Designation: C 1058 – 03 (Reapproved 2008)

Standard Practice for

Selecting Temperatures for Evaluating and Reporting
Thermal Properties of Thermal Insulation1
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 1058; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.

1. Scope the Guarded-Hot-Plate Apparatus

1.1 This practice covers standard mean temperatures for C 201 Test Method for Thermal Conductivity of Refracto-
reporting thermal properties of thermal insulations, products, ries
and materials, and of related systems and components, both C 335 Test Method for Steady-State Heat Transfer Proper-
insulated and uninsulated. ties of Pipe Insulation
1.2 Thermal properties shall be determined as a function of C 518 Test Method for Steady-State Thermal Transmission
temperature by standard test methods. (Test Methods C 177, Properties by Means of the Heat Flow Meter Apparatus
C 201, C 236, C 335, C 518, C 745, C 976, C 1114, Guide C 653 Guide for Determination of the Thermal Resistance
C 653, and Practice C 687, all in combination with Practice of Low-Density Blanket-Type Mineral Fiber Insulation
C 1045.) C 687 Practice for Determination of Thermal Resistance of
Loose-Fill Building Insulation
NOTE 1—Standard referenced materials are needed to span the tem- C 745 Test Method for Heat Flux Through Evacuated Insu-
perature range of the tests.
lations Using a Guarded Flat Plate Boiloff Calorimeter
1.3 This practice recommends standard conditions for use in C 1045 Practice for Calculating Thermal Transmission
testing and evaluating thermal properties as a function of Properties Under Steady-State Conditions
temperature by standard test methods. C 1114 Test Method for Steady-State Thermal Transmission
1.4 General applications of thermal insulations include: Properties by Means of the Thin-Heater Apparatus
1.4.1 Building envelopes, C 1363 Test Method for Thermal Performance of Building
1.4.2 Mechanical systems or processes, and Materials and Envelope Assemblies by Means of a Hot
1.4.3 Building and industrial insulations. Box Apparatus
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information 3. Terminology
only. Approximate inch-pound units are provided in the tables. 3.1 Definitions— For definitions of terms and symbols used
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the in this practice, refer to Terminology C 168.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- 4. Significance and Use
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- 4.1 The various methods for measuring and calculating
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. thermal properties provide data and information for manufac-
turer’s published information, for comparison of related prod-
2. Referenced Documents ucts, and for designers and users to evaluate insulation prod-
2.1 ASTM Standards: 2 ucts for particular applications. For these purposes it is
C 168 Terminology Relating to Thermal Insulation advisable to provide basic data and information produced
C 177 Test Method for Steady-State Heat Flux Measure- under standard temperature conditions.
ments and Thermal Transmission Properties by Means of 4.2 Thermal properties of a specimen may change with
mean temperature, with temperature difference across the
specimens, and with high temperature exposure. Data and
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C16 on Thermal information at standard temperatures are necessary for valid
Insulation and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C16.30 on Thermal
Measurement. comparison of thermal properties.
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2008. Published August 2008. Originally 4.3 The mean test temperatures to measure thermal proper-
approved in 1986. Last previous edition approved 2003 as C 1058 – 03.
2
ties shall be selected from those listed in Table 1. It is
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
recommended that thermal properties of insulation materials be
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on evaluated over a mean temperature range that represents the
the ASTM website. intended end use. For this situation, the lowest and greatest

Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.

