GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

C.K.PITHAWALA COLLEGE OF EN
ENGINEERING
GINEERING AND
TECHNOLOGY, SURAT

ASSIGNMENT 1
Subject Name DYNAMICS OF MACHINERY
Subject Code 3151911
Concept Summarize dynamic forces and turning moments in mechanisms
Student Class 3rd Year (5th Semester) Mechanical Engineering
Academic Year

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

 ASSIGNMENT 1
No Assignment Question
1 Explain: D’Alembert’s Principle
2 A connecting rod is suspended from a point 25 mm above the small end center and 650 mm
above its C.G. It takes 35 seconds for 20 oscillations. Find dynamically equivalent system of two
masses when one mass is located at small end center. Mass of the connecting rod is 40 kg.
3 The connecting rod of an engine has length equal to 200 mm between centres and has mass equal
to 3.5 kg. Its CG is at 80 mm from the big end center and the radius of gyration about an axis
through CG is 100 mm. Determine: (i) The two mass dynamically equivalent system when one
mass is placed at the small end. (ii) The correction couple if two masses are placed at the two
ends and angular acceleration of connecting rod is 100 rad/s2 clockwise.
4 In IC engine mechanism, the crank radius is 400 mm and connecting rod is 950 mm long. The
diameter of piston is 100 mm and net gas pressure acting on piston is 15 MPa. Find(i)Thrust in
connecting rod (ii) Piston side thrust(iii) Torque acting on crank shaft(iv) Radial force or load on
main bearings when crank has made 45° from TDC.
5 The following data relate to a horizontal reciprocating engine :
Mass of the reciprocating parts = 120 kg, Crank length = 90 mm; Engine speed = 600 rpm,
Connecting rod data : Mass = 90 kg , Length between centres = 450 mm, Distance of centres of
mass from big end center = 180 mm, Radius of gyration about an axis through center of mass =
150 mm, Find the magnitude and direction of the inertia torque on the crankshaft, when the crank
has turned through 30° from the inner dead center.
6 1. Application of Turning Moment Diagrams
2. Coefficient of Fluctuation of Speed of Flywheel
7 A flywheel, which is rotating at a maximum speed of 250 r.p.m. and is having radius of gyration
as 0.5 m, is attached to a punching press. The press is driven by a constant torque electric motor
and punches 750 holes per hour. Each punching operation requires 14000 N-m of energy and
takes 1.8 seconds. If the speed of the flywheel is not to fall below 225 r.p.m. Find: (i) Power of
the motor and (ii) Mass of the flywheel
8 The turning moment diagram for a multi cylinder engine has been to drawn to a scale of 1 mm to
500 N-m torque and 1 mm to 6° of crank displacement. The intercepted areas between output
torque curve and mean resistance line taken in order from one end in sq. mm are, – 30, + 410, –
280, + 320, – 330, + 250, – 360, + 280, – 260 sq. mm when the engine is running at 800 RPM.
The engine has a stroke of 300mm and the fluctuation of speed is not to exceed ± 2% of the mean
speed. Determine a suitable diameter and cross section of the Flywheel rim for a limiting value of
the safe centrifugal stress of 7 MPa. The material density may be assumed as 7200 Kg/m 3. The
width of Rim is to be 5 times the thickness.
9 Turning moment diagram for an engine consists of a curve defined by equation: T = (19614 +
9316.7 sin (2θ) – 5590 cos (2θ)) N.m, θ: crank angle from IDC. If resisting torque is constant,
determine (a) Power developed by the engine (b) Moment of inertia of flywheel in kg.m 2, to limit
the fluctuation of speed to 1% of mean speed which is 180 rpm (c) Angular acceleration of
flywheel when the crank has turned through 45° from IDC.
10 A riveting machine is driven by an electric motor of 2.5 kW. The actual time to complete one
riveting operation is 1.2 s and it absorbs 10 kN.m of energy. The moving parts including the
flywheel are equivalent to 200 kg and 0.5 m radius of gyration. Determine the speed of the
flywheel immediately after riveting if it is 360 rpm before riveting. Also, find the number of
rivets closed per minute.
 GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
C.K.PITHAWALA COLLEGE OF EN
ENGINEERING
GINEERING AND
TECHNOLOGY, SURAT

