga ve to t he pu b l ic a l i ttle w o rk nti tled

e , Li
bell i t is s im i p a rt it i revis t i 4
'
recorrect i . 0011
m m dilig ent ia nda ti da m o l ti f a m ous
em e
s im i Gi oc a t ori InI in g
. u a S a
p g no la c t I t a li
a aa . C omp os t o p er D a m ia n o P ort ug ues e , .
P ri n t ed a t Ro m e b y A n to n i o Bla di de As ula
, ,
i n 1 524 . T
his a u t hor m eri ts dis ti n g u is h e d
a ise b e ca u se he w as the fi rs t w ho w ro te on
p r ,
this s u b ect a n j d b eca u se he ex pla i n

, ed m a n y
o rigi n al s u b t leti es w hi c h m a n y h v e b ee n l ea
, a
p
sed to reco py am o n , gs t w hi c h a re t he s m o t h e re d
C hec k m ate o f t he K n
-
ight a n d the ga m e called
,
Da m ia n o s Go m i tto w hich w i ll a l wa ys b es tow

’
,
o nhim a nho n o u ra b le rem em b ra n ce H is s m all .
b ook ho wever is n
, o t s u ffi cien
, t to m ake a go od
Pl ya er, because i t wan ci pa l Open
ts the pri n in
gs ;
BBC OLB D A L R IO OH 0 3 388 .
1 58 4 . Thi wri ter m ade b u t lit tle pro gre- afier

s
Dam iano ; he, a lso , ha vi ng fl ew o peni n s

g , and
these so inco nc l u s i ve a nd defective , t ha t b e
St udent n lea rn very little from t hem

ca He .
was a ba rren gen i us a n

, d en t irely deprived of
t hat en t hus ias m which is so n ecessa ry particu ,
larly i nthe at ta cks . In al tern t

p g i n t o c e n s ur e
Dam ia n o he com m i tted s evera l m is takes, an

,
d
b ot h hi s tra n s lat or a n d pri n ter en dea vo u red by ,
co n t en di n g w i t h t h e a u tho r him s el f to add error ,
t o erro r .He lays do w n as a pro ba b le opi n

, ion ,
t ha t t his ga m e was i n ven C

ted i n as t i lle ; b u t it
is no t kno wn w ha t o ther reaso nhe ha d for it,
ex cept hi s n a t ion a l i ty . He a ls o l oses hi m s elf in
g a m es w h er e a dva n ta g e is g i ve n .H is fe w e n d s
of ga m es add b u t l i tt le l ight an ,d his ru les are

co n fu sed an d co nt radict ory Not co n
. t en t to ex
p r es s g rea t d i s da i n t o w ar d s D a m i a no he t
, r a w l
al l t he I P
ta l ian lay ers i nt he s a m e m a n ner : but
he o u ght t o ha v e b eenu n deceived b y t he very
m ortifyi n g d e fea t w h ic h h e r ec e i ved fr o m L e e
C
nardo of u tri i n t he presence of hi li p l l
, P .
Kin g o f S p a i n ; as i s rec or d e d b y Sa l vi o i n th e
fift h cha pter o f book Il page 25 .
3 . A lexa nder S a l vio , a la wyer of Na ples ,

flouri shed ab ou t the nd of
e the six teenth cen
W R IT E RS O N T HE GA M E .
t ury , a nd com pos ed a wo rk, the la s t editi o nof

w hich was pri nted at Na ples , b y Felix os es , M
i n1 7 23 T his was
. the m os t i n geni o u s m as te r
of his t i m e ; co pio us i n o penings a nd j u dicio us
i nhis pa rt ies He a dded g rea t i m pro vem en

. ts
to t he ia n P
o Ga m e, a nd to t he K i ng
’
s Ga m b it ,
whic h s hew h is g rea t penet ra t i o n B u t wha t di

.
m inis hes t he a dva n ta ge of t hos e w ho s tu dy hi m ,

is his w a nt o f m ethod, co nfou ndi ng t he o pe ni ngs
wi th t he pa rt ies , ndi ng no w w ha t he had
repre he
befo re ro osed a nd di rec t i ng s o m e t i m es t h

p p , e
White , a t o t hers t he B lac k o ftenw it ho u t po i n

, t
in
g o u t t he fi rs t fa u l t of t he l oser, a l thou g h it
wo u ld m is t so m u ch to lea rn t ha t fi rs t m o ve
whic h des t ro y s t he eq ua li ty o f t he ga m e . He
a ls o is very n ga m es where a dva nta ge is
didu ss
'
g i ven, o nt he ver y u nce rta i no rig i no f ha s , a nd C

o nthe q u a rrels a n d dis pu tes o f va ri o us layers P ,
whic h is pro duc t ive o f l it t le pleasu re a n d lea

ro fi t t o thos e w ho w is h to b e i ns t ru ct ed i nt he
p
a rt ific es o f t he ga m e .
4 Do n
. Pi t C
e ro arrera , of M ilitello , i n the
Va ll ey di No to , i n Sic ily , was bo rn i n 1 57 1 ,
and died 1 6 47 , ha vi n g c o m pos ed a wo rk, di
in b oo ks , which was pri n
M
vided to eig ht ted a t
i l iu llo , in 1 6 17 , b y Gio de Rani He is
’
.
a
RE CO LE DA L R IO ON 0 11 388 .
m ore i o us and m o m et hod i ca l t ha n Da m i

co
p re
a no and Lo pez, b u t very i n feri or to Salvio

b eca use “s nd he has not three
hu m i ,
”
erp i l a
sc ien t ific m o ves of his o wn i n al l his b o ok ,

.
T he m o re ca pa b le he was i ni m ita tio n the m ore ,
un ha ppy was he i ni nventi o n He is to o m u ch .
occu pied o n t he ga m es of o t hers ; a n d i t were

b etter t ha t he ha d n o t s poken o f Sa l vi o , t ha nto
ac c u s e hi m o f m i s ta kes w here n on e ex is t an d ,
o m i t t ho s e errors w hic h are rea l ly t o b e fou n d .
F ro m his m a n i fo ld w o rks o f va ri o us ki n ds may

b e dedu ced tha t he w as m o re vers ed i nS ici lian
,
an t iq u i t ies t ha ni n hess
, C H e w as t he i n
. ven tor
of a n ew Boa rd o f e ighty s q u ares
, w hereinhe,
a dded t w o i ec es ca l led C a m i o n nd C n t
p p e a e, a ur;
b u t t his t ho u ght ha d n o b etter s u ccess thanthat
of P
ia cen za a n d of a ri nM
el l i w i t h t heir n
, ew
C hess b oa rds w hic h w ill b e n

, o t iced
p rese n tly .
He wo u l d ha ve b eenless t i res o m e i f he had rea

son ed less o n t he o ri i n o f t he m nd of
g ga e a ,
t he co u n try t i m e a n
, d m o t ive o f i ts i n
, ven tion ;
fo r a ft er a grea t s hew o f eru dit io nit w as n ecel .
'
sa ry fo r hi m to co n c l u de :
5 Gioa chin
. o Greco , b ett er kno wn by the
ER C OLE DA L B ID ON el l . 8 .
a ca dem ies o f t he gam e, a t P a ris a nd A m s terch n .
s hou ld a do pt him as a m ode l, and ho w Bl yle,

i nhis Hi t s orica l Dict io nary , a fii rm s t hat the
C a la b rise di d not fi nd a Pl y
a er e u al t o
q hinsefl
'
i na n y pa rt of the wo rld, whenhis work does

no t s hew it a nd whenwe a lso learnfro m Sel
t he en he was i n
Mn
'
vi o , at d of Book th t fi
ri or to -
al a o .
6 . Fra ncisco n of Pi
u ri n, l i ed i nthe
ace za ,
v T
eighteen th a n d died i n t he b eg i n
, ni ng of the
ni netee nt h cent u ry leavi ng a wo rk which con ,
ta i ns no th i ng o f i m po rta nce ex c ep t i ts t itle , ,
w hi ch is as fo llo ws I C a m p egg i a m en t i dg b
m o o ndis dp li n
’
Sca cchi , o s ia a d a t t a c ch ,
’
i i del Gi uoco deg li S ea och , d

'
f es e, e p a rt t
nell o s t i le ant i co , che n o A rt is a nchi n
et m o n -
s:
s t ra t a g em m i , ed im n
zioni del D o t t .di Leg”
F ra ncis co P i a cen
za A eca dem Im obik
'
oo .
In T ori n o p er A nt on i o B el tra u di , l
T hese en ca m pm en ts co n s is t i n so m e m is erable
pos i t i o ns of h C
ec k m a tes , s om et im es at a dis
-
ta nce fro m , so m eti m es near t o the Ki ng; n

ow
i nthe n
co r er, no w i n the m iddle of t he Bon
d ,
a nd s o m etim es with a pa rticula r Pa wnor Pia!

i na s pecified s q ua re al l which are so s i lly an
d,
in conclus ive, t hat the stu dent, however patien t

a l l l ON T HE GA M E.
he m ay he, cann ot deduce a n yp r o fit from t hem .
It is tota lly defect ive i nRu les a nd Open in s

g , not
b ri ng m o re t ha nt wo or t hree b eginni ngs of
gam es , whic h sca rcely ex te nd t o three m o ves

nd a l tho u gh he t hat he has won m an
M
a says y
pis to les of D oct o r Bel lo i , a g ent l em a n o f o
den a , his b o ok does n o t a l lo w him t o b e co n

si dered eve na m odera te He nPl y
o t ices
a er.
s evera l ru les , o r cu s to m s o f play i n n

M M g, a m o g t he
a, oo rs , a n H
d eb rews of t he Leva n t ; b ut
the wors t is , t ha t he o m i ts t he g rea ter pa rt of t he
Ital ianru les He m e n . t io n

s t he P ezzo di t re ua ,
g
P iece of tru ce,) u sed i nt he Eas t, w hi ch Da
(or
m ia n o cal ls P ezzo fi da t o (o r tru s ted iece,) t o P

whi ch is acco rded t he pri vi lege of no t b ei n
g
t hen, u nless when ac t u a lly ng t he En
a ttacki e
my . His A rch Ch ess -

b oa rd co n
, s i s ti ng of a
hu n
dred s q u ares , to which he a dded t wo ieces , P
nam ed a Dec u ri o na n d a en t u ri o nC
, di d not
th n C
’
meet a b etter fa te a a rrera s o f eig hty
nd t ha t hu n nd thirty s ix
Philip Minll
squares , a of a dred a -
squ ares of ar e o, of Na ples , w ho

inven ted i t wi th a view to t he am usem en t of three
e c w h o cou ld play at i t a t the sa m e t i m e,

p t e u
as he hi m self declares i nt he preface to his l i tt le
M
.
Book, pri nted at Naples , by Fel ix os es , i n
17 m The ge n
. eral disapprobationof these n ew
E RC OL E D A L R IO O N C H E SS .
Ch ess b o a rds a
-
nd A rc h Ch ess -
b oards , is a proof,
no t at a ll eq u i vo ca l , of t he m ore co nven
ien
t ,
and m o re nt sy m m et ry o f o u rs a dopted
el ega ,
du ri n g so m a n a g es n
y o t o nl y b y a ll Eu rope
, ,
b u t a lso i n o t her pa rts o f the w o rld as travel ,
l ers a n d his toria ns a g ree i na fli rm i ng .
7 . J os eph Berti n, a nEng lis hm a n, w ro t e a little
w o rk nt his ga m e ent it led

o , , no b le Gm
T he
of C hes s c o nt a i ni n
g R u l es
, and Ins t rnction
t
f or t he
f use o t ho s e w ho ha ve a l rea dy a little
kno wl edg e of t he Ga m e P rint ed a t L ondon .
in W ha te ver ha s b eens a id o f Gioachin

o
Grec o , ig ht b e repea ted o f t his a u t ho r ; who is

m
even po o re r i n o pe ning ,
s o m i t t i ng a l l t hos e of
t he Pi n G a o am e . T he fo u rt ee n pa rt i es , placed
at t he nd a re t o
e , b e fo u nd, pa rt i nS ta m m a , an d
p a rt i n t he C a la b rese fro m w hi c h every o n
e
m ay j u dge o f t he m e ri t du e t o him .
8 T he A n
. ony m o u s Mn o de ese , who pu bl is hed
his b o o k i n1 7 50, is t he m os t m ethbdical nd a
in s t ru ct i ve o f a l l nho ha ve w ri t te n hi t he rto on
t h is s u b ec t j H i s ne w disc o veries i n t he open

.
,
in g s a n d e n d s o f g a m es a re very de se rvi ng,of

c o m m en da t i o n A n e n em y t o s u perflu i t he
.
y ,
has a ddres s ed him self m o re to la y ers t hanto P

B ROOL B DA L 3 10 ON
hi s P refa ce, tha t al m os t al l o f them had practi

ca l ly ha ppen
ed to hi m ; b u t there is s o m u ch of
in efio rt m t hei r pos i t io ns , t ha t n
ob d y
'
dus tri o us
co u ldb e pers u aded o f i t His a lgeb ra ieal l l a .
thod o f no ta t io nb y w ay o f let ters , nu m b ers , fl
cro ss a , a ppea rs very eas y i npri nt . Thi s T u rkfi

w ri ter pretends t hat Eu ro pe has no Pla yets cm
pa ra b l e to t ho se o f Sy ria ; a p p
ro os i t i o nso a n
d
t he m o re co u ra geou s , as it is t he less pro ved by
his b oo k, where se vera l o f his sa i d pa rt ies , which
ou g ht to be of certa i n sc ience , are evide n

tly
defect ive .
D Phi lido r, w ho pri n

10 A. . . te d his b ook in
Lo ndo ni n1 7 49 , tho u g ht to ha ve an a ly s ed C hm
w i t h t he ex pos i t io no f ni ne ga m es W hether he
.
s u cc eeded i ni t , Ilea ve to t he sag e a nd i m partnl

'
co nno is s eu rs of t he ga m e . Ifi nd hi m a very
pers picu ous a n

d enl ig ht ened Pl y
a er ; b u t [ also
find, t ha t , w i th a dm i ra b le fra nkn
es s , he ts ku
for gra n ted , s o m e pro pos it io n s q u it e erro n eous
s u ppo s ing h is rea de rs m o re c red u lo us t ha n they

o ug ht to be . Am ongs t his va rio u s erro rs , t wo
a p ea r
p to m e to b e t he pri nci pa l . T he first is,
to a ss u m e a s a m a x i m , t ha t the Pl y a er ha vin
g
t he fi rs t m o ve o ug ht al m o s t al ways to b e the
C o nqueror , as he says at t he end o f t he ti nt Beck
WR IT E RS OH I ] . C A N E .
Gene of the secon n

M
d party ; which dem o s tra ta ,
he was not acq ua i nted w it h t he pro per (k

tel sces The s econd is , to pret en
'
. d t ha t he, als o,
who bu t t he firs t m ove, ca n not , after the t wo
Ki ng s
’
a w n
s ,P l
p y
a a t t he s ec o nd m o v e, e i t h er
the K i n n
’
K
’
g s ig ht t o t h e Bi s ho p s t hi rd , o r t he
Queens Bis hop s

’ ’
P wn a o ne s tep ; b y w hic h he
repro b ates the g rea ter part of t he b es t o pen in s
g ;
wa s s hewn by t he letter o f t he A n on
Mn
8 y m o u s
ode es e to Loll i . Ont he o t her ha nd, i n t he

co n
duct of t he ga m es , he is m u c h dis t i ng u is hed
by t he m a n
a gem ent o f t he Pa w ns ; Iw is h Ico u ld
a y es m uch of t hat of t he Pi eces . T he m os t

valu ab le pa rt o f t his ren c h wri ter c o n F
s is ts i n
hi n o tes o ndi fiere n t m o ves , m a n

'
y o f w hi c h a re
tru ly i ns truct i ve . His dem o nst ra t io no f t he vie
tory of t he Bis ho p a nd Rook a ga inst a Roo k,

also ngu la r pra ise ; for a lt ho u g h it had
m eri ts si ,
beennot iced b y Ra y Lo pez a n d arrera i t had C ,
not been pla ced i n t ha t clear l ig ht i n w hich
this au thor has pres ent ed i t .
ll . Gis m tntt is ta Lo ll i , a Mn o de es e, p ro du ced
h rge vo l u m e, whi c h w as ri nted a t Bo logn

a
a p
i n1 7 6 3 . T his i s t he m os t la bo ri ou s w ri ter of
a n
y who has ntered this pro vi nce He has a
e .
gl u t m any p
o e ni ngs fu rnis hed wi t,h ru les a nd
E R C OL E D A L R IO O N C H ES S .
seas o a b le n nd b es ide so m e al
rem a rks ; a , M
ends o f a wn
, s on P
ly he reckons a hu ndred PI ,
ti es , co m po s ed c ert a i nly b y n Pla yers

ma y , but
w hich form a b et ter c o llecti o nt ha nt he hu n
dred
of Sta m m s . Oh
hea ds gi ve a g rea t value to
t er
t his wo rk, w hic h a re t he pro du ct io no f t he An

Mn
o
s y m o ns o de es e, o f w hic h m enti o n has been

m a de S o m e prete n
a b o ve d t ha t he has coul
.
m i tted m a n y m i s ta kes b u t w ho ca nb oas t him

sel f ex e m pt fro m t hem , es pec ia l ly i nw ri ti n
g so
larg e a vo l u m e ? Ia dm i t , t ha t he m ig ht have
ret ren c hed m a n y o f t he l es s i m po r ta nt d ec lara
t io ns, an d ex pla in ed m a n y o t he rs w i t h m o re pre
n T he i m m e nse s ize o f a b o ok dis hearten

c is i o . s
t he rea der a n d m an y ,t hi ngs a re l ea rne d m ore
a dva ntag eo u s ly ex a m i ned b y o u rsel ves , t ha ndo

,
c la red by o t hers .
12 . C ou nt C a rlo C ozio , of Mn o ferra to , was

the l as t w ho g a ve t o t he w o rl d a wo rk, i nt wo
vol u m es o c ta vo , p nt ed a t t he Ro a lri
y p ress of
T u ri n i n t he e n
,
d o f 17 66 H e has t o tally .
o m i tted t he n ec ess a ry t heo ry c o m m en ci ng a nd

,
t erm i na ti n t he w k w i t h t i l d m o n t
g or
p r a c ca e s ra
t io ns on ly taken i n a g rea t m eas u re, from

, ,
Da m iano Sa lvi o Greco a n

, d o thers w ithou t
, , , ,
however q uo ti n , g a ny o n e o f t h e m H e is t he .
DA L [ 1 0 O N Om .
so m u ch,nno t avo id su ch in
ca a dvertm eies : of
t he n
est m an
, y a re pro fi ta b le pa rti c ula
, rl y fi ss e
of t he Pa wns on ly ; a poi n t to say t he t ruth,

,
which has beensca rcely to u ched o nb y o thers .
M
So m e w riters a re here om itted, who have
t reated of ou r ga m e , e i t her his to ri ca l ly , a ar
cus A u rel i us Severi no, of Naples , or lega l ly ,
Tho m a A zzio of Foss o m b ro ne, or poet ica l ly , a
Jm
ero e Vida na b is ho p o f A l ba who,
o f C re m o , ,
not havi ng entered i nto the pra cti ca l m a n age
m en t o f t he Pi eces ha ve n
, ot in tera ted m e u
g i ve a n o pi ni o n on t he i r o th erw is e
p r o duc t i o ns.
T HE IN D OF P A R T F IRS T .
C
IN O M
P A RA B LE
GA M E OF C H E S S .
PA RT II
.
P RA C TIC E OF THE GA M E;
RS T DISBNOAGBN BNT OF THE PIEC ES

FI .
E R C OL E DA L B IO O N C H E SS .
as ha ppens i nt hose of the Clb a a rese, o f Bertin

,
a nd of Phi li do r, w ho ha ve thei r ga m es devised

w i t h certa i ntricks , m o re da ngero us i nt hem sel ves,
t ha ndecei tfu l fo r t he enem y .
Seco nd, A fter ha vi ng ex

plained t he s aid
s nares , I s hew the defences m os t

p p
ro er to
a vo id t hem , whe n t hey s ha l l be ex ecu ted by
t he A dvers a ry ; ndu cti ng the ga m e to
co til t
i nt a t w hich t he adva n ta ge o f t he fi rs t m ove
p o ,
m ay b e o verco m e w it h a neq u al ity of fo rce an

, d
o f s i tu a t i o n s i n c e t he sa id fi rs t m o ve ca nn ever
d c e a n a t ta c k so fi erce an d s o vigorol l ,
p r o u ,
t ha t i t m a y n o t ha ve i ts co rres po n den t rem edy ;

a lt ho u g h P hi lido r s a y s i nt he fi rs t Back Ga me
,
o f t he seco n d pa rty t ha t j o u a n
, t to uj ou rs hiss ,
dn np a rt et d a u t re cel tn qu i d le t ra i t , doit
’ ’ '
s u e t o u o urs g a g n f
p r e q j er y e t t he
p rac ti c e o
t he bes t P
la y ers c o n vi nces t ha t t he a dva n
, ta ge
o f t he m o ve does n o t co n tinu e lo n g er t ha n t he
t welft h o r fo u rteen t h m o ve ; o thers ex t en d i t to

t he eig hteen th .
T hird, E x perien ce ha vi ng s he wn t ha t t hos e
m as t ers , w ho ha ve u ndertaken to direct , wi th

co n
in s is tency of m ethod, so m eti m es the W hit e ,
a n
d som et im es t he Black, des troy t he i ns ges
T n P RA C T IC E O F T HE G A M E .
alrea dy co nc eived and confo u nd t he m em o ry of

,
the s t u dent : therefore t hro u g ho u t t his w o rk I

, ,
have preferr ed to direct a n d in s tru c t i n

, va ria bly
, ,
the P lay er o f the Black P ieces ta ki n g

, t he W hi t e
Finally , no t to fall i nto the defec t o f o thers ,
1 have i n dicated in every c ha pter t he fi rs t

, ,
erro r or fi rs t i rregu la r m o ve o f the W hi te A d

,
vers ar ; i nt he kn w l d f w h i h n i t t h
y o e g e o c c o s s s e
g reat er pro fi t o f t he p rac t i ca l s t u d y o f t he o pe n

lugs : a n d w here t ha t is t ho u g ht s u perflu o us ,
it will b e fo u nd int he Fi n al i n s tru c tio n w hich is

,
p p
ro os ed t o t he Bla ck, as his bes t g u ide .
82 n oon: na na m n ca ns
‘
o .
F IRS T OP E NING
M
OF T H E
P IA N O GA E,
IN W HIC H
THE THREE BE T M
ET HODS OF C ASTLING A RE PROPOSED
10 BE EFFEC IBD AT TH E FOU RTH

'
M OVE, BY THE
PLA Y ER W HO HA D THE FIRST M OVE .
W IT H
A FINAL IN STRUC TION TO T HE BL ACK .
O N H IS P ROPE R DEF EN CE,
T HE A DVE RS A RY HA VIN G T HE MV
O E .
A m ongs t t he Openin
s ixs
g , w hi c h fo rm t he
j
s u b ect o f t hi s S ec o n P
d art, t he t wo fi rs t pres en t
t h Pi n G m
e a o a es , as t hose which, i n t hei r be
g i nni ng nd progress
a , are m os t reaso na b le , nd
a
m os t co nfo rm ab le to t he ru les hi thert o ex
pl a i ned .
In fa ct , if the ni ng o f the P ieces

s peedy o pe ,
and their dis em barrass m ent for cas tl in is t he

g
T HE P IA N O G A M E .
CHA PTER I .
The B lack a t the fourth n f t he P ia no Goat s cas t l i n

sto e o
g
K in Rock s squ a re a n
'
t d Root: t o B is hop s
’
g o , .
1 .
B . K ing
’
s P wnt w
a o s
q u ares .
W . T he sa m e .
2
K ing K t to his B thi rd s q u are
’
s . . .
Q u eens K t to her Bis ho p s t hird s u are

’ ’
.
q .
3 .
K ing
’
s B to. Q . Bis hop s fo u rth s q u a re
’
.
The sa m e .
4
B . Cast les K in
—
g; t o Ro c k s s q ua re ,
’
a nd Rock
’
to Bis ho p s s q u are ;
W hich the White ca n a ns wer i nthree wa ys ,
viz
1 . K ing
’
s Roo k s
’
P wn n
a o e s tep .
2 . Q uee ns ’
P wn n a o e s te
p .
3 K in n '
K i h hi B h h d
’
.
g s g t t o s is o p s t i r .
Th erefore,
E R C OLE C H E SS .
§ 1 .
W . King
’
s Rook s
’
P wna o ne s te
p, t o
t he A dvers a ry
’
s K night s “
5 .
B . Q . B . P . o ne s tep .
FIRS T DE E N E F C OF T HE W HITE .
IV K . . K t t o his B t hi rd s q u a re
. . .
0 .
B . QP . . t wo s q u a res .
W . K P . . ta kes Q P . . as his b es t m o ve .
7 .
B . Q . B . P . ta kes i t .
W Ret ires
. t he a t ta cked B w here he pleas es
.
A m ove, of nsi ble beca use it reta rds the

i t s el f repre e h ,
goo d o p e ni ng o f t h e ga m e b y no t o ppo s ing i t

,s elf m or e a b ly
a a in t t h d nt o f t he firs t m o ve H o ht i ns t ea d
g s e a v a a g e c u
g .
,
of t his , t o ha ve pla y ed t he K i n Knight t o the Bi s hop s

’ ’
out g s
t hird, a cc o rdi ng t o t he sent im ent s o f t he be s t m a s ters , to be

a b le to y, f n
c a s t le s eedil
i p ec es s ary; a s w il l b e s uppo s ed in
5111 o f t he.
pres ent C ha t
p ,e r an d b etter is t he Fi ns!In s truc
t ioninfavo ur o f the Black.

