Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Region VI – Western Visayas

DAILY LESSON Grade & 10 – MAXWELL Quarter Third

PLAN in SCIENCE Section:
10 Date & June 4, 2022 Area Biology
I. Objectives Time 9:30-10:30 A.M.
Content Standard The information stored in DNA as being used to make proteins.

Performance To create model of DNA using edible materials.

Standard
Most Essential Explain how protein is made using information from DNA.
Learning S10LT-IIIf-39
Competency
Objectives: At the end of the lesson, 85% of the learners should be able to:
1. describe DNA and RNA structures,
2. compare and contrast the DNA and RNA structures;
3. appreciate the importance of DNA and RNA in our lives.
Science Concept: Genetics
Science Process: Analyzing, Inferring

Subject Integration: English, Values Education

Value Focus: Keen Observation, Patience, Critical Mindedness, Appreciation

II. Content Heredity: Inheritance and Variation

III. Learning Resources
Teacher’s Guide Page 55
Learner’s Material Pages 55-60
Additional Materials Science and Technology Biology textbook, projector, laptop, worksheets, chalkboard, speaker
IV. Preliminary
Activities:
Prayer
Checking of
Attendance
V. Learning Tasks:
TEACHER’S ACTIVITY LEARNER’S ACTIVITY
ELICIT
Are you familar with the diffrent pictures shown
below?

1. CELL- smallest unit of living thing

1.
2. 2. NUCLEUS- the control center of the
cell

3. CHROMOSOME- part of the cell that

contains genes which control how an
animal or plant grows and what it
becomes

4. DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID (DNA)

3. 4. - known as the “blue print” of life
because it contains the information
needed to form and control the
physical make up and chemical
processes of an organsim.

ENGAGE The learners are presented with the “DNA

 Song” by Mr. Parr.
https://youtu.be/LgHCGJ8a5PY

How did you find the song? It is entertaining.

Did you have fun? Yes.

What is the song all about? It’s about the DNA.

Based on the song, what are the four

nitrogenous bases of DNA? Adenine, Thymine, Guanine and Cytosine

Do you have any idea how DNA differ from No, Ma’am.
RNA?

This morning, you will learn the structures of

DNA and RNA. How do they differ from each
other?

Everyone, please read the objectives of our At the end of the lesson, we should be able
lesson. to:
1. describe DNA and RNA structures.
2. compare and contrast the DNA and RNA
structures.
3. appreciate the importance of DNA in our
lives
Thank you!

EXPLORE For now, please get your activity sheet for your
activity.
The learners perform the activity

“ Getting to know Me, Getting to know You ”.

Objective:
Compare the structures of the DNA and RNA
molecule
Materials: activity sheet, pen
Procedure:
1. Read the given information carefully about
the DNA and RNA.

2. Answer the key questions quietly.

3. Fill in the comparison below.

Basis of Comparison DNA RNA
Number of strands
Location in the cell
Type of sugar
Nitrogenous base
pair

4. Have a representative from your group and

share to the class the results of your activity.

Key Questions:
1. What are the components of the DNA and
RNA molecule?
2. What form the basic building block of DNA?
3. How are the nitrogenous bases paired in
DNA?
4. What nitrogenous base found in RNA but not
 in RNA?
5. How are the structures of RNA different from
the structures of DNA?

Component molecules
1. The DNA molecule is composed of three
types: phosphate group, the sugar
deoxyribose, and the bases adenine,
thymine, cytosine, guanine (A, T, C, G).

Nucleotides
2. There are three molecules that form the
basic building block of DNA, the nucleotides.
Each nucleotide is composed of one
phosphate group, one sugar molecule, and
one of the four bases – in the example.
Across the strands of the helix, A always pair
with T, and G with C.

Ribonucleic Acid, like DNA, is a nucleic acid.

However, RNA structure differs from DNA
structure in three ways, shown in Figure 2.
First, RNA is single stranded – whereas,
DNA is double stranded. Second, the sugar
in RNA is ribose; DNA has deoxyribose.
Finally, both DNA and RNA contain four
nitrogenous bases, but instead of thymine,
RNA contains a similar base called uracil
(U). The uracil pairs with adenine. The major
types of RNA include: messenger RNA
(mRNA), ribosomal RNA, (rRNA), and
transfer RNA (tRNA).
EXPLAIN Key Questions:
1. What are the components of the DNA and The components of DNA are phosphate
RNA molecule? group, the sugar deoxyribose and the bases;
adenine, thymine, cytosine and guanine.

