MID-TERM SAMPLE TEST

TIME: 100 MINUTES

Student’s name:

Multiple choice: choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

1) "Bob didn't wear his lucky T-shirt to class, so he failed his chemistry exam." This best illustrates which fallacy?
A) Small sample generalization B) Poor survey methods
C) Post hoc reasoning D) More than one of the above

2) Which is least likely to be regarded as a ratio variable?

A) A critic's rating of a restaurant on a 1 to 4 scale
B) Automobile exhaust emission of nitrogen dioxide (milligrams per mile)
C) Number of customer complaints per day at a cable TV company office
D) Cost of an eBay purchase

3) Thirty work orders are selected from a filing cabinet containing 500 work order folders by choosing every 15th folder. Which
sampling method is this?
A) Simple random sample B) Systematic sample
C) Stratified sample D) Cluster sample

4) A population has groups that have a small amount of variation within them, but large variation among or between the groups
themselves. The proper sampling technique is
A) simple random. B) stratified.
C) cluster. D) judgment.

5) Which is not revealed on a scatter plot?

A) Pairs of observed (xi, yi) data values
B) Nonlinear relationships between X and Y
C) Missing data values due to nonresponses
D) Unusual data values (outliers)

6) Bob found an error in the following frequency distribution. What is it?

Class Frequency
  1–10    2  
  11–20    6  
  25–30    8  
  31–40    12  
  44–50    6  

A) The class limits are overlapping too much.

B) The classes are not collectively exhaustive.
C) There are too many classes by Sturges' Rule.
D) The first class must start at 0.

7) The following table is the frequency distribution of parking fees for a day: 

Fee (dollars) Number of Garages

6.00 < 6.50   5  
6.50 < 7.00   8  
7.00 < 7.50   10  
7.50 < 8.00   7  

What is the mean parking fee?

A) $7.07 B) $6.95 C) $7.00 D) $7.25

8) A population is of size 5,500 observations. When the data are represented in a relative frequency distribution, the relative frequency
of a given interval is 0.15. The frequency in this interval is equal to
A) 4,675 B) 800 C) 675 D) 825

9) Below is a sorted stem-and-leaf diagram for the measured speeds (miles per hour) of 49 randomly chosen vehicles on highway I-80
in Nebraska. What is the mode?
       
Stem unit = 10 
Leaf unit = 1 
Frequency Stem Leaf
  1 4 9
  1 5 5
  17 6 01222455556688999
  19 7 0111233345666778999
  7 8 0133557
  4 9 0122
  49    

A) 62 B) 79 C) 65 D) Impossible to tell

10) This histogram shows Chris's golf scores in his last 77 rounds at Devil's Ridge. Which is not a correct statement?

A) The number of bins is consistent with Sturges' Rule.

B) The histogram has a noticeable bimodal shape.
C) The modal class is 78 < 80.
D) About 15 percent of his scores are in the interval 74 < 76.

11) VenalCo Market Research surveyed 50 individuals who recently purchased a certain CD, revealing the age distribution shown
below. Which statement is least defensible?

A) The mean age probably exceeds the median age.

B) The mode would be a reasonable measure of center.
C) The data are somewhat skewed to the left.
D) The CD is unlikely to appeal to retirees.

12) In the following data set {7, 5, 0, 2, 7, 15, 5, 2, 7, 18, 7, 3, 0}, the value 7 is
A) the mean. B) the mode.
C) both the mode and median. D) both the mean and mode.

13) The heights of male students in a certain statistics class range from Xmin = 61 to Xmax = 79. Applying the Empirical Rule, a
reasonable estimate of σ would be
A) 2.75 B) 3.00 C) 3.25 D) 3.50

14) The midhinge lies halfway between

A) xmin and xmax. B) Q1 and Q3.
C) the mean and the median. D) the inner fences.

15) Chebyshev's Theorem

A) applies to all samples.
B) applies only to samples from a normal population.
C) gives a narrower range of predictions than the Empirical Rule.
D) is based on Sturges' Rule for data classification.

16) Exam scores in a random sample of students were 0, 50, 50, 70, 70, 80, 90, 90, 90, 100. Which statement is incorrect?
A) The standard deviation is 29.61.
B) The data are slightly left-skewed.
C) The midrange and mean are almost the same.
D) The third quartile is 90.