88 E RC OL E nu . m o ON 03 8 59 .
W . K B to. . Q . K t t hird . .
8 .
Q P . . o ne s tep .
If he play K t t o a dv Kt Q . . . Q . . fo urth,
B la ck w i ns i t b y c hecki ng w i t h Q . at her
Ro o k s fo u rth If, i n
’
. s tea d, he play the
sa i d Kt . to i ts R fo u rt h, B la ck retira
.
t he a tta cked B . to his Q . t hi rd ; fi nally
w inning t ha t K t by pu s hi n
.
g Q . Kt P . .
t wo s
q u a res ; b u t lea pi ng t he Q . Kt . to
his K fo u rt h, .
9 .
B . Tk a es t he K t . w i th K . Kt .
, a nd t he White
ta ki ng t he K t w i t h t he P . .
, B l a c k pus hes
K . B . P . t wo s
q u res
a — ha vi n g a goo d
a tta ck .
W . Q P . . o ne s tep .
if
5 .
B . Q . B . P . o ne s q u a re .
W . If he play Q . Kt . to i ts Roo k s fo u rth,

’
T hi s i s not so goo d a m ove as K K t t o it s B

. . .
we ha ve before nders tanding i t a s a genera l rule to

noted u
la y K K t to i t s B t hi rd, when ever the A dvers ary s K P i s

p . . . . .
no t defended, a s int his case an d t he Q P on e s tep s honld . . ,
the A dversary K . P b e already guarded

’
s . .
T HE P IA N O GA M E .
Bla ck ta kes K B . . P . w it h K . B . check
ing; nd t hen pu s hes

a Kt t wo Q . . P .
s q u ares If i ns tea d he play

.
,B to , Q . .
K t hi rd Bla ck ex cha n
. i
g g n ,t h e B i s ho p s , ,
p lay s t o he Q
r K t thi rd a t ta cki n t wo
.
g .
,
Pa w n s ; an d W hi te reti ri ng t he t o Q .
her B s q u a re i ndefen
.
ce o f b o t h a wn
, s P ,
Black play s K K t t o adv K K t fo u rth, . . . . .
t o b e ena b led t o
pus h o
ppo rt u nely K B . .
P . t wo s q uares .
Bes ides t he t wo m etho ds of defen ce po i n ted

o ut , W hi te has t w o o ther way s o f play i ng,
viz
1 . K . K t to his B t hird s qu a re
.
. .
2 .
Q . B to A dversary s K K t fo u rth
.
’
. . .
Th ere fo re ,
FIRST D E EN E F C OF T HE W H ITE .
W . K K t t o his B t hi rd s q u a re
. . . .
6 .
B . K K t to
. . a dv . K K t fo u rth
. . .
W hite ca nno w a dva nce Q P . . o ne s te

p, or
cas tl e, a l l a C a l a bris t a . Th — erefo re,
Int he fi rs t p l a ce,
W . Advan
ces Q P . . o ne s tep .
E R C O LE D A L R 1 0 OH 0 3 388 .
B . K . P . ta kes i t .
W K Kt . . . reta kes t he P .
8 .
Q P . . t wo s q u ares .
If he ta ke the P . w it h K . P .
, B lack ta kes
K B . . P . w i th his K t .
, certa i no f reco ver
ing t he Pi ece , wi t h a b et ter s it u a ti o n .
Bu t i f, i ns tea d, he ret ire t he B t o K 2d . . .
9 .
Q P . . ta kes K . P .
If he t ake t he K t w i th his B . B la ck, re
ta ki ng t he B . w it h his Q . B .
, w ill ga i n
at l eas t a P aw n Bu t if i n
.
s tea d he , , ta ke
K . P . w i th Q . Kt .
,
10 .
B . Tk a es t he o ther Kt . w i th K . B .
,
-
e vi
dently ga i ni ng a Pi ece .
Int he s eco nd p l a ce,
C as t les , a lla C a la bris t a .
7 .
K B . . P . t wo s qu a res .
If he pla y B Q . . to a dv . K . Kt . fo urth ,
B lack p la y s Q . to K . s
q ; t
. hen W h i t e
l
p y g
a i n K R . . P . o ne
Black pl a y s s tep,
Q P . . o ne s t ep ; t hens ho u l d W hite ta ke
t he Kt w it h the P
. .
, or the B . P wi t h.
E RC OL E DA L R IO ON C H E SS .
If i ns tea d he ret i re t he atta cked B to Q . .
Kt t hird, B lack pus hes K R

. . . Pon the
.
K t — ha vi n
.
g a ga m e wo nb y i ts n
ature .
SE COND F C OF T HE WHITE
DE E N E .
W . Q . B to
. a dv . K K t fo u rt h
. . .
6
B . Q . t o her K t . t hi rd .
W hi te ca nno w pla y m any w ay s — Th erefor

e,
W . Q . K t to i ts R fo u rt h
. . .
7 .
B . K B ta kes K B P
. . . . .
—
g i vi ng check .
IV K t o hi s B s q ua re
. . .
8 .
Q . t o her s q u a re .
K takes t he B
. . as his b es t m o ve .
9
B . Pu s hes Q . Kt . P . t wo s q u ares , recoveri n
g
the Pi ece , preve nti ng the A dversary
fro m cas tl i ng , and w i th a gam e better
a rra nged for a tta ck.
T ll l P IA N O GA “ .
R e ti res Q B to K R fo u rt h . . . . .
7 .
B . L e a ps his K K t to adv K K t fo u rt h
. . . . . .
17 . If he take the K t wi th his Black takes . Q .
Q . Kt . P . w ith his Q . reco veri ng the

Piece wi th a P wn i na a dva nta ge , b ut
l
p y g
a i n i ns tea d K K t t o i ts R t hi rd . . . .
8 .
B . S t ill t akes the Q . Kt . P .
If he play Q . K t t o i ts R fo u rt h
. . .
9 .
B . C hecks w i th the B a t adv . . Q . Kt . fou rt h,

and W hite m ovi ng his K . Black reti res
his Q . to adv. Q . fou rt h,— havi ng a very
good ga m e .
T akes the K t wi th t he B . .
7 .
K B takes K B P
. . . . .
— c hecki ng .
K to his B
. . sq . -as his b est m o ve .
8 .
K Kt . . P . takes the B .
Q . to K B third
. . .
9 .
B . Is not to t ake Q . Kt . P . with the Q . be

94 B R OOL S nu . no o n c nzss .
ca use White wo ul d m ake as dra wn game

b y perpet u a l check, b u t ret ire his K .
B t o a dv K R fou rt h
. . . . .
K Kt . . P . o ne s tep .
10 .
T he a ttac ked B to i ts K t fo u rt h . . .
K R . . P . t wo s q u a res .
11 .
B . T he a tt acked B . to i ts R . t hi rd ; t henif
Vi hi te c heck w i t h t he Q . t aki ng the
do u b led P wn B la , ack co vers w i th the B .
at t he Kt . s eco nd , a nd w il l g i n
a a
Pi ece, ta ki ng Q K t P w ith the Q

. . . .
Int he f ou rt h p la ce,
W . Pl y Q a s . to K . seco nd , or B t hi rd s q u a re
. .
7 .
B . Q . takes Q . Kt . P . a ls o ga i ni ng a Pi ece .
Int he fif th nd la s t p l a ce a ,
Pl y Q
a s . to her s eco nd s q uare .
7 .
K B takes K B P
. . . . .
—
g i vi ng c hec k .
If he pla y K t o his B s q u are, H a ck ta kin

g . .
K K t w i t h his K B has evidently t he

. . .
.
a dva nta g e ; b u t i f he take t he B . wi th

t he Q ,
B B C OL B mu . no o n c a s es .
FIRST F C
DE EN E OF T HE WHIT E .
W . Q P . . t wo s q ua res .
6 .
B . K . P . ta kes t he Q P . .
W . If he play t he a tta cked Kt to its R fo u rth, . .
Black checks w it h K B a t adv Kt . . . Q . .
fo u rt h ; t henW hit e, as his b est m o ve,

co veri ng w it h t he B .
, Black plays ou t his
Q . nd rem a ini ng c o nsta nt ly
to K . s eco ,
w i th t he a dva nta ge o f a a w n Bu t if he P .
t a ke the do u b led a wnw i t h K K t P . .

,
7 .
B . Tk
a es the K . B . P . w it h t he K t .
1
’
W . K ta kes the K t
. .
a dv.K K t fourt h, Bla ck m ight lea ve a s p ris e t he K B P

. . . .
la in Q P o n t h oc ca s io n
i n h b n
Mn
p y g e s ep ;
. t us .
g t e em a rra ss m e t
described inC hap IV o f t he Ano n m o us ode ese b u t, as

. .
y ;
i t is better to cas tle a t t hi s s ta ge of the ga m e, we s ha ll reserve
i t for the followin g c ha pt er .
‘
1 H e co ul d a l so p u s h Q P tw o s q uar es ,
i n im i ta t io n .of .
o f t he pres en t Open ing, a nd of C h a p I II o f t h e t hird . .
Open ing; b o t here it s eem s b ett er t o take K B P i m m edi . . .
a tely wit h t he K t , as a m ore ex peditiou s m o ve, a s he ca n

. here
l
p y
a o nt Q K t t o i t s.B t hi rd , wh
.i ch he co ul d n o t d
.o in th e
said 5I I, havin l ad h d Q B P on e s t ep, an d ha v

g a
. r e yp u s e . . .
in
g here cast led, whi ch b e has not done inthe sa id C ha p III . .
T H E P IA N O GA M E.
8 .
Q . to K B thi rd—
. . c hecki ng .
K t o hi s t hird sq u are,
. defendi ng t he K t .
9 .
Q . K t to its B t hird
. . .
If he pla y K t to adv Q . . . Q . Kt . fou rt h,

Black a tta cks i t w ith R Q . . P .
f i nstead, he play
I K t to K Q . . . s eco n
d ,
10 .
Q . K t to K fo urth
. . .
T he attacked B t o . Q . K t thi rd
. .
11 .
B . Ch ecks with t he K t . a t adv. K . K t fou rth,

.
ha vi n
g a ga m e woni nits natu re .
SE COND DEFE NCE or T HE W HI TE .
W C ast les
. a lla C a la bris ta , as his b es t m ove .
6 .
B . K B . . P . t wo s q u ares .
T he White ca nno w play m an

y ways ; viz .
W . K P takes the
. . P .
G
“
BR COLB DA L 8 1 0 ON
'
7 .
B . K t fa s
. K B . . P .
W .
8 .
B . K B ta kes t he R
. . .
-
cheti ing .
W . K ta kes t he B
. .
K . P . o ne s t ep .
If he ta ke i t w it h Q . Kt, B lack p
. ushes
Q P . . t wo s
q u a res , an
d wil l recover the
Pi ece wit h a dva ntag e . Bu t i s la n
d of
t his , he ca n m ove t he a ttacked K t to Q . .
fo u rt h, o r to K . s q u are .
T herefo re , fi rs t ly —
viz .
W . T he at ta cked K t t o . Q . fou rth .
10 .
Q . to K . B t hi rd
. .
If he no w m o ve t he at tacked Kt to
. adv .
Q . Kt . fo u rt h, or to K . seco nd Black,
c hec ks ta ki ng t he P . w it h t he Q an
d
W hi te m o vi ng K . to his K t "
. s quare,
Blac k repea ts t he c heck a t Q . B fourth,

.
reco ve ri ng t he Pi ece as ab o ve
“
If . ins tea d of ret i ri ng , he d efend the
Kt . w i t h t he o t her K t a t a dverse Kt
.
fo u rt h, Bla ck a ttacks the latter with Q

E R C OLE DA L R IO O N C HE SS .
11 .
Q . chec s a t a dv.
k Q . fo u rth .
K to his B
.
. s
q u a re.
2
1 .
R takes t he P
. .
—
c hecki ng .
C o vers w i th t he K t . at his B thi rd . .
13 .
B . P u s hes Q P . . t wo s q u ares , t hrea tenin

g to
c hec k w i t h t he R .
, taki ng t he Kt a n
d
t henw i th t he B . at a dv . K R t hi rd
. . .
Int he s eco nd p la ce ,
W . Pl y a s K R . . P . o ne s tep, o r
to K . s eco nd .
B . K t ta kes K B
. . . P .
W R . . takes t he K t .
8 .
B B ta kes t he R —
. c hecki ng .
IV K ta kes the B
. . .
9 .
K B . . P . takes K . P .
Q . K t takes t he
. P .
10 .
B . Q . c hecks a t A dversa ry
’
s K R . . fou rth ; as is
tau g ht b y Beneven tano . i nSa l vio, Chi p
o f Boo k III a fter t he Ga m b ia : till! .

T U B P IA N O GA M E .
g ani ng a
i an d a iece P . P n
s i ce if White
defen d t he K t w it h K . . at his t hi rd,
Black repea ts t he c heck w i th the Q . at
A dversa ry
’
s B fo u rt h,
. a nd t hen p us hes
Q . P . t wo s q uares .
Inthe t hi rd p la ce,
Pl y Q
a s . to K .seco nd .
7 .
K R
. . P .on e s te
p .
8 .
Q . K t to i ts B third
. . .
If he ta ke the B . P . wi t h K . P Black
reta kes t he P . w i th Q . B .
, a nd White
t a ki ng t he K t w i th R
. . P Black reta kes
i t w i t h the B , ha vi ng . a g rea t a dva ntage

i nt he a tta ck, which m u s t s u cceed.
Bu t if he fi rs t take the K t w i t h R P . . .
,
9 .
K B
. . P . ta kes t he P .
f he
I ret i re b a ck t he a tta cked Kt Black
p lays t o a dv K R fQ
o u rt h, m aki n
.
g . . .
a ni rre a rab le a tta ck

p A n d i f, i ns tead , .
he pla y t he K t t o adv K K t fou rth, . . . .
10 .
Plays Q . K t to . adv . Q . fo urth, attacki ng

E R C O LE DA L R IO ON C HE SS .
t he adv Q ; the nta king t he K t with the ‘
. . .
Q .
, has a ga m e woni ni ts n a t ure .
Inthe f o urt h p la ce,

W . Pl y Q Pa s . . n
o e s tep.
The sam e .
If he play Q . B to a dv. K . K t fourth. .
Black reti res the Q . to K . s q u a re, an

d
W h ite no w pu s hi ng K R . . P . n
o e step,
Bla ck pl ay s t o K R fo u rth ; then Q . . .
i f W hite take the K t w i th t he be wfll . P .
do very w ro ng .
Bu t if, i ns tea d of the B he pl ay the Kt to .
A dversa ry ’
s K t fo u rt h,
.
8 .
B . Pla vs K . B . P . o ne s tep, ha vi ng a b etter

pos i t i o n si nce if Whi te s ho u ld check
w i th the K t . a t a dv. B nd Black

. s eco ,
ta kes i t w it h the R .
, and t henpla y s Q
to a dverse K R fo u rt h . . .
And i f, i nstead of checki ng he , ret i re the
K t to K R third,
. . .
9 .
S ti ll play s Q
to adverse K R fou rt h, . . .
Q . t o K B thi rd, to reven

.
p t K B
.
P fro m . . .
adva ning farth

c er.
BR C OL B 011 388 .
C HA PTER
The B la ck a t t hefou rt h m ore qf t he P ian o Ga me G a tlin

g .
K ing to R oc k s s
qu a re a n
d R ock
’
t o e
g u n .
I .
B K . P . t wo s qu ares .
W . T he sa m e .
2
B K K t t o B t hi rd
. . . .
W . Q . K t t o B t hird
. . .
3 .
B K B to
. . Q . B fo u rt h
. .
W . T he sam e .
4 .
C as tl es -
K t o h is R
. . sq . K sq
a nd R . to .
.
If he ta ke K B . . P . w ith K B , Black p y la.

! .
K R
. . to i ts B . s u a re, a n
q d t hen 0 P .
t wo s q u a res ; ha vi ng a ga m e wo n inits
nat u re, b y t he irreparab le a tta ck which

m u s t fo l l o w o nt he A dvers a ry s K B P i
’
. .
-
i s a ccu rate ly dem on h

Mn
as s tra t ed b y t e
Ano n m ou s
y ode es e inC hap 1 . .
ru nP IA N O GA M
E . 1 05
But i n
s tea d of t ha t , W hit e at his fo u rt h
m ove npla y i n o ne o f t he three ways
‘
ca
a l rea dy o int ed o u t i n t he r edi n

p p ec g
c ha pter, viz .
K R . . P . o ne s te p .
Q P . . o ne st ep .
K Kt to i ts B t hird,—
. . . a nd therefore
§ l .
W . K R . . P . o ne s t ep .
‘
6 .
B . Q . B . P . o ne ste p .
F IRS T DEFENCE OF T HE W I H TE .
W . K K t t o i ts B t hird
. . . .
6 .
B . Q P . . t wo s q u a res .
W . K P . . t akes i t .
1
‘
Gen
era lly anin
difieren noted inthe pm
'
t m ove, as was
n
c edi h t I he o ught in s tea d to h Q P on s t
g c a p e r .
pus e e
p . .
,
accordin t o t he rule laid do wnin§ l l

g .
1 A nd"
t hi s is his bes t m o ve ; beca u se if he retire t he B
Bla c k takes K P with his K K t . . . .
, a n
noyin
g t he White n
co
side nbly ‘
.
E RC OL E D A L R IO O R 05 388 .
7 .
e e P
:
. . reta kes the P .
F w t o adv. . Q . K t fo urt h. .
P . ta kes t he Kt .
W . T he a tta cked B t o . Q . R fo u rt h
. .
10 .
Q P . . o ne s te p .
T he a tta cked K t to . a dv . Q . K t fou rth

. .
l l .
Do u b led P . ta kes K Kt . . P .
R t o i ts K t
. . s q u a re .
12 .
Q . B takes K. . R . P .
Q . to K . B t hi rd
. .
13 .
Q . B to . a dv . K K t fo u rth
. . .
Q . takes t he do u b led P
14 .
B . Q . c hecks , a nd t hen check -

m m at
K . s eco nd square .
E R C OL B D A L R IO C HESS .
5 .
Q . B . P . o ne s tep .
If he pla y B to Q . . a dv. K . Kt . fo urth.

B la ck b rings out Q . to her K t t hi rd, an.
noy i ng t he W hite b y playi n g t he m oves
i n t he pre c edi ng c ha p a t § l l Seto nd . .
Defe n ce .
H e t herefo re plays K K t to i ts B t hi rd . . . .
6 .
B . K K t to
. . a dv. K K t fo u rt h
. . .
If he a dva nce Q P .
p,
. B ola ck ne
ta k es i t s te
w it h K P and ‘Vhi te reta ki n t he P

. .
, g .
w i th K . Kt , Bl a c k.
p u s h e s t wo Q P . .
s q u a res ; b u t cas t l i ng , a ll a C a la b ris ta ,
as his b es t m o ve .
7 .
P u s hes K B . . P . two s
q u a res .
If he ta ke i t w i t h K P . B lack pu s hi n
.
, g Q .
P . t wo s te ps , has a ver
yg o o d ga m e .
And i f he play K . Kt . to a dv . K Kt . .
fo u rt h,
t henpu s hes K B P t wo s q u a res , havin a a m e wo ninits

. .
g .
g
na t ure , princ i ll
p y y
a b t he grea t force o f t he two Pa wns il l
t he cen tre .
8
.
P lays K . R to i ts B
. . s
q u a re ; t ha ni f W hite
c hec k wi t h t he K t . nd
a t a dv . K "
. B . seco ,
B lack t a kes i t w it h K R a nd t he n . .
,
p l ay s Q . to adv K R fou rt h ru i n
. ing . .
,
h is A dvers a ry .
5 m .
K Kt to i ts B t hird
. . . .
5 .
K K t to
. . a dv . K K t fo u rt h 4
. . .
C as t les , a lla C a l a bri s t a , as his b est m ore 1 .

'
6 .
B . K . P
B t wo sq uares
. . .
The W hite ca nnow l

p y
a i no ne o f t he fi ve
differen t way s , po i n ted o u t i n Il l . of
t he precedi n
g c ha
p te r ; a nd t he refo re
Int he fi rs t p l a ce ,
K . P . ta kes t he P .
Or Q . K t to its B t hird ;
. . as will b e noted fa rther o n
i nthe noti ce to the Black o nt his fift h m o ve .
1 F '
o r i f he s ho u ld l
p y Q
a P t wo s q u ares , Bla c k wo u l
.d .
t ake it with K P m a kin t he a t ta ck s hewni nt he precedin g

g . .
C ha pter, a t the begi nnin

g of Il l .
E RCOLE DA L R IO
K . P . o ne s te
p .
K K t to K
. . . s q uare .
8 .
Q . t o adv K R fou rt h . . . .
K R . . P . o ne s tep .
9 .
B . K t ta kes K B
. . . P .
W . If he ta ke t he K t wi th the R . .
, Black takin
g
i t w ith t he Q , w i ns t he
.
ga m e i n a few
m o ves . T herefo re he m o ves to K Q . .
sec o nd .
10 .
B . Kt . ta kes K R P . . .
—
g i vi ng do u b le check,
a nd winni ng t he gam e .
W . Pl ya s K R . . P . o ne s te
p, or ret ires t he B to
.
to K . s ec o nd .
7 .
B . K t takes K B
. . . P . m a king t he s a m e m o m
White is i nt his m o ve ; he ought to play

T he error o f t he
t he sa id K t t o a dv K t fo u rth n o t ca rin if Blac k s hould
.
g . .
,
take i t w ith his Q ha ving inview to h Q P t w

p us .
, o s q ua res, . .
b y which he would recover the Piece .

E R C OL E D A L R IO ON GE ES .
B . K . P . ta kes t he P .
, a nd W hi te , retaki n
g it
w i t h t he K t
, B l a ck l
p ya s t o a d v K. Q . .
R fo u rt h, havi ng a very s tro n

.
g a tta ck . .
Int he fif t h a nd la s t p la ce,
W . Q P . . o ne s qu a re .
7 .
B . If he do no t a dva nce t he B ne . P o
w hich i s o od m o ve, en cl os i n t he adv

a g g .
B . a nd p reventi ng t he K t fro m pla yin

.
g
to a dv . Kt . fo u rt h, he pla y s Q . B P . .
o ne s te
p .
W . f he play
I Q . B . to a dv . K . K t fo u rth . ,
B la ck pla y s Q . t o her K t t hi rd,

. not car
ing i f W hi te pla y K t to i ts R fou rth Q . . . ,
s ince B la ck ca nfreely t a ke K B with . . P .
t he K t b u t if i ns tead o f t he B b e play
. .
K K t to. . a dv . K K t fo u rt h,
. .
8 .
B . Pl y th R t it B
a s e . o s . s q u a re .
W . C h k w it h t h K t
ec s e . a t a dv . K B . . s eco n
d .
9 .
B . Tk a es t he a dv . Kt a nd W hite taki n
g t he
R w i th K B
. . .
, Black pla y s Q . to adv .
K R fo u rt h
. . .
T HE P IA N O B A K E .
O
N T IC E
Inf a eeur of t he B la ck onhis fifi k m ove .
T he Black not w is hi ng t o t ry t he fo rce ex
p l a i ned i n t he p recedi ngpa rag p

ra h, b y b ri n in
g g
o ut K K t to a dv K K t fou rth, ca n play
. . . . .
in Q
K t to her B t hi rd, acco rd i n
Mn
s t ea d . .
g t o .
C ha p . IV . of t he Anony m o u s o de ese, indi

c a t ed b efore at the beg i nning of 9 " I i nt he
.
fo l low i ng m a nner, viz .
5 .
B
. . Q . K t to its B t hi rd
. . .
RS
FI T DEFEN E OF THE C WHITE .
W . C as tles , K to his Kt
. . a nd R . to K . s q uare .
6 .
B . Q P . . n
o e s tep .
W . K K t to adv K Kt fo u rt h
. . . . . .
7
B . K R . . to its B . s q ua re .
0
ly defen
Blac k ca non dK B P . . . wit h the R , i t bein
g .
attached b y t wo piec es ; Bla c k s

g a m e int he s a id C ha p IV ’
. .
is m ore in
s idiou s, t he R bein g a t t he B s q ua r e , be
. ca nde .
fend the P with K at his K t sq uare

. . . .
E RC O L E D A L R IO O N 0 3 8 88 .
f he take K B
I . . P . wi t h K . B .
, Black take
K . B . P . w ith t he K . B .
— checki n
g
.
and t hen pl ay s K K t to adv K Kt . . . . .
fo u rth ; a nd i f he ta ke t he sa id with P .
K Kt . c hecki n
.
g ,
—
,
8 .
B . R ta kes the K t
. .
W . K B takes t he R
. . .
9 .
B . Q . to K . B . s qu m e .
W . The a t ta cked B to . Q . B fo u rt h
. .
10 .
B K B ta kes K B
. . . . P .
—
c hecki ng .
W K takes t he B
. .
11 .
B . K K t to. . a dv . K K t fo u rth, g ivi n

.
g dou ble.
c heck .
W . K to his K t. . s q u a re .
12 .
B . Q . to a dv . K B . . s eco nd— c hecki ng .
W K . . t o his R . s
q u a re .
13 .
B . Q . to a dv . K R fo u rt h, w i n
. ni ng the ga me
.
E R C OL E D A L R IO O N C H ESS .
B . K B ta kes K B
. . . . P .
— c hecki n
g .
W K to his B
. . s q uare , b ei ng his b es t move
B . K K t ta kes t he B
. . .
W . Q . ta kes t he K t .
B . Q . K t to adv. . Q . fo u rth .
W . Q . K t to . Q . s q uare .
K B . . to a dv . R fo u rt h, disco veri n
.
g check .
K t o his K t
. . s q u a re .
13 .
B . Q P . . ne s tep a nd i f W hite
o , pl ay K Kt .
.
P . one s tep Black plays , Q . B to adv .

.
K R thi rd
. . .
Int he s econd p l a ce,

W . T he a ttacked B to . Q . B fo u rt h
. .
9 .
. . . . .
— c hec t i l ng .
W . If he ta ke t he B wi t h the K .
.
.
, he w i ll be
m a ted i n fo u r m oves at m os t . Black
t a ki ng K . P . w i th the K t .
, g i vi ng dou b le
c hec k ; fi b u t la i n K t his B s u am
p y g o q , . .
It wo ul d, i n like m anner, he Chec k m a te, -

su
pp usl g
White ha d retired his B . a ny where else, uot withsts l dll g
T HE P IA NO GA H E .
Q . P . t wo s q ua res .
If he reti re K B . . to K . seco nd Black ,
takes K . P . w ith Q . P .
, ha ving a ga m e
wo nb y i ts nat u re ; An
d i f he take t he P
wi t h K . P .
,
11 .
Play s Q . B to adv K K t fo u rt h
. . . . .
K B to K
. . . seco nd .
12 .
Q Kt
. . to adv . Q . fou rt h .
I
f he ta ke t he B w it h t he B . .
, B lack takes
t he B . w i th the K t .
,
a nd W hite ta ki ng
the K t wi th t he . , B la ck l
p ya s t he B Q . .
to a dv. K R fou rt h, dis co veri n

. .
g c heck ,
and w i nni ng t he ga m e If he play . Q

.
P one s tep Bla ck takes t he B w i th t he

.
, .
Kt a n d White taki n
.
, g the K t w i t h h is .
Kt Black b y play in
.
, g K K t t o i ts R , . . .
fou rt h, gets t he ga m e If he pla y K R . . .
P on
. e s tep, B lack ta kes t he B w i t h t he .
B g ivi n
.
g c hec k, a nd W hi t e ta ki ng i t
with the K t , Black lea ps K K t t o a dv . . . .
K . fo u rth, s t i ll ga i
y ning t he victo r .
Finlly a ,
— if, i nst ea d o f ei ther o f t hese, he
sho u l d l ay K B t o i ts t hi rd s q u a re,
p . .
had hi s Q B s till covered, si n

. ce i t wo u ld n
. ot be n
e
or he m i ht openit o
g pp ortu n
e l y , i f i t were .
E RCO L E ns r . 11 1 0 o n c u ns s .
13 .
Tk
a es t he sa id B w it h . Q . Kt .
Reta kes t he Q . K t w ith t he P. .
14 .
K K t to
. . a dv . K fo u rt h
. .
If he ta ke t he B . w i th t he P .
, Black retires
K B to
. . a dv . K . R . fo u rt h , disco verin
g
c heck, nd w i ll w in And i f he take
'
a .
.
t he K t . w ith t he K t .
,
15 .
Tk h P
a es t e . w i t h t he B .
, s hu t t i ng u p the Q .
Q tk h
. a es t e s a id B .
16 .
B . Q tk
. a es t he Q .
W . Tk
a es t he o t her B w i t h t he K t
. .
17 .
B . R to K B
. . . s q u are ; g i vi n
g fo rc ed m a te,
in
fi ve m o ves .
E R C OL B DA L RIO C H E SS
W . K K t to its B t hird fl
. . . .
5 .
B . Q . B . P . o ne s tep .
FIRS T DEFE NCE OF T H E W HITE .
W . K K t to adv K K t . fou rt h
. . . . .
6 .
B . Q P tw q. . o s u a res .
W . K P t k Q P . . a es . .
7 .
B . K B takes K B P
. . . . .
— chec ki ng .
W; If he m o ve t he K : t o B . s q ua re , Bl ack plays
Q ; B to . a dv . K Kt . . fo u rt h And if he
take t he B . wi t h the K :,
w e dedu ce, t ha t ng a ll a Cala bri s ta is defensive on

c a s tl i , ly. ,
nd t herefore o f little c ons e uen

'
a
q ce t o h i m w ho ha s t he first
m o ve .
If, i n nd the followin

s t ea d o f t his
g defen c e
a W hi t e shou l d ,
p us h K R P o r Q ; P
:
: o n.e s t e
p . B la ck l
p ya s Q B P o n e , , . .
s te ; an d f t h f ll owi n m o ves m a d w fi i t fi h t
p or e o g y r a su e s a g
from t he precedin g c ha p t er .
IHe wou ld ha ve do n
' '
e wron g i f in s tea d o f ta hi u g K B P , , , . .
be had ta kent he adv; P wi th his B; P s in ce Wflt e tl fi g it

. .
,
with Q K t an d Bluck tahin

.
g t he K t w it h th e K t , W fl e . .
wo uld ha ve pla yed ca t his Q. to adv K : R h . . a t h, saa oy ng

'
t he Black very much.