The components of RNA are phosphate,

ribose and the bases; adenine, uracil,
cytosine and guanine.
That is correct!

2. What forms the basic building block of DNA?

Nucleotide
That’s right!

3. How are the nitrogenous bases paired in

DNA? Adenine is always paired with Thymine; and
Cytosine is always paired with Guanine.
Precisely!

4. What nitrogenous base is found in RNA but

not found in DNA? Uracil

Very good!

5. How are the structures of RNA different from

the structures of DNA? RNA structure differs from DNA structure in
three ways.
First, RNA is single stranded whereas, DNA is
double stranded.
Second, the sugar in RNA is ribose, DNA has
 deoxyribose.
Third, RNA contains four nitrogenous bases
adenine, uracil, cytosine and guanine while
DNA contains adenine, thymine, cytosine and
Exactly right! guanine.
ELABORATE Let’s go into detail the structures of DNA and
RNA. .

What does the acronym DNA stand for? the DNA stands for deoxyribonucleic acid
RNA? RNA stands for ribonucleic acid

Very good!

In what part of the cell are they located? DNA is located in the nucleus of the cell.
RNA is located in the cytoplasm.

That’s correct!

DNA and RNA are two kinds of nucleic acids.

They both have major functions in the lives of
the organisms.

How important is DNA? It is known as the blue print of life because it

contains the information needed to form and
control the physical make up and chemical
processes of an organism.

That’s right!

DNA determines a particular trait of an

individual.
For example, some of you may have fair
complexion while others may have dark
complexion.
You might have inherited your father’s
intelligence or your mother’s talent in singing.

How about the RNA? RNA primarily functions in the synthesis of

protein and transcription of genetic materials
that have been encoded by the DNA.

That’s right!

Do you know what transcription means? No.

Transcription is the process by which

nucleotide sequence of DNA is copied into
mRNA.

Speaking of mRNA, what does it mean? Messenger RNA.

That’s correct!

mRNA is one of the three major types of RNA.

 What are the other two types of RNA? rRNA or ribosomal RNA and tRNA or transfer
RNA.
That’s right!

These RNAs are very important in the

production of proteins which are important for
the traits to be encoded by the DNA.

Let’s compare and contrast DNA and RNA.

Let’s take a look at these two figures.

What can you say about the figures? DNA structure is double stranded while RNA
structure is single stranded.

That is correct!

Because of this, DNA sometimes is referred to

as double helix.

What about the components of DNA and RNA?

Do they have the same components? No.

The components of DNA are phosphate
group, the sugar deoxyribose and the bases;
adenine, thymine, cytosine and guanine.

The components of RNA are phosphate,

ribose and the bases; adenine, uracil,
cytosine and guanine.

Very good!

How are DNA and RNA important in your life? DNA is important because it encoded the
traits that I inherited from my parents. It
simply shows that I am my parents
son/daughter.
RNA is important because it synthesized the
proteins which make the genetic materials to
be encoded in the DNA.
Without these two important molecules, I will
not be here on earth.

That’s great!

EVALUATE Basis of Comparison DNA RNA

Number of strands 1. 9.
Location in the cell 2. 10
Type of sugar 3. 11.
Nitrogenous base 4.. 12.
pair 5. 13.
 6. 14.
7. 15.
8. 16.

This quiz was created in google form and the

link was sent to the students for them to
answer. Those who do not have internet access
are given printed exam.

ESSAY (4 points)
1. How important DNA and RNA are in
our lives?
EXTEND Identify the four enzymes in DNA replication and study in advance the process.

LEARNER’S
MASTERY
V. REMARKS

VI. REFLECTION
From the evaluation,
No. of Learners who
earned:
• 80% and Above:
• Below 80%:
Did the remedial
lessons work? No. of
Learners who:
• have caught up with
the lesson
•continue to require
remediation
Which of my teaching
strategies worked well?
Why did these work?

What difficulties did I

encounter which my
Principal/ Supervisor
can help me solve?
What innovation or
localized materials did I
use/ discover which I
wish to share with
other teachers?
PREPARED BY:

GLORI PEARL P. QUIA-ONG

MAED- Biological Science

SUBMITTED TO:

PROF. MAY M. SANSAIT

Subject Professor