ASSIGNMENT 2
Subject Name DYNAMICS OF MACHINERY
Subject Code 3151911
Concept Minimize unbalance in mechanical systems by means of static and
dynamic balancing
Student Class 3rd Year (5th Semester) Mechanical Engineering
Academic Year

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

 ASSIGNMENT 2
Sr Assignment Question
No
1 Four masses A, B, C, D are completely balanced. Masses C and D make angles of 90°
and 210° respectively with B in the same sense. The planes containing B and C are 300
mm apart. Masses A, B, C and D can be assumed to be concentrated at radii of 360, 480,
240 and 300 mm respectively. The masses B, C and D are 15 kg., 25 kg. & 20 kg
respectively. Determine :(i) the mass A and its angular position(ii) the position of
planes A and D.
2 A shaft with 3 meters span between two bearings carries two masses of 10 kg and 20 kg
acting at the extremities of the arms 0.45 m and 0.6 m long respectively. The planes in
which these masses rotate are 1.2 m and 2.4 m respectively from the left end bearing
supporting the shaft. The angle between the arms is 60°. The speed of rotation of the
shaft is 200 r.p.m. If the masses are balanced by two counter-masses rotating with the
shaft acting at radii of 0.3 m and placed at 0.3 m from each bearing centres, estimate the
magnitude of the two balance masses and their orientation with respect to the X-axis,i.e.
mass of 10 kg.
3 Need of balancing, Why is balancing of rotating parts necessary for high speed engines?
&Four examples of practical problems where balancing is done.
4 Explain clearly the terms static balancing and dynamic balancing. State the necessary
conditions to achieve them
5 Explain an analytical method of balancing of several masses rotating in different planes
6 How and why are reciprocating masses balanced in a piston-cylinder assembly? Why
reciprocating masses are partially balanced?
7 A four cylinder engine has the two outer cranks at 120° to each other and their
reciprocating masses are each 400 kg. The distance between the planes of rotation of
adjacent cranks are 0.4 m, 0.7 m and 0.5 m. Find the reciprocating mass and the relative
angular position for each of the inner cranks, if the engine is to be in complete primary
balance. Also find the maximum unbalanced secondary force, if the length of each crank
is 350 mm, the length of each connecting rod 1.7m and the engine speed is 500 r.p.m.
8 For uncoupled two cylinder locomotive engine, explain the following terms :
Hammer blow, Swaying couple & Variation in tractive force
9 The following data apply to an outside cylinder uncoupled locomotive :
Mass of rotating parts per cylinder =360 kg; Mass of reciprocating parts per cylinder
= 300 kg; Angle between cranks = 90°; Crank radius = 0.3 m; Cylinder centres = 1.75 m;
Radius of balance masses = 0.75 m; Wheel centres = 1.45 m. If whole of the rotating and
two-thirds of reciprocating parts are to be balanced in planes of the driving wheels, find :
1. Magnitude and angular positions of balance masses,
2. Speed in kilometres per hour at which the wheel will lift off the rails when the load on
each driving wheel is 30 kN and the diameter of tread of driving wheels is 1.8 m, and
3. Swaying couple at speed arrived at in (2) above.
10 Describe the function of a pivoted-cradle balancing machine with the help of a neat
sketch. Show that it is possible to make only four test runs to obtain the balance masses
in such a machine.
 GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
C.K.PITHAWALA COLLEGE OF EN
ENGINEERING
GINEERING AND
TECHNOLOGY, SURAT

ASSIGNMENT 3
Subject Name DYNAMICS OF MACHINERY
Subject Code 3151911
Concept Analyze gyroscopic effect in aeroplane, ships and automobiles
Student Class 3rd Year (5th Semester) Mechanical Engineering
Academic Year