TIE PIA N O G A M E .
8:
B . K Kt. . checks a t a dv . K Kt fou rt h
. . .
W . K to his K t
. . s q u are .
9 .
B: Q t k K Kt
. a es . .
W . Q P n tp. . o e s e ; m aki ng i nt he end a neq u a l

g a m e ; W hite a ls o p u s h i ng K R. . P . o ne
st ep .
SE COND DEFE NCE OF T H E W HITE .
K . Kt takes t he K
. . P ha vi ng i nvi e w t o
pu s h Q P . . t wo s q u ares .
6
B . I
s no t no w t o take t he Kt .
, b ut check with
t he B .
, ta ki ng K B . . P .
K ta kes t he B
. .
7 .
B . K R . . t akes the Kt .
W . K R to K
. . . s q u a re .
8 .
Q P two sq ua res
. . .
If he pu sh t wo Q P . . s
q u ares , Black wi n
s
t he K . P ta king i t w it h t he Kt . If he
-
retire the a tta cked B Black adva nces
Q P
. . n
o e step o nthe Kt .
, t hentakes K ;
E RC O L E DA L RIO ON C H E SS .
P . w it h t he K t .
-
And i f he take the P .
w ith t he P .
,
9 .
B . K Kt . . c hecks a t a dv . K K t fo u rt h, havin
. .
g
i nview to b ri ng out Q . to a dv. K . R
.
fo u rt h, wi th a ga m e w o nb y i ts nature .
T H l RD DEFE NCE OF T HE W IE HT .
W .
C as tl es a ls o w i th K . to his K t . s q u are , a n
d
R to K
. . s q u a re .
6 .
B . Q P tw
. . o s q u ares .
W . K P t k . . a es t he P .
as
7 .
B . K . P . o ne s tep .
W . If he pu s h QP . . t wo s teps ; Blac k as his best

m o ve , pla y s t he B t o adv . . Q . K . fo u rth,
a nd w i l l ga i na pa w nby fo rce , a nd have
a b etter ga m e .
Here t he Whi te, t o a void t he m o ves which em ba rrass him ,

ou ht r a t her t o re tire t he a t ta cked Bis ho p t o Q K t third,
g . .
and do ing s o , i f Bla ck s ho uld take K P wi th Q P , . . . . Whit e

t a kes i t w ith t he K t nd s hould Bl a ck n
. a o t ta ke b u t
p us h t he ,
P . o nt he K t .
,
White retires t he K t t o it s s q u are t his b ei ng .
,
nec ess ary for s ho uld he m ove it to its R . fourth, he wo uld

l ose i t b y force i nthree m oves .
124 E R C O LE nu . u se o n0 8 388 .
adm its o f a g rea t l im i ta ti on: it i s , t ha t the An

t ho r say s Bla ck pla y i ng K i ng s K nig ht to Ad ’
versa ry s
’
K K t fo u rth sq u a re, W hit e i s f orced
. .
’
t o p l ay his R ook ei t her to K B . . s

q u a re or to
K . s eco nd, or t o p us h Q P t wo squ a res ; all

. .
o f w hic h m o ves ernici t hi m w h s

a re p ou s o erea
the fact is , he ca npl ay Q . K t t o K fou rth, at

. .
ta cki n h A d Bis ho p, n
d defendin
’
g t e vers ary s a g
his ow nK B . . P . havi ng t hu s fine ga me,
a very
w i th the l oss t o t he Black o f a t leas t a a wn,

if P
W hit e l i
p y g y
a r htl .
m a y o Gu t s . 125
INST RUC TIONS T O THE BLA CK ,
ON HIS PROPER DEFENC E ,
TH E ADVE RSA R Y M HAVIN G THE OVE .
CHAPT ER I .
The Whi te cas t li ng a t hi s fourth more of t he P i ano

Ge n K in s s u a re, a nd R t B h
’
hi R k i
’
re
g t o s oc q oo to s op s
q
s ua re.
1 .
W . K . P . t wo s q u a res .
B . T he sa m e .
2 .
W . K Kt. . to B t hird
. .
B .
Q K t to B t hi rd
. . . .
3 .
W . K B to
. . Q . B fo u rt h
. .
B . T he ni n
e .
4
IV C as tles K to his R
. . . sq .
, a n
dR . to B s q . .
E RCO L E DA L R10 ON C H E” .
B . K K t t o i ts B t hi rd
. . . .
W . If he play B Q . . P . o ne s te
p, B lack
K . P
w i th t he K . . Kt .
, and ca n , if be
pl ease , p rese rv e t h e a dva nta ge o f the
P awn , o r ca n ta ke t h e K B w i th the . . P .
sa id K t . t he fo l l o wi ng m o ve, ex c ha ni
g gn
t wo m i nor Pi eces for a Rook a nd t wo
P aw ns ,
w hic h i s neq u a l co nt ract
a .
Bu t , i ns t ea d of l a in
p y g t he sa i d b e P
a ls o m o ve as fo llo ws , vi z .
1 . Q P . . o ne ste
p .
2 . K Kt to
. . a dv . K K t fo u rt h
. . .
And t herefo re,
W . QP . . o ne s tep .
B . Is no t t o play K . K t to . a dv . K Kt
. . fo urth,
b eca u se White w o u ld ta ke K B w ith . . P .
K B . .
— checki ng ; ha vi ng i nv i e w a no t her
check wi th K K t . . a t a dv . K Kt
. . fo u rth,
b u t pus hes K R . . P . o ne s tep . 3
1
This is a preca u ti o a ry n m o ve, nder the given circ u m

u
n
s ta ces ; a nd not , as form erly, reprehensib le, where W hite
E R C O LB DA L no
5 .
K K t to adv K Kt fou rth

. . . . . .
C as t les , a lla C a la bris t a .
6 .
If he play Q P o n e s tep, Black ca n la 0

p y
. . .
K t to her R fo u rth, to exchan

.
ge i t wi th.
K B. .
If, i ns tea d, he pla y B on e s te , Black

p Q . . P .
l
p ya s K R o ne s te
.
p, att a cki.ng Pt he S‘.
an d thentakes K with tbe K t . P . .
An d play i ng K B P t wo s q uarm , . . .
B . Plays QP
t wo sq u ares
. . .
7 .
If he take K . P
Black leaps
. w it h t he B P . .
,
his K K t t o a dv K Kt fou rth, a n

. . d would . . .
g a i na Pi ece, o r w i na R fo r . a Kt .
If he m ove K B . . to a dv . Q . Kt . fo urth,
Black play s his Q K t t d Q f th . . o a v . . our .
And i f he take Q P wi t h K P
. . . .
,
B 1s n no w t k t h P wi th K K t t
'
. ot to a e e . . ., o
a vo id the m o ves descri bed at t he end of

C hap . P;
b u t fi rs t play
. B to adv K Q . . . .
K t 4th, which will m ake i t aneq ual g ume

.
T HE P IA N O GA M E.
CHAPTER II .
ca s t li ng at t he f ourt h ra oer P ia no
Geese ; K in hi R k nd R k K n ’
i
'
g t o s oc s s quare, a oo t o g s
l .
W . K . P . t wo sq uares .
4 .
Cas tles , K to R . . sq .
, a nd R . to K . s q u a re .
I! n
o t t o take K B P . . .
, b e cau se i t is a w ro n
g
'
m o ve ; as w il l b e s eeni ni ts pro per pla ce

b u t pla y QP. . o ne s tep.
5 .
I
f he do the sa m e , o r l
p y
a Q . K t t o i ts B
. .
E RC OL E D A L R IO O N c m .
t hi rd, Black play s Q . K t t o its R fomtll.

. .
t o ex cha ng e i t fo r adv . K B . .
An d if he play B one s tep, Q . . P .
Plays o u t K K t t o i ts B third . . . .
W hite ca nno w play ,
1 . K K t to
. . a dv K K t fo urth
. . . .
2 . QP . . t wo sq u ares .
Th erefo re,
l .
6 .
W . K Kt t o
. . adv . K K t fo u rt h
. . .
B . T he sa m e .
7
If he ta ke K B . . P . with t he Kt .
,Black plays
Q . to a dv . K R fo u rth,
. .
-
wi nni ng the
g a m e .
If he ta ke t he s a id P . w ith t he B .
, Black
p l a y i ng K t o his B s
q g
, a i ns a iece ; . . . P
B u t , as his best m o ve, reti res K K t to its . .
R third . .
B . Q . to a dv . K R fo u rth . . .
8 .
If he play K R to K . . . s eco nd he , co n
fines
his o wn Q .
E RC OLE D A L R IO O H C H “ .
If he adva nce Q . P . o ne st ep, Black ret ires
t he Kt to i ts . ow ns q uare .
If he play B to adv K Kt fou rth, t Q . . . . . k

l
p ya s t o K sec on
d Q . . .
Finlly a , i f he pl ay K Kt . . t o a dv K Kt . . .
fo u rt h,
B . C as tles , a ll a C a la bris a
t i t .
8 .
K B . . P . t wo s q uares .
As his b es t m ove, ta kes QP . . wit h K P , . .
a nd will rem a i no n
e P wn a s u peri o r .
9 .
If he a dva nce K B . . P . o ne s tep, Bla ck plays

K R . ne s tep to take K
. P . w i th the
o , . P .
Kt t henW hite t akin

.
g t he K t w i t h t he .
R Black a dva n
.
, ces an o the r s te
p QP . .
,
reco veri n t he
g i ece w i t h t w o a w n s in P , P
a dva ntage .
to R . s q u a re, a nd R . to B . s q uare ; b eca use, inthe fi rs t case,
he wo uld j s u b ec t him s el f t o t he a t ta ck i nC ha p 11 . .
§ III, .
Bla ck ha vi n
g t he m o ve i nt he N ot ic e ; an d i n t he s eco n d , ,
case White would m o ve K K t t o a dv K K t fou rt h an

,
d . . . . .
,
t henQ t o a dv K R fo urt h en da n i n Bl k h
'
.
g e r.
g a c v er
.
y m u c .
, .
Bu t Bla ck should ta ke t he dou b led P with Q K t . . .
It is necessary to cas tle i m m edia tely ; as White has

not beenm oved in t he
'
m oved Q P . .
,
which ha d a b ove
ga m e .
a n ru no GA I B .
Bu t i f, ins tea d of K B P . . he advance K P.
o ne s tep onthe Kt .
,
QP . . takes the sa i d P wn a .
10 .
K B
. . P . ta kes t he P .
T he at tacked Kt t o
. a dv . K K t fo u rth,
. .
ga i‘
ning another Pawn .
E R C OL E DA L R IO ON C H E” .
C HAPTER III .
The Whi t e , ca l li n
g at hi s f ou rt h m e of
Gam K in hi K ni h m
’
e ; g t o s g t s ore,
1 .
W K . . P . t wo s q u ares .
B . T he sa m e .
W . K Kt t o B t hird
. . . .
B . Q . K t t o B t hird
. . .
3 .
W . K B to
. . Q . B fou rth
. .
B . T he sa m e .
4 .
W . C as t l es , K . to hi s K t .
s q u are, a nd R
. to
K . s qu are .
B . QP . . o ne s tep .
5 .
W Q . . B . P . o ne s tep .
B . K K t t o i ts B t hird
. . . .
W hite ca nno w play

1 .
QP . on e st ep
. .
E R C O LE D A L R IO ON C H E SS .
ds
a fterwa r ta ke t he Q . K t with K Kt
. .
Black m oves Q . to a dv . K R fou rth . .
havi ng a ga m e w o nb y its natu re .
Seco ndly , viz .
7 .
Pl ya s R . to K . seco nd , or to B . s q uare
w hich w o u ld b e t he b etter m ove .
B . C as t les , K to his
. a nd R . t o B s qu are
. .
8 .
K K t to adv K K t fo urt h
. . . . . .
K B . . P . t wo s q u ares .
9 .
l f he check w i th t he K K t . .
, Bla ck fi xes it
w i th the B .
, a nd t hen plays Q . to adv .
K B fo urth s q ua re
. . .
And s ho u ld he n o t check, b u t pla K R P

y . . .
on e s t ep, Bla ck is n o t t o m o ve the Kt , .
bu t adva nce K . B . P . a nother st ep .

T HE P IA N O GA N I .
retaki ng wit h wou ld ha ve a very
go od gam e ; b ut retire t he attacked B . to
Q Kt . . thi rd .
7 .
If he adva nce QP . . n
a ot her s tep, Black, as
his bes t , reti ri ng t he K t . to i ts s q u are ,
rem a i s n wi th a ga m e e q u a lly secu re .
An
d i f he talre K P w it h Q P . . .
Pl y a s K K t t o adv K Kt fo u rt h
. . . . . .
8 .
If he defendK B . . P . w i th R . at B . s q u are,
or at K . seco nd , Black ta kes t he dou b led

P . Q
wi t h . Kt .
If he l
p yaQ . B to K t hird, Black takes it
. .
w ith K B ; . . a nd W hite , as his bes t , te
t aki ng i t w i th K B P . . .
, Black ta kes the
do ub l ed P wn a as b efo re .
F ina l ly , i f he
pl ay Q . B to . adv . K K t 4t h,
. .
B . K B takes K B P
. . . . .
— c hecki ng .
9 .
Ret ires the K to his R . . s q uare, or to his B .
s q uare .
B . T akes t he R wi th K B . . .
An
d this is his b est m ove ; b ea use if he take t t .
wit h Q P . White could exchange Queen

.
, s and Black would ,
thus lose the adva ntage of cas tlin

g, or t he K B P . . .
E R C O LE DA L B IO O N
10 .
If he ta ke t he Q , B lack checks w i th the

.
Kt reco veri n
-
g t he Q , w i t h s o m e ad .
va ntage i nt he ex cha nges .
And s ho u ld he not ta ke t he Q .
, b ut ra ther
t he K B w ith t he
. . Q .
,
B . Re ti res Q . t o her s econd —

rem a i ni ng still
w i th t he a dva nta ge o f a Rook fo r a Bis hop,

a nd a b etter pos iti o n .
E R C OL E DA L R IO O N C HES S .
Q ns P nor Q ns Knight Pa wntwo

M
’ ’ ’
uee aw u ee s
s q u ares . o reover t his m ove does not at all
hi nder the s u ccess ive cas tli ng, i n i m ita tionof

t he precedi n O
g peni ng .
Inthe Inst ru ct io nto the Black, t he A dversary
ha vi ng t he m o ve , I s ha ll su ppos e , t ha t he n
ot
o nly plays the s a id Qu eens Bis hop s Pawnon ’

e
’
s te b u t a lso t ha t of the Qu een o n e tw o

p , o r ,
s q uares ; t herefo re t ha t a m ove certa i n

, ly of l ittle ,
i m po rta n ce b u t ho wever o f eas y co n

, ti ng en c y,
m ay n o t el u de the en u i ry of the st u den t i t is
q ,
no t to b e o m i tted inthe practi ca l dem on s tration s
of the Pi n G ma o a e
Tl l P IA NO GA I E .
'
CH APT ER I .
a n
sweri n
g t its f ou rt h nos e qf ( In
i m K tssg Knig ht t o anB ishop m u
’
’ ’
s
r s .
1 .
B . K . P . t wo s quares .
T he sa m e .
2 .
B . K Kt to B thi rd
. . . .
Q Kt . . to B third . .
3 .
K B to
. . Q . B fo u rt h
. .
W . T he sam e .
4 .
B . Q . B . P . n
o e s tep .
W . K Kt to its B t hird
. . . .
Black ca n here pl ay Q P . . t wo s q u a res ,
or o n
e s q ua re only , -
a nd therefo re ,
B . Q P . . t wo s qu ares .
E R C OL E DA L ON C H EN .
F IRST D E EN E F C T HE WHITE .
W . Ret i res K B to . . Q . t hi rd 6 .
B . QP. . takes t he K . P .
White ca nnow reta ke t he dou bled
e it her wi t h t he K t . or B .
— S o tha t
Int he fi rs t p la c e,
W . Re t akes the P w ith . Q . Kt .
7 .
B . Tka es t he K t . wi th the K t .
W . Reta kes the K t wi th t he B . .
8 .
B . K B
. . P . t w o s teps , a nd w i ll ga i na Pi ec e— for
W . If he ta ke K . P . w i th t he K t .
, havi ng i nview
Q
M
to c heck w it h t he . a t a dv . K R fou rth,
. .
B la ck preven ts him , b y pla y i ng t o Y Q . .
R fo u rt h, t hrea ten
. ing t o c he c k m at e him .
-
or t a ke t he B .
And i f he reti re K B to
. . Q . t hi rd,
9 .
B . K P
. . o ne s tep .
Gen bad m ove, b eca u se it preven

era lly a ts the Q 1 .
’
bein l
gp y ,
a ed a nd al so c onfines Q B . .
1 44 a nco nn nu . a re o nc a u se .
B . QP . . ta kes K . P .
Here t he White ca nplay int hree wa ys ,
Int he fi rs t p la ce,
K t takes K
. . P .
7 .
Q . to a dv . Q . fo u rth, m enaci ng c heck- m ate .
If he preven t the m at e he los es t he K t .
If he ta ke K B w it h t he B , Black plays
. . P . .
K t o his
. seco nd sq u are a nd w i ll ga i nthe ,
Kt . nex t m ove .
Ret ira t he at ta cked K t to K R fo u rth . . . .
7 .
K B ta kes K B P
. . . . .
— checki ng .
K takes the B to
. . sa ve the K t .
8 .
B . K Kt
. . t o a dv . K Kt . . fo u rt h — c hec ki ngs
t henta kes t he K t wi th t he Q
. .
-
having
a s u eri o r s i tu a ti o
p ni .
Whic h wo uld eq ual ly b e t he case if White ha d played the

a tta ched Kt to adv. K t fo urth ; taking notice t hat if Whitt
“
. . .
i nt his l as t case, s ho uld not take t he B with the . K .. B

s hou ld cas tle K t o his K t
. . and R to . B . square, s till remai n
in
g wit h t he a dvanta ge of a Pawn .
T IIE
'
P IA N O GA M E.
Int he t hi rd p l a ce,
Re ti res the K t . t o i ts s q u are .
7 .
Q . B t o a dv K K t fo u rt h
. . . . .
If he pl ay K B P o n e s tep, Black ta kes i t ,

. . .
des troy i ng h is c as t l i ng .
And i f he c o ver wi t h K . Kt .
, he rem a i ns a
P wnl
a ess , a nd wou ld do w o rs e, s hou ld he
cover wi th Q , b.ecaKt
u se B la c.k l
p y g
a i n
Q . to her K t t hi rd, W hi te w o u ld s u ffer
.
a nother evident lo ss .
T HIRD A ND L A S T DE E N E F C .
W . K . P . ta kes t he P .
, as his b es t m ove .
6 .
B . Re ta kes t he P . w i th t he B . P .
it
H ere W hite ca n e it her c heck w i th t he B .
o r ret i re t he s a id B to . Q . K t t hird
. .
Fi rs tly , viz .
W . Ch ecks w i th t he B . a t a dv . Q . K t fo u rth, 1
.
'
See fa rther o n,
— t he N ot ice t o t he B . o nthis s ixth m o ve .
1
'
T his i s b et t er t ha n retiri n
g t he a tta cked B .
, as will be
s eeninthe I nstructions to t he Black .
K
E RC OLE DA L R IO ON C H E SS .
7 .
B . C o vers w it h Q B tQ . . a . seco nd .
Tk
a es t he K P w it h th
. . e Kt .
8 .
B ta kes t he B
. .
Q . Kt . ret a kes t he B .
9 .
K B ta kes K B P
. . . . .
-
checki ng .
If he s ho u l d not ta ke t he B . w i th t he K , .
B la ck pl a y s t he Q , o r ret i res t he B to . .
Q K t t hird, a nd w i ll ha ve t he b etter
. .
s it u a t i o n .
And i f he ta ke t he B w i t h t he K . .
,
10 .
Q . c hec ks a t her K t . t hird .
Q . P . t wo s u a res
q .
11 .
B . Ch ec ks wi t h t he K t . a t a dv . K fo urt h,
. a n
d
t hen ta kes the K t w i t h the Q
. .
, havin
g
s t ill a better ga m e .
S eco ndly , viz .
K B to
. . Q . K t thi rd . .
7 .
B . K . P
ne s tep t o a dv K fo u rt h
. o . . .
H ere W hi te ca n a n s wer i n o ne of
l o wi ng wa y s
°
Int he t hi rd l a s t p la ce ,
a nd
Ret ire s t he a t ta c ked K t to a dv K fo u rt h . . . .
8 .
K B to . . a dv . Q . fo u rth .
K B . . P . t wo s q u a res .
9 .
B . B ta kes the K K t
. . .
W . P . t a kes t he B .
10 .
Q B . . to a dv . K K t fo u rt h
. . .
C o vers t he Q . w i t h t he Kt . at K . s eco nd
.
11 .
K K t t o i ts R fo u rt h
. . . .
K . Kt . P . o ne s t ep .
12 .
K K t to
. . a dv . K B fo u rt h, . . o nt he
P . ta kes t he K t .
13 .
Q . c hecks a t a dv . K R fo urth
. . .
K t o his B
. . s q u a re .
14 .
Q . B . checks a t a dv . K R third . . .
K t o his K t
. . s q u are .
15
Q . c hec ks a t a dv . K K t fo u rth
. . .
K to his B
. . s ec o nd s q ua re .
16 .
B . Q . checks at a dv . K B . . t hi rd, a nd g ives

forc ed m a te i na few m o ves .
N OTICE
T o t he B la ck o nhis s ix t h m o ve .
T he B la ck, at
p h is s i x th m o ve c o u ld ush K .
P on . e s t e , o n t he K K t
p no t i ng fo r h is i n . .
—
s t ru c t io n, t ha t if W h ite s ho u l d no w pla y to Q .
K . s eco nd B lack s ho u ld cas t le K to his K t

, . .
s q u a re , and R t o K s q u a re a n
.d nex t m o ve pla y
.
,
Q B . . to a dv . K Kt . . fo u rt h ; w hic h w o u ld b e
g oo d l
p y
a . If, i ns tea d, W hite s ho u ld l
p y
a t he
a tta cked K t to . a dv . Kt . fo u rt h, B la c k s ho u ld
m a ke the m o ve no ted e ls e w here , t o ta ke i t , v iz .
ta ke K . P . B w it h t he B
. . c hec ki ng . If, i ns tea d,
he s ho u l d
l t h id K t t o i ts R f rt h,
p y
a e sa ou . .
B lack a dva nc es K K t to a dv K K t : fo u rt h, . . . .
m aki ng a n i rrepa ra b l e a t ta c k . Fi nlly a , s ho u ld
he play t he sa i d K t to a dv K fo u rth, w hic h is . . .
t he b es t m o ve, B la ck pie rs his K B t o a dv . . . Q .
fo u rt h, a tta cki ng b o t h K ni g hts ; t he W hi te t hen,
as his b es t m o ve, ta ki ng K B . . P . w it h t he K t .
,
B lack ta kes t he K t wi th t he K
. .
, a nd W hite
E R C OLE DA L R IO ON C H E SS .
ta ki ng Q . B . P . w i th his do u b led Pawn, dis

co veri ng c heek ; Blac k, as his b es t , m o ves K i t .
his s q u a re a nd W h ite t henta king : K t w ith Q . P .
P
his a wn, Black reta kes t he w i th t he B , t hus P . .
fo rc i ng t he ex eha nge of t hree P wna s, b es ides

t he a dva nta ge o f cas tl i ng for , a Knig ht , which
i nt his cas e m a kes a nequ al i ty o f fo rce .
5 .
B . P ro vi ded t ha t no t w is h t o pla y he do
P Q . .
t wo s q u a res as i n t he precedi n g p ar
, a
g p
ra h h e l
p y
a s t he sa
, i d Pa w n o n e s te p
on ly .
If he do t he sa m e, B lack m o ves Q . B to .
a dv . K K t fo u rt h; a t tac ki n
. .
g t h e K Kt . .
If he pla y K K t to a dv K K t fo u rt h, . . . . .
B la c k pla y s t he kno wn m o ve, vi z ta kes K . .
B . P . with K . B .
If he play K R on e s tep, Black

p us
. h es . P .
KtQ . . P
t wo s q u a res , adva nci ng i
. t a fter
w a rds o ne s tep o nthe K t , a nd event ua lly

.
ns K
ga i . P .
And fin a l ly i f he
, l
p y
a , Q P .
. two s q ua res ,
6 .
B . K P takes the
. . P .
E R C OL E DA L R IO O N C H ES S .
. CH PT A ER n .
The Whi t e a n
s wer i ng f n
t he cf h B
o ur t h
t e la ck s ore .
l a in Q P
p y g one s te
p . . .
1
B . K . P . t wo s q u a res .
IV T he .
sa m e:
C)
B . K K t t o B t hi rd
. . .
.
W . Q . K t t o B t hi rd:
. .
3 .
B .
K : B to . Q . B fo u rt h,
.
W . T he sa m e .
4 .
B . Q B P n
. . . o e s t ep .
W . Q P n tp. . o e s e .
B . T he sa m e .
F IRST D E EN E F C OF T HE WH I E T .
IV K K t t o i ts B t hi rd
. . . . .
'
r nr . P IA N O GA M E. 1 53
6 .
C a nas w el l ca st l e w ith K . to his R . s q u a re,
a nd R . to B . s q u a re , play
as B t o Q . .
a dv . K K t fo u rt h
. . , co nfining t he K t a s .
was hi nt ed at t he end o f t he
‘
prec edi ng
cha t e
p r .
SE COND DE E N E F C OF TIIE W H ITE .
IV . Q . K t to R fo u rt h
. . .
6 .
K B takes K B P
. . . . .
— c hecki ng .
K ta kes t he K B
. . .
, as hi s b es t m o ve .
7 .
B . Q . Kt . P . t wo s q u a res , reco veri ng the Pi ece
a nd prevent i ng t he A dvers a ry fro m eas t
l ing ?
"
0 T his i s t o be u White s ho u ld eit her

n
ders to o d ,
i nc a se
retire t he B o r ta ke Q K t P w it h i t ; s in
. c e he c o u ld l ike
. . .
w is e disc o ncert t he Bla ck i nc a s t ling b y t a kin g K B P w i t h , . . .
t he B ; t his bein
.
g t he c a se t he a m e wo u ld c erta in
g ly b e e q u a
, l
inforce ; b u t White wo u ld re m a inm u ch lo n g er s u bj ec t t o ,
defen ce, b y t he m o ve o f the Blac k o f K K t t o a dv K K t . . . . .
fou rt h, which would ren der it m o re diffic u l t t o t he White t o
pla ce his K i n
g ins ecu ri t v
'
.
1 54 E R C OL E DA L a m o n cu s ss .
TH IRD DEFENC E OF T H E W IE HT .
Q . B to . a dv . K K t fo u rth
. . .
6
B . Q . t o her K t t hi rd, fo ll o wi n
.
g t he m o ves of
t he Fi rs t Op ning Ch pt Fi
e ,
a er rs t , II
.
S eco n d Defen c e, to w hich I refer you .
I w i ll o nly o b s erve , t ha t i f W hit e s hou ld

a ns wer t his s ix t h m o ve b y pla y i ng Q Kt
. .
t o i ts R fo u rt h, Bla ck,
. a fter t a ki ng K B . .
P .
, w it h t he B ng co u ld as well
. checki ,
ret i re t he Q
t o her owns q u are as i s in
.
,
s inu a ted i nt he a b o ve q u ot ed Defence as ,
t he b est l a y her t o her R

m o ve,
p as .
fo u rth , a tta cki ng t he a dv K t t hen, if . .