17) As a measure of variability, compared to the range, an advantage of the standard deviation is that it
A) is calculated easily through the use of a formula.
B) considers only the data values in the middle of the data array.
C) describes the distance between the highest and lowest values.
D) considers all data values.

18) Shown the spending by a sample of 50 breakfast customers of McDonald's. Which statement is least likely to be correct?
 

A) The median is very close to the midhinge.

B) The median purchase is slightly less than $5.
C) About 75 percent of the customers spend less than $7.
D) The mean is a reasonable measure of center.

19) The 25th percentile for waiting time in a doctor's office is 19 minutes. The 75th percentile is 31 minutes. Which is incorrect
regarding the fences?
A) The upper inner fence is 49 minutes.
B) The upper outer fence is 67 minutes.
C) A waiting time of 45 minutes exceeds the upper inner fence.
D) A waiting time of 70 minutes would be an outlier.
20) Frieda is 67 inches tall and weighs 135 pounds. Women her age have a mean height of 65 inches with a standard deviation of 2.5
inches and a mean weight of 125 pounds with a standard deviation of 10 pounds. In relative terms, it is correct to say that
A) Frieda is taller and thinner than women in her age group.
B) for this group of women, weight has greater variation than height.
C) Frieda's height is more unusual than her weight.
D) the variation coefficient exceeds 10 percent for both height and weight.

21) What does the graph below (profit/sales ratios for 25 Fortune 500 companies) reveal?

A) That the median exceeds the mean.

B) That the data are slightly left-skewed.
C) That the interquartile range is about 8.
D) That the distribution is bell-shaped.

22) Within a given population, 22 percent of the people are smokers, 57 percent of the people are males, and 12 percent are males who
smoke. If a person is chosen at random from the population, what is the probability that the selected person is either a male or a
smoker?
A) .67 B) .79 C) .22 D) .43

Questions 23 and 24 are based on the following contingency table: 

  A1 A2 A3 A4 Row Total
B1   12     26     42     68     148  
B2   14     28     44     64     150  
B3   18     32     47     72     169  
Col Total   44     86     133     204     467  

23) Find P(A3 ∩ B2).

A) .3212 B) .2933 C) .0942 D) .1006

24) Find P(A2 | B3). 

A) .0685 B) .1893 C) .3721 D) .1842

25) Ramjac Company wants to set up k independent file servers, each capable of running the company's intranet. Each server has
average "uptime" of 98 percent. What must k be to achieve 99.999 percent probability that the intranet will be "up"?
A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4

26) The following probabilities are given about events A and B in a sample space: P(A) = .30, P(B) = .40, P(A or B) = .60. We can say
that
A) P(A ∩ B) = .70. B) P(A) = P(A ∩ B).
C) P(A ∩ B) = .10. D) A and B are independent events.

27) At Dolon General Hospital, 30 percent of the patients have Medicare insurance (M) while 70 percent do not have Medicare
insurance (M´). Twenty percent of the Medicare patients arrive by ambulance, compared with 10 percent of the non-Medicare patients.
If a patient arrives by ambulance, what is the probability that the patient has Medicare insurance?
A) .7000 B) .5000 C) .4615 D) .1300
28) From the following tree, find the probability that a randomly chosen person will get the flu.
 

A) .19 B) .07 C) .81 D) .70

29) At Joe's Restaurant, 80 percent of the diners are new customers (N), while 20 percent are returning customers (R). Fifty percent of
the new customers pay by credit card, compared with 70 percent of the regular customers. If a customer pays by credit card, what is
the probability that the customer is a new customer?
A) .7407 B) .8000 C) .5400 D) .5000

30) In a certain city, 5 percent of all drivers have expired licenses and 10 percent have an unpaid parking ticket. If these events are
independent, what is the probability that a driver has both an expired license and an unpaid parking ticket?
A) .010 B) .005 C) .001 D) Cannot be determined

31) In Quebec, 90 percent of the population subscribes to the Roman Catholic religion. In a random sample of eight Quebecois, find
the probability that the sample contains at least five Roman Catholics.
A) .0050 B) .0331 C) .9950 D) .9619

32) On average, a major earthquake (Richter scale 6.0 or above) occurs three times a decade in a certain California county. Find the
probability that at least one major earthquake will occur within the next decade.
A) .7408 B) .1992 C) .1494 D) .9502

