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    Solution of ch7

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    ,冰果
    This document discusses several physics problems involving conservation of energy. Problem 7.37 calculates the work required to lift a piano to an apartment, which is 8.75×104 J. It then calculates that with three workmen exerting 371 J/s using a pulley system with 0.75 efficiency, it would take them 236 seconds or 3.93 minutes to complete the lift.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Solution of ch7

    Uploaded by

    ,冰果
    26 views3 pages
    This document discusses several physics problems involving conservation of energy. Problem 7.37 calculates the work required to lift a piano to an apartment, which is 8.75×104 J. It then calculates that with three workmen exerting 371 J/s using a pulley system with 0.75 efficiency, it would take them 236 seconds or 3.93 minutes to complete the lift.

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    solution of ch7

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    This document discusses several physics problems involving conservation of energy. Problem 7.37 calculates the work required to lift a piano to an apartment, which is 8.75×104 J. It then calculates that with three workmen exerting 371 J/s using a pulley system with 0.75 efficiency, it would take them 236 seconds or 3.93 minutes to complete the lift.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    26 views3 pages

    Solution of ch7

    Uploaded by

    ,冰果
    This document discusses several physics problems involving conservation of energy. Problem 7.37 calculates the work required to lift a piano to an apartment, which is 8.75×104 J. It then calculates that with three workmen exerting 371 J/s using a pulley system with 0.75 efficiency, it would take them 236 seconds or 3.93 minutes to complete the lift.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    You are on page 1of 3

    P7.7 We assign height y = 0 to the table top.

    Using conservation of
    energy for the system of the Earth and the two objects:

    (a) ∆K + ∆U = 0
    ∆K1 + ∆K 2 + ∆U 1 + ∆U 2 = 0
    1  1 
     2 m1 v 2
    − 0  +  2 m2 v − 0
    2

    + (0 − m1 gh)+ (m2 gh − 0) = 0
    1
    (m1 + m2 )v 2 = m1 gh − m2 gh = (m1 − m2 )gh
    2
    ANS. FIG. P7.7

    (5.00 kg + 3.00 kg )v 2 = (5.00 kg − 3.00 kg )g (4.00 m )


    1
    2

    v = 19.6 m/ s = 4.43 m/ s

    (b) Now we apply conservation of energy for the system of the


    3.00-kg object and the Earth during the time interval between
    the instant when the string goes slack and the instant at which
    the 3.00-kg object reaches its highest position in its free fall.

    ∆K + ∆U = 0 → ∆K = −∆U
    1 v2
    0− m2 v 2 = −m2 g∆y → ∆y =
    2 2g
    ∆y = 1.00 m
    y max = 4.00 m + ∆y = 5.00 m

    P7.15 (a) The spring does positive work on the


    block:

    1 2 1 2
    Ws = kxi − kx f
    2 2
    Ws = (500 N/ m )(5.00 × 10−2 m ) − 0
    1 2

    2
    = 0.625 J

    Applying ∆K = Ws:
    ANS. FIG. P7.15
    1 2 1 2
    mv f − mvi
    2 2
    1 2
    = Ws → mv f − 0 = Ws
    2

    so

    2(Ws )
    vf =
    m
    2(0.625)
    = m/ s = 0.791 m/ s
    2.00

    (b) Now friction results in an increase in internal energy fk d of the

    block-surface system. From conservation of energy for a


    nonisolated system,

    Ws = ∆K + ∆Eint
    ∆K = Ws − f k d
    1 2 1 2
    mv f − mvi = Ws − f k d = Ws − µ smgd
    2 2

    mv f = 0.625 J− (0.350)(2.00 kg )(9.80 m/ s2 )(0.050 0 m )


    1 2
    2
    (2.00 kg )v 2f = 0.625 J− 0.343 J= 0.282 J
    1
    2
    2(0.282)
    vf = m/ s = 0.531 m/ s
    2.00

    P7.22 For the system consisting of the masses and Earth,

    ∆Emech = − f k d
    K f − Ki + U f − U i = − fkd

    m1v 2 + m2 v 2 + (−m2 gh) = − µ k m1 gh


    1 1
    2 2 ANS. FIG. P7.22

    because f k = µ k n = µ k m1 g and d = h. We have

    1
    m2 gh − µ k m1 gh = (m1 + m2 )v 2
    2
    2(m2 − µ k m1 )(hg)
    v2 =
    m1 + m2

    2(9.80 m s2 )(1.50 m ) 5.00 kg − 0.400(3.00 kg )


    v=
    8.00 kg
    = 3.74 m/ s

    *P7.37 As the piano is lifted at constant speed up to the apartment, the


    total work that must be done on it is

    (
    Wnc = ∆K + ∆U g = 0 + mg y f − y i )
    = (3.50 × 103 N )(25.0 m )
    = 8.75 × 104 J

    The three workmen (using a pulley system with an efficiency of


    0.750) do work on the piano at a rate of

     
    Pnet = 0.750 3Psingle  = 0.750[3(165 W )]= 371 W = 371 J/ s
     w orker 

    so the time required to do the necessary work on the piano is


    Wnc 8.75 × 104 J  1 min 
    ∆t = = = 236 s = (236 s) = 3.93 min
    Pnet 371 J s  60 s 

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