—
W hi te s ho u ld defend it , Black ta kes K .
K t w i t h his B
. a nd i f, i ns tea d, Wh ite
s ho u ld ta ke t he B . w it h t he K .
, Black
t akes t he K t . no t ha vi ng a n
w i t h t he y Q .
,
t hi n t o fea r o nt he pa rt o f his o w nK i n g
g ,
a ho has ten s t o preven t hi m s elf fro m b e i n g

en cl osed as i n t he Defen
, ce o f t he first
o pe n ing I n t he pres
. e n t s t a t e of t he a m e
g ,
he ca n defen d h im self w it h m o re u dva n

ta ge a ga i n ,st a n y a t t em p t o f t he A d
v ersa rv .
1 56 E RC O L E DA L ru o o sr e na s s .
F IRST DE E N E F C OF TH E W HI E T .
IV Q P . . . o ne s tep .
6 .
B . K K t to K
. . . s q u a re , t hrea te ning t o p l ay K .
B . P . t wo q s u a res .
lif
' '
Q . B to . K t hi rd
. .
7 .
K B to . . a dv . Q . K t fo u rt h . .
K K t to K
. . s eco nd .
8 .
K B P t wo
. . . s q u a res .
If he t a ke K B P w it h K P .
.
. . . B la c k ga i n
, s
a P i ece , b y p u s hi ng Q P . . t wo s te p s , a nd
t he no n e s te
p .
If, i ns t ea d, he ca s t l e i na ny m a nne r, o r m a ke
ny o ther i ndiffere nt m o ve B la c k a lso

a ,
g a i ns a P i e c e t a ki n K
g w i t h K B , . P .
. . P .
t he npla y i n g Q P t w o s q u a res a nd a f te r . .
,
w a rds o n e s te
p f u rt he r .
And fin a ll
y . if h e l
p y a R o ne s,t e
p Q . . P .
,
o nt he K B . .
,
9 .
B . K B P t a kes K P
. . . . .
B la c k o u g ht t o ha ve m a de t he sa m e m o ve , i f W hi t e t n ,
s t ea d o f pla y t ngQ . ha d pu s hed K R P . . . o ne s te p .

li e t i res t he Q . t o K K t t hi rd . . .
10 .
E x c ha nges the B w it h t he K t chec ki ng . .

—
,
an d t hen pu s hes t wo s q u a res ; re Q P . .
m ain in g w i t h t he a dva n ta g e o f a a t P .
l ea s t a nd w it h a b etter ordered ga m e
,
-
.
S E C O N D D E EN F CE OF T HE W H ITE .
K . K t to K . . seco nd .
6 .
B . Q . P
t wo s q u a res
. .
H e re t he W hit e ca n play i n t hree ways

VIZ .
Int he fi rs t p l a c e,
R e t i res t he B to . Q . t hi rd .
7
K . K t t o adverse K K t fo u rt h
. . . .
If he cas t le, a ll a C a la bri s t a , Bla ck p us hes

K B
. . P . t wo s q u a res .
A nd i f i ns tea d he ret ire

, , Q . K t to . Q . s q u are,
i ndefen ce o f K B . . P .
8 .
B . Q . P
ta kes K . . P .
R etakes t he whic h P . wa y he plea ses .

O H C H ESS
'
ERC OL E DA L .
FIRS T DE E N E F C T HE W H ITE .
IV Q P . . . o ne s tep .
B K K t to K s
q u a re , threa tening t o l
p y
a K .
“
. . . .
B . P . t wo s q u a res .
1
'
IV . Q . B t o K t hi rd
. . .
7 .
K B to . . a dv . Q K t fo u rt h
. . .
K K t to K
. . s ec o nd .
8 .
K B . . P . two s q u a res .
If he t a ke K B P w i t h K P .
.
. . . B la c k ga i n
, s
a P iece , b y pu s hi ng Q P
. . t w o s teps , an d
t he no n e s te
p .
If, i ns t ea d, he c a s tle i na ny m a nne r, o r m ake
ny o ther i ndiffere nt m o ve B la c k also

a ,
g a i ns a P i ece t a k i n g K w i t h K B P , . P .
. . .
t he npla y i n g t w o s
q u a res a nd a ft er Q P . .
,
a rds o n e s te fa rt her
p .
And fin a ll
y , i f h e
p yl a R o ne, s te p Q . . P .
,
o nt he K B . .
,
9 .
B . K B . . P . t a kes K P . .
Bla c k o u ght t o ha ve m a de t he sa m e m o ve, if Whi te , ia

s tea d o f la
p in
y g Q I .
’
ha d pu s hed K R P . . . o ne s tep .
ERCOLE C HE “
.
b ei ng deri ved fro m White play i ng Q to.
K B t hird w hich is a ni rreg u lar m ove

. .
, ,
or a t leas t u n seas o na b le i nt he fi rs t o en
, p
ing o f t heP i a no G a m .e
INS R T UCTIONS TO T HE BLA C K ,
ON HIS PROPER D EF ENC E ,
T HE A DVE RS A RY HA VIN G T HE MVO E .
CHA PTER I .
Inw hi ch t he Whi te
, at hi s four t h m ove f
o t he P i a no C ame ,
la : Q B
p y . . P . s t ep .
1 .
2 .
. K t to B thi rd
. . .
. K t to B t hi rd
. . .
3
E B C OL E DA L 31° 03 C H E S S .
H w pp
ere e su o se t he White t o pla y ,
1 . Q P tw q
. . o s ua res .
2 . Q P ntp
. . o es e o nly .
3 K Kt . . . t o A dvers ary s
’
K K t fo urt h ;
. . a n
d
therefore ,
5 .
Q P
. . t wo s
q u a res .
K P
. . ta kes Q P . . as his b es t m o ve .
6 .
If he pu s h K an p . P
o t her s te , Bla ck m oves
.
t he a t ta cked K t t o K fo u rt h, reg u la ti n
g . .
h i m self a cco rdi ng to t he no t ice given

b efo re i nc ha pt er I .
If, i ns tea d, he
pl ay K K t t o a dve rs e K Kt . . . .
fo u rt h, Bla ck ca ncas t le, a l la C a l a bris t a .

nd w i ll rem a i n with t he
a a dva nt age of
on e a wn P .
And if he reta ke t he w ith P . Q . B . P .
B . Ch ecks w i th t he a t t a cked B . a t a dve rse Q .
K t fo u t h
. .
7 .
W . If he co ver w it h t he K t he l os es K .
. P .
, b ut
co veri ng w it h Q . B . at Q . s eco n
d ,
B . Does no t t a ke K P . . w i th t he Kt .
, b eca use
E R C OLE DA L R IO ON C HE SS .
K K t to i ts R fo u rt h, to
. . . allo w t he Q
to co m e K B t hird, Black preven
to ts . .
h im , b y p u s hi ng K R o ne s t ep o n . . P .
t he B .
And t he refo re, s up

pose here he pla y Kt Q . .
P t wo . s q u a res , as a ve ry na t u ra l m o ve ,
Ret i res t he B t o . Q . K t t hi rd . .
7 .
Q . Kt . P . a no t he r s te p .
T he a tt a cked K t t o i ts R fo u rt h
. . .
8 .
IV . K t ta kes K P
. . .
B .
Q . to K . s eco nd .
9 .
IV K t ta kes K B P
. . . . .
—
c hec ki ng .
B . K R ta kes t he K t
. . .
10 .
K B ta kes t he R
. . .
Q . ta kes K . B .
, t hu s ex c ha n i
g gn a R . a nd
t wo P
ns fo r t w o aw m inor Pi ec es , w hic h
is a neq u a l c o nt ra ct , a nd lea ves a neq u a l
g a m e ; W hite s ho u ld ho wever , , no w be
c a re u f l no t t o play t he B P b ecau se Q . . .
,
Bla ck, pla y in g K B t o . . a dv . Q . fo u rt h .
w o u ld ga i nt he Ro o k "3 .
He w o u ld a l s o ga ini t , if White a t his s i x t h m ove s hould
p lay K K t t o a dv K K t fo u rt h : i ntha t ca se Black wo uld

. . . . .
N OTIC E
t he B la ck o nt he f th m o ve of fi t he W hi te .
If t he W hite , ins t ea d of l a in
p y g Q . Kt P .
.
at his s ix t h m o ve , as w as s u ppo s ed a b o ve ,
s ho u l d l i t at his fi ft h m o ve , fter
p y
a a
Q . B P . .
, t he fo l lo w i ng m o ves w i l l t hro w
lig ht o nt he s u b ec tj .
5 .
Q . Kt . P . t wo s q u a res .
Reti res t he K B . . to Q . K t t hi rd
. .
6 .
If he a dva nc e t he sa id P . a no ther s te
p,
Bla ck play s t he a tt a cked K t t o i ts . R .
fo u rt h ; t hen W hite t a ki ng K w i t h . P .
t he K t .
, B la ck m a y reco ver t he P i nt w
. o
w a y s ,— l s t , By t a k i ng t he B . wi h Q t .
Kt nd t hen K
. a w it h K K t . P . . .
,
—
2d,
By cas t li n
'‘
g a ll a C a l a b fi s t a fi ,
a
co m e wit h his Q nd ; t heni f W hite s ho u ld play

. to K . sec o
Q . K t. P t w
.o s q u a re s B la c k s ho u ld no t re t i,re t he B b u t .
,
c erta i nly ta ke t he s a id P wit h t he K t ; a n d if Whit e s ho u ld

. .
ta ke t he K t . wi t h Q B P . . Bla c k m oves K B to . . a dv . Q .
fo urt h, gain ing , a s was sa id, Q R . .
Sec u re o f recoverin g t he P i nthree m o ves , wit h a neq u a l .

E R C O LE DA L R IO ON C H E SS .
B u t i f, i ns tea d, he l
p y
a Q P . . t wo s q ua res ,
B . K . P
ta kes t he P
. .
7 .
A dva nc es K . P . a no t her s te p .
K K t t o a dvers e K fo u rt h,
. . .
8 .
If he co m e w it h K B to . . a dv . Q . fo u rth,
B la ck t a kes Q . B . P . with K Kt. .
, re
m a ining w it h t he a dva nta ge of o n

e
P aw n .
If, i ns t ea d, he reta ke t he do u b l ed P . w it h
Q . B P . .
, B la ck do es no t t a ke Kt Q . . P .
w i t h t he Kt .
, b eca u s e W hite w o u ld bring
his Q . to her K t . t h ird, or fi rs t take
K . B . P wi h K
. t . B .
, b u t Bla ck ra ther
p u s hes Q P tw
. . o s q uares , ha vi ng a very
g o o d g a m e .
5 .
IV K K t t o. . . a dvers e K K t fo u rt h
. . .
B . C as tles , a l l a C a la b ris t a ,
as his b es t m o ve .
ga m e ; si nce Whi te l
p y g
a i n Q P . . o ne s t ep, or Q K t
. t o its .
R . t hird, o r Q . to K . s eco nd , or to R . fo u rt h ; Bla ck plays

Q I .
’
. o ne s te p, t hen t a kes t he B wit h Q Kt
. . .
, a n
d ,
fin
ally,
t a kes K P wi t h t he K K t
. . . .
E R C OL E D A L B IO ON C H E SS
9 .
Tk
a es t he Q . K t w it h t he B
. .
Does no t no w reta ke t he B .
, bu t, i ns tead,
t a kes K . B . P . w i th K . P .
, t hrea tenin
g
a very
pe r nic io u s c heck wi th t he Q .
, at
A dvers a ry ’
s K R fo u rt h
. . .
CHA PTER II .
The Whi t e a t his fou rt h m ore, p lay i n

g Q P . . n
o e s ua re
q .
WIT H A N A N N OT A T ION ,
[l he shou ld p loy t he m e P a ton t wo
I .
W . K . P . tw o s q ua res .
B . T he sa m e .
2 .
W . K K t to B
. . . t hird .
B .
’
Q . K t to B third
. . .
3
W . K B to. . Q . B fo u rt h
. .
B . T he sa m e .
B . The s a m e.
5
W . K Kt. . t o adv . K K t fo u rth
. . .
if
B . K K t t o its R t hird
. . . .
If ins tea d o f pla ying his K K t t o a dv K K t fo u rth, he . . . . .
s ho uld p us h Q . B P
. n. o e s tep, Black, for grea ter sec urity ,
s ho u ld a ns wer it by m oving K . R P . . n
o e s tep, to rema int he
dversary s Pieces
'
.
E R C OL E D A L B IO O N C H ESS .
If he cas tl e q w it h K to his R
. . s . a nd R . to
B s q Black m u s t b e ca refu l no t to play
. .
Q B t o a dv K K t fo u rt h, a lt ho ugh it
. . . . .
a
ppea rs a g o o d m o ve ; b eca u s e White
w o u l d ga i na P wn by t ki ng
a a K B P
. . .
w ith K B 3 . .
'
In
s tead o f t hi s , Black m ay a ls o cas tle, in
i m i ta t io no f t he W hite ; a nd W hi te push
ing K B . . P . t wo s q u a res , Bl ack is not
t o ta ke i t , no r s u ffer i t to a dva nce a nother
s te
p, b u t a l s o
pu s h K B t w o s q u ares, . . P .
and w il l ha ve a neq u al ga m e .
S ho u ld W hit e at t he s i x th m o ve , i ns tea d of
cas t l i ng pu s h , t he sa i d K . B . P . t wo
s t eps , B la c k , i n t his cas e , s ho u ld n
ot
i m ita te hi m , b eca u se Whi te w o u ld check

w i th t he Q . a t a dv . K . R fo u rt h ; but
.
t a ke K B . . P . w ith K P . .
, t he n White
reta ki ng i t w ith Q . B Bla ck w i ll
. cas tle
K t o his R
. . sq . a nd R . to B . sq . ha vi n
g
a b ett er o rdered ga m e t ha n t he W hite
“h im pl y Q
.
Finlly a , if a . to K . B t hird,
. or
t o a dv . K R fo u rth,
. .
Fo r this m u st ha ppen,
t ha t i f Bla c k tak e t he B wi th th e K t . .
White takes t he B wit h t he Q , havi n .

g a lre a dy g a in ed th e .
Pa wn and if i ns tea d he ret ire the K White pu s hes K B

, ,
. .
P on
. e s t ep o nthe B and t henretires his o wnBis hop
.
, .
E RCO LE DA L R IO ON C HESS .
B .
,
ha vi ng a ga m e of s om e a dva nt age ; n
si ce,
i f Black ta ke t he B w i th W hi te takes the . Q . P .

,
Q w it h t he Q
.
g i vi ng c h ec k a nd B l a c k bein
.
g , ,
o b lig ed t o ta ke t he w i t h his K W hi te would Q .

.
,
check a ga i nw i t h t he K t taki ng K B P a n
d . . .
.
,
a fterwa rds K R ; a n d if Black i n s t ead take

.
.
, ,
t he s a id B w i t h K B P W hite c hecks with

. . . .
,
t he Q
a t a dv K R fo u rt h acq u i ri n
.
g a.lso so me . .
,
a dva n ta ge .
N eit her s ho u l d Bla ck ta ke t he sa id Q . P .
w i th K P W hi te lea ps his K Kt to
. .
, b eca u se . .
a dv K K t fo u rt h ; t he nBlack pla y i n K
. . .
g Q t .
.
t o his K fo u rt h o r K : K t t o i ts R t hird White

.
,
. .
, ,
neve rt heless t a kes K B w i t h t he K t

, and .
. P . .
,
a ft er t he ex c ha nges w hich m ust fo l l o w , c hecks
w it h Q . a t a dv . K R fo u rt h,
. . rec o veri ng t he B .
w ith b et ter ga m e
a .
B la ck, ho w ever, as his b es t m o ve, ou

g ht to
ta ke Q P wi h K B t h nW hit
. . t . .
, e e
p u s h i ng Q .
B . P n t p n t h id B
.
o e s e o e sa .
, B lac k is not
to ret ire it to Q . B . fo u rt h, but to his
Q . Kt . t hi rd ; fo r t his reas o n , t ha t White
w o u ld ta ke K . B . P . w i th K . B .
—
c hecki ng ,
ha vi ng in vi e w t he fo l lo w i ng c heck w ith
t he Q . at a dv .
Q f . o u rth, b y whic h he wo uld
reco ver t he l os t Pi ec e , b es ides preve nti n t he
g
A dversa ry fro m cas tli ng .
m s cs nu ns o u s GA M ES . 17 3
T H IRD OP E NING OF G A M ES,

1 0 l l P L A YED
WHENEVER THE A DVE RS A RY DOES N G I A N SW ER

‘
W ITH
MV
M
TH E O ES OF T H E
P IA N O GA E,
BUT DEC LIN ES IT , A T TH E F IRS T, S EC ON D, OR TH IRD M OVE .
E mmet!
A cco rdi ng to the Orde r o f the sa i d three M oves .
WI TH A F INA L T UCTION TO
INS R T HE
B LA C K ,
ON HIS P ROP ER DE FEN C E .
T HE A DVE RS A RY HA VIN G T HE M OVE .
Mn ya, i n a n s w e ri ng t o t he fi rs t t hree m o ves ,
dec li ne t he ia nPo Ga m e ; eit her b eca u s e t hey
are n ot s u fli c ient ly s killed i nt he n ecessa ry de
fe nce , or to e m b a rrass t he lay er ha vi ng P

t he
firs t m o ve, o r eve nfro m t he m ere l o ve of no

re l ty . It is , ho w ever, necessa ry t o kno w ho w
0 a c t w it h Pl ya ers o f this des cript io n t herefo re,

11 t his t hi rd o pening, a re p rese nted t he princ i
E RC OL E D A L R IO ON C H E SS .
p al g a m es , p n g f
ro ceedi
r o m t h e i r re g u la r a n s w ers
o f t he A dve rsa ry ; w herei n t he m os t con cealed
sn a res a re po i n ted o u t an ,d t he m ost secure

m etho ds o f a vo i di n g t h e m s h e w n .
An d as m a n y s u p e rfi c ia l Pl ay e r s i m a g in e ,
t ha t ce rt a i na n s wers m a y b e s u b s t i t u t ed i n difl
'
er
en tly fo r t he fi rs t t hree o f t he
, P
ia n o Ga me;
t hey w i ll here b e m u c h m o re e n l i g hten ed by ,
disco veri n g t h e co n s e q u e n c es a n d t h u s in,
lea rn in g t h e q u al it
y o f t h e s e sa m e g a m e s , t h ey
w il l a t t he s a m e t i m e b eco m e m o re i n
, , t im ately
ac u a in t ed w i th t he reas o nof t he fi rs t m o ves
q .
Int he s u b sequ en t in s t ru ct io n s w i t h w hich as

, ,
w el l as t he o t hers t he prese n , t o pe n in g is c l os ed ,
g i v i ng t h e m o ve t o t h e W h i t e A d v e r s ar y it ,
w i ll b e s u ppos ed t ha t t he Black o n h is part

, , ,
an s wers a s m u c h as o i b l e w i t h t h m oves
, p ss , e
o f t he P
ia n o Ga m e t hey b ei n
, g t h e m os t m a s
t erly ; a n d t ha t t he W hite o nly decl in es t hem
w i t h t he rese rve o f pla y i n g a t t h e se c o n d m o v e
t he K i n g s B
’
is h o
p t o t h e Q
u e e n s
’
B is h o
p s
’
fo u rt h ; w hic h fo rm s t he s u bj
ect o f t he fou rth
o
pe ni ng ; nd of pu s hi ng a t the fi rs t m o ve, the
a
Q u ee ns P
a w nt o i ts ex ten
’
t w hich is res erved
fo r the s i x t h Open in g ; t o b es to w o nt h es e t wo
m o ves g rea t er a t ten t io n a n d i l lus tra t io n t han ,
c o u ld b e a fi o rded i no n e in st ru c t io no n
'
ly .
E RC O L E DA L R IO O N C H ESS .
FIRST DE ENC E OF F
IV K . . P . t wo s q u a res .
B . Q P tk. . a es it .
IV . Q tk . re a es t he P .
—
c hecki ng .
5 .
K B . . co vers a t K . seco nd .
K B to. . Q . B fo u rt h
. .
6 .
K K t to its B t hi rd
. . . .
If he ret ire t he Q . to K . second Black ,
cas t les w ith K . t o his Kt .

,
and R to K . .
sq . t he nW hi te la in
p y g Q . B to K t hird,
. .
B la ck l ea ps his K K t . . to a dv . K Kt . .
fo u rt h , w it h w hic h he w i l l ta ke the B
t he nc e ga i ning i na few m o ves K B P . . .
.
w hi c h w ill ha ve re -
ta ke n t he K . Kt .
Th erefo re he pla y s , i ns t ea d, to K B Q . . .
fo u rt h, i no rder t ha t t he K t m ay not be .
m o ved .
7
C as tl es K to R
. . a nd R . to K . s q u are .
If he t a ke K . B . P . w i th K . B he w ill he
.
m a ted i n t wo m o ves ; nd t here fore he a
l
p ya s K K t . . to K seco nd or. B to , Q . .
K t hird
. .
U ISC I L L A N E O I S G A J M ES .
8 .
K B to
. . a dv . Q . Kt fou r
. th— c hecki ng .
C o vers wi th w ha t he pleas es .
9 .
B . K R to a dv K fo u rth, wi th
. . . . a m u ch b etter
s it u atio ntha nhis Advers ary .
S EC OND DEFEN E OF T HE C WHIT E .
IV . Q . Kt to its B t hird
. .
.
4 .
B . K K t to its B t hird
. .
. .
W Q . . B . to a dv. K Kt fou rth

. . .
5 .
B . K B to K. . . s eco nd .
W . If he ta ke the K t . with a ni ntent n to ga i

Q P be
. .
, will b e gros s ly m is taken; a nd
therefo re cas tles , K t o . Q . Kt a n d R to
. .
Q . s q ua re .
6 .
B Q B
. . . P . two sq u ares .
W . If he do n
ot c heck w ith t he
Q .
, Black plays
Q B . . to K . third, ha vi ng a go od atta ck ;
b u t if he check wi th Q . at her R fo urth, .
7 .
B . Q B . . covers at Q . seco nd .
M
E RC O LE DA L R IO O N C H E SS .
IV Reti res the

. Q . to her K t thi rd . .
B . Q . B . P . no ther s tep
a .
W A s his
. only m o ve ta kes Q K t , . . P .
B . Q . B t o i ts t hi rd s q u a re
.
—
ga i ning the 0 .
LA S T F C
D E EN E OF T H E WH ITE .
W . Q . c hecks a t a dv . K fo u rth
. .
4 .
B . Q . B . c o vers a t K t hi rd
. .
H ere W hi te ca nplay K . P . t wo s q u a res ; also
Q . B t o K B fo u rt h
.
. . .
— Th erefo re ,
Fi r
s tly , viz .
K . P . t wo s
q u ares , to o
pe nt he ga m e .
5 .
K K t t o i ts B t hi rd
. . . .
If he play B to Q . . a dv . K K t fo u rt h, Black
. .
p l ay s K B t o . . Q . t hird, s u re a fterwa rds

of ga i ni ng at leas t t he K . P .
If, i ns tea d, he ta ke Q P . . w it h K P . .
, Black
c hec ks w it h K . B . at a dv . Q . Kt . fou rt h,
a nd then cas t l es K , . to his K t .
, a nd R .
E RC OL E DA L H IO C H ESS .
W . K . P . o ne s tep .
B . Q P . . t wo s q ua res }
W . K . B . to K . s eco nd ,
cas tl i ng
3 .
B . K K t to i t s B third
. . . .
W . T he sa m e.
4 .
B . K B to . . Q . third .
W . C a s t les , K to his K t
. .
, a nd R . to K . s qu are.
5 .
B . K R . . P . t wo s qu ares .
FIRS T DEFEN E OF THE C WHITE .
W 0 . P . n
o e ste p.
T he pla y Of t he Black, Q P t wo s qua res, ca nalso be . .
veri fied, as m a b seen in t he fo ll owi n p ara ra h, when

y e g g p
t he A dvers ary o pe s n w it h Q K t P pu s hed o n
. e st ep on
. ly »
.
s om e ha ve a ha d cu st o m of doing, t o who m i t app ea rs m a !
ea s y to defen
d a c lo s e a n
d un
ited game, because they do
not foresee the consequences .
m sca u a nno u s cu ms . 1 81
6 .
B . KP. . a no ther st ep o nt he Kt .
W . QP. . t akes K . P
7 .
Q . P
ta kes t he
. P .
If he play K K t . . to a dv. K Kt fou rt h, Black

. .
ta kes K . R . P . wi th t he B .
, ha vi ng i n
vi ew t he s u ccess i ve c heck w it h t he Kt . at
adv . K t fo u rt h,
. a nd wo u ld t hu s ga i n a
P wn
a .
And i f he pla y K K t to . . Q . fo u rt h,
8 .
B . S t ill ta kes K R . . P . w it h K B . .
W . K takes t he K B
. . .
9 .
K Kt
. . c hecks a t a dv . K K t fo u rth
. . .
If he pla y K to his R s q u a re, he w ill b e

.
.
m a ted b y t he i nt hree m o ves Q . .
If he play h i m to his R t hi rd, B lack ga i ns .
t he Q ta ki ng K B . . P . w i t h t he K K t . .
If he go to his K t s q u a re, Black pla y s . Q .
t o adv K R fo u rt h, reg u la t i n
.
g h i.m sel f .
b y t he m o ves w hi ch a re b elo w .
If he go to his K t t hi rd, B la ck checks wit h .
K R . an . P
d, a cco rdi n g .t o his next
m ove, W hite will e it her b e m a ted i n

t hree m oves , o r los e his Q .
E RCOLE DA L R IO ON C H E SS .
And, fi na l ly , i f, as his b es t m o ve, he take

t he K t . w i th t he B .
,
10 .
B . P . ta kes t he B .
—
dis covering c heck, from
t he R .
If he pla y t he K t o his K t t h ird, Black . .
c hec ks w it h t he a t a dv K R fo u rth ; Q . . . .
a nd W hi te , m o vi ng his K . to his B .
fo u rt h, B lack dis co vers check fro m the

Q .
, a dva nc i ng t he do u b led then P
W hi t e , pa ss i ng t he K t o a dv K fo u rth . . .
,
B la c k c hecks w i t h t he R . at i ts fo u rth,
nd t hence m a tes hi m i n a fe w m oves,
a ,
or
g a i ns t he Q .
T herefo re i n s t ea d he
pl ay s K t o his Kt
, , . .
s q u a re .
11 .
Q . to a dv . K R fo u rt h
. . .
If he pl a y K B . . P . o ne o r t wo s t eps , Black
Q
.
chec ks w i t h t he . a t a dv . K R .
. s q u a re ;
nd W hite m o v i ng his K t o his B se

a , . .
co nd Bla ck c hecks wi t h t he do u b led P

,
.
,
an d t henm a t es nex t m o ve .
And if in s t ea d he l
p ya K t o his B s u are
, q , . . ,
12 .
A dva nc es t he do u b led ne s tep P . o .
If he pl a y K t o . his s eco nd s q u a re Black ,

E RC OL E DA L R IO O N C HE “ .
B . No w, o r ether ex c ha nging Pawns , taksa l .
B . P . wit h K K t . .
W . K takes t he K t
. .
9 .
Q . c hecks at adv. K R . . fo u rth, a n

d then
t akes K R . . P . wi t h Q . B ; . or with the
Q .
, s ho u ld he co ver t he check wi th the
Kt P nd wi nni ng the ga m e ; al l tha
'
. .
, a
p ro ceed i ng fr o m t he A dvem ry s Pieces

’
b ei ng so m u c h co n fi ned .
IV . Q . Kt . P . o ne s tep .
2 .
B . QP . . t wo s q u a res .
W . QB . . to Q . Kt . seco nd .
3 .
m i cn u nno u s GA MES . 1 85
6 .
Dou b led ta kes t he P P . .
If he play K K t t o i ts B third, Black . . .
takes K . R P . .
, discoveri ng check fro m
t he Q thenWhite, taking t he Q . w i th
K Kt. .
, i s m a t ed w i t hK B . . at a dv . K Kt. .
t hird .
Th erefo re, he plays K B t o K K t . . . . s eco nd

.
7
Do ub led P . ta kes K R . . P discoveri ng
check fro m t he Q .
K t o his B
. . s q u a re .
8 .
P . ta kes t he K K t; .
If he take the Q . w i t h t he R Black decl a res

t he P Q . a u ee n a nd m ates him
, ; p la y ing
K . B t Q
. o . B fo u rt h,
. or to adv K . . R .
nd defendi ng t he sa id
seco , Q .
Therefore i n s te ad he m akes o n
, e o f the t wo ,
fo llo wi ng d efe nc es
FIRST DE EN E OF THE F C WHlT E .
W . K R takes the
. . P .
9 .
B . Q . checks at adv. K B fou rth . . .