33) If tubing averages 16 defects per 100 meters, what is the probability of finding exactly 2 defects in a randomly chosen 10-meter
piece of tubing?
A) .8795 B) .2674 C) .3422 D) .2584

34) The probability that a rental car will be stolen is .0004. If 3500 cars are rented, what is the approximate Poisson probability that 2
or fewer will be stolen?
A) .3452 B) .2417 C) .5918 D) .8335

35) Which probability model would you use to describe the number of damaged printers in a random sample of 4 printers taken from a
shipment of 28 printers that contains 3 damaged printers?
A) Poisson B) Hypergeometric C) Binomial D) Uniform

36) To ensure quality, customer calls for airline fare quotations are monitored at random. On a particular Thursday afternoon, ticket
agent Bob gives 40 fare quotations, of which 4 are incorrect. In a random sample of 8 of these customer calls, which model best
describes the number of incorrect quotations Bob will make?
A) Binomial B) Poisson C) Hypergeometric D) Geometric

37) A charity raffle prize is $1,000. The charity sells 4,000 raffle tickets. One winner will be selected at random. At what ticket price
would a ticket buyer expect to break even?
A) $0.50 B) $0.25 C) $0.75 D) $1.00

38) A carnival has a game of chance: a fair coin is tossed. If it lands heads you win $1.00, and if it lands tails you lose $0.50. How
much should a ticket to play this game cost if the carnival wants to break even?
A) $0.25 B) $0.50 C) $0.75 D) $1.00

39) The discrete random variable X is the number of students that show up for Professor Smith's office hours on Monday afternoons.
The table below shows the probability distribution for X. What is the expected value E(X) for this distribution?

           
X 0 1 2 3 Total
P(X) .40 .30 .20 .10 1.00

A) 1.2 B) 1.0 C) 1.5 D) 2.0

40) The discrete random variable X is the number of students that show up for Professor Smith's office hours on Monday afternoons.
The table below shows the probability distribution for X. What is the probability that at least 1 student comes to office hours on any
given Monday?

           
X 0 1 2 3 Total
P(X) .40 .30 .20 .10 1.00

A) .30 B) .40 C) .50 D) .60

41) The binomial distribution is symmetrical when
A) π = 1 and 1  − π = 0. B) π = ¼ and 1 − π = ¾.
C) π = ½ and 1 − π = ½. D) π = 0 and 1 − π = 1.

42) The probability that a visitor to an animal shelter will adopt a dog is .20. Out of nine visits, what is the probability that at least one
dog will be adopted?
A) .8658 B) .3020 C) .5639 D) .1342

43) A network has three independent file servers, each with 90 percent reliability. The probability that the network will be functioning
correctly (at least one server is working) at a given time is
A) 99.9 percent. B) 97.2 percent. C) 95.9 percent. D) 72.9 percent.

44) The true proportion of accounts receivable with some kind of error is .02 for Venal Enterprises. If an auditor randomly samples
200 accounts receivable, what is the approximate Poisson probability that fewer than two will contain errors?
A) .1038 B) .0916 C) .1465 D) .0015

45) If X is a discrete uniform random variable ranging from 0 to 12, find P(X ≥ 10).
A) .1126 B) .1666 C) .2308 D) .2500

46) There is a .02 probability that a customer's Visa charge will be rejected at a certain Target store because the transaction exceeds the
customer's credit limit. What is the probability that the first such rejection occurs on the third Visa transaction?
A) .0192 B) .0025 C) .0247 D) .0200

47) When you send out a resume, the probability of being called for an interview is .20. What is the expected number of resumes you
send out before you get the first interview?
A) 5 B) 7 C) 10 D) 12

48) A project has 3 independent stages that must be completed in sequence. The time to complete each stage is a random variable. The
standard deviations of the completion times for the stages are σ1 = 5, σ2 = 4, σ3 = 6. The standard deviation of the overall project
completion time is
A) 8.77. B) 15.0. C) 14.2. D) 9.24.

49) A stock portfolio consists of two stocks X and Y. Their daily closing prices are correlated random variables with variances σX2 =
3.51 and σY2= 5.22, and covariance σXY = −1.55. What is the standard deviation of the sum of the closing prices of these two stocks?
A) 5.63 B) 7.18 C) 8.73 D) 2.68

50) The expected value of a random variable X is 10 and the standard deviation is 2. The standard deviation of the random variable Y =
2X − 10 is
A) 2 B) 4 C) −10 D) −6