1
Copyright by ASTM Int'l (all rights reserved); Thu Apr 16 08:20:05 EDT 2009
Downloaded/printed by
Laurentian University pursuant to License Agreement. No further reproductions authorized.
 C 1058 – 03 (2008)
TABLE 1 Mean Test Temperatures for Reporting and Evaluation 4.3.3 For conditions where the temperature of only one
of Thermal Properties of Thermal Insulations surface is fixed with the other exposed to fixed ambient
Mean Test Temperature temperature, use the mean temperatures of Table 1.
Insulation Classification
°C °FA 4.4 These conditions must be stated to describe accurately
Building Envelopes −4 25 thermal properties such as thermal conductivity versus mean
4 40 temperature for thermal insulating materials. Thermal insula-
10 50
24 75 tions exhibiting inflection points due to the change of state of
38 100 insulating gases (see Note 2), must be tested at sufficiently
43 110 small temperature differences between (1) the hot and cold
Mechanical Systems or Processes and Building −200 −300 sides and (2) between mean temperatures. The test temperature
and Industrial Insulations: Use those listed in this differences used depend on the vapor pressure versus tempera-
table above and the following: ture relationship of the gases involved and the ability of the test
−100 −200
−75 −100 apparatus to provide accurate measurements of low tempera-
−50 −50 ture differences.
−25 0
100 200 NOTE 2—Certain closed-cell cellular plastic insulations are of this type.
150 300
200 400
250 500
5. Procedure
300 600 5.1 Since there are distinctly different needs or uses for
350 700
400 800 thermal performance information, the test conditions selected
500 1000 must be appropriate to the need or use.
600 1200
700 1400
5.2 Determine the use classification described in 5.3 and
800 1600 choose the appropriate temperature conditions from the tables.
1000 1800 5.2.1 If the tables do not contain the appropriate temperature
1100 2000
conditions, specifically report exceptions.
A
The values in degrees Fahrenheit given in this table are not intended to be
exact conversions of those values in degrees Celsius.
5.3 Thermal insulation classifications are:
5.3.1 Building Envelopes—Typically, building assemblies
or constructions, both insulated and uninsulated, are tested with
mean temperatures should be within 10°C of the maximum and both surfaces exposed to fixed ambient temperatures as pre-
minimum mean temperature of interest. The temperature dif- scribed in Table 2. Normally, Test Method C 1363 is used for
ferences for any chosen mean temperature will depend upon evaluation of building assemblies. For building envelopes in
both the thermal insulation application (see appropriate mate- moderate climates with an anticipated exterior temperature
rials specification), the method of evaluation, and the limita- range of 0 to 50°C (nominally 30 to 120°F), recommended
tions of the apparatus. Temperature differences or relevant mean temperatures are 4, 24, and 43°C (40, 75 and 110°F).
temperatue conditions required by ASTM material specifica- 5.3.2 Mechanical Processes or Systems and Building and
tions shall take precedence over those recommended in this Industrial Insulations—Evaluations of thermal performance
practice. are generally limited to a single material where data is needed
4.3.1 Standard conditions are presented where both surfaces for codes, specifications, and technical literature. Evaluations
are exposed to fixed ambient temperatures that are typical for involve either (1) fixing both surface temperatures as pre-
testing building constructions, both insulated and uninsulated scribed in Tables 2 and 3 or (2) fixing one surface temperature
(Table 2). with the other exposed to a fixed ambient temperature using the
4.3.2 Standard conditions are presented where the tempera- mean temperatures of Table 1 and Test Method C335. For
tures of the two surfaces are fixed and surface coefficients are mechanical systems and processes for applications from -100
not considered (Table 3). to 150°C (nominally -200 to 300°F), recommended mean

TABLE 2 Standard Temperatures for Thermal Transmittance Evaluations With Both Specimen Surfaces Exposed to Fixed
Ambient TemperaturesA
Temperature,° CB Temperature,° FB
C C
Mean Hot Ambient Cold Ambient Mean Hot AmbientC Cold AmbientC
−4 24 6 5 −326 5 25 75 6 9 −25 6 9
4 24 6 5 −156 5 40 75 6 9 569
10 24 6 5 −4 6 5 50 75 6 9 25 6 9
24 38 6 5 10 6 5 75 100 6 9 50 6 9
38 52 6 5 24 6 5 100 125 6 9 75 6 9
43 63 6 5 24 6 5 110 145 6 9 75 6 9
A
Thermal transmission properties of panels of various building constructions are thermal transmittance (U), and thermal conductance (C).
B
Celsius temperatures are standard. The values in degrees Fahrenheit given in this table are not intended to be exact conversions of those values given in degrees
Celsius.
C
Ambient temperatures other than shown may be required for applications other than normal building interior ambient temperatures. Thermal properties should be
determined from test data using ambient temperatures suitable for the applications, but the change must be reported.