E R C OL E DA L B ID O N C H E SS .
W . If he play K t o his s q u are, Black check!

.
w it h Q
a t a dv K K t . d then
t hi rd, a n . . .
ta kes t he B w hich a t ta cks t he R

'
.
, .
;
havi ng a ga m e w o nb y i ts nat u re .
Th erefo re, he co vers wit h K . B . at i ts third
Q . B . checks a t a dv . K R t hi rd . . .
If he play K t o his s q uare, he w ou ld be

.
m a ted i nt wo m o ves .
If he c o ver w i th t he R .
, he w ou l d n rem ai
cl ea rl y inferi o r info rce, and i ns i t ua ti on .
And i f he m o ve K to his . B s ec o n
. d ,
11 .
Pl y a s K K t to i ts B t hird
. . . .
If he ta ke t he K t w it h t he B . .
, B la ck, re
t aki ng t he B .
, rem a i ns s u pe ri o r o ne Pi ece
nd o ne a w n
a P .
If i n
, s tea d he ta ke the R w i th t he B
, . .
,
Bla ck c hecki n ,g w it h t h e K t a t a dv K . . .
fo u rt h m a t es hi m i nt w o m o ves
, .
An d i f he do no t ta ke ei ther t he R o r Kt . .
,
b u t pus hes K on e s t ep o nt he Q. P . .
,
12 .
Q . c hecks a t a dv . K R . . seco nd .
Co vers w i t h t he B -
.
, t hat he m a y not lose
t he R .
1 88 E RC OL E o n no. o n cu x ss .
Firs tly , viz.
IV K . . P . o ne s tep .
11 .
K R . . P .
‘
o ne s tep to adv K R fou rth . . . .
If he pla y to K B third, Black, atl Q .

‘
. .
va nci ng t he R a no t her s tep, ga i n

s an . P .
nta ge
a dva .
And if i ns tead he , , reti re K : to his B .
sq uare,
12 .
B . K B
. . P
ne s tep enclos i ng the B
. o , .
,
n
d
a
ga i ni ng i t i na few m o ves .
Seco ndly , viz .
Ret u rns w i th Q . B t o i ts K t
. . se co nd .
I] .
K R
. . P . o ne s t ep to a dv . R fo u rt h
. .
K t o his B
. . s
q ua re .
12 .
K R
. . P . a no ther s tep to a dv . R third . .
If he ta ke it w i t h t he B Bla ck c hecks with

Q . at a dv . K B fo u rt h
. .
; t he nW hi t e,
as
his b es t m o ve, play i ng K t o his Kt . .
s q u a re , B lac k ta kes the B wi t h the B , . .
a nd then repea ts check wi t h Q . a t adv .

H IS C E L LA N E O UB G A M ES .
K K t fo u rt h
. .
And ret i ri ng t he a tta cked B to i ts t.hi rd s q .

,
13 .
Pl y Q
a s . B to
. K Kt fou rt h, pu t
a dvers e . .
ting t he Bis ho ps i n ex c ha n e
g ; a nd w i ll
w in .
E RC O L E DA L R IO ON C H E SS .
CHA PTER II.
The Whi t e decl i ni ng t he P ia no Ga m e a t t he secon

da
I .
W . T he sa m e .
2 .
B . K K t t o i ts B third
. . . .
W hi te ca nno w pla y ,
1 . K K t t o i ts B t hi rd
. . .
.
2 . K B to . . Q . t hi rd .
3 K . . B to. Q . B . fo u rt h .
’
4 . Q . to K B thi rd:
. .
5 . Q P . . o ne s te
p .
— T herefore ,
I .
IV K K t to i ts B t hi rd
. . . . .
3 .
B . K K t ta kes K
. . . P .
W . T he sa m e.
B . Q . to K . seco nd ,
IV If he. ret i re t he Kt .
, he lo ses t he Q . b '
E RC O L E DA L 8 10 011 2 88 .
B to . Q . t hi rd .
it
B . K B to . . Q . B fo u rth
. .
W . K K t t o its B t hird
. .
. .
4 .
B . Q P . . two s q u a res .
F IRST DEFENCE OF W HI E T .
W K . . K t t akes K . . P .
1
’
5 .
B . Q P . . takes K . P .
W . K B to . . Q . B fo u rth
. .
6 .
B . Q . to a dv . Q . fo u rt h .
W . K B . . ta kes K . B P . .
— c hec ki ng .
f n
This m ov e is
t d i b l b eca use i t p even
r ts Q P
'
o a v sa e , . .
bein g m o ve d a nd co n seq uen tl y t h

,
e b r in i
g gn ou t t ha t w a y th e , ,
Q B b es ides ot her inco n

. . ven ien c es whic h m us t b e derived ,
fro m it ; as m a y b e seeni nt he presen t pa ragraph .
If} i nst ea d o f t his a nd the follo win g de f en ce h e sh ou ld ,
li ke Q P with K P , Black, u s hin K P on

.
p
.
g . e st ep, g. ain " . .
Piece .
H ISC E L L A N E O U S GA M ES .
7 .
B . K to his
. s eco nd s qu are:
C as tles , a lla C a l a b ti s t a .
8 .
Q . takes K . Kt .
Ret ires K B to . . Q . B fo urt h . .
9 .
K K t to a dv K K t fo u rt h
M
. . . . . .
K Kt.
. P . o ne s tep, t o prevent t he a te .
10 .
B . K R t o i ts B
. . . sq .
, w inni ng the ga m e .
S E C OND DEFENC E OF T HE W I E HT .
W . Q . K t t o i ts B t hi rd
. .
.
5 .
Q P . . takes K . P .
If he t ake t he P . wi t h t he K . B Black
.
l i
p y g
a n K . Kt . to a dv . K Kt . . fo u rt h ;
a fterwa rds p u s hes K B . . P . t wo s

q u ares .
T herefo re he takes t he P . w it h Q . Kt .
6 .
B . K t ta kes the K t
. .
W . Retakes the Kt w i t h t he B . .
N
E RC O L E DA L R IO O H C H “ .
B . K B . . P . t wo s q uares .
W . If he ta ke K . P . w i t h the K t .
, Black
Q . to a dv. Q . fo u rt h .
And i f he ret i re t he a tta cked B . to h. 0 .
t hi rd,
B . P u s hes K . P . a not her s tep, ha vi ng
W . K B to . . Q . B fo u rt h 1
. .
'
3 .
B . K K t ta kes K
. . . P .
W . Q . to K . seco nd .
4 .
Not a t a l l cari ng fo r the c hec k of t he Q . at adv. K R

. .
fourth b eca use Bla ck c overs with K . Kt P . . n

s ti cki
g the
s aid Q. a nd White ca nn
o t ta ke the K t . P with t he K t
. . sil u
Bla ck freely takes i t wit h R P , t he R b eing al rea dy defi l tld . . .
b y t he Q .
1 Th i s seco n
'
d m o ve o f the White does n ot n ecessarily ! “
du ce t he los s of a Pa wn , b u t o n
ly a ninferior i tul t i sl ; I
will be afterwa rds percei ved.

E R CO L E DA L R IO ON C H ESS .
t he sa m e m a nner, rem a i ni ng s u perioron

e
P aw n b es ides havi ng a b et ter game

,
.
S EC O ND DEFE NC E OF T HE WHITE .
W Ret i res K
. . B to. Q . K t t hi rd
. .
B . K B to
. . Q . B fo u rt h
. .
W . K B . . P . o ne s tep .
B . K K t to a dv K B
. . . . nd, a tta c ki ng K R
. s ec o . .
W . Q . ta kes K P . .
—
c hec ki ng .
7 .
B . C o vers w i t h t he Q .nd a fter t he ex chan

, a ge .
ta kes t he R .
, g a i ni ng s o m e a dva nt a ge .
TH IRD DEFE NC E OF T HE W H ITE .
W . The a tta cked B . to Q . t hi rd, as his best

m o ve .
5 .
N o t to nga ge him self i n a l o ng series of

e
m oves w hic h do n ot
pro du ce a n com
,
y
pell ed a dva nt a
g e : h e d oa no t s u stai n
t he K t by m ovi ng K B P t wo s u ares
.
q . . . .
H IS C E L L A N E OU S G A M ES .
as Sa l vio a nd Lo l li s u ppo s ed, b ut i m m e

dia tely re t i res t he sa id K t . to i ts B t hi rd
. .
Q . ta kes K . P .
—
c hecki ng .
6 .
C o vers wi t h K . B . at K . s eco nd , a nd t hen

cas t les , K t o his K t
. .
, a nd R . to K . s q u a re,
ha vi ng a m u c h b ett er s it u a t i o n tha n t he
W hit e w ho ha s e x po sed
, his o w n to Q .
annoya nc e his K B o u t , . . o f t he c entre ,
and his o t her ieces s hu t u p ; t his pro P

ceedi ng a s w as sa i d a b o
, ve fro m hi s se ,
co nd m o ve i nw hic h he ou g ht ra t her t o ,
defe ndK w i th . P
K t a t her B t hi rd . Q . . . .
Q . to K . B t hird . .
3 .
K B . . toQ B . fo u rt h .
If he l
p y Qat . o K K t t hi rd,
. . a t tacki ng K .
P nd K K t P Bla c k
. a . . .
, cas tl es a ll a Ca
l a bris t a lea vi ng K , . P . e np ris e : s i nce
if W hite ta ke i t , B lack t a kes K B . . P .
w it h K B . .
—
c hec ki ng ; w i t h a ga m e won
b y i ts na t u re ; tit And t herefo re he a ls o
pla y s K B to . . Q . B fo u rt h
. .
And t his wo u ld proceed fro m the erro r o f t he White i n ,
t
g K P . . at his fourth m ove ; from which m ay be dedu ced
1 98 m oo n o n no o nc rress
. .
4
B . C as tles , K t o his K t
. . sq uare a n
d R . to K
s q u a re .
W . Q P . . o ne st ep .
5 .
B . QP . . t wo s q ua res .
F IRS T DEFE NCE OF T HE WH ITE .
TV T k Q P w i t h th B
. a es . . e .
6 .
K t ta kes t he B
. .
K . P . ret akes t he Kt .
7 .
B . K . P . o ne s te
p t o a dv . K . fo u rth, a cq u i ri ng
i na fe w m o ves the t wo P aw s, n w i th a
g a m e no t i nferio r to his A dversa ry .
a lso tha t t he m o ve of t he Whi te Q . to K K t

. . t hird , if a ct
posi ti vel y wro n

g,
is at lea s t u seless , not produ cing a n
y a d
va nta ge fro m nly o b serve, t ha t the sam e ph y may
it . Iwill o
y et s u cc eed t h e A d v
,ers a ry h a vi ng t he m o ve ; as will b e n
o
t iced i nt he In s t ru ct io no f t he Fo u rt h Open in g a t 5 IV , .
E RC O L
E DA L R IO ON C HE SS .
to his B . s q u are :
B . R takes the Q
. .
, ha vi ng a
na t u re .
T HIRD DEFE NCE OF T HE WHITE .
W K . . P . takes t he P .
6 .
B . KP . . a no ther s tep , to a dverse K fo u rth

. .
W . QP .
. ta kes i t .
7 .
B . Q . B to
. a dvers e K K t fo u rth
. . .
IV Q to her K t th ird
. . . .
8 .
B . K K t ta kes K P *
. . . .
W If he
'
. ta ke t he Q . Kt . P . w i th t he Q .
,
g a i ns the Q . ret i ri ng t he K t . to Q .
dis co veri ng c heck fro m t he R .
And if he pla y Q . B to K . . t hi rd,
If White, at hi s seve nth m o ve, had m o ved his Q . n

y
a
where el se, Blac k s ho u ld s till ha ve taken t he K . P with

.
his K t .
M IS C E L L A N E O U S c u re s . 20]
B . R ta kes t he B
. .
IV . Q . takes the R .
11
Q . checks a t a dverse K R fo u rth
. . .
C o vers wit h K . Kt . P .
12 .
B . Q . c hecks a t K B thi rd, ga i n

. ing t he. Q . a nd
t he ga m e .
W . QP . . o ne s tep .
it
If White s ho u ld pla y the sa id P t wo . s quares , Bla ck

t a kes K . P . w it h t he a nd White takin
g K . P . wit h
Q P Bla c k pla y s K B t o Q B fo u rth ; ha ving a ga m e

. .
, . . . .
wo nb y i t s n a t ure .
Defen di n g K P b la
y p y gi n a t t
. he s ec
. o n d m o ve Q P o n e , . .
s t ep i n s tea d o f Q K t t o i ts B t hird is n
, . o t s o goo d a m o ve
. .
,
Firs t b eca u se it s hu ts u p K B Sec o n

, d b eca u se b ei n g o ft en . .
, ,
o b l iged to play t he sa id Pa wnt o Q fou rt h i t is doin g i n t w o .

,
m o ves w hat cou ld have beendo n e ino n e on ly : Third ti n a lly , ,
b ec a use defen din g K P w it h Q K t a s t.h e m o s t co.m e t . .

,
w riters ha ve do n e pu ts a Piec e ina c t ivit y

,
For whic h rea so n s .
Lo pes w ho u sed t o defen

,
d wi t h Q P , wa s j us tly repro ved . .
b y t he A ca dem y of N a ple s , who ta u ght t he Q K t t o be . .
m o ved: nd Philido r, a l so , is deservedly n

ce s ured for fol
M
a
lo wing L o
pez i nthi s m o ve, b
y t he Ano ny m o u s o de n ese i n
hi s C rit ical Letters , regis tered inLo lli, a lt er the T rea tise o n
t he Defen
ce .
E RC OL E DA L R IO O R 0 3 388 .
3 .
B . QP . .
t wo s q ua res .
FIRS T DEFENCE OF
W . K . P . t akes t he Q P . .
4 .
Q . reta kes t he P .
If he pla y Q
B t o a dvers e K K t fo u rth,
. . . .
Blac k l ea ps hi s K K t to a dverse K Kt . . . .
fou rt h ; W t hen i f
hite pu s hes K R P . . .
on e s tep o r pl a y s ,K B o n t he Kt . . .
,
B la ck a dva nces K ano t her s te

p; an d . P .
w i ll ha ve m a de a go od o pen in g o f t he
ga m e .
And i f, i n
s t ea d o f t he B .
, he play Q . K t to .
i ts B t hi rd,.
5 .
Pl y K B t
a s . . o a dvers e Q . K t fo u rt h
. .
Q B t Q
. . o . seco nd .
6 .
Q . t o her o w ns q u a re .
If he pla y Q
K t to R fo u rt h, Black takes
. . .
i t w it h his K t , a nd White ta ki ng ei ther .
t he B . wi t h t he B .
, or t he K t wi th the
.
P .
, Black, i n either cas e, l
p y
a s Q . to
E RCO L E DA L B IO ON C H E SS .
5 .
K K t to . . a dverse K K t fo u rth
. . .
Q P . . a no ther s te p to Q . fo u rt h .
6 .
B . K . P .no t her s q u are to a dverse K third

a , . ,
m enac i n t l hi s K K t t o dm
g o
p y
a a .
d “
.
K B s ec o n
. . .
If he pla y K B t o B fo u rth, Black . . Q . .
l
p ya s K K t t o a dv K B sec o nd ; t.hen . . . .
W hit e l a in
p y g Q . to K B . . t h ird , Black
A b et ter m o ve t ha n t ha t of Phil ido r, who his Ihird

' ‘
at
Pa rt y ,
m a kes W hit e pla y a t t he s ec o nd m o ve Q P . . n
o e s tep,
a nd Bla c k a t t his s ix t h m o ve t he K B P t wo
. . . s q u a res ; n
d
a
wit h t he s e t w o m o ves , w hic h a re no t t he m o st ha ppy, he
pret e nds t o pro ve t ha t Bla c k ha s play ed b a dly , a t his secon

d
m o ve, v iz. K K t t o his B t hird These m o ves o f P hilidor
Mn
. . . .
w ere ns u red b y t he A no nvm o u s

also c e o de ese , inhis let ters
q u o t ed a b o ve i nw h i c h he m a kes,t he sa m e m o ves as inthe

p res e nt defenc e . P hilido r ex pres s es hi m sel f a s fo llo w s
"
T a o rs rs ms r A a rra
'
.
C o m m en n l N i dem o n tre, q u enj ou an

nil ’
ca t pa r e o r,
o es t
t
le C heva lier do Ro i a ns ec o nd c o u p, c es t t el lem ent m a l j oue,

’
l o nn e vil er de perdre l a t ta q u e, de le do nn
' ’
q ue e peu t et er a
s o nA dvers a i re .
l . N . Le Pio ndu Ro i deu x pas .
B . De m em e .
2 . N . Le C hev du Ro i a la tro is iem e

. ca s e de so nPo u .
B . Le Pio nde la Dam e nu pa s .

”
M IS C E L L A N E O US GA M ES .
l
p ya s Q . to her nd s q u a re ;
s eco s u re of
ga i ni ng a Pi ece fo r a a w n P .
And i f, i ns tea d of t he B .
, b e pla y K K t to . .
its R thi rd,

.
7 .
K K t ta kes t he R
. . . P .
If he ta ke t he K t w i th t he R .
,
. B lac k l
p y a s
Q . to a dv . K R . . fo u rt h, —
g i vi ng c hec k,
nd ru i ni ng t he
a A dvers a ry .
And if he ta ke K . P . w it h Q . B .
,
8 .
K t ta kes K B
. . .
If he ta ke t he K t w ith the K he lo ses the . .
co nvenie nce o f c as t li ng ,
a nd has a P wn
a
i s o la ted ; a nd i f he ta ke it w it h t he B .
,
9 .
B . Q . B ta kes t he K t
. nd t henc hec ks w it h . a Q .
a t a dv K R fo u rt h ga i n
. . ing a .a w n w i t h , P
a b et ter s i t u a t io n .
E ROOLE C HEN .
CH A PTER I" .
declining t he P ia no Ga me, at M e third m .
l .
B . K . P . t wo s q ua res .
IV T he . s am e .
2
K K t to i ts B t hi rd
. . . .
Q . K t t o i ts B t hird
. . .
3
K B to. . Q . B fo u rt h
. .
K K t to i ts B t hird
. . . .
“
If, i ns t ea d o f K K t he ha d pla ed o u t Q t o K secon d

y
. . , . .
or K B t hird, or ha d p u s hed Q P o n
. . e s t ep, Bla c k s hould . .
ha ve him s el f b y t he light given i n t he precedin

regu la t ed g
c ha pt er ; a nd t herefore, w e s u ppo se o nly int his t hird cha pu ,
t ha t White pla y s K K t t o i t s B t hird whic h is no t a good
. . .
,
m o ve o b ligi n h i m ei t her t o do u b le a P a wn o r l o s e the eon

, g ,
ven ien ce o f c a s t lin o r rec eive s o m e o t her s m a ll b u t s till

g , ,
s erio u s det ri m en t i n s it ua tio n; Bla ck pla y in g a s h er e d i

ree l ed.
E RC O L E DA L N O ON C HES S .
FIRST DEFE NCE OF T HE W ITE H .
W . K R . . P . o ne s tep .
7 .
B . Is not t o t ake K B ; with K K t b ecame . . P . .

,
White w o u l d t hen ha ve a good defen ce ;
b u t pla y s to K B thi rd a n Q . d after . .

,
the ex cha n g es w hi c h w il l fo l l o w w ill ,
rem a i ns u eri or a t l eas t a

p a w n P .
SE CO ND DEFEN CE OF T HE W H ITE .
W Q .
. B t o K : thi rd
. .
7 .
K K t ta kes
. . Q . B .
K B . . P .
ta kes t he K . Kt .
8 .
B . K B to
. . a dv . Q . K t fo u rth ; t hu s m a ki n
.
g
W hite do u b le t he Q . Kt P . .
, or i f he
s ho u l d ret ire K K t to K
. . . sec o nd B lack
checks w it h Q . a t a dv . R fo u rth,
. afi er
w a rds ga i ning K . P .
GA M ES . 209
RD
T III DEFE NCE OF T HE WH IT E .
W . K B to K
. . . seco nd .
7 .
. B . K K t takes K B
. . . . P .
W . K ta kes the K t
. .
8 .
Q . to K B t hi rd
. .
—
c hec ki ng .
K to his t hi rd s q u are,
. t o s u s ta i n
9 .
Q . K t to i ts B t hi rd
. . .
Q . K t to adv
. . Q . K t fo u rth . .
10 .
B . Q . to K . fo u rt h .
W . Q . B . P . o ne s tep
B . Q . R . P . o ne s tep .
W . Q . K t to . Q . R t hi rd
. .
B . Q . ta kes K . P . c hec ki ng .
W . K to his B
. . s eco nd , as his bes t .
13 .
B . Kt ta kes t he K t
. .
W Reta kes
. t he K t wi t h . Q . B . P .
14 .
B . B ta kes the P
. . checki n
g; thencas t les , K to .
0
E RC O L E DA L B IO O N C H ES S .
his K t . a nd R . to K . s
q u are ; ha vi n
g a
m u ch b et ter ga m e .
FOURTH DEFE NCE OF T H E W HI E T .
W . K t ta kes
. Q . P .
Q . B . P
ne s tep . o .
If he ret u rnt he a t ta cked K t . to Q . B third,

.
he w i l l lo s e t he o the r K t w i t ho u t
. reco n
p e c e n .
And i f he ret i re t he sa id K t to K . . t hi rd , to
p u t hi m i nex cha nge,

8 .
B . A s his b es t m o ve, i m m edia tely ta kes K Kt . .
w i t h t he Q .
; rem a i ning su
pe ri or by a
P i ece .
F IFT H DE FE NCE OF T HE W H IT E ;
V K
I . . P . t a kes K B
. . P .
7 .
B . K K t ta kes K B
. . . . P .
IV If he. c heck w it h Q . at K . seco nd Black

, ,
as
his b es t , co vers w i th t he Q .
212 E RC OL E DA L no o n mu ss .
INS R T UCTIONS T0 THE B LAC K ,
ON HIS PROPER D EF EN C E ,
TH E A DVERSA R Y HA VIN G T HE M OVE .
CHA PTER I .
The Whi te devi a t i ng from t he P ia n

o Ga me, at the m ad
m ove .
1 .
K . P . t wo s q u ares .
T he sam e .
H ere the W hi te canplay ,
Q P
1 . . on .e s te
p .
2 Q P w
.
q . . t o s u ares .
3 Q B P on t p
. . . . e s e .
4 Q t d K R f
. . o a v . . . ou rth ; a nd therefore ,
W . Q P. . o ne s tep .
H ISC E L L A N EO U S GA M
E S .
B . K B to . . Q . B fo u rth
. .
8 .
Q . to K . seco nd .
. . .
4
Q
.
. B to K t hi rd
. . .
Q . K t to . a dv . Q . fo u rth .
5 .
Q . to her nd s qu are seco .
Q . to K sec o n
. d .
6 .
W . Q . B . P . o ne s tep .
B . K K t to i ts B t hird
. . . .
7 .
W . P . ta kes t he K t .
B . P . reta kes the P .
8 .
T he a tta cked B t o K B fou rth . . . .
K B to a dv
. . . Q . K t fo u rth
. .
9 .
C o vers t he Q . w ith t he K t .
P . ta kes t he K t .
, a nd W hite reta ki ng the P .
w i t h the P .
, Black rem a i ns wi th a ga m e
eq ua l , certa i nly , in Pi eces , b u t b e tt er
s it ua ted . 0
The present paragraph is given , u nder t he idea t ha t
Whi te plays Q P , to b ring ou t Q B to K third, t hence to

. . . . .
o blige Bla ck to excha n

ge Bis hops .
2 14 E RC OL E DA L no o ncu e ss .
2 .
IV . QP . . t wo s q u a res .
B . K P . . t a kes i t .
Q . t akes t he P .
Q . K t t o its B t hird
. . .
4 .
Q . t o her ns q u a re ; where s he ca nnot be

ow
annoy ed no r o b s t ru ct her o w n i eces

, P .
B . K B t o Q B fo u rt h
. . . . .
H ere W hi te m a y t ry t wo m etho ds of la i
p y g n .
IV K B to
. . . Q . B . fo u rt h, t hrea teni ng to take
T wo o t hers o f t he sa m e ned inthe Fourth

kind a re ex la i
p
O pen in g ; o ne i n C h a
p L B la c k h a.vi ng t h,e m o ve ; the
o t her whic h veri fies i t se lf wit h grea t er vi va c i ty

, an d m ore ,
a dva n ta ge t o the Bla c k i s in g I o f t he In

, s tru c ti o ns to t he .
Bl a ck t he A dversa ry ha vin
, g t he m o ve H er e h o w e ve r it .
, ,
m ay be n eedfu l to o b s erve t ha t if Whi te a t hi s fi ft h move

, , ,
ha d ret ired his Q t o her o w ns q in

. s tea d o f t o her secon .d sq .
,
B la c k o u ght n o t t o wit hdra w fro m t he ex c ha ne o f Bisho s

g p ,
b u t s hou ld retire t he K t fro m t he a t tack o f t he A dversan!

'
Pa wn .
E R C OL E DA L R IO ON 033 89 .
If he play Q
B t o a dv K K t fourth, in. . . . .
w il l do wro ng, fo r t he reas o ng i venthei r
at the s i x t h m o ve ; a nd if he defen
d li .
P . wi th t he Q . Kt .
, or pus h the said P .
Black, b y lea pin

e s tep, g K K t to adv . . .
K K t fo u rt h, w ill ga i nat leas t a awn

. . ; P
t herefo re , i t wou ld b e b ett er if White ,
at
t his s ix t h m ove, s ho u l d pla y K B to 0 . .

.
t hird, a nd w i ll ha ve a s ec u re ga m e .
2 .
W . Q B . . P . o ne s te
p i t .
B . Q . P . t wo s
q u a res .
H ere W hite ca nplay i nt wo ways ,

viz .
3 .
W . K . P . ta kes Q . P .
, as P hilido r s u p os ed
p .
1 Ph'
il ido r i nhi s Fo u rt h Pa rty, pre tends tha t he who had t he
firs t m o ve ca n no t, a t his s ec o nd m o ve, play Q B P on e . . .
s te
p ; o t herwi s e, nhe l os es t he a tta ck,
d p ro b a b ly t he ga m e a .
T his propo s it io nis a s s ay ed very c o u rageo usly by t he A n on
M
y ,
m ous o den ese inhis let ters q u o ted before : an

, d t herefore ,
:
i nthis pa ra graph are expl ain ed the m oves o f both a uthors .

mrs c s x u s s ous Gu ru . 2 17
B . 0 takes t he
. P .
4 .
If he play P on Q
e s tep, Bla ck pl a y s K
.
'
. .
B
‘
. P
t wo s q u a res ; ha vi n
.
g a b et te r s i t u a
t io nof t he ga m e, b y hi s t wo a wn s at P
t he fo u rth sq . ; a nd i f he pla v t he sa id
Q P
t wo s q u a res ,
. .
B P takes t he
. P .
5 .
W . Q . B . P . reta kes t he P .
B . Q . B . P . t wo s q ua res .
6 .
W . Q .
B P .
. takes t he Q .
. K t t o i ts B t hi rd
. . .
Int he s eco nd p l a ce ,
3 .
wit h m o re reas o n
M
K K t t o i ts B: t hi rd,
. . as , ,
was s u pposed b y t he A nony m o us o de
nese .
B . If he ta ke the P . w i th t he P . White c hecks

w ith Q . at her R . fo u rth

‘
; ta k i n
g afiei
wa rds eit her t he do u b led P . w i t h the Q, .
or K . P . w it h t he K t .
, acco rdi ng to the
m anner he co vers . Th erefo re he plat s
Q . B to. a dv . K K t fo u rt h
. . .
4 .
K . P . ta kes the Q P . .
If he pu s h K . P
ne s tep o nt he K t White
. o .
,
frees hi m b y checki n w i th Q a t her R

g .
.
fo u rth . And t herefo re i ns tea d he takes , ,
t he P . w i t h the Q .
5 .
Q . c hecks a t her R fo u rt h . . .
C o vers t he c heck w ith Q . B fi .