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

 ASSIGNMENT 3
No Assignment Question
1 Explain gyroscopic couple and establish the relation : C = I ω ωp
2 Explain gyroscopic couple and discuss its effect on an aeroplane taking turns when
viewed from rear.
3 Explain gyroscopic effect in case of naval ships with a diagram. Show the terminologies
used to indicate sides, front and back of ship. Explain effect of steering, pitching and
rolling, assuming ship moves left and right direction sequentially.
4 The moment of inertia of an aero plane air screw is 20 kg.m2 and the speed of rotation is
1250 rpm clockwise when viewed from the front. The speed of the flight is 200 km/hr.
Calculate the gyroscopic reaction of the air screw on the aero plane when it makes a left
hand turn on a path of 150 m radius.
5 The mass of a turbine rotor of a ship is 8000 kg and has a radius of gyration of 0.75 m. It
rotates at 1800 rpm clockwise when viewed from the stern. Determine the gyroscopic
effects in the following cases:
1. If the ship travelling at 100 km/h steers to the left along a curve of 80 m radius.
2. If the ship is pitching and the bow is descending with maximum velocity. The pitching
is with simple harmonic motion with periodic time of 20 s and the total angular
movement between extreme positions is 10°.
3. If the ship is rolling with an angular velocity of 0.03 rad/s clockwise when looking
from stern.
In each case, determine the direction in which the ship tends to move.
6 How do the effects of gyroscopic couple and of centrifugal force make the rider of a two-
wheeler tilt on one side? Derive a relation for the angle of heel.
7 A rear engine automobile travelling along a track of 100 m mean radius has 4 wheels
each of 2 kg.m2 and 0.6 m radius. Rotating parts of engine have moment of inertia of 1
kg.m2. The engine axis is parallel to the rear axle and the crank shaft rotates in the same
sense as the road wheels. The gear ratio, engine to back axle, is 3:1. The vehicle weighs
14.17 kN and has its CG 0.5 m above the ground level. Determine speed of the vehicle
around the curve for all four wheels to maintain contact with the road surface if wheel
track is 1.5 m.
8 Each road wheel of motor cycle has a moment of inertia of 1.8 kg-m2 and a diameter of
60 cm. The rotating parts of the engine of the motor cycle have moment of inertia of 0.5
kg-m2.The speed of the engine is 5 times the speed of the wheels and in the same sense.
The mass of the motor cycle along with the rider is 260 kg and its C.G. is 60 cm above
the ground level when it is standing upright with the rider. Find the angle of heel of the
motor cycle if it is travelling at 65 kmph and taking a turn of 40 m radius.
9 Explain the effect of gyroscopic couple on four wheel drive
10 A turbine rotor weighing 9.8 kN rotates at 2000 rpm clockwise when viewed from stern.
The vessel pitches with an angular velocity of 0.5 rad/s. Calculate the gyroscopic couple
during the rise of the bow if rotor has radius of gyration as 0.254 m.
 GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
C.K.PITHAWALA COLLEGE OF EN
ENGINEERING
GINEERING AND
TECHNOLOGY, SURAT

ASSIGNMENT 4
Subject Name DYNAMICS OF MACHINERY
Subject Code 3151911
Concept Demonstrate longitudinal vibrations, transverse vibrations and
torsional vibrations in single degree of freedom systems
Student Class 3rd Year (5th Semester) Mechanical Engineering
Academic Year

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

 ASSIGNMENT 4
No Assignment Question
1 What is meant by lumped parameter modelling?Write down detail Classification of
vibrations.
2 What are different approaches to get equations of motion of a vibratory system? Explain
any one in brief.
3 Find the natural frequency of a system shown in figure, Take K=1000 N/m, M =10 kg, m
= 2 kg, R = 50 mm and r = 30 mm