2
Copyright by ASTM Int'l (all rights reserved); Thu Apr 16 08:20:05 EDT 2009
Downloaded/printed by
Laurentian University pursuant to License Agreement. No further reproductions authorized.
 C 1058 – 03 (2008)
TABLE 3 Standard Temperatures for Thermal Transmission Property Testing and Evaluation Both Surface Temperatures FixedA
NOTE 1—Typical for use with Test Methods C 177, C 201, C 518, and C 1114.
Temperature,° CB Temperature,° FB
CD
Temperature Difference Temperature DifferenceCD
Mean Mean
Small Large Small Large
−200 256 5 100 6 20 −300 506 10 200 6 30
−100 25 6 5 200 6 20 −200 50 6 10 300 6 30
−75 25 6 5 150 6 20 −100 50 6 10 300 6 30
−50 25 6 5 150 6 20 −50 50 6 10 300 6 20
−25 25 6 5 100 6 10 0 50 6 10 300 6 20
−4 256 5 50 6 10 25 50 6 10 100 6 20
4 25 6 5 406 10 40 50 6 10 80 6 20
10 256 5 406 10 50 506 10 80 6 20
24 25 6 5 406 10 75 50 6 10 80 6 20
38 25 6 5 406 15 100 50 6 10 80 6 25
43 25 6 5 406 15 110 50 6 10 80 6 25
100 50 6 15 150 6 30 200 100 6 25 250 6 50
150 506 15 275 6 30 300 100 6 25 450 6 50
200 50 6 15 400 6 30 400 100 6 25 650 6 50
250 506 15 525 6 30 500 1006 25 850 6 50
300 50 6 15 650 6 30 600 100 6 25 1050 6 50
350 50 6 15 775 6 30 700 100 6 25 1250 6 50
400 100 6 30 800 6 60 800 200 6 50 1400 6 100
500 100 6 30 900 6 60 1000 200 6 50 18006 100
600 1006 30 1000 6 60 1200 2006 50 2200 6 100
700 100 6 30 1300 6 60 1400 200 6 50 2600 6 100
800 100 6 30 1500 6 60 1600 2006 50 3000 6 100
1000 100 6 30 1700 6 60 1800 200 6 50 32006 100
1100 100 6 30 2100 6 60 2000 200 6 50 3600 6 100
A
Thermal properties of insulation materials and systems such as thermal transference (Tt), conductance (C), and surface heat transfer coefficient (h0) are calculated
from test measurements of heat input, hot surface temperature, cold surface temperature and ambient air temperature.
B
Celsius temperatures are standard. The values in degrees Fahrenheit are not intended to be exact conversions of those values in degrees Celsius.
C
Ambient temperatures other than shown may be required for applications other than normal building interior ambient temperatures. Thermal properties should be
determined from test data using ambient temperatures suitable for the applications, but the change must be reported.
D
Selection of temperature difference for property evaluations should reflect the actual temperature differences of the intended applications.

temperatures are those in 5.3.1 plus 100 and -50°C (200 and 6. Keywords
-50°F). For industrial applications from -200 to 600°C (nomi-
6.1 building envelope; industrial application; mean test
nally -300 to 1200°F), recommended mean temperatures are
temperature; mechanical process; selecting temperatures; ther-
-100, 24, 150, 300, and 500°C (-200, 75, 300, 600, and
mal insulation; thermal property
1000°F).

ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentioned
in this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk
of infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.

This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years and
if not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standards
and should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the
responsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you should
make your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.

This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,
United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the above
address or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or service@astm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website
(www.astm.org).

3
Copyright by ASTM Int'l (all rights reserved); Thu Apr 16 08:20:05 EDT 2009
Downloaded/printed by
Laurentian University pursuant to License Agreement. No further reproductions authorized.