‘ '
6 .
Q . t o her B fo u rth, ng h is A dret

.
p ro vo k i
s a ry to ex cha n g e Q u ee n s ; s e c u r e of
b eing a b le t o o pen o ppo rt u nely bv ,
la in
p y g t w o s
q u a res Q P
w i t ho
. u t an y
.
,
da n g er .
0 Whic h is b etter t ha nc o vering t his check w it h Q a t her .
s eco n d s q u a re ; b eca u s e W hi te b rin i

g gn hi s K B t o adv
, . . .
Q . K .t fo u rt h a nd Bl a c k
, pu s hi ng Q B P o ne s te p White . . .
,
t a kes K P w it h t he K t ; b y w hic h he wo u ld rem a inwi th a

. . .
Pa wnm ore a n d ha ve a b etter ga m e

, .
E R C O L E DA L RIO O N C HE SS .
CHA PTER II .
Whi te decli nin

g t he P ia no Ga na t the third more .
1 .
W . K . P . t wo s qu a res .
B . T he sam e .
2 .
. . . .
Q . K t t o i ts B t hi rd
. .
.
H ere W hit e ca nplay ,
1 . K B t o a dv
. . . Q .
K t fo u rth
. .
Q P . . t wo s
q u a res , a nd t he refo re,
3 .
K B
. . to a dv . Q . K t fo u rth . .
A lt ho u g h he ca ncom e o u t wi t h K B . . to Q .
B . fo u rt h, i t is m o re ex pedi ti o us for
him to pu s h o ne s te
p Q . R . P .
4 .
IV K B ta kes
. .
. Q . Kt .
N IS C EL L A N EO US GA M ES .
B . Q . P . ta kes the B .
5 .
K t t akes K
. . P .
to adverse Q . fo u rth .
6 .
Kt
to i ts fo u rth s q
. .
, as b es t m ove .
B takes K K t
. . .
7 .
W . Q . reta kes the B .
. B . K K t to i ts B t hi rd
. . .
; havi ng a ga m e not
inferio r to his A dversa ry .
3 .
W . Q P . t wo s q u a res
. .
B . To a vo id vari o u s a t ta cks , the K t ta kes t he . P .
4 .
W . If he ta ke the K t w i th the K t . .
, Black re
t akes t he K t wi th K . . P .
B u t i f, i n
s tea d of t he Kt .
, he take K . P
B . Is not t o pla y K B to . . Q . B . fo u rth ; be
Or he ca ntake the P . with the Q b ut not yet b ring out

K B t o Q B fourth ; b eca use White cas tlin
. . . .
g a lla C a la bri s t a ,
Bla c k could not t hentake K P with t he Q as White, in . . .
tha t case, would play K . R. t o K . s quare.

ca u s e W hite w o u l d do t he sa m e , o bligi n
g
B la ck, as his b es t , to ret i re Q . K t to K . .
t hi rd w henW hit e w o u ld t a k e i t with

h is K . B . ha vi ng a ft erwa rds a ver ad
y
va nt a geo u s ga m e : b u t he is i m m ediatelv
to ret i re t he s a id K t t o K t h i rd
. . .
5.
K B to
.
.
Q . B fo u rth
. .
Is no t to do t he s a m e, fo r t he ng i ven
rea s o
a b o ve ; neit her is he to pu sh Q o ne . P .
s tep , fro m t he lo ss which w o u ld fo l lo w
by W hite c hec ki ng w it h K . B . a t a dv .
Q K t fo u rt h
.
. b u t is t o play Q . to K . B .
t hird .
6 .
II T he a tta cked K t t o i ts fo u rth n

'
. . s
q u a re , o
t he a dv . Q .
B .
Q . to K Kt . . t hi rd, a t ta ck i ng t he a dv . K .
P . nd t hu s w i ll ha ve t i m e to b ri ng o u t
, a
h is P
ieces o nt he K i n g s s i de ; a ft e rw a rds
’
t o ca s tle w it h a neq u a l ity i nt he a m e

, g .
E R C OL E D A L B IO ON
ca nb e m a de, w here i t is not w is hed to play

t he K i n K nig ht t o t he B is ho p t hird
’ ’
o ut g s s
Th ese i rreg u lar ga m es , proceedi ng from hil l
w ho has t he fi rs t m o ve, are the s u b ect of the j

p res e n t o en
p i ng ; a n d w il l b e eq u a l ly p l e asin g
and in s t ru ct i ve as t ho se a lrea dy s he w n: so that
ex cept t he K i n G h n
’
( g s a m b i t,) t ey w i l l fi is h b y
ins t ru ct i ng t h e s t u d en t i n t he p ri nc i p a l a r tifi ces
w hich m ay b e pract is ed fro m t he K in d

’
g s s i e .
l l IS C E L L A N EO U S GA ME S .
CHA PTER I .
a nsweri ng nd m ore of
t he seco the B lack, by
s hi n Q P on t
p u
g e s ep . . .
1 .
K . P . t wo s
q u a res .
T he sa m e .
2 .
K B to . . Q . B fo u rt h
. .
V . Q P . . o ne st ep .
3 .
9 . Q . K t to i ts B third
. . .
FIRST DEFENCE OF T HE WHITE .
W Q B P n t p
. . . . o e s e .
4 .
9 . Q P n
. . o e s te p .
7 . Q Kt P
. . . t wo s q u ares .
5
i . Q . K t takes the
. sai d P .
P
E RC O L E DA L mo ox cm .
IV . P . t akes t he K t .
K B to
. . a dv . Q .
ga i ni ng a Pier!
a nd t he ga m e .
COND DEFENC E or T u s wn
‘
SE rrs .
W Q . . to K . sec o nd .
B . T he sa m e .
W . Q . B t o K t hi rd
. . .
5 .
B .
Q . K t to . a dv . Q . fou rth .
IV . Q . t o he r sec o nd s q u a re .
6 .
B . K R .
. P . one s tep .
IV . Q . B . P . one ste :
p
7
B . K K t to i ts B t hi r d
. . . .
V . P . t akes t he K t .
B . P . takes the P .
IV . Q . B t o K B fo u rt h
. . . .
9 .
B . K B . . to a dvers e Q . Kt . att a cki

t he Q u ee n .
E R C OL E DA L R IO ON C HE SS .
CHA PTER II .
The Whi t e a ns werin

g t he s econd m ore of t he B la ck, by i
pg
in
g K . K t t o i ts B
. . t hi rd
.
I .
W . T he sa m e .
2 .
B . K B to
. . Q . B fo u rt h
. .
IV K K t t o i ts B t hird
. . . . .
3 .
B . T he sa m e ; as a m o re co vered m o ve .
W l f he. l
p y
a K t t o i ts B t Q
hi rd, B.l ack leaps . .
h is K K t t o a dv K K t fo u rt h, m aki n
. .
g . .
.
t he m o ves i ndica ted i nt he Thi d Op ning

r e
at Ch p a . III .
Bes ides t his , Wh ite ca n a ns wer i n t hree

o t her m a nners viz ,
.
1. Q P
on e s te
.
p .
.
2. Q
to K sec o n
. d . .
3 K t K t ta kes K P
. . .
. .
— Th erefo re,
su s c n u na o u s c a st e s . 229
4
K K t to
.
. a dv . K K t fo u rt h
. . .
Q P . . a no t her s tep .
5 .
K . P . ta kes t he P
i f he re take t h P e . w i t h the K t .
, B l ac k, by
l
p y g
a i n t o K B t hQ
i rd,
. . .
g a i ns a a t P .
lea s t ; t herefo re , he m o ves K R . . P . o ne

s te
p nt he Kt
o .
6 .
Ret i res t he a t ta cked K t to its B t hi rd

. .
.
I
f he play B to Q . . a dv . K . Kt . fo u rt h,
B lac k pla y s K R ne s tep a t tacki ng . . P . o ,
t he s a id B a n d t hen t he K t .t wo
, . P .
s q u a res ; a nd will re m a i n s u peri o r a t

leas t a Pa w n .
Therefo re he a dva n ces K on e s tep o n . P .
t he Kt .
7 .
. ea ps t he a tta cked Kt to . a dv . K fo u rt h
. .
i t takes t he do u b led
. P .
E R C OL E DA L B IO O N C H ES S .
S .
B . K K t takes K B
. . . . P . secu re o f rec o veri n
g
t he Pi ece, w i th p ro fit .
IV . Q . to K . s eco nd .
4 .
B . Nevert heless pla y s K . Kt . to K Kt

. .
fo u rth .
IV . Q P . . t wo s
q u a res .
IV K t . . reta kes t he P
B . B ta kes the K t
. .
IV . Q . t a kes t he K t .
7 .
B . Q . to K . B . t hird ; s ec u re o f
g a i ni ng at
l ea s t a Pa wn .
II K t ta kes K P
"
. . . .
T he erro r o f t he Whi te int his De fence din

li es i ndefen g ,
his K P . . at t he t hird m o ve ; i t wo u ld be b etter for him to
ta ke K P wit h t he K t
. . . as i nparagraph III .
E RC O L E DA L R IO ON C H” .
a lso to c heck w it h Q . at
fo u rt h .
W . Q . B . P . o ne s tep .
8
B . T he sa m e ; t he nce t o pu s h Q P . . t wo sq .
W . Q . to a dve rs e K R fo u rt h
. . .
9 .
B . Q P
. . t wo s q u a res ; b o t h pa rt ies ha vi n
g a
s t ro ng a nd sec u re ga m e .
M IS C E L L A N E O U S GA M ES .
CHA PTER III .
n
a s weri ng t he s eco nd m o ve qf t he B la ck, by
a ls o l
p y g
a i n K . B . to Q B f ou rt h
. . .
1 .
B . K . P . t wo s
q u a res .
W . T he sa m e .
2 .
B . K B to
. . Q . B fo u rt h
. .
W . The sa m e .
3 .
Q . B . P . o ne s te
p .
If he do t he Blac k pus hes

sa m e , t wo Q P . .
s q u a res ; m a ki ng a b ette r o pe ni ng t ha n
his A dversa ry .
“
4
And, therefo re, he pla y s out K Kt . . to i ts

B t hi rd. .
Since White, his b es t m o ve, takin

as g Q P wi t h K P . . .
Blac k takes K B P wi th K B , c hec kin t hen i f White

. . .
g ; . .
do n
ot t ake t he B .
, Bla ck t a kes K K t wit h t he B . . . a n
d if
he do take t he B wi th the K . .
, Black c hecks wit h Q . a t adv.
ng t he B wi th a better sit uatio n

'
K R fourth,
. . recoveri .
, .
RE C OIJ
E D A L i l l -O ON GH ES S .
4 .
B . S t il l pu s hes Q P t wo s q u a res . . .
FIRS T DE E N E F C OF T HE W HITE .
IV Ret ires K B to
. . . Q . K t t hird
. .
5 .
B . Q P . . ta kes K P
. .
IV K . . K t ta kes
. K P . .
6
B . K B t a kes K B P
. . . . .
—
c hec ki ng .
H erc W hit e ca na ns wer i n t hree ways
Int he fi rs t p l a c e,
K ta kes t he B
. .
B Q advers e Q fo u rth ng
M
. . to .
— c hec ki .
oves his K where he plea s es . .
8 .
B . Q . ta kes K K t .
'
ha vi ng a am e
g wo nby 1
na t u re .
Int he s eco nd p l a ce ,
II K t o his B
'
. . . s q u a re .
7 .
B . Q . to K B third . . .
E RC OLE DA L R IO ON C HE SS .
7 .
Q . t o a dv . Q . fo u rt h .
If he t a ke P
K B . . . w it h t he Kt B lack, bv
c hec king w i h Q t . B . a t a dv . K K t fou rth,
. .
ga i ns t he A dversa rv s ’
Q u ee n .
And i f he ta ke t he s a id P . w it h K . B
.
c hec ki ng ,
8 .
B . K t o his
. s ec o nd s q u a re .
W . B t a kes t he K K t
. . .
9 .
B . K R ta kes K B
. . . .
IV K R t o i ts B
. . . . s
q u a re .
10 .
B .
Th e s am e ; a nd w i ll ha ve a ga m e w o nb its
y
na t u re .
SE C O ND F
D E E NC E OF T HE W H ITE .
IV P ta kes t he
.
. P . as his b es t m o ve .
5 .
B . Do es no t ret a ke i t , b u t a dva nces K . P . o ne

s te
p .
Il e re W hi te ca na ns wer i nt hree m anners .

m sc s u m no v s GA M ES . 237
In t he fi rs t p l a c e,
W . P us hes QP . . t wo s q u a res .
6 .
B . P . t akes the Kt .
W . P . t akes the B .
7 .
B . Q . to a dverse K R fo u rt h,
. . a ttacki ng the
B ta ki ng, i nt he s eq u e l , t he K t . P . w it h
his , a nd i ncom m odi ng his A dversary very
m u ch .
Inthe s eco nd p la ce ,
W . Q . to K . sec o nd .
6 .
T he sa m e ; o b l ig i ng t he a dvers e Kt .
, as his
b es t m o ve, t o ret u r nt o his s q u a re .
Black ca nl ikewise ta ke t he do u b led P . w it h

Q . B . P . havi ng i ne ve ry cas e t he b etter
ga m e .
In t he t hi rd p l a c e ,
W . K K t to adverse K fo u rt h
. . . .
6 .
B ta kes K B P
. . . .
—
c hecki ng .
ta kes t he B . as his b es t .
7
B . Q . c hecks a t k B th ird
. .
.
E RC O L E DA L m o o n c u k ss .
If he m ove t he K .
, Black t akes the Kt with .
Q a nd , coveri ng w ith t he K t .
,
8
B . P . ta kes t he Kt .
, t hrea tening a ft erwards it
c heck w i t h t he Q . at a dver
se Q . fo urth,
o r a dverse K R . fo u rt h ; b y w hich he
.
w i ll s t i ll ha ve a very good
ga m e t
White , to a vo id thi s disorder, ou ght, at his t hird m ove,

t o pl a y out his Q K t t o i t s B t hird, t o
. . . n t he Black res t ra i
fro m n ow s hin Q P t wo s q ua res ; o r t he W hite m i ht

p u g . .
g
a l s o c o m e w it h his Q t o K K t to u rtI
. t . a m o ve w hic h ren
,
-
ders m o re s ec ure, a nd m o re s peedy t he equ al ity o f t he ga me

,
a c c o rdi ng t o t he Defenc e w hic h w il l b e m a de a t III o f the .
Ins t ru c ti o ns to t he Bla c k, w here the A dvers a r

y ha s t he firs t
m o ve .
E R C OL E DA L R IO ON C H ESS .
as i n t he Thi d Op ning Ch pt
r e , a er II,
.
lV . : o nly t ha t the seco nd a nd third

a re play ed i n a difl ere n
'
m o ves t o rder .
And Iwo u ld o b s erve, as t o t he fi rs t force

of t he W hi te , v iz . l a
p y gi n t o K K Q
t . . .
third u a re , a t his thi rd m o ve , t hat it

q s
veri fi es i ts e lf W h ite has the

s t i l l, w here
fi rs t m o ve ; as is no t iced i nt he sa i d hird T
Op e ni ng ; a nd as i s s he w ni nt he In s truc
t io n s t o t he B la ck i nt he pres en t .
Iwi l l o n ly a dd here t ha t if W hi t e a t his , ,
fo u rt h m o ve i n s tea d o f t he
, s ho u ld Q P . .
have pla y ed K K t to its R t hi rd,. . . or to

K seco n
. d, Black s hou ld s t ill pu s h Q P . .
t wo s q u ares .
MIS C E L L A N E O U S GA M ES .
INS TR UCTIONS TO T HE BLAC K ,
ON HIS P ROPER DE F ENC E ,
T HE A DVE RS A RY HA VIN G T HE MV O E .
l .
W K . P . t wo s q u ares .
B . The sa m e .
2 .
K B to
. . Q . B fo u rt h
. .
T he sa m e .
Here W hite ca nt ry fi ve m et hods ,

1 . Pl y i ng Q P
a . . o ne s tep .
2 . Q P tw q
. . o s ua res .
3 . Q B P n
. . .
p o e s te .
4 .
Q . to K B t hi rd
. . .
6 . Q . to a dverse K R fo u rt h
. . .
W . Q . P . n
o e s tep .
E RC O L E DA L R10
K R . . P . o ne s tep .
Q
Q
. Q .
Q
Q . t o her seco nd s q u are fi .
'
Q . to K B t hi rd
. . .
7 .
Q . o ne s tep .
Q . . P t wo . s q u a res .
Q
K
. Q B t o K B fo u rt h
. . . . .
K B to . . a dvers e Q . K t fo u rt h
. .
10 .
. C o vers t he Q . w it h Q . Kt .
B . Pt . a kes t he Kt .
If White ,
at t his s ix t h m ove, ha d
l
p y
a ed Q t o her ou t .
s qua re, Bla c k s ho u ld ha ve pla y ed Q t o K s ec o nd, indefen ce . .
of hi s ownB . s i ce n he co ul d not prevent t he ex c ha nge of B

.
wit ho u t lo s s , b y l ea vi n
g hi s K t . err p ri ce, whenat t a ched by
t he advers e Pa wn
.
E RC O L E DA L R IO ON C H E SS .
vi e w , t he s u b sequ ent c heck w i th Q . at
a dvers e Q . fo u rt h ; b u t he re t ires the K .
B to
. Q . K t t hi rd . .
A nd i f he pla y K K t t o it s B t hi rd, . . .
B . Q K t t o i ts B t hi rd
. . . .
If he b ri ng K B t o . . a dverse Q . K t fourth.
.
B lack play s Q t K B . o . . t hi rd a nd will

p t t serve t he
'
P w ni n d
nt age
a a va .
And, ra t her,
pl ayi ng K B o ne . . P . s tep o n
t he B
M
.
B . ust no t ret i re t he B t o . Q . B . fo u rt h, for

t he reas o ng ivena b o ve b u t i s t o play it
to Q . K t t hird . .
6 .
W . If he no w pla y K B t o a dv . . . Q . K t fo u rth . .
B la ck a n s t he m o ve a s
s w er a b o ve .
If, i ns t ea d , he pla y B to Q . . a dv . K . Kt .
fo u rt h, B la c k c o vers t he Q . as his b es t,
w i th K . K t t o B t hi rd
. . .
Fi nlly a , i f he l
p y
a K K t t o . . a dverse K Kt . .
fo u rt h,
B . K K t t o K R t hi rd
. . . . .
7 .
W . Q . to a dvers e K R fo u rt h
. . .
B . Q. to K B t hi rd ; w hic h, i n t he
. .
se
q u el , be
ca n pu t i n ex c ha ng e at K Kt . . third ;
M ISCE L L A N E OU S GA M ES . 245
co ns tant ly pres ervi ng t he adva ntage of a
P a wn .
3 .
7 Q . B . P . o ne s t ep .
Is no t to do the sa m e ; no r to pla y K K t . . to
i ts B t hi rd :
. no t t o s u b ect j hi m self to t he
a t ta c k of Ch p a ter IV . of t he p res e nt
Op ninge ; b u t is t o play Q . to K Kt. .
fo u rt h} ?
4 .
If he play Q P w q . . t o s u a res , B la ck, ta ki ng

K Kt .
. P w i h th Q. t e .
, re m a i ns s u perio r
at leas t by n P w n o e a .
Bes ides t his , W hi te ca n l

p y
a o t her t wo
m o ves .
1 . Q . to K B t hi rd
.
. .
2 . K Kt . . P . o ne s te
p ; t herefo re
Bla c k i s no t t o do t he W hite wo ul d p us h sa m e ; b eca u s e

t wo s qu a res ; a nd Bla c k for t he b est ta ki ng i t with K , , .
White wou ld t a ke K B P with K B c heckin h a vin

.
g .
g . . . ,
cw t he s uc ces si ve chec k with Q . a t a dv . K R fo urth

. .
rec overi ng the B .

,
wit h a b et ter si t ua tion; which was
soticed b y Bertin, Gam e 2 0, p g
a e 40 .
E RC OL E DA L R IO ON C HE SS .
Fi rs t ly , viz .
W . Q . to K B t hird . . .
B . Q . to K K t t hi rd, i ndefen
. ce . of K B . . P .
5 .
If he play K K t to i ts R t hi rd, to be . . .
ena b led to cas tle, Black l ea s his K Kt

p . .
to nd ; t henhe a ls o cas t les K to

K . seco ,
.
his R a n d R to B s q u a re : havi n
.
g a . .
g a m e no t i nferio r t o his A dversa ry .
And if i n s tea d he pla y t he sa id K t to K

‘
.
, , .
sec o n d t o pu s h afterwa rds , t wo Q P . .
s q u a res ,
B . Pl y Q P
a s . . o ne s te
p .
6 .
QP
Mn
. . t wo s q u a res .
u st
p lot
ay B t o Q . . a dv . K K t fo u rth ;
. .
b u t ret i re K B t o . . Q . Kt . t hi rd : a fter
w hich he ca n b ri ng ou t K Kt . . to K .
s ec o nd , to c as t l e , K . to his R . a nd R .
to B s q u a re : ha vi ng s t i ll a g ood
“
.
ga m e .
Iha ve sa id t ha t he ou ght no t to l
p y Q
a B t o a dv K . . .
K t fo urt h, t hou gh it m ay a ppea r a

.
goo d m o ve ; b eca use W hite
wo u ld t ake K B P w ith t he B c hec kin nd ga ining thus

M
.
g, . . . a
a P a wn whic h wa s n ot no ticed b t h A n n m o
y e o y ous
denese, inpa ra ra h t hird o f C ha t er V o nthe Defen

g p p ce , . .
ER C OL E DA L R IO ON C H E SS .
B . Q P . . t wo s qu a res .
5 .
If he pu s h K K t . . P . a not her s tep ,
Is no t to take the B .
, b u t ta kes K P with . .
t he Kt . : a nd do i ng o t herw ise i n onc et
h
t es e t wo m o ves , t he Black w o u ld have
a»
.
a ba d ga m e .
”
3 .
W . Q . to a dvers e K R fo u rth. . .
B . Q . to K . nd seco ,
W hit e ca nn
’
o w pla y ,
1 . Q . K t t o i ts B
. . t hi rd .
2 . K K t t o i ts B t hi rd
. . .
—
a nd t h erefore ,
In t he fi rs t p l a ce ,
4 .
. . .
No te, t ha t i f Whit e, at hi s fo u rt h m o ve, ins t ea d o f K Kt . .
P ha d pu s hed Q K t P t wo
. . . . s
q u a re s, Bla c k m u s t no t take
i t wit h t he B .
, b eca u se Whit e wo u l d t a ke K . B P . . with the
B a nd Bla ck ta king t he B w it h t he K . W hite wo u ld brin
g
his Q t o her K t t hird rec o verin
.
g t he Pi ece.w i t h t he ad , ,
va nta ge o f c a s tl in : o r he c o u ld a t his fifth m o ve play Q

g , ,
t o t he s a id Kt . t hird : b u t Bla ck m us t have re tired the at
ta cked B to the K t third. . .

M IS C E L L A N E O US GA M ES .
B . K K t to i ts B thi rd
. . . .
5 .
W . Q t d . oa vers e K K t fo u rt h
. . .
B . QB P . . . o ne s tep .
6 .
W Q . es K Kt . . P . 0
B . K R to its K t
. . . s q u a re , o nt he Q .
7 .
W . Q . to a dverse K R t hird . . .
B . If he w i ll no t ta ke K B P . . .
, ha vi ng i nv i ew
t he s u ccess i ve c heck w i th t he K t . a t ad
verse K K t fo u rt h, i f W hite s ho u ld take

. .
t he B w it h t he K
. .
; he pu s hes Q P . . t wo
s
q u a res o nt he B .
8 .
W If he . take t he P . w it h t he P .
, orif he ret i re
t he B .
, he l os es t he Q .
,
— b eca u se
. .
. .
— e hecki ng .
9 .
W . If he take the B w it h the K . Bla ck c hec ks
w i t h t he K t ; b y whic h W hi te loses t he
.
Q ; and, ret iri n

.
g a ny w here ,
B . K R to i ts K t t hi rd,
. . . a ls o ga i ni ng t he Q 1 .
’
The erro r o f t he White is i nt his m o ve : i nlieu of whi ch,

he o u ght to a dva nc e Q . P . o ne s tep, o r pla y o u t K K t t o i ts
. .
B t hird
. .
l An
d thus White is obliged,
b
at t he sixth m ove, to lose t he
'
E RC OL E DA L R IO O N C H ESS .
4 .
K K t to its B t hird
. . . .
T he sa m e .
H ere W hite ca n play Q . to a dverse K Kt

. .
fo u rt h ; o r ta ke t he K . P . w i t h t he Q
Fi rs tly , viz .
5 .
W . Q . to a dvers e K K t fo u rth
. . .
B . Q . P . o ne s t ep .
6 .
Q . ta kes K . Kt . P .
K R t o i ts K t
. . . s
q u are .
7 .
Q . to a dvers e K R t hird . . .
K B ta kes K B P
. . . . .
—
c hecki ng .
8 .
If he ta ke t he B w i th t he K . .
, he loses the
Q . b y t he c heck o f t he Kt . a t a dv . K Kt .
.
fo u rt h .
A nd if he m o ve t he K .
B . K R t o i ts K t t hi rd, a ls o ga i ni n
. .
g t he Q . .
B ,.i no rde r t o pres erve t he Q , b yp u s hi ng Q P . . . o ne square ;

t o o pena retrea t , where s he m a y s helter herself .
Retires t he a t tacked Kt . t o t he B third; .
t hen b ri ngs o u t t he Q . B . a nd Q . Kt .
to o pe n t he QR o n t he a dverse Kt
. . .
;
a fter ta ki ng i t b eco m i n e
g q u a l i n
w ith a
g o o d ga m e .
x rs c s
’
GA M B IT . 253
F IFT H OP E NI G N
M
ON T HE
K IN G B IT ,
’
S GA
W IT H
A FINA L INS R T UCTION TO T HE BLA CK

ON HIS PROPER DEFEN C E
T HE A DVERS A R Y H A VIN G T H E MV O E.
A l l t he A u t ho rs , ex c ept Da m ia no , have rea
so ned o n t he K i ng s Ga m b i t ; b u t no o ne has
’
b est o wed a t ho u ght of trac i n g t he i dea o f i ts I n

ve nte r . T he q u a l i ty ho wever o f t his
, p
, e n i n g O ,
dem o n s tra tes t ha t t he I

, nvento r w hoever he ,
m ig ht b e co n
, s idered pri n c i pa lly
, t ha t t he re ,
m o va l o f t he a dvers e K i n g s a w n ’
f ro m P t he ,
fou rt h s q u a re , ca u sed a good o rder o f t he ga m e ;

b eca u se t here he is of g rea tes t i m po rta n ce ; a nd,
es peci a l ly , pre ve nts t he K ing
’
s a nd Q ns
u ee
’
Pa w n s b ei ng po s ted eq u a l ly a t t h e fo u rt h u res
s
q a .
T o a ttack the sa id a dverse K in g s a w n ,

’
h e fo uPnd
E RC OL E D A L R IO ON C H E SS .
t he K ing
’
s B is ho p s ’
P wn m
nvenien
a t os t co
s in ce t his o ften serves o n ly t o preven t o r retard

t he a tta cks whic h m ight b e m ade w i t h t he K in
'
g s
Ro ok pla ced i nt he Bis ho p s s q u are ; a n

’
, d there
j
fo re he u dged i t good play at the s econ d m ore , .
t o pu s h t he sa id Bis hop s a wn t o its exten

’
t P .
p u tt i ng i t en p ri s e o f t h e a d v e rse K i n g s P a w n ;
’
w i th t he co n fi den ce e i ther o f recoveri n, g i t or ,
o f b eco m i n m ns a ted i n a n o t h h
g c o p e er s ap e .
w i t h a s u perio r s i t u a ti o n A s t hen t he A dver .

