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    Assignment 2

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    Marianne Parohinog
    There are four main educational philosophies described in the document: Perennialism, Essentialism, Progressivism, and Reconstructivism. Perennialism focuses on timeless knowledge and mastery of facts through classical subjects. Essentialism emphasizes essential skills and academic subjects to educate competent individuals. Progressivism promotes democratic living through active and relevant learning centered on student interests. Reconstructivism aims to improve and reconstruct society by addressing social problems through education.

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    Assignment 2

    Uploaded by

    Marianne Parohinog
    51 views2 pages
    There are four main educational philosophies described in the document: Perennialism, Essentialism, Progressivism, and Reconstructivism. Perennialism focuses on timeless knowledge and mastery of facts through classical subjects. Essentialism emphasizes essential skills and academic subjects to educate competent individuals. Progressivism promotes democratic living through active and relevant learning centered on student interests. Reconstructivism aims to improve and reconstruct society by addressing social problems through education.

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    There are four main educational philosophies described in the document: Perennialism, Essentialism, Progressivism, and Reconstructivism. Perennialism focuses on timeless knowledge and mastery of facts through classical subjects. Essentialism emphasizes essential skills and academic subjects to educate competent individuals. Progressivism promotes democratic living through active and relevant learning centered on student interests. Reconstructivism aims to improve and reconstruct society by addressing social problems through education.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    51 views2 pages

    Assignment 2

    Uploaded by

    Marianne Parohinog
    There are four main educational philosophies described in the document: Perennialism, Essentialism, Progressivism, and Reconstructivism. Perennialism focuses on timeless knowledge and mastery of facts through classical subjects. Essentialism emphasizes essential skills and academic subjects to educate competent individuals. Progressivism promotes democratic living through active and relevant learning centered on student interests. Reconstructivism aims to improve and reconstruct society by addressing social problems through education.

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    of 2

    Educational Philosophica Education Educational

    Knowledge Focus Curriculum Focus


    Philosophy l Base Aims Roles

    Teacher helps
    Educate the Focus on past and students think
    rational person. permanent studies, rationally. Classical subjects
    Idealism
    Perennialism mastery of facts,
    Cultivate and timeless Explicit teaching Constant curriculum
    Realism the intellect. knowledge. of traditional
    values.

    Promote the Essential skills Teacher is an


    Essential skills (three
    intellectual and academic authority in his
    Rs – reading, writing,
    growth of the subjects or her subject
    Idealism and arithmetic)
    Essentialism individual. field.
    Mastery of
    Realism Essential subjects
    Educate the concepts and Explicit teaching
    (English, science,
    competent principles of of traditional
    history, math)
    person. subject matter values.

    Based on students’
    Knowledge leads interests.
    to growth and Teacher is a guide Involves the application
    Promote development. for problem- of human problems and
    Progressivism Pragmatism democratic,
    solving and affairs.
    social living. Focus on active
    scientific inquiry.
    and relevant
    Interdisciplinary
    learning.
    subject matter;
    activities and projects.

    Teacher serves as
    Improve and an agent of change Emphasis on social
    reconstruct Skills and subjects and reform. sciences and social
    society. needed research methods.
    Reconstructivism Pragmatism to identify and sol Helps students
    Education is ve problems of become aware of Examination of social,
    for change and society. problems economic,  and political
    social reform. confronting problems.
    humankind. 

    Source: Adapted from Ornsten and Hunkins (1988).

    PHILOSOPH IDEALISM REALISM PRAGMATISM EXISTENTIALISM


    Y
    Reality Spritual, moral, Based on natural Interaction of Subjective
    or mental; laws; objectives and Individual with
    unchanging composed of matter environment; always
    changing

    Knowledge Rethinking Consisting of Based on experience; Knowledge for


    latent knowledge sensation and used of scientific personal choice
    abstraction method

    Values Absolute and Absolute and eternal; Situational and Freely chosen; based on
    eternal based on natural laws relative; individuals perception
    Subject to change
    and verification

    Teacher’s Role To bring latent To cultivate rational To cultivate critical To cultivate personal
    knowledge and thought; to be moral thinking and choice and individual
    ideas to and spiritual leader; scientific process self-defination
    consciousness; to to be source of
    be a moral and authority
    spiritual leader

    Recalling Exercising the mind; Methods of dealing Knowledge and


    Emphasis knowledge and logical abstract with changing principles of human
    on Learning ideas, abstract thinking are highest environment and condition; acts of
    thinking as the form scientific choice making
    highest form explanations

    Knowledge based; Knowledge based; No permanent Choices in subject


    Emphasis on subject based; subject based; arts knowledge or matter, electives,
    Curriculum classics or liberal and sciences; subjects; appropriate emotional aesthetic,
    arts; hierarchy of hierarchy of subjects; experiences that and philosophical
    subjects; humanistic and transmit culture and subjects
    humanistic and scientific subjects prepare individual
    scientific subjects for change; problem
    solving topics

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