4 Define the following terms: Natural frequency, Resonance, Damping factor, Logarithmic
decrement, Critical Damping Coefficient (CC) and Magnification factor.
5 Discuss the effect of damping on vibratory systems. What is meant by under damping,
criticaldamping and over damping?Also sketch displacement vs time graph showing over
damped, critically damped and under damped vibration system.
6 A machine having mass of 100 kg is supported on a spring which deflects 20 mm under
the dead load of machine. A dashpot is fitted to reduce the amplitude of free vibration to
10% of its initial value in two complete oscillations. Determine the stiffness of the
spring, critical damping coefficient, logarithmic decrement, damping factor and
frequency of damped-free vibration.
7 The electric motor is supported on a spring and a dashpot. The spring has the stiffness
5000 N/m and the dashpot offers resistance of 300 N at 2.5 m/sec. The unbalanced mass
1.5 kg rotates at 50 mm radius and the total mass of vibratory system is 50 kg. The motor
runs at 340 r.p.m. Determine (a) damping factor (b) amplitude of vibration and phase
angle (c) resonant speed and amplitude (d) resultant force exerted by spring and dashpot
on the motors.
8 What is Force Transmissibility? What is its importance in mechanical vibrations?
Explain with neat sketch Frequency response curve of force transmissibility.
9 Two rotors, A and B are attached to the ends of the shaft 600 mm long. The mass and
radius of gyration of rotor A is 40 kg and 400 mm respectively and that of rotor B are 50
kg and 500 mm respectively. The shaft is 80 mm diameter for first 250 mm, 120 mm for
next 150 mm and 100 mm for the remaining length from the rotor A. Assume the
modulus of rigidity of the shaft material 0.8×105 N/mm2 and find: (i) Position of node on
equivalent shaft of diameter 80 mm and on the actual shaft. (ii) Natural frequency of the
torsional vibrations.
10 In a geared system shown in Fig. the mass of moment of inertia of rotor A and B are 2
kg-m2 and 0.3 kg-m2 respectively. The gear ratio between rotor B and A is 3. Calculate
the node position and natural frequency of torsional oscillations. Ignore the inertia of the
gears and shafts. Take modulus of rigidity of shaft material as 80×10 9 N/ m2.
 GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
C.K.PITHAWALA COLLEGE OF EN
ENGINEERING
GINEERING AND
TECHNOLOGY, SURAT

ASSIGNMENT 5
Subject Name DYNAMICS OF MACHINERY
Subject Code 3151911
Concept Determine critical speed of the shaft
Student Class 3rd Year (5th Semester) Mechanical Engineering
Academic Year

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

 ASSIGNMENT 5
No Assignment Question
1 Define the following term:
1. Zero frequency 2. Node point, 3. Whirling speed.
2 Explain method to determine the critical speed of shaft carrying single rotor, neglecting
damping.
3 A vertical shaft of 5 mm diameter is 200 mm long and is supported in longbearings at its
ends. A disc of mass 50 kg is attached to the centre of the shaft. Neglecting anyincrease
in stiffness due to the attachment of the disc to the shaft, find the critical speed of rotation
and the maximum bending stress when the shaft is rotating at 75% of the critical speed.
The centre of the disc is 0.25 mm from the geometric axis of the shaft. E = 200 GN/m 2.
4 A rotor has a mass of 12 kg and is mounted on the middle of 24 mm diameter horizontal
shaft supported at two bearings. The length of the shaft is 1m. The shaft rotates at 2400
rpm. If the center of mass of the rotor is 0.11 mm eccentric to the geometric center of the
rotor. Find the amplitude of steady state vibration and dynamic force transmitted to
bearings. E=200 GN/m2.
5 A disc of mass 5kg is mounted midway between two short bearings, 500 mm apart. The
diameter of shaft is 10 mm. The C.G of the disc is 5 mm away from the geometric center.
The equivalent viscous damping at the center of disc may be taken as 40 N sec/m. If the
shaft rotates at 740 rpm, find the dynamic load on the shaft. Also determine the power
required to drive the shaft at this speed. Assume E=200 GPa.
6 What is secondary critical speed?
7 Explain the term half frequency whirl, Derive the expression for it.
8 What are the various methods to determine the critical speed of shaft carrying multiple
rotors? Explain any one in detail.
9 A simply supported beam is subjected to three point loads of masses 20 kg, 50 kg and 40
kglocated at 1 m, 2.5 m and 4 m from the left hand end respectively. The beam span is 5
m. Findthe lower natural frequency of the transverse vibrations by using Rayleigh’s
method. Take E =2.1×105 N/mm2 and I = 3.33×106 mm4.
10 A shaft of 50 mm diameter and 3 m length has a mass of 10 kg per meter length. It is
simply supported at the ends and carries three masses of 70 kg, 90 kg and 50 kg at 1 m, 2
m and 2.5 m respectively from the left support. Find the natural frequency of transverse
vibrations by Dunkerley’s method. Assume E = 200 ×10 9 N/m2.