Chapter III

CHAPTER III
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY
This chapter concentrates on the discussion of the research method and procedures
adhered to by the researcher is order to answer systematically the specific problems posed
for investigation. Specifically, the research method, population and samples, research
instrument, data gathering procedure, and statistical treatment of the data used for the
accurate data analysis and interpretation were explained in this chapter.
RESEARCH INSTRUMENT USED
In this study, the researchers come up with different research instruments to be
used. These are the survey questionnaires and internet. Survey questionnaire is the main
source of information, is made of questions based on collective effort of the group. All
questions are originally made- not inspired from other researches. This is to gather exact
findings about the study and create credibility to every researcher. In the questionnaire,
majority of it focuses on behalf of farmers and his/her involvement in irrigation on
abundance of harvest. Thus, questions that have something to do with the effects of
maintaining irrigation on abundance of harvest may it be in a good or bad way are also
included. Lastly, there are also questions which clarify about the irrigation maintenance.
RESEARCH DESIGN
Our Research Design is Descriptive Research. It is a study design to depict the
participants in an accurate way. More simply put, descriptive research is all about
describing people who take part in the study. Survey is way a researcher can go about doing
descriptive research project.
SOURCED OF DATA
Data Collection is an important aspect of any type of research. Inaccurate data
collection can impact the results of a study and ultimately lead to invalid results. Primary
data were used in this study. Primary data as envisaged were collected by the methods
sufficient for each category. Much emphasis was placed on the collection of accurate and
reliable data so as to be able to come up with objective evaluations and to make informed
conclusions and judgment.
Primary data
Primary data is information and data that are collected at the time of the
study (Kothari, 2008). Furthermore; Kothari (2004) defined primary data as those
which are collected a fresh and for the first time and thus happen to be original in
character. Primary data was collected by using interviews, questionnaires and
observation methods. Its source was based on staff of the organization.
1.1 Interviews
For the purpose of this study, interview was conducted with the farmers. It
is a good method because if the enquirer does not understand he/she may seek
for more clarification. Researcher used personal interview, which were be a
face-to-face conversation between researcher and farmers.

1.2 Questionnaire.
Questionnaires were prepared and administered to the farmers, the
researcher used multiple choices questionnaires, these questionnaires were sent
direct to the respective respondents. However, the questionnaires were designed
to capture the data for assessment as a quantitative tool of analysis.
Questionnaires were made up of a number of questions printed or typed in
English, Bicol and Tagalog languages depending on the comfort ability of the
respondents.
1.3 Observations.
The researcher participated in some of the day-to-day farm irrigation
activities of the farmers observe the maintaining irrigation on the abundance of
crop. These are such as how it’s affected the abundance of crops. Also, the
researcher observe how various irrigation are influential to the abundance
growth of crops. Therefore, it was an advantage to the researchers because we
got to witnessed how maintaining irrigation affects the abundance of crops
while participating in farm irrigation activities as a part of the data collection
process. Through observation the researcher had an opportunity to probe the
effect of maintaining of irrigation on the abundance of crops beyond those
covered in the structured questionnaires, to obtain information as it was
observed, listened or experienced.

DATA GATHERING PROCEDURE
The researchers collected the data by means of a survey questionnaire. The
researchers discussed the significance of the study and created questions from the problem
and individual questions made by the researchers. The respondents are those farmers that
need to maintain the irrigation on abundance of harvest. The research instruments are
distributed to the 22 farmers using hardcopies. After the respondents took the tests; the
questionnaires were checked, tabulated, interpreted and analyzed. These data became the
basis of analysis and interpretation. The result of the techniques used in the gathering
improved the researchers in order for them to arrive at the interpretation of the study.
DATA ANALYSIS AND PROCEDURE
The researchers personally administered the research instruments to the
respondents. They conferred and discussed the significant of the study and accomplished
the distributions of the instrument’s property. The respondents were given 20 minutes to
accomplish the forms to prevent them from giving hasty responses. The researchers went
from one section to another for collecting the accomplished questionnaires. After the
questionnaires have been accomplished, the results were tallied and tabulated. These data
became the bases of analysis and interpretation.

DATA ANALYSIS
In determining the effects of maintaining irrigation on abundance of harvest among
farmers, the multiple choices questionnaire has been used.
Formula;
Where;
W = points of choices
x̅ = number of respondents per weight
N= total number of respondents

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CHAPTER III

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY

accurate data analysis and interpretation were explained in this chapter.

RESEARCH INSTRUMENT USED

In this study, the researchers come up with different research instruments to be

majority of it focuses on behalf of farmers and his/her involvement in irrigation on

Our Research Design is Descriptive Research. It is a study design to depict the

descriptive research project.

Data Collection is an important aspect of any type of research. Inaccurate data

conclusions and judgment.

character. Primary data was collected by using interviews, questionnaires and

observation methods. Its source was based on staff of the organization.

for more clarification. Researcher used personal interview, which were be a

face-to-face conversation between researcher and farmers.

Questionnaires were prepared and administered to the farmers, the

researcher used multiple choices questionnaires, these questionnaires were sent

direct to the respective respondents. However, the questionnaires were designed

to capture the data for assessment as a quantitative tool of analysis.

Questionnaires were made up of a number of questions printed or typed in

The researcher participated in some of the day-to-day farm irrigation

activities of the farmers observe the maintaining irrigation on the abundance of

researcher observe how various irrigation are influential to the abundance

growth of crops. Therefore, it was an advantage to the researchers because we

got to witnessed how maintaining irrigation affects the abundance of crops

while participating in farm irrigation activities as a part of the data collection

process. Through observation the researcher had an opportunity to probe the

effect of maintaining of irrigation on the abundance of crops beyond those

covered in the structured questionnaires, to obtain information as it was

observed, listened or experienced.

The researchers collected the data by means of a survey questionnaire. The

DATA ANALYSIS AND PROCEDURE

The researchers personally administered the research instruments to the

became the bases of analysis and interpretation.

In determining the effects of maintaining irrigation on abundance of harvest among

farmers, the multiple choices questionnaire has been used.

x̅ = number of respondents per weight

N= total number of respondents

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