ENGLISH IV

By :
R. Akbar M. (07.19.019.1.04)

D-IV Transportasi Laut Polbit

MERCHANT MARINE POLYTECHNIC OF SURABAYA

ACADEMIC YEAR 2021/2022
UNIT 1
SHIPPING PROCEDURE
(Individual Task from Reading Activity)

1. What must be known before the shipping of goods by sea starts ?

=> When cargo liner operating on schedule voyages at the terminal port, and
the owners or agents have estimated the date when it will be ready to start loading
for the next voyage.
=> Additional answer in my opinion :
a. Item Type ;
b. Item Weight ;
c. Item Purpose ;
d. Shipper and Consignee ;
e. Ship Length and Width ;
f. Order Receipt ; and
g. Shipping Documents.

2. What information is given in the application to the port authority ?

=> For a berth giving the date it will proceed alongside and later, when it is
known, the actual time, particulars of draught, information regarding the tonnage
and type of cargo it will work, and the maximum draught anticipated when
loading has been completed.

3. What are the “receiving days” ?

=> The cargo should arrive at the berth five or six days before the ship docks
or is ready to load.
=> Additional answer in my opinion :
Receipt of goods from Service Users, to the temporary Container Yard. To
be immediately loaded and handed over to the Consignee.

4. Who often works on behalf of Exporters ?

=> Clearing and Forwarding Agents very often act on behalf of Exporters.
5. What are the functions of the invoice ?
=> Invoice shows the mark of the package, the number and description of each
article together with the price, charges, and the name of the carrier. Apart from its
commercial value, this document is necessary in the event of loss or damage in
transit to enable an assessment of the claim to be made.
=> Additional answer in my opinion :
Data storage of purchase details and payment terms. Become a valid
reference when there is a discrepancy in the payment process or delivery of the
goods. As a legitimate desire to resell an item someone else has purchased. It can
be said that the main function of this document is to include components in the
purchase details, the main function of an invoice is to bill consumers or
customers to make payments immediately.

6. What are the basic duties of the Shipper ?

=> The exporter or his representative applies for shipping space direct
to the shipowner, that agent or broker. which is Ship brokers or agents and do
generally work on a commission basis.
The note is signed by the wharfinger and returned to the shipper, or his
representative, who then lodges bills of lading with the ship owner or agent.
=> Additional answer in my opinion :
A company that offers warehouse rental and delivery services, which can
be a representative agent.

7. What is the function of the Shipping Note, and what are the other two
documents issued along with it ?
=> This note gives details of marks, references, number, and description of
packages, weight, measurement and port of destination. Along with this note
copies of the Shipping Order and Mate's Receipt are completed.

8. When is the Bill of Lading lodged ?

=> When the shipping note was signed by the wharfinger and returned to the
shipper, or the representative. who shipping agency then lodges bills of lading
with the ship owner or agent for realization of trade transactions.
=> Additional answer in my opinion :
In addition, the Bill of Lading is also evidence of the existence of a contract
of carriage between the sender and the shipping company on the basis of siding
with the ownership of the goods.
9. What is the “leading mark” ?
=> Each package making up a shipping consignment must be distinguished by
mark, it is necessary for identification of the goods. All relevant too documents
must also bear this mark.

10. What are the three bases for assessing freight ?

=> Freight is generally assessed on the weight, or measure of cargo, with
variations, whichever is the greater. Freight is sometimes charged on the value of
the goods instead of weight. After each package has been tallied, measured and
made up into slings on the wharf apron, it is then loaded aboard ship under the
supervision of the chief officer or cargo officer.

11. What are the basic conditions for stowing cargo on board ?
=> Cargo has to be stowed with due regard to the sequence of discharge in
order to avoid demurrage and additional labour costs, which would be incurred if
the goods destined for one port were overstowed by those for the next port of call.
Cargo should be distributed throughout the ship to facilitate speed of discharge,
an add points for consideration the quantity and cargo’s type in different holds.

