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    Class 9TH Biology Diversity

    Uploaded by

    Chirag Kashyap
    The document discusses classification of organisms and answers several questions related to it. It explains that classifying organisms allows for better categorization, study, understanding relationships, and commercial applications. Gross characteristics form the basis for higher categories in a classification hierarchy, while finer characteristics distinguish subgroups. Organisms are grouped into five kingdoms based on their cellular structure, nutrition mode, and level of organization. Plants are divided based on their body structure into thallophytes, bryophytes, pteridophytes, gymnosperms, and angiosperms. Animals are classified more on cellular features and presence of organs. Within vertebrates, animals are further divided into fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals.

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    Class 9TH Biology Diversity

    Uploaded by

    Chirag Kashyap
    49 views3 pages
    The document discusses classification of organisms and answers several questions related to it. It explains that classifying organisms allows for better categorization, study, understanding relationships, and commercial applications. Gross characteristics form the basis for higher categories in a classification hierarchy, while finer characteristics distinguish subgroups. Organisms are grouped into five kingdoms based on their cellular structure, nutrition mode, and level of organization. Plants are divided based on their body structure into thallophytes, bryophytes, pteridophytes, gymnosperms, and angiosperms. Animals are classified more on cellular features and presence of organs. Within vertebrates, animals are further divided into fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals.

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    class 9th ncert solutions

    Original Title

    CLASS 9TH BIOLOGY DIVERSITY

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    The document discusses classification of organisms and answers several questions related to it. It explains that classifying organisms allows for better categorization, study, understanding relationships, and commercial applications. Gross characteristics form the basis for higher categories in a classification hierarchy, while finer characteristics distinguish subgroups. Organisms are grouped into five kingdoms based on their cellular structure, nutrition mode, and level of organization. Plants are divided based on their body structure into thallophytes, bryophytes, pteridophytes, gymnosperms, and angiosperms. Animals are classified more on cellular features and presence of organs. Within vertebrates, animals are further divided into fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    49 views3 pages

    Class 9TH Biology Diversity

    Uploaded by

    Chirag Kashyap
    The document discusses classification of organisms and answers several questions related to it. It explains that classifying organisms allows for better categorization, study, understanding relationships, and commercial applications. Gross characteristics form the basis for higher categories in a classification hierarchy, while finer characteristics distinguish subgroups. Organisms are grouped into five kingdoms based on their cellular structure, nutrition mode, and level of organization. Plants are divided based on their body structure into thallophytes, bryophytes, pteridophytes, gymnosperms, and angiosperms. Animals are classified more on cellular features and presence of organs. Within vertebrates, animals are further divided into fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    CLASS 9TH BIOLOGY

    DIVERSITY IN LIVING ORGANISMS


    Q1. What are the advantages of classifying organisms?
    Answer: Advantages of classification:

     Better categorization of living beings based on common characters.


     Easier study for scientific research.
     Better understanding of human’s relation and dependency on other
    organisms.
     Helps in cross breeding and genetic engineering for commercial
    purposes.

    Q2. How would you choose between two characteristics to be used for developing a
    hierarchy  in classification?
    Answer: Gross Character will “form-the basis of start of the hierarchy and fine
    character -will -form “the basis of further steps of single the hierarchy.
    Example:

    1. Presence of vertebral column in human beings can be taken under


    vertebrata.
    2. Presence of four limbs makes them members of Tetrapoda.
    3. Presence of mammary glands keeps them under mammalia.

    Q3. Explain the basis for grouping organisms into five kingdoms.
    Answer: Basis Of Clasiffication:
    (a) Number of cells
    (b) Layer of cells
    (c) Presence or absence of cell wall
    (d) Mode of nutrition
    (e) Level Of organization

    Q4. What are the major divisions in the Plantae? What is the basis for these divisions?
    Answer: Major Divisions of Kingdom plantae

    Division Basis of Classification

    Thallophyta or Algae Thallus like body


    Bryophyta Body is divided into leaf and stem

    Pteridophyta Body is divided into root, stem and leaf

    Gymnosperm Seed bearing, naked seeds

    Angiosperm Seed bearings covered seeds

    Q5. How are the criteria for deciding divisions in plants different from the criteria for
    deciding the subgroups among animals?
    Answer: In plants body basic structure is a major criteria based on which Thallophytes are
    different from Bryophytes. Apart from this absence or presence of seeds is another
    important criteria. Gymnosperms and angiosperms are further segregated based on if seeds
    are covered or not. It is clear that it is the morphological character which makes the basis
    for classification of plants.
    In animals classification is based on more minute structural variations. So in place of
    morphology, cytology forms the basis. Animals are classified based on layers of cells,
    presence or absence of coelom. Further higher the hierarchy animals are classified based on
    presence or absence of smaller features, like presence or absence of four legs,

    Q6. Explain how animals in Vertebrata are classified into further subgroups.
    Answer: Vertebrata is divided into two superclasses, viz. Pisces and Tetrapoda. Animals of
    Pisces have streamlined body with fins and tails to assist in swimming. Animals of
    Tetrapoda have four limbs for locomotion.

    Tetrapoda is further classified into following classes:


    (a) Amphibia: Are adapted to live in water and on land. Can breathe oxygen through skin
    when under water.
    (b) Reptilia: These sire crawling animals. Skin is hard to withstand extreme temperatures.
    (c) Aves: Forelimbs are modified into wings to assist in flying. Beaks are present. Body is
    covered with feathers.
    (d) Mammalia: Mammary glands present to nurture young ones. Skin is covered with hair.
    Most of the animals are viviparous.

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