, ,
sa ry a lt er ha vi n
, g ta k e n t h e s a i d B is h o
p s a w n ’
P ,
t hrea ten s a pern i c i o u s c hec k w it h t he u eenat Q ,
t he fi rs t Pl y a er s
’
King
’
s Ro ok s fo u rt h ; t hus he
’
w ho pla y s t he Ga m b it o u g ht , fo r h is bes t , at
t he t hi rd m o ve, t o l
p y
a out t he K i ng
’
s Knig ht to
t he Bis ho p thi rd ; w hen n
’
s ce s u cc eeds a m os t a i
m at ed nflict fu ll o f da ngers a nd vi c is s it udes
co , .
w hich a t e very m o ve c ha n
, g e t he as pe c t o,f the
b a tt le a n
, d pro m o te a t ho u sa nd a rt fu l s t ra tagems
o n t he o n e part to preserve t he , a w n i nad P
va n ta ge ; a nd o nt he o t her to reco ver i t w ith a
, ,
b etter pos it io n .
Al tho u g h P hil ido r declares , the K i n G

’
g s a m
b it t o b e a n i n di tIeren t ga m e, w hic h, b y its
'
na t u re, produ ces neither pro fit , no r i nu ry ; yet j

S ta m m a a nd Sal vio ,
w i t h t he b es t A ca dem i
L
Q:
CHA PTER I
.
The Whi te a nsweri ng t he t hi rd m ove qf t he B la ck,

l
p y g
a i n K . B . to K .
1 .
B . K P . t wo s q u a res .
W . Tb e sa m e .
2 .
B . K B . . P . t wo s q u a res .
W . K . P . ta kes t he P .
3 .
. . . .
K B to K
. . . s ec o nd .
4 .
K B to
. . Q . B fo u rth
. .
K B . . to a dvers e K R fo u rth . .
—
c hecki n
g .
5
B . C o vers w it h K . Kt . P . o ne s tep .
W Do u b led
. P . ta kes K . Kt . P .
B . C as tles , K . to his R . a nd R . to B s q uare. .

K IN G S
’
u nm a rr .
FIRS T DEFENC E OF THE W HITE .
Do u bled P . ta kes K . R . P .
7 .
K B takes K B
. . . . P . c hec ki n
g .
lf he m ove K to his . seco nd sq u a re B lack ,
ga i s n t he B . ta ki ng i t w i th K K t . .
If he ta ke t he B wi t h t he K . .
, B lack takes
the B w ith the K t
.
— disco veri ng check
wi th t he R ; . a nd w it h a very
go o d at
ta ck .
And if he m ove K to his B . . s q u a re .
8 .
B . Reti res K B t o . . Q . K t third, i n

. ten
di ng to
ga i n t he B . w it h t he K t .
— disco vering
c heck wit h t he R .
W . If he m o ve b ack K B t o K . . . sec o nd Black ,
lea ps K . Kt . to a dvers e K . Kt . fo u rt h,
t hence t o advers e K B . . se co nd ; ga i ning
at leas t a Rook .
If, i n
s tead he ret i re t he sa id B . to i ts t hi rd
s q uare, Black adva nces K . P . o ne s te
p,
g a i ni n
g t he B ; . or l
p ya s as a b o ve di
rected,
Th erefo r
e he m o ves K to his s q u a re . .
a
E RC OL E DA L R IO ON C H E SS .
9 .
K K t to. . advers e K fo urt h . .
If he play K K t to t he R thi rd, Black . . .
c hecks w it h Q a t a dv K R fo urth ; . . .
t henif White co ver w ith Kt . P . he los es

nd rem a i ns inferi or ins i t uation;
t he Kt . a
an d if he ret i re t he K t o his secon d

'
s u are he is m a ted i na few m o ves

q , .
And if i nst ea d o f K K t t o i ts R third

, . . . ,
W hite plays to K s econ d s q uare Q . . ,
10 .
l e a ps his K K t to . . a dverse K B
. . s eco n
d .
Q . ta kes K . P . checki ng .
11 .
B . C o vers w i th Q . at K B . . t hird, secu re s ti ll

of ga i ning t he R . w it h a ga m e wo nby its
nat u re .
C
S E OND DE EN E OF T H E F C W H ITE .
W . K K t to its R t hi rd
. . . .
7 .
B .
Q . P . t wo s q ua res .
W . If he le p his K K t to a dv K K t fou rth.

a . . . . .
t o w it hdra w him fro m t he a tt ack o f B, Q . .

E R C OL E DA L R l O ON C H E SS .
ho wsoever he m ay pla y, w ill remai nlul u
And, if i ns t ea d, he take t he K t w ith theKt .

.
B Re ta kes t he K t
. . w it h t he B . c heckin
g .
W . K to his B
. . s q uare, as his b est n
r ove .
B . K B to adverse Q to urth, dis coveri n

. .
g check .
.
W . K to his
. ow ns q uare .
B . Q . chec ks a t a dverse K R fo u rth

. . .
W . If he co ver w it h Q .
, he loses her b y the
check o f t he B .
, and if he co ver with
the P .
, Black reti ri ng Q . to K . B t hird
. .
w i ll m a ke a ni rres is t i b le a t tack .
TH IRD DE E N E F C OF T HE W HITE .
W . Q P
.
. t wo s q u a res ; whic h is t he b es t defen
ce
i nt his c ha
pte r .
7 .
B . K B t akes t he
. . P .
W . Q . B . to a dvers e K R t hird,
. as his bed
“
.
m o ve .
t
If b efore he pla y t his B , Whit e t hinks i t b ett er t o push

.
Q . B P on
. e s tep, t o rem ove t he adv B: fro m t ln
. eata i g .
K IN G S
’
GA M B IT . 26 1
Mn us t ot take Q . Kt . P . wit h K . B b ecau s e

White wou ld check w ith the dou b led P .
,
an d Black m o vi ng t he K to his K t . .
s q u are White mixes t he R w i t h t he P ;

, . .
t hen if Bla ck do n o t take t he R w i th .
t he K B b e is a lready ru i n
. . ed ; a nd if
he do ta ke i t Whit e m a t es him q u ickly
,
by ng w it h K B at adv K B
c hecki . . . . .
s eco nd an d decl a ri n t s a m e t i m e t he
, g a
s us en
p ded a R P . .
B u t as his b es t certa i n
, ly ta kes K B w ith
, . .
t he Kt .
V If he ta ke the K t w i th the Q , Black ta kes . .
the do u b led wi t h his R P , an P

d t hen . . .
l
p y
a s Q . to K B . . t hi rd ; which i n t he
s eq u el w ill lea ve him s u perio r a t leas t a
Bu t , i f i ns tea d, he ta ke t he R w it h B . .
Q . re ta kes t he B .
Q takes the Kt .
10.
Q . ta kes K B . . P . checki ng .
B ; Bla ck pro fits b y the t im e which

. White loses b y this
we, a nd ta kes K B P w it h t he K B c hec ki n and wi ll
. . . . .
g ;
he a na ttac k, w hic h will no t co nclude withou t pro fit .
B RC O LE DA L B ID O N C HE S S .
W . K to his. Q . s q ua re .
11 .
B . Q . c hecks a t a dverse B . s q ua re.
W K . . to Q . seco nd .
12 .
Q . ta kes K K t P
. . . c hecki
-
n
g; t henWhiteu
his b es t , co veri ng w it h the K t . at K

.
seco nd , B la ck w ill ta ke t he o ther P in .
t he sa i d K t file ; t he ga m e b ecom in
.
g
eq u a l i n force a nd i ns itu a t io n .
E RC O L E DA L R10 ON ONE S .
And, if he m o ve K R . . P . o ne s tep, this is

o nly a n a nt ici pa ted m o ve , nd will be
a
co m e t he sa m e ga m e, as is dem o n
s tra ted .
W herefo re at pres e nt he play s K B . . to K .
Kt . s eco nd .
5 .
B . K R
W K R . . . P . o ne s t ep .
6 .
B . T o keep t he W hite em b a rras s ed a nd sus

pe n ded he does, n o t no w t a ke K Kt P . . .
w i t h his R P b u t pla y s
. on
.e step
, Q P
. . .
W . T he sam e .
7 .
B . Q B P. . . o ne s t ep .
F IRS T DE F EN E C OF THE W IE HT .
W . If he no w pu s h K K t P o ne s te.
p B lack . .
,
re t i res his K K t to i ts o wns q uare ; alter

. .
w hic h he w il l no t wa n t t he m ea n s to re
c o ver t he P
w i t h a n e q u a l it y o f the
.
ga m e .
And, i f he play Q . B t o adv K

. . . K t fo u rth}
.
T he White int his

e rro r o f t he , a nd t he fo l lo wing defence .
is i nt his s event h m o ve inw hic h , , as his bes t , he o ught also

K IN G S
’
GA M B IT . ”5
8 .
Pl y Q
a s . to her K t . t hi rd .
‘
If he pus h Q . Kt . P . o n
e s tep , Black ta kes
K B . . P . w it h K . B . c hecki ng , a nd re
ng t he a w n w it h a b ette r ga m e
co veri P , .
If he defen d K B w it h t he ina n y . . P . Q .
s q u are ; B la ck t a kin g K t w i t h t he Q . . P .
Q ga i n s l i ke w is e t he Ro ok
. , .
An d if i n s tead he re t i n
, e B to K R , Q . . . .
fo u rt h .
9 .
B . K R . . P . ta kes K . Kt . P
W . P . ta kes t he P .
B . K R ta kes
. . Q . B .
W . R ta kes t he R
. .
11 .
B . K . B ta kes K B
. . . P . c hecki ng ; by whic h,
i n t he seq u el , he g a i ns t he R . a nd t he
gam e .
SE CON D F C
DE EN E O F T HE WHI E T .
W . Q . B t o K t hi rd
. . .
t o pla y Q B P . . . o ne s tep : b y whic h m o ve he wo ul d preserve

t he Pawnina dvantage .
RR C O L E DA L R IO ON C H E SS .
8 .
B K B t hes Q B
t
. .
.
W K . B iP . reta kes t he B .
9 .
B . Qt. o her K t thi rd . .
W . Q t . o her B . s q u a re, to g ua rd t he t wo at
ta cked P wn
a s .
10 .
B . Ex cha ng es t he P wn a s a nd Ro o ks o nthe
Kin s s ide ; w it h m u c h b etter game,
’
g a
t ha nhis A dversa ry .
OBS ERVA T ION

Ont he fif h m t o ve o f t he W hi t e .
If t he W hite a t his fi ft h m o ve i ns tea d o f ,
l
p y g
a i n K R P s ho u l d a d
.v a nc e K K.t P .
, . . .
on es tep ; t he fo llo w i n m o ves h ld t ke

g s o u a
pla ce .
6 .
B . K K t to
. . a dve rs e K . K t fo u rt h
. .
W . K Kt
. . t o t he R t hird. .
7 .
B . QP. . o ne s te
p .
W . K B P
. . . o ne s t e p, e nc lo s i ng t he K K t . .
E RC OL E C H 8 85 .
C H A PT ER III .
M i t e a t t he fourt h s t ove, pu s hi n
g K . Kt . P .
o n t he A dversa ry : K . Kt .
l .
B . K P
. . t wo s q u a res
W . T he sa m e .
2 .
B . K B P t wo
. . s q u a res
W . K P ta kes t he
. . P .
3 .
K K t t o its B t hi rd
. . . .
K Kt
4 .
K B to
. . Q . B fo u rt h
. .
K Kt P
. . a no t her s tep , o nt he K t .
Mn
5 .
B . us t ot ta ke K B
. . P . w it h K B . . c heck
ing , ha vi ng i nvi e w t he s u ccess i ve c heck.
w i th K . Kt . at a dvers e K . fo u rt h ; this
b ei ng a haza rdo u s a nd u npro fi ta b le m ove ,
a m o s
’
GA M B IT .
not withsta n din g w hat Lo l l i m ay have

sa id o nt his s u b ect j .
Nei t he r is he to play K Kt to a dvers e K . .
fou rt h, from t he m u lt it u de a n
d un
cer
ta i nty of t he rec i procal a tta cks ; b y which,

b es ides t he lost P wnh a e m ig ht haza rd
m ore 3
Bu t cas t les , K to R
. . a nd R . to B s q ua re n
. tt
P . takes t he K K t . .
6 .
B . Q . ta kes t he P .
W . Q . to K . seco nd , in defen
ce of K B
. . P
which is m en aced b y t hree pieces , Black
taki n
g t he o t her w i t h his 1 P . Q .
Mn
7 .
B . us t ot ta ke the ot her P . with t he Q .

, as
was s u ppos ed b y Sal vio , by which White
The idea ng enpris e t he K K t gives pla ce to

o f lea vi , , . .
s uc h anin ca lc ula b le n u m ber o f m oves tha t i t is al m os t a b ove ,
an y ca i t t d m n t t t h i n n i n t l w h t
pa c y o e o s ra e e ss ue c o v e e y : a
however is here pm posed for t he in

, st ru ct iono f t he Black
an d t o excite in g e n ui t o u g h t s u fi c ien t ly t o p e rs u a d e e v e ry
y ,
on e tha t be ca nlea ve t he sa id K t ea i a t lea s t wit ho ut

, p r s e . ,
loss an d ra ther with adva n

, ta ge i nform in g, a n a tta c k s kilf u l .
en ough to o vert hrow an l es s c a u tious a dversa ry

y .
I
'
If
'
W hi t e i ns t ea d o f l
p y g
a i n Q t o K s ec o n d , s h o
. u ld l
p ya.
her to K B t hird t he Ob serva ti on

. .
, s pla ced at t he en d of t he
p re s en t c ha
p ter w il l b e o f se r v i c e .
B HC O LB DA L R IO ON C HE S S .
wo u ld no t wa nt i nt ha t cas e, a very good

a nd easy defence dem o nstrated b y , Lolli,
at
p g
a e 229 ; b u t plays Q K t to its B . . .
t hi rd .
FIRST DEFENCE OF T HE W HITE .
W . Q . to her B . fo u rt h, a tta cki ng a dverse
K B . .
8 .
K B ta kes
. . K B P. . .
-
c hecki ng .
If he take t he B w it h t he K . .
, b e is ru i ed n
b y the Black t aki ng t he do u b led P . wi t h
his Q c hecki ng .
—
.
If he m ove his K to . Q . s q u are, Black takes

t he K t nd t hen t he o ther
. w it h K . B .
, a
P
w it h t he Q ha v i n
.
g s v er y fi n e a tt ac k .
, .
And if he pla y K t o his s eco n d s q u a re .

,
9 .
St i ll ta kes K K t w it h K B . . . .
K R ta kes t he B
. . .
10 .
B . Kt . c hecks a t a dverse Q . fo u rt h .
W . K . as his b es t to Q . s q u a re, t o g u a rd Q B . . P .
w hic h w i l l s ho rt l v b e m enaced b y o t her
Pi eces .
E RC O L E DA L B ID ON C HE SS .
Q . B ta kes. Q P . .
Q . ta kes the B . as the b es t m o ve .
K B ta kes K B
. . . .P . checki n
g .
K . as his b es t to Q . s q ua re .
12 .
K . P . anot her s tep o nt he , Q .
Q . to K seco n
. d sq u a re .
13 .
K . P . a no ther s tep , o nt he K t .
Kt . t o i ts t hi rd s q u a re ; b eca u se i f he go to
K B thi rd, Bla ck wo u ld gai n a iece

. . P ,
fi rs t ta ki ng t he o t her K t w i t h t he B . .
14 .
QP . ne st ep to a dverse
. o fo u rt h
, Q .
.
If he do n o t t a ke t he P Bla ck a dva n ces .

, it
ano t he r s t e o m ell i n h i m t t k it
p c p g ,o a e
disa dva ntageo u s ly .
If he ta ke i t eit her w it h t he P . or Kt .
15 .
B . Tk
a es w it h t he K t .
W . Tk a es t he K t .
16 .
B . Q . reta kes . c hec ki ng .
W . K to. Q . B . sec o nd s q u a re .
Els e s
’
Gs Mp rr . 27 3
1?
B .
Q . chec ks a a ers e
t dv K . fo urth, gain
ing t he
I an
t d t he
.
m e .
T H IRD DEFENCE OF T HE W ITE H .
W . K K t to R t hi rd
. . . .
8 .
Q P t wo s q ua res
.
. .
K B to K Kt seco
. . . .
n
d .
9 .
P
.
Q B .ta kes the d o u

. b l ed .
If he cas tle, q lla Cala bri a n, Black lea s

p
Q . Kt . to a dvers e Q . fo u rt h ; a tt acki ng
Q . B . P . w ith t wo Pi eces , a nd t he Q . at
same t ime .
Th erefo re, ins t ea d, he play s QP . . o ne s te p .
10 .
B . B ta kes t he K t
. .
W . B ta kes t he B
. .
11 .
B . Q . t o a dverse K . R fo u rt h ;
. a ttacki n
g t he
a dvers e B .
If he play Q .
B . to K
B lack b
y . t hi rd,
P
_
pu s hi n
g Q . an
.o t her s tep, gai ns a B .
I
f , in
stead, he l
p ay t o K B sq Q
u a re
.
, i n . .
defence of t he B Black takes K B P . . .
w it h K R . .
, a t tacki ng the a dvers e Q , anll .
t hrea tening a very per ni ci o u s check by

dis co very fro m t he Q .
,
And, t herefo re , he play s Q to K K t fourth . . . .
B . Q . ta kes K . B P . .
— c hec ki ng .
W K . . to Q . s q u a re .
B . Q . K t to . a dverse Q . fo u rt h .
W . Q . ret ire
s to K Kt . . seco nd .
B . K t t akes . Q . B . P :, b eco m i ng s u perior in

fo rce a nd i ns itu at io n .
FOURTH A ND L AST DEFENC E OF THE

W H ITE .
W . K . B t o t he R t hi rd
. . .
8 .
W Q B P . . o ne s tep .
9 .
B Q . B ta kes t he do u bled
. P .
W . If he ret i re t he B to t he K t
. . s eco nd, Blacli
l
p y
a s Q . B to . a dverse Q . t hi rd, a ttati
ing t he a dverse Q .
276 ca co na nu . a m o n c a s es .
i nt he pres en t hapter, s hou ld ph y her C

to t he B t hi rd, som e light wi ll b e given
.
t o t he Black i nthe follo wi ng m o ves .
7 .
Q P tw q. . o s u ares .
Q t k th Q P
. a es e . .
8 .
B . K B takes K B P
. . . . .
—c beclt i n
g .
W . K ta kes t he K B fo r his b es t
. . . .
9 .
B . Q . B . ta kes t he do u b led P . o nt he B file . ,
t hrea t e ning a c heck b y dis c o very .
. . . .
10 .
Q . B ta kes
. Q . B .P .
If he ta ke Q . Kt . P with hi
. s Q .
, m enaci n
g
t he nces K P a no ther
R , Black
. adva . .
s tep : t henW hite lay i ng K B t t he

p o . .
K t s eco n
. d B la ck m us t n ot no w ta ke
,
t he Kt . w it h t he P .
, b u t pla y Q . K t to
.
i ts B t hird . .
t w o s
’
os u m r . 27 7
C HA PTER IV .
Oa t hs C heck f t he A l m
y Qu eend Black s K i n
‘ ’
o at : g s
Rook sj oa rt h s qua re d t he s econ

d more
’
.
,
1 .
B . K P t a ro s q u ares
. . .
W . The sam e .
2 .
B: K B . . P . t wo s q ua res .
W . Q . checks at a dv . K R fo urt h
. . .
3 .
B . C overs , by play i n
g K Kt P . . . n
o e s tep .
RS
FI T DEFE N E OF T HE C
W 0 . . t o K second . .
4 .
B . K B . . P . takes K P . . .
W . Q . ta kes t he P .
5
B . K B to K Kt
. . . . seco nd .
H ere W hit e ca na ns wer i nt hree ways
W . K B to
. . Q . B . fo u rt h, a im i ng t o take K .
Kt .
6 .
B . K Kt to K
. . . s eco nd , t hrea tening to push
Q P . . t wo s q ua res .
W . Q . Kt . t o its B t hird . .
7 .
B . Q . B . P . o ne s t ep a fter w hi c h , pl a y in
g Q .
P . t wo s q u a res , w ill ha ve c o m posed a
b etter ga m e .
IV . Q P . . t wo s q u a res .
6 .
T he sa m e .
Reti res Q . to K t hird. .
7 .
K . P . a no t her s tep , as his b es t .
If he play B Q
t wo s teps , t o dis u nite the
. . P .
a dv a wn .
P
s , B la ck b ri n gs o u t K t to Q . .
-
i ts B ; t hi rd, s ecu re t ha t W hi te , i n a few

m o ves , w i ll lo s e ei t he r a P aw n , or t he
co nvenience o f cas t li ng .
na c o w mu . k m 03 ca ns .
W . l f he take Q K t P wit h the Q

. . . .
, N
la i
p y g n Q B . . to i t s t hi rd, G ar-s ub
fAh d i f, i nstead, he carry hi s Q Jb KJhin

l.
g ame, a in
nd i onan
ferio r als o , b y t he u n d
mdvh n
cEd pos i t ion o f t he Aq
' ’
s -
SE COND DEF EN CE OF H l E W
'
'
H ITE .
W . Q . to K . B t hird
. .
4 .
B . P ro vided he do not fi is h to ‘
reduc e t he
'
ga me
t o t he fo rce of t he p recedi ng defe nce, by

t a ki ng K . P , he pu s hes K B
. . . P . a n
other
s tep .
W . If he pu s h K K t P o n e s te , B la ck is n
p . ot . .
t o ta ke i t , neit her i s he t o
p u s h t he a .
P . t o t he K t . fou rt h, t o ex
po s e hims elf
t o t he check of t he adv . Q . a t adv . K . 11
.
fo u rt h ; b u t b ring ou t h is Q to K B . . .
t hird .
And if he pla y K B to Q B fo u rt h, . . .
-
.
5 .
B . K K t t o i ts B t hi rd
. . . .
l i n ‘
e s Gu t s " .
W . If he m ove Q . P . o ne s tep, Black pu s hi ng

Q P . . t wo s q u ares , ga ins the Q
o r t he .
B a nd la i
p y g n , i ns tead, Q . Kt . to its
B thi rd,
.
6 .
Q . B . P . o ne s tep .
if he ho w
‘
pu dh
'
Q . P . o ne step, Blac k
la i
p y g n Q P
. . t wo s q uares , l ikewise ga ins
t he Q . or t he B .
And do i ng a ny t hi n
g else , h e w il l s t i l l ha ve
an i nferio r o peni ng b y w hich he w i ll ,
j
rem a i ns ub ect t o a s s rvil e defen ce ; t his
b ei ng d er i v ed fro m his seco nd m o v e a t ,
w hich i n s tea d o f c hecki n

, g w i t h t h e Q .
he o u g ht t o ha ve profited b y t he a dvan
“
t age pres en ted b y t he K i n g

's G a m bi t ,
ta ki ng t he A dv ers a ry s K B w it h h i s
’
. . P .
K . P .
E R C OL E D A L R IO O N C H E-IS .
INSTR UCTIONS TO TH E B LA CK ,
ON HIS PROPER DEF EN C E ,
O E .
CHA PTER I .
1 7 “Whi l e p lay i n
g at hi s t hi rd m ore K . R P
. t wo g u m .
l .
B T he sam e .
2 .
p P . t wo s q u a res .
U
" . ta kes t he P b e ing his b es t m o ve .
3 .
a w t wo
. s q u a res .
e
p . to K . seco nd .
4 .
W K . . K t t o i ts B t hi rd
. . .
E RC O LE DA L m o ON GI B BS .
W hite s hou ld take K B wi th Q

lo w i ng, . . .
B Black m u s t n
.
, ot take i t di rect ly but ,
fi rs t ta ke t he K t wit h t he B . .
4 .
Q to K K t fo u rth
. . . .
. . . .
Here White ca nt ake wi th t he Q . e ither the
K Kt P. . .
, or t he dou b led P .
, a nd there
fo re,
Int he fi rs t p la c e,
5 .
Q . takes t he K . Kt . P .
K R to i ts K t
. . . s
q u a re .
6 .
Q . to adv . K R t hird
. . .
K B to
. . Q . t hird .
7 .
K R . . P . a not her s tep , t ha t t he Q . m ay n

ot
b e s hu t up b y t he R .
B . K R to
.
. a dve rs e K K t fo u rt h, t hrea ten
. in
.
g
to s hu t u
p t he Q . b y pla y i ng t he K B to . .
its sq ua re .
xm a s
’
ca n ” .
8 .
W . A s the o nly rem edy K ,

. P
not her s tep . a .
B . Tka es t he s a id P . wit h t he B ha vi n g c o n .
,
s ta nt ly a ga m e o f g rea t a dva nta ge .
5 .
Q . ta kes t he do u b led P .
C as t les K t o his R ,
. . a nd R . to K .
s q u a re .
6 .
If he play Q P. . o ne s t ep, Blac k pus hes

Q P. . t wo s q u ares
And pla y i ng , i ns tea d, K . P . a not her s tep,
o nthe a dverse K t , .
B . Ret ires t he Kt . to i ts ow n sq u are , a lter
wa rds t o nce K
adva . B . ne s tepP . o
a l wa ys ret ri evi ng t he P . i nadva nt a ge .