12. When is the Ship’s Manifest prepared ?

=> When the ship has completed loading specification of all cargo on board is
prepared. Copies of manifests are provided by the custom or consular authorities
of the country of export and import. Separate manifests must be made out for
each port of destination.
=> Additional answer in my opinion :
At the time of making the manifest, the company agent has prepared B/L,
Vessel Number, Description of in advance Goods, Gross Weight, Carriage, and
Information, all of which can be known from the previous steps above. The data
in the Manifest must be the same as stated in the Vessel Bill of Lading. After the
Manifest is prepared, check the truth again. The manifest is closed on the sheet
from the last delivery with underneath. Name and stamp of the shipping company
branch accompanied by the signature of the branch head. Before the ship departs,
a set of Manifest must be submitted to the ship.
13. What is a cargo plan ?
=> Shows in diagrammatic form the longitudinal section of the ship and each
hold with its respective decks, with main consignments marked off by coloured
blocks related to each port of discharge.
=> Additional answer in my opinion :
To make a cargo plan, consideration is needed:
a. Ship stability ;
b. Condition and Location of Unloading Equipment ;
c. Deck Strength ;
d. The Volume of Loading and Carrying Capacity of the Ship.

14. Where and when is the clearance applied for ?

=> Where : The agent or master of the vessel, Applies for a clearance of the
ship at the local Customs House.
When : After loading operations are completed.

15. What conditions must be fulfilled before the Customs Clearance is issued to
the ship ?
=> Clearance isn’t given ‘till the Collector of Customs is satisfied documentary
evidence has been produced to testify that the cargo is in order, the necessary
permits have been procured, and Customs formalities complied with. The officer
issuing the clearance must also satisfy himself that harbour and light dues have
been paid, and that emigration and port health regulations have been carried out.

16. When is the cargo delivered to the consignee ?

=> On arrival at each port of call the respective cargo is discharged and
received and stored by the appointed authority who, in turn, delivers it to the
consignee on a bill when the freight has been paid. A bill of lading, being
negotiable, is sometimes transferred to the consignee through a bank who will
only release it after the freight and cost of the goods are settled.
 GRAMMAR FOCUS
1. (The yes/no question is constructed based on the tenses and the auxiliary.)

a. Ship brokers generally work on a commission basis.

 The Verb 1 = Work
 Subject = Ship Brokers (They, Because Ship Brokers are Plural)
 Do ship brokers generally work on a commission basis?
 Yes, They Do.
 No, They Don’t.

b. All the relevant documents bear the leading mark.

 The Verb 1 = Bear
 Subject = All the Relevant Documents (It, Cause Documents)
 Does all the relevant documents bear the leading mark?
 Yes, It Does.
 No, It Doesn’t.

c. The master or agent applies for a clearance after the loading operations had
been completed.
 The Verb 1 = Applies
 Subject = The Master or Agent (He, Because Using or)
 Does the master or agent applies for a clearance after the loading
operations had been completed?
 Yes, He Does.
 No, He Doesn’t.

d. The cargo plan shows in diagrammatic form the longitudinal section.

 The Verb 1 = Shows
 Subject = The Cargo Plan (It, Cause the Shapes are Sheets or Thoughts)
 Does the cargo plan shows in diagrammatic form the longitudinal
section?
 Yes, It Does.
 No, It Doesn’t.
e. The ship has completed loading specification of all cargo on board.
 The Verb 1 = Completed
 Subject = The Ship (It, Because the Ship is Singular)
 Does the ship has completed loading specification of all cargo on
board?
 Yes, It Does.
 No, It Doesn’t.

2. (Make questions of the QUESTION-WORD using What….?, Who ….?, Where ….?, How
….?, Why …? When …?, etc.)

a. When loading operations are completed the agent applies for a clearance of
the ship at the local Customs house. (When ...? What ...? Who ...? What ...
for? Where ...?)
 When the agent applies for a clearance of the ship?
 What was must be completed before the agent applies for a clearance?
 Who’s that applies for a clearance of the ship?
 What was must be completed before the agent applies for?
 Where a place to clearance of the ship do?

b. Cargo should be distributed throughout the ship to facilitate speed of

discharge. (What ...? Where ...? Why ...?)
 What was should be distributed throughout the ship to facilitate speed
of discharge?
 Where was Cargo should be distributed?
 Why was Cargo should be distributed throughout the ship?

c. Clearing and Forwarding agents very often act on behalf of exporters.

(Who ...? What kind of ...? How often ...? On whose behalf ...?)
 Who are very often act on behalf of exporters?
 What kind of Clearing and Forwarding agents who were represented on
goods shipment?
 How often Clearing and Forwarding agents act on behalf of exporters?
 On whose behalf Clearing and Forwarding agents very often act as
representative in shipping agency?