Week - 1

IT Infrastructure
Week 1 - Long Descriptive Questions
Q1. Explain ITIL? Describe the various processes involved in

ITIL?
Ans. ITIL is a set of well-defined guidelines that helps Software professionals to deliver
the best IT services. ITIL guidelines are the best practices that are observed, gathered, and
put together over time for delivering quality IT services. The full form of ITIL is Information
Technology Infrastructure Library.
Popular IT services covered by ITIL are Cloud services, backup, network security,
Data processing and storage, managed print services, IT consulting, Help desk support, IOT
etc.
The systematic and structured approach of ITIL framework helps an organization in
managing risk, establishing cost-effective practices, strengthening customer relations. All
these eventually result in building a stable IT environment for your business.
ITIL Processes :
1. Service Strategy:
Service Strategy Operations ensure that services such as fulfilling user requests, working on
service failures, fixing problems and carrying out routine operational tasks efficiently and
effectively.
2. Service Design:
This stage ensures agreed service are delivered when, where, and at the defined cost.
3. Service Transitions:
The goal of the Service Transition process is to build and deploy IT services. It also make
sure that changes to services and Service Management ITIL processes are conducted in a
coordinated way.
4. Service Operations :
This ITIL stage focuses on meeting end-users’ expectations while balancing costs and
discovering any potential problems.
5. Continual Service Improvement:
It makes sure that IT services can recover and continue from a service incident. It helps to
conduct business simper analysis to prioritize business recovery.
Q2. Explain infrastructure design document ?

Ans. Design Document : written documentation of the design factors and the choices to
satisfy the business and technical requirements.
The design documentation aids in the implementation of the design.
The contents of the Design Document:
1. Architecture design
2. Implementation plan
3. Installation guide
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4. Validation test plan
5. Operational procedures
Design document contains following major aspects.
1. Design of Data Centre and Server Room
2. Design of IT network
3. Hardware and software specifications (Servers, Desktops and Laptops)
4. Specifications of Server and Client Operating systems
5. Details of access, controls to be implemented to access critical IT assets
6. Internet bandwidth, security devices and applications
7. Email service to be setup
8. Design of backup and disaster recover mechanism.
Q3. List and briefly describe about any four categories of IT

infrastructure.
Ans. Components of IT Infrastructure
1. Computer Hardware Platforms :
These are computers and server machines in your network. Servers allow users to share
information and the necessary files required to keep the company running.
2. Enterprise and Software Applications :
Enterprise application is a large-scale software that helps solve the problems of the entire
organization. They include software such as middleware, Oracle, and Peoplesoft. Other
applications in the companies used to link all the other applications also fall into this
category.
3. Data Storage and Management:
Data management is handled by software and stores in storage devices. Nowadays, data
storage has evolved as the need to access it easily, backing up, and restoring data grows.
4. Operating System Platforms :
An Operating System is software that manages the functioning of all the other applications
after being loaded on a computer. It also acts as an interface for the user. Every computer
must have at least one OS in order to function.
5. Network and Telecommunication Platforms :

Networking platforms include Windows server OS, Linux, Unix, among others.
Telecommunication platforms are provided by telecommunication service companies that
provide data connectivity, internet access, voice, and wired area network.
6. Internet Platforms :
These relate to and sometimes overlap with network infrastructure and hardware and
software platforms. In a company, infrastructure related to the internet include the hardware,
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software, and facilities that support web hosting, maintenance of websites, web application
tools together with intranets and extranets.
7. Consulting and System Integration Services :
These are used to integrate the legacy system with modern infrastructure. Software
integration is ensuring that new technology works with the old one also called legacy system.
Q4. What are the important challenges of managing IT

infrastructure ?
Ans. Few important challenges of managing IT infrastructure :
● Outdated systems and technology
Given the fast-paced evolution of technology, systems go obsolete very fast. As such, it is
imperative to keep your systems updated with the latest technology developments in the
industry. Upgrading your hardware and software frequently will help you boost productivity,
enhance efficiency and gain a competitive edge over your peers.
● Faulty networks and connectivity
Other major challenges with IT management are faulty networks and poor connectivity
issues. In the digital age, it is imperative to continuously monitor network performance and
focus on improving connectivity. This will help keep your infrastructure management relevant
for the modern age where clients are more demanding than ever and you need to be on top
of your services to compete with your peers.
● Data acquisition, storage and management issues
In this digital age, both the collection and acquisition of data has become simpler, leading to
an explosion of data volumes. As such, managing this sheer volume of data has become a
major challenge for businesses. Data loss due to insufficient storage capabilities, clubbed
with ineffective data management, turns out to be extremely costly for companies. It is
therefore important to design a strategy that incorporates the need for more data storage
space and better management of data.
● Scalability limitations
A major concern for businesses aiming for effective IT management is scalability. While
businesses typically require IT expansion, overconsumption can lead to a lot of wastage in
case usage drops. You need to integrate with scaleable infrastructure monitoring software to
ensure that your system is prepared to adapt and respond to your evolving needs.

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IT Infrastructure

Week 1 - Long Descriptive Questions

Q1. Explain ITIL? Describe the various processes involved in

Q2. Explain infrastructure design document ?

Q3. List and briefly describe about any four categories of IT

5. Network and Telecommunication Platforms :

Q4. What are the important challenges of managing IT

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