E RC O L E DA L R IO C H ESS .
C HA PTER II .
7 7m Whi t e p lay ing a t hi s t hi rd m ore K . K t t o i ts 8

. .
an d t henK . R P t wo q
. . u ru
l
W . K . P . t wo s q u ares .
B . T he s am e .
2 .
W . K B . . P . t wo s
q ua res .
3 .
K K t to i ts B thi rd, t o
. . . eva de t he c heck of
Q
t he . a t a dv . K R fo u rth
. . .
B . K . Kt P . . t wo s
q u a res .
4 .
K R . P .
. t wo s q u a res .
K . Kt P . . a no t her s tep fo r his b es t , .
5 .
K K t t o a dverse K fo u rth
. . . .
A l tho u g h he ca npla y K R . . P . t wo s q u a res ,
is o s ed b y S a lvio , Ch p X XI
M
as
pp su at a . .
o f B oo k IV .
; b y the A nony m o u s o de
E RC O LB DA L RIO Q5 C H ESS .
7 .
K Kt to its B
. . . s eco n
d .
K B P . . . taltes K . P .
8 .
Q . c ecks at adv
h . K R fo u rt h
. . .
5
7 . to Q .
sq ua re .
9 .
0 8 a dv . K B fo urt h,
. . o nt he t w o pa wn
s
K 5
3 . a no t her s q ua re , to a dv . K thi rd
. .
10 .
9 4 : ta kes K . P .
P t he P
2
a
7 p . . ret a kes .
11 .
! 3
? 7 t to its fo u rt h sq uare
. .
Kt R third
l
F . to its . .
12 .
<
: 7 t ta kes t he K t
. .
B . reta kes t he Kt .
13 .
. Kt t o its B third
. . .
. B P on
. e s tep .
14 .
. to Q . s q u a re , o nt he P
. P . t wo s q u a res .
15
. t o her t hi rd s q u a re .
. R . to K . sq . co ns ta nt ly pre
s ervi n
g thi
xu o s
’
as u nrr . 289
P i n a dva n
. ta ge ; a nd if White s ho uld
ra t her la
p y B t wQ
o s q u ar
. es , o r a.ny P .
o ther in t m o ve, Blac k ca na dva n

difieren
'
ce
his Q . to K fo u rth, m en
. aci ng a very
per
ni cious check a t adv K K t third . . . .
OBS ERVA TION

O N T HE FIFTH M OVE OP THE W H IT E .
If t he Whi te a t the fift h m o ve, ins tea d of leap

in g t he att acked K t to a dv K fo u rt h, s hou ld go . . .
t o a dv K K t fo u rt h ; Black m us t n
. . . o t di rectly
P nth Kt b t hi b t
m o ve t he K R . . . o e u , as s es
m i t p h Q P tw
o ve, s q t
o h n i f us . . o s u a res ; e ,
W hit d n K P n t h t p
e a va d f n d it
ce . . a o er s e , or e e
w ith Q P n t p Bl
. k l i
p y g n h.
i Ko R P e s e ,
ac a s . . .
o ne st ep , ga i ns t he K t . a nd i f i nstead he ta ke
, ,
Q P . w ith K P , Bla ck play s

. . .
K K t to i ts B
. .
.
.
t hi rd, havi ng c o n
s ta nt l y a very fi n
e at ta ck .
E R C O L E D A L R IO ON C HE S S .
”
( HA FT ER I
II
The Whi t e a t hi s t hi rd m o re play i n

g K . K t t o i t s B t hird,
. .
a nd thenK . B . to Q B . .
f ou rt h.
1 .
B . Th e s am e .
2 .
K B . . P . t wo s q u ares .
B . K P . . t akes t he P .
W K Kt . . . to i ts B t hi rd
. .
B . K K t P t wo s q u a res
.
. .
M
K B to Q B fo u rt h
.
. . . .
us t not a dvance K Kt . .P . a n
o ther s tep,
fro m t he m u l t it u de ncerta i nty of and u
ex po u n
M
t he rec iproca l a ttacks ded by ,
S a l vi o b y t he A n
, on y m o us o d e nes e ,
an d m o re di fi u sely b y Lo ll i i n hap
'
, C .
XX I a nd . II a n XX
d b y w hich he wo u ld .
,
haza rd t he lo ss of the a wn; b u t s hou ld P

la y K B t o t he K t seco n d t i ni n
p . . r es ra g .
,
ER C O L E DA L B ID O N C H E SS .
B . Q P
. . ta kes t he Kt .
10 .
W . Q . to a dv . K R fo u rth. . .
B . Q . to K B t hi rd . .
Q P t k th P
. . a es e .
Q t K K t nd
. o . . seco .
12 .
T he do u b ed
l P . o ne s tep, to a dv . K third
. .
K K t t o its B t hi rd
. . . .
13 .
P . takes t he P .
— c hecki ng .
K t o his B
. . s q u are .
14 .
Q . to K . B t hi rd, t hrea ten

. ing t o m a t e with
her a t her R t hird . .
B . Q . K t to i ts B t hird
. . .
15 .
Q . checks a t her R t hi rd . .
Kt . co vers a t K . seco nd .
16 .
Q . B to . Q . s ec o nd .
K K t ta kes K
. . . P .
17 .
W . Q . B to . Q . K t fou rt h . .
B . Q . t o K fo u rth, re m edyi ng.al l t he a tt acks
w it h t he co nsta nt adva ntage of a Piece .

xm o s
’
oau nrr 293
8 .
t he t wo pi ec es , B la ck la
p y s K to h is B . .
s q u a re, w i th i n t en t to pla v K K t t o t he . .
R . t hi rd ; p t he n t o us h Q P tw . . o
s q u a res , t o s hu t u p t he a dv
'
. Q w it h Q . .
B a t K B fo u rt h
. . . .
And t herefo re, i ns tea d, he ret u r s n K Kt . .
t o its B t hi rd, . o nt he K K t . . P .
B . K B to i ts R t hird, ha vi n
. .
g s . ng ga m e s tro ,
an d secu re o f s u s ta i n in g t he P ; a nd i f .
W hite s ho u ld ra t her play K K t on e . . P .
st ep t o pu t his
, Q
B i nact io n; Bla ck . .
p u s h i ng tQ P
w o
. s q ua res .w o u l d ga i n
an o t her aw n P .
E R C OL E DA L 3 1 0 OK C H E SS .
5 .
W . QP. . t wo s q u ares .
B . Q P
. . o ne s tep .
6
If he advance K P . . a nother step , Black s t
tacks Kt w ith his K K t P ; then
K . . . . .
checks wit h Q
at adv K R fo urth, gain
. . . .
ing a ft erwa rds t he s a i d K . P .
If, ins tead, he pus h K . Kt . Pr o ne s tep, at
o pena pas sa ge fo r Q . B .
, Black s ti ll at
tacks K Kt w i th K K t
. . . . P . o ne s tep,
a nd thena dva nces t he dou b led P . a o n

t her s tep, to a dv. K B t hird
. . .
La s t ly , i f W hite ra ther cas tles K to his R ,

. .
a nd R . to B . s q u are, Bla ck pla ys K Kt . .
t o t he R t hi rd, to
. cas tl e i ni m ita t i o nof
t heW hite ha vi ng co nsta ntly a go o d ga me.

w i th t he a dvantage of the Pa wn .
E RC O L E DA L R IO ON C H ES
S IXT H A ND L A ST OP E NING
M
0 27 T H E
’
QU EE N S GA B IT ,
W IT H
A FINA L INSTRUCTIO N TO T H E BLACK .
ON 1118 P ROPE R DEFENC E
O E .
A L rno u o u t he
'
Q u ee ns Ga m b it
’
, a nd t he other
m f o m t his s ide , m ay b e , fo r t he m o st art,

ga es r
p
o fa la ng u i s hna t u re b eca u se t hey do no t ten
i ng ,
d
i m m edia t ely t o t he a tta ck o f t he K i n g b u t are ,
as s kirm is hes fo r s o m e s m a l l b oo ty ; n evert he
les s i t b ei n
, g kno w n o n t h e o ne h a n d t h a t l
p ya ,
in g t he uee Qns a w n
’
a t t P
he fi rs t m o v e is th e ,
b es t a fter t ha t o f a; K i n
, g a nd o n t h e o t h
,
er ,
t he Q
u ee ns Ga m b i t ha vi n i ts a dheren
’
g t s I h ave ,
t ho u ght pro er i nt his l as t O en

p p i n g t o ex p l a i,
n
i t ; tha t t he wo rk m ay n o t b e defi c ie n t i nan y
q uee ns
’
o a u s rr .
297
po i nt , a nd t ha t t he l o ver s o f t he Ga m e m ay not
b e depri ved of a n y p a rt o f i t .
He who plays t he Q ns Ga m b i t is s u re of
u ee
’
,
re c overi ng, at leas t , P

t he a wn as w i ll be dem o n
,
s t rat ed ; t herefo re, he w ho defen ds i t o ug ht ,
no t t o s eek w it h u seles s effo rts , to preserve t he

s a id adva ntage , as Sa l vi o a nd C a rrera ha ve done;
but s ho u l d certa i nly reg u la t e him self o not her

v i ews , w hic h w ill b e ful ly ex pla i ned i n t he de
fe nce here ado pted am o ngs t a ll o t hers as t he
b es t .
Is ha l l cl o se t he present p e ni ng , a nd,Oa t t he
s a m e t i m e t he seco n P
d art , w it h a fi n al ha pte r, C
i nw hich it is s u ppo sed, t ha t t he A dversa ry ha v
ing t he m o ve, a fte r t he t wo Q n
uee s s
’
P wna s,
in
s t ea d o f play i ng t he G a m b i t , b ri ng s o u t t h e
Q u eens B is ho p to t he K i n Bi h f h n
’
g
’
s s o p
’
s o u rt , i
i m i t ati o no f t he Op ning f
e ro m t he K ing
’
s s ide,
w hic h w il l throw m o re l ight o nt he Ga m es , w hich

m ay b e a tte m pted fro m t he s ide of t he Q uee n .
E R C OL E DA L R IO ON C HES S .
C HA PTER I.
Whi ts at hi e aeco n
d m h ki n
g Q Bt P
. . t i th
hi s Q P . .
1 .
B . Q P . . t wo s q ua res .
W . T he s am e .
2 .
Q B P tw
. . . o s q u a res .
Q P tk Q
. . a es . B . P .
3 .
K . P . t w o s q u ares .
“
Q . Kt . P . t wo s q u ares , to s u s ta i n t he P .
a dva ntage 1 .
'
4 .
B .
Q . R . P . t wo s
q u a res .
Vide, N o tice a t t he nd o f t he present C ha p ter

e .
1 T'
hi s m o v e p rod u c es a v er y i nferio r o peni ng; dis co n c ert
in o n t h a t s ide h is o wn a m e t o pres erve a n a dva n ta ge

g , g , ,
w hic h he ca n no t su sta in; in s tea d o f which he o u ght rat her
t o pla y K P t wo s quares a s will be n

. . oted int he I
,
ns truc
t ion s t o t he Bla ck .
E RC OL E DA L B ID ON C H E SS .
C
S E OND DEFENC E OF T H E W HITE .
W . Q . B . P . takes Q . Kt . P .
7 .
K B
. . . a kes
t Q . Kt R.
— c hec ki ng .
C o vers w i t h w ha t he w il l .
8 .
B . Q . takes t he o t her P . b eco m i ng eq ual in

fo rce, w it h t he nta ge o f s it uation a dva ,
pri nc i ll
p y y
a b t he t wo Pa w ns i nt he cen tre
‘
.
TH IRD F C
DE E N E O F T H E W H ITE .
W . Q . B to. Q . R t hi rd
. .
7 .
B . Q . Kt . P . ta kes t he P .
W . Q . Kt . P . reta kes the P .
8
Q . R ta kes the B
. .
Q . Kt . ta kes t he R .
9 .
Q . c hecks a t her R fo u rth . .
Q . c o vers at her se co nd s q u a re .
10 .
B . Q . t a kes Q . Kt .
ou ns ns ’
oa u nrr . 301
If he take Q P . . w i th Q .
, Black checki ng
with Q . a t a dver
se Q . B t hi rd, ga i n
. s t he
Q . R . nd t he gam e
a .
And i f, ins tea d be

play , Q . R to . Q . s q u a re,
11 .
B . K B ta kes the
. . P . in Q . B . file, and will
ha ve a ga m e wo nb y i ts na t u re , since
If he ta ke Q P . . w it h Q .
, B la ck chec ks w i th
t he B . at a dverse K: Kt . nd fo u rt h ; a
Whi te is o b l iged to lose t he Q co veri ng .

,
wi th her t o a vo id t he m a te .
And i f, i ns tea d, he play t he R to B . . s q u a re ,
12 .
B . Sti ll plays t he B to . advers e Kt . fou rt h ;

theni f W hi te ta ke Q . B wit h t he
. Q . R.
c hecki ng Black play s K to , s econ d . Q .
s q u a re ha vi ng evi dentl as m u ch t he a d
, y
va n tage a n d wi n s the ga m e
,
.
U T
FO R H A ND LAS T DEFENCE OF T HE
W H IT E .
W . Q Kt . P . a no t her step .
7 .
B . Q . Kt . P t k th P
. a es e .
W . Q . R . P tw q
. o s ua res .
E RC O L E DA L B ID ON C H ES S .
8 .
Q . B to K B fo u rt h
. . . .
Q . Kt . to Q . s eco nd .
M
9 .
B . us t no t a dva nce a ny he may P wn t h t

a , a
no t s po il his po s it io n; b ut p lay ou t K .
K t to its B t hird, havi n

.
g a
. b et t er ga m e,
t ha nh is A dve rsary .
NO I E T C TO T H E B L AC K ,
On his t hi rd m ove .
A ltho u gh it has b een i nsinu at ed t o t he Black
t o p u s h, his t hi rd m o ve , t he K i n Pa w nt wo
‘
at
g s
s q u a res , as nfo rm a b le t o t he
a m o ve m o re co
ru l es a l rea dy es t a b l is hed t ha n t ha t o f u s hi ng
p ,
it on e s te p o nly ; w e o u ght n ot ho wev er t o c o n , ,
dem nt he pla y er who pra ct is es t his la s t m et hod

w i t h w hic h he n evert heless rec o vers t he l os t
P wni n
a a fe w m o ves ; a ndg i ves pla lso
a c e t o
c erta i n co m b i na t io ns , i n whic h he m a y pro fit

fro m t he e rro r o f a l ess ex pert A dvers a ry ; as is
p ro ved b y t he m o ves here added, as t he fi nis h d

t he pres e nt c ha pte r .
3 .
B . K . P . o ne s tep o nl v .
E R C OLB DA L N O ON C HE ” .
W . Q . B to its R thi rd,

. . o r to Q . s eco n
d.
5 .
B . Q . R . P . takes Q . Kt . P .
W . Q . B . retakes t he P .
6 .
B . Q . Kt . P . o ne s tep .
W . Q . to her fo u rt h s q u are .
7 .
B . Q . Kt . P . ta kes t he P .
W . B . reta kes t he P .
8 .
B . Q . checks a t her R fo u rt h .
; g a i ni ng t he B
.
which, fo r his b es t, he o u ght t o take

wit h t he Q . not wi t h t he B .
o c ea ns GA
’
M B IT .
CHAPTER II .
Whi te l
p y g
a i n t he C ount er Gam bi t , he a ls o
Q B P . . . t soo s
quares a t t he nd
s eco s t ore .
1 .
B . Q P . . t wo s qu a res .
W . The sa m e .
2
B . Q . B . P . t wo s q u a res .
W . T he sa m e .
Mn
3 .
B . us t ot l
p y
a o u t K t t o iQts B t hi rd
.
, as . .
Sa lvi o an d o thers ta ught , b ut res olve the

e ngagem ent o f the P wn t king Q
a s, a . B . P .
wit h Q P . .
FIRS T DEFEN E OF T HE C W HIT E .
W . A lso ta kes Q . B . P . with Q P . .
4 .
B . Q . checks at her R fou rth .
H
306 E RC O LE nu . m o o nc u s s s .
If he co ver w it h t he K t . at Q . seco nd , Black,

a dva nc i ng t he P . to a dverse B t hird,
.
w i ll ha ve a very s u peri o r ga m e ;
And i f he c o ver di fferent ly ,
5 .
B . Q . ta kes the P
nd w i ll rem ai ncon
o t her . a
s ta nt ly wi t h t he a dva ntag e o f a a wn P .
C
S E ON D DEFEN E C OF T HE W HITE .
W . Q . c hecks a t her R fo u rt h . .
4 .
B . C o vers w it h t he Q .
W . Q . ta kes t he Q t ha t he m a y not lose a
P aw n .
5 .
B . Q . Kt . reta kes the Q .
W . P . ta kes t he P .
6 .
B . Kt . reta kes t he P .
H ere W hite nplay K

ca one s te
p . P .
, or Q
K t to . Q . sec o nd and t herefo re , ,
Fi rs t ly , viz .
W . K . P . o ne s tep .
7 .
B . Kt . c hecks a t adverse Q . t hi rd .
W . Q . R . P . ta kes t he P .
9 .
B . B . reta kes t he P .
W . Q . R to . a dverse Q . R fo u rt h . .
10 .
B . Q . R . P . o ne s te p, t hu s sec u ri ng t he P .
T HIRD D EFE N E OF T H E W C H ITE .
W . Q P . . a nother s tep , to a dvers e Q . fo u rt h .
4 .
B . K K t t o i ts B t hird,
. . . redo u b l i ng t he a ttack
o n Q P .
.
. . .
5 .
Q . R . P . o ne s t ep .
If he check w i t h Q at her R fo u rt h, Black

.
c o vers P tw q n
w it hd Q . Kt . . o s u a re
s , a
W hi t t ki ng i t w it h Q K t B l k pl y
e a . ac a s
Q B t Q nd g i ning th K t
. . o . sec o , a e .
If Whit e s ho u l d ta ke t he P . with t he K t .
, Bla c k must
not reta ke White mki u g t he Kt
t he K t with t he B ; b ecau se
. .
, .
with t he R , wou ld b eco m e eq ual inPa wn

. s ; b u t he m us t lu p
t he K t t o a dverse K t t hird an
. d would ha ve a greater ad .
,
van t age .
onnnns GA ’
MB IT .
W herefo re , ins tea d, he wi l l play K . P . t wo

s q ua res .
6
Q . Kt . P . t wo s q u ares .
If he pu s h Q
R P t wo s q ua res , Bla ck,
. . . at
t acki ng t he K t w i t h t he P , g a i ns R . . . P
And, t herefo re, he pla y s Q . R . P . o ne s tep
on ly .
K . P . o ne s t ep .
If he ta ke t he P . w i t h t he P .
, Bla ck, a ft e r
t he ex c ha ng e of t he Q n w i ll reta ke
u ee s ,
t he P . w it h Q . B .
, co ns ta nt ly pres ervi ng
t he fi rs t a dva nta ge .
And i f Whi te w i ll not take t he P .

,
8 .
B . C a npla y ou t K B . .
, cas t li ng afterwa rds , w it h
a b et ter ga m e t ha nhis Ad ve rsa ry .
E R C OL E D A L R IO O N C H ES S .
INS R T UCTIONS T O T HE BLA CK ON

T HE QU EE N S GA M
BIT ’
,
THE A DVE RS A RY HA VING T HE M OVE .
A S INGL E CHA PTER .
1 .
W . Q P . . t wo s q u a res .
2 .
3 .
W . Q . chec ks a t her R fo urth

. .
B . Q . B . P . co vers .
4 .
W . Q . takes t he dou b led P .

E R C O LE D A L R IO 0! C H E SS .
Fi nal ly , i f he c heck W ith Q . at he! R

fo u rth,
B . C o vers w i t h t he Q . as his best m o ve .
l t ha take t he P wit h t he o Black, taking .
the P w it h t he P , will ha ve a better

. .
g a m e, i nco n
seq u en
ce of t he A dversary s
’
is ola t ed P wn
a .
And if Q . take t he Q .
B . Q . Kt . reta kes t he Q .
6 .
P with th B h w ill h
If he ta ke t he . e e a ve
ni l t d P wn Bl k t ki ng t h Q P
a so a e a ac a e . .
w i h hi K P t s . .
And t ki n g h
, P w iat h Q P t e .
.
.
,
B . K t k
t re a . th P es e .
7 .
W If he play Q K t
. . . to Q .
s eco nd , Bla c k plays
K B to adverse
. . Q Kt . . fo u rt h .
And i f, instea d, he pu sh K B . . P . o n
t he Kt .
,
B . Kt . chec ks at adverse Q . third ; b ei ng e a n
ing of the ga m e ; a nd defending it wit h K B . .

,
whi c h ta kes the
P .
Q
at B fo ur t.h , B la
. c k l
p ya s o u t K K t t o i t s B t hir d ; . . .
fo rc in
g t he W h i te,
i n a few m o ves , t o lose a P a w n, o r the
co ve n ni en
ce of cas tli ng, t hrou gh the excha g e of n Queen
which will follow .
ou nu ’
a GA M B IE
'
. 813
b led co s ta n ntly to defend t he P . inad

va ntage .
3 .
W . K . P . t wo sq u ares , as the bes t mo ve .
B . T he sa m e .
4 .
If he take the do u b led P . wi th K B . Black

ta kes Q P . . wi t h the Q ; . a nd wi ll rem ai n
cons ta nt ly w it h t he advantage of a Pa wn ,
and a b etter s it u a t io n .
If he chec k w i th Q . at her R fo u rth, Black.
co vers wi t h Q . at her s eco nd s qu are , m

is hi n ted i nt he precedi n
g
If, i ns tea d, he ta ke K wi th . P . Q . P .
, B lack
ta kes t he Q . w it h the
Q ..
— checki n
g ; a nd
W hi te , reta ki ng t he Q . wi t h his K
Black m us t not attem pt uselms ly to
s us ta i n t he P inadvantage bu t b ri ng
.
,
ou t Q . K t to its B thit d ‘
. . .
Fi nlly a , i f he pus h Q . P . a no t her s tep ,
Then
Whi te pu sh K B P t wo sq uars s Blus h plays
'
, f ,
. . .
K B P on e s tep ; b ei n a ble s till t o m ain ta inhimsel f, at lea s t,

. . .
g
eq ua l inPa w n s an d in so m e a
,
d va n ta ge of s i tua tio n .
E R C O LE DA L R10 ON C H E SS .
B . K B . . P . t wo s qu a res .
5 .
W . Q . K t to i ts B thi rd
. . .
B . K . K t to i ts B t hi rd
. . .
6 .
P . n
o e s tep .
to Q . B fo u rt h
. .
7 .
takes t he do u bled P .
P . ta kes K . P .
8 .
W . P . reta kes t he P .
B . K K t ta kes t he
. . P .
9 .
K t takes t he K t
. .
Q . checks a t a dverse K R fo u rt h
. .
.
10 .
C
Mn
overs w i t h t he K t .
us t ot ta ke t he B w i th t he . Q
Whi te w o u ld g i ve a
per nici o us check
w it h Q . at a dverse K . R . fo u rt h ; b ut
ta kes t he K t : w it h t he B .
11 .
W . R ta hes the B
. .
B .
Q . takes K R . . P . w it h a s u peri o r ga m e .
E RC OLE DA L R IO O N C HE SS .
And if, i n
s tea d, he pla y Q . K t to Q . . seco n
d,
B . Does the sam e .
5
W Q P
M
. . B t wo s q u a re
. . .
B . ust not t a ke i t , beca u se Whi te w o u ld ad
va nce K ano ther s te

p
. P .
, w it h s o m e ad
va ntage of s itua ti ons; b u t m us t; a lso push

Q . B . P . t wo sq ua res .
6 .
W If he ta ke Q . B . P . w it h Q . P .
, B lack re
ta kes i t w it h t he K t .
, a d W hi t e
n ta ki n
g
t he o t her P . w i th t he P .
, B la ck w ill re
ta ke t he P . w i t h the Q t he Ga m e be
ro m ing eq u a l .
And if, i ns t ea d, he ta ke Q P w i t h . . Q . B P
. .
,
B . A ls o ta kes Q . P . w it h his Q . B . P
7 .
W If he reta ke i t wit h K P . .
, Bla ck do i ng t he
s a m e, has a perfec tl
y eq ua l ga m e .
And if, i ns t ea d, he ta ke K . P . w i th t he o t her
8 .
W K . . P . ta kes t he o t he r P .
B . Q . to her K t t hi rd, . o nt he t wo Pa w ns .
9 .
W . Q . K t to i ts t hi rd sq ua re
. .
oc e a ns
’
o u rm r.
'
B . K B. . checks at a dv .
Q Kt fourth, recoveri n
.
g.
the P . a t l eas t, w i th anOpena n

d s ecu re ga m e .
3 .
K . B . P . o ne s tep, int en di ng t o pl ace t he
t wo ce ntre P a wns a t t he fou rt h s q u ares .
B . K Kt to i ts B t hird
. . . .
4 .
. . .
K . P . o ne st ep , t hrea tening t o at ta ck t he s aid
Q . Kt w ith his K B. . .
5 .
Q . R . P . o ne s tep .
K K t to its R fo u rt h
. . . .
6 .
l f he ret ire t he whac ked B . to Q . seco n

d ,
Bla ck checks wi th Q . a t adv . K R fn

. u h,. n
ha vi ng a fine a ttack .
t o her s econ Q
d s q uare, i n de
M
If he play .
fence of t he B , B takes t he B an d . .
thenga ins Q B P , t s ki n
.
g i t w i
. t h t he .
B* .
N o t feari ng a ni ns tant t he b ri ngi ng Q; R . to i ts B s quare

.
nce
si Bla ck wou ld pla y K B t o Q third, attac kin g t he a dv . . . .
Q . b y which he wou ld secure t he a cq u i sitionof the Pa wn .

E RC OL E DA L R IO O N C H E SS .
If t he sa id a ttacked B . ta ke Q B P. . Black
reta kes i t w ith his Q ; an d Whi te, push .
ing K K t P
. t wo s q u
. a res ; Blac
. k leaps
the a t ta cked K t to adv K K t thi rd . . . . .
If he play t he sai d B to a dverse K fo ur

th, . .
Blac k a ttacks i t w i th K : B P then, if .
W hite pu s h K . Kt . P . t wo s q uares,
Black takes t he B t hreatening also

;
t he a b o ve -
m enti o ned per nici ou s check
wi t h t he Q .
Fi na l ly , i f he ret i re the B . to K Kt .
t hi rd .
B . Tka es t he s ai d B w ith the . Kt .
7 .
K R . . P . t akes t he K t .
Q . to K Kt . . fo u rt h .
8 .
T he do u b led P . to t he K t fo u rt h
. .
K B to
. . Q . t hi rd, t hrea tening t he m a te .
9 .
K R t mi h t hi rd sq u are
. . .
Reti res t he attacked B . to K Kt . . third ;

w i th a ga m e, certa i ly n
n ot i nferi o r to
, his
A dversa ry .

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GIOA C HIN O GRE C O

TRA N S LATED FRO M THE FRE N C H .

ﬂa mm us l u na r“ O dtit a l an!) E xplan

to l t h res ent w o rk nder t he pro t ect io n

o f a C hess Pla yer so e m inent ly s killed in t he

y o b ect ha s beent o facili ta t e t he know

ledge of t hi s celeb ra t ed ga m e, a nd to increa s e

t he nu m ber of it s a dm irers and go od pla yers

ha ve su cceede d inm y effo rt, I sha ll be am l

fo r s o m e y ea rs ra the r s c a rc e ; ha ve, t he re fo re, t ho u ght

W it h thi s vi e w Ih a ve e x a mine d a ll the ga m e s very

the ga m e he is e m in en t ly s kil fu l, b u t t he l ike p ra is e

can no t b e givento hi s s y s tem o f defenc e ; it m u s t, in

T his is , ho w e ver, no t t he o nly fa u l t i nhis w o rk ; inm a ny

fo re , fre q u e nt ly da nge ro u s t o a do pt his a t t a c k, b ec a u s e

t he a dve rs a ry b y p la y ing c o rrec t l

of t he ga m e t his is , ho w e ver, fa r fro m b e ing t he ca se

ina ll his ga m e s , inhis ga m b it s , pa rt ic u la rly , t he s ec o nd

Grec o ha s pai d b u t li t tle a t tent io nt o t he a rra nge

Ino rder t o pu b lis h t he w o rk a t a m o de ra t e pric e,

ﬁ om r. T wi s s s nterta ining w o rk ent itled C hes s

Gi o a c m no G R E C O , c o m m o nly c a lled the Ca la

C hes s , he im pro ved i D n

c e leb ra t ed la y er, b ein in f m d of his

Gio a c hino Grec o pla y ed a t C hes s s o s kilfu lly

T his p la y er did no t ﬁnd his m a t ch a ny w here He .

we n t t o a l l t he co u rt s inE u rO pe, a nd s igna lized hi m

t ha no t hers , no ne o f them w ere a b le t o p l a y w i th hi m ,

m o u s knight w it h w ho m he m ight ﬁght a n d b rea k a

T hi s is certa inly a n ex a ggera ted ac co u nt o f his

fe rie r t o a ra o a nd o ther Itali anpla y ers .

8 . K . cas t les s . K Kt . . ta kes Q . Kt .

11 . K B . . t a kes K B P . . . a nd 11 . K . to K B . . squ are

17 . K B . . to a dv . K . t hird sq . 17 . K B . . to its t hird squ a re

a kes P a n d checks K his square

chec km a tes a t adv K B

sec o nd squ are .

B lack ou ght to take the K t wi th t he . K B . . a n

t It wo uld be bett er to rem o ve the K B

Thi ve ded des t he a m e in our fa vour ; m n b d h

{ This m o ve shew s ho w m uch b ett er it was ou t he fourt eeu th nove to

nt K L t hhd sqa m s ud tb eu chs ckm t e wit h QJt his K R sew n

BEGINNING A T “l T H IRT M B H OV! 01 m s B ACK. L

B EGINNIN G A T T H E T w a m a I OVB O! T HE BLA C K .

Q . to Q . R . t hird squ a re 1 3 K ta kes K B

t This is s lso vcr

t u itionof tbs 9 1st » .

4 . K Kt. . to K B third sql a re

15 K Kt . . . t o adv . K fou rt h sq. . 15 .

T his is a very good move, as it nﬁnes

f If he pla y K B t o K second squ a re, . . . W hi te m a y ta ke t he K B wit h . .

3Int he fourt h variatio nhe moves Q . P . two squares.

W IN NIN G A T T H E ro a m m nI OVB 0 ! T8 ! T H IRD V A RIA TION .

Oss tt iott at the N ews .

l i m e-d of t his m ove, l

Black los es t he ga m e by thi s m ove, he h h ve ta kenthe

f Bla ck ha s t hree ot her wa y s of play in

If Blnck play the K . to K K t t hi rd squa re, W hit e w ill speedil w in

elm hcq hi tc will tn