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    Lect 17

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    JK JK
    The document discusses donor and acceptor ligands in coordination chemistry. It explains that donor ligands form sigma and pi bonds by donating electrons from their filled p or d orbitals to the metal's orbitals. Acceptor ligands engage in pi bonding by accepting electron density from the metal's t2g orbitals into the ligand's empty p* orbitals. The spectrochemical series is also presented, which ranks ligands based on the ligand field splitting they cause for cobalt(III) complexes.

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    Lect 17

    Uploaded by

    JK JK
    31 views8 pages
    The document discusses donor and acceptor ligands in coordination chemistry. It explains that donor ligands form sigma and pi bonds by donating electrons from their filled p or d orbitals to the metal's orbitals. Acceptor ligands engage in pi bonding by accepting electron density from the metal's t2g orbitals into the ligand's empty p* orbitals. The spectrochemical series is also presented, which ranks ligands based on the ligand field splitting they cause for cobalt(III) complexes.

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    The document discusses donor and acceptor ligands in coordination chemistry. It explains that donor ligands form sigma and pi bonds by donating electrons from their filled p or d orbitals to the metal's orbitals. Acceptor ligands engage in pi bonding by accepting electron density from the metal's t2g orbitals into the ligand's empty p* orbitals. The spectrochemical series is also presented, which ranks ligands based on the ligand field splitting they cause for cobalt(III) complexes.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    31 views8 pages

    Lect 17

    Uploaded by

    JK JK
    The document discusses donor and acceptor ligands in coordination chemistry. It explains that donor ligands form sigma and pi bonds by donating electrons from their filled p or d orbitals to the metal's orbitals. Acceptor ligands engage in pi bonding by accepting electron density from the metal's t2g orbitals into the ligand's empty p* orbitals. The spectrochemical series is also presented, which ranks ligands based on the ligand field splitting they cause for cobalt(III) complexes.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as pdf or txt
    of 8

    p Donor Ligands (LàM)

    All ligands are σ donors. Ligands with filled p or d orbitals may also serve as pi donor ligands.
    Examples of p donor ligands are I-, Cl-, S2-, and CO32-. The filled p or d orbitals on these ions
    interact with the t2g set of orbitals (dxy, dyz and dxz) on the metal to form bonding and antibonding
    molecular orbitals.

    The size of ∆o decreases, since it is now between an


    antibonding t2g orbital and the eg* orbital.

    This is confirmed by the spectrochemical series.


    Weak field ligands are also pi donor ligands.
    p Acceptor Ligands (MàL)

    The metal uses the t2g set of orbitals (dxy, dyz and dxz)
    to engage in pi bonding with the ligand. The p*
    orbitals on the ligand are usually higher in energy
    than the d orbitals on the metal.

    The interaction causes the energy of the t2g bonding


    orbitals to drop slightly, thus increasing the size of ∆o.
    The Spectrochemical Series
    Based on measurements for a given metal ion, the following series has been
    developed:

    I-<Br-<S2-<Cl-<NO3-<N3-<F-<OH-<C2O42-<H2O<NCS-<CH3CN<pyridine<NH3<en<bipy<phen
    <NO2-<PPh3<CN-<CO

    The complexes of cobalt (III) show the


    shift in color due to the ligand.

    (a) CN–, (b) NO2–, (c) phen, (d) en, (e)


    NH3, (f) gly, (g) H2O, (h) ox2–, (i) CO3 2–.
    F Block Elements

    Dr. Chandrakumar Appayee


    Assistant Professor
    IIT Gandhinagar

    https://achandra9.wixsite.com/ch-201
    Introduction
    The elements constituting the f block are those in which the 4f and 5f orbitally progressively
    filled. These elements are the member of group 3. The f block elements are also termed as
    inner transition elements. It is because literally speaking they constitute transition series
    within transition series (d-block elements). In addition to incomplete d-subshell, their f-
    subshell is also incomplete. There are seven f-orbitals in a given shell. As much as fourteen
    electrons can be occupied in a given f block series. The general electronic configuration of
    the f block elements is (n–2)f1-14 (n–1)d0-1 ns2
    f-Orbitals
    f z3 fxz2 fxyz
    fyz2

    fz(x2-y2) fx(x2-3y2) fy(3x2-y2)


    Lanthanide Contraction

    Atomic electron Ln3+ radius


    Ln3+ electron
    Element configuration (pm)
    configuration
    (all begin with [Xe]) (6-coordinate)
    La 5d16s2 4f0 103
    Ce 4f15d16s2 4f1 102
    Pr 4f36s2 4f2 99
    Nd 4f46s2 4f3 98.3
    Pm 4f56s2 4f4 97
    Sm 4f66s2 4f5 95.8
    Eu 4f76s2 4f6 94.7
    Gd 4f75d16s2 4f7 93.8
    Tb 4f96s2 4f8 92.3
    Dy 4f106s2 4f9 91.2
    Ho 4f116s2 4f10 90.1
    Er 4f126s2 4f11 89
    Tm 4f136s2 4f12 88
    Yb 4f146s2 4f13 86.8
    Lu 4f145d16s2 4f14 86.1

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