Thesis-1 2 3

University of Science and Technology of Southern Philippines
Alubijid │Cagayane de Oro │Claveria │Jasaan │Panaon │Oroquieta
INTEGRATION OF NETWORK DEVICE FOR VEHICLE ENGINE PERFORMANCE

MONITORING
A THESIS
Presented to
The Faculty Department of Autotronics

College of Technology
Cagayan de Oro City
In Partial Fulfillment
of the Requirements for the Degree
Bachelor of Science in Autotronics (BSAT)
Genon, Maria Theresa C.
Bacas, King Cyrus A.
Gallego, Jerry Boy M.
Ponce, Reymond A.
Rementizo, Louie B.
May 2022
1
APPROVAL SHEET
This thesis entitled “INTEGRATION OF NETWORK DEVICE FOR VEHICLE ENGINE
PERFORMANCE MONITORING”, prepared and submitted by Maria Theresa C. Genon, King Cyrus
A. Bacas, Jerry Boy M. Gallego, Reymond A. Ponce, and Louie B. Rementizo in partial fulfillment of
the requirements for the degree BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN AUTOTRONICS has been examined
and is recommended for oral examination, acceptance and approval.
ANTONIO A. ABALES
Member
JOHN HUSS E. TONGCO

Member
RANDOLPH P. SOLLANO
Member
JOE VANE N. ANTIFUESTO, LPT

Adviser
This thesis is approved in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree BACHELOR OF
SCIENCE IN AUTOTRONICS.
ARNELO D. NAELGA, MTTE

Panel Chair/Department Chair of Autotronics
RUVEL J. CUASITO SR., PECE

Dean, College of Technology
2
ABSTRACT
The goal of this study is to create and test an Integration of network device for vehicle engine
performance monitoring to eliminate or considerably reduce the risk of a sudden accident caused by engine
components malfunctioning. A network device that provides an advanced monitoring that automatically
addresses problems of engine components. Common issues inevitably encountered when travelling is the
unexpected damage of the automobile engine wherein do not have a basic understanding of how to
diagnose the problem. In this situation, integration of network device for vehicle engine performance
monitoring is extremely beneficial in terms of emergency travel or urgent use of vehicle. This innovation
will have capability to display the current condition and troubleshoot the engine. The software for this
system is developed, and it can display the system’s flaws by showing diagnostic trouble codes. This
device aids automobile owners in determining the present status of their automobile engine and makes it
easier to check for problems in the vehicle’s engine systems and subsystems. Functionality, Aesthetics,
Portability, Cost Effectiveness, Safety, and Durability were among the six criteria used by the researchers
in this study, which were scored by respondents. The researchers have concluded that this innovation is
viable. All of the project’s pieces and features have been tested, and it is now operational. Based on the
results of the designer’s study, several recommendations have been made to further improve the project.
Keywords: On-Board Diagnostics (OBD), Diagnostics Trouble Codes (DTC).
3
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
First and foremost, praise and appreciation to God, the Almighty, for his many gifts that enabled us
to successfully conclude our research.
We would like to express our deep and sincere gratitude to our research adviser, Mr. Joe Vane N.
Antifuesto, LPT, for allowing us to conduct research and for providing crucial help throughout the process.
We have been tremendously moved by your dynamism, vision, genuineness, and motivation. It was a great
honor and privilege to work and study under your direction. We are appreciative for everything you have
done for us. We’d also like to express our gratitude to everyone who assisted us in completing our research.
We are extremely grateful to our parents for their love, prayers, caring and sacrifices for educating
and preparing us for our future. We are grateful to our friends and professors for their support, prayers, and
ongoing support in helping us finish this project.
We would also want to express our gratitude to our panel chair, Mr. Arnelo D. Naelga, as well as
the panelists Mr. Antonio A. Abales, Mr. John Huss E. Tongco, and Mr. Randolph P. Sollano, for sharing
their knowledge in examining every piece of evidence and ensuring that it all fits within the scope of our
research.
4
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TITLE PAGE i
APPROVAL SHEET ii
ABSTRACT iii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT iv
TABLE OF CONTENTS v-ix
LIST OF TABLES viii
LIST OF FIGURES ix
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION PAGE
1.1 Background of the Study 10-13
1.2 Conceptual Framework 14
1.3 Objectives of the Study 15
1.4 Statement of the Problem 15
1.5 Research Questions 16
1.6 Significance of the Study 16
1.7 Scope and limitation of the Study 16
1.8 Definition of Terms 17
5
CHAPTER 2
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE 18-21
CHAPTER 3
METHODOLOGY
3.1 Respondents of the Study 22
3.2 Research Location 22
3.3 Research Data Analysis 22-23
3.4 Research Design 23-24
3.5 Research Development 24-34
3.6 Quantitative Research 34
3.7 Research Instrument 35
CHAPTER 4
DATA PRESENTATIO, ANALYSIS, AND FINDINGS
4.1 Completed Design 36-37
4.2 Certain Implementation 38-39
4.3 Acceptability of the Device 40
4.4 Results and Findings 40-46
6
CHAPTER 5
SUMMARY, FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
5.1 Summary 47
5.2 Conclusions and Implications 48
5.3 Recommendations 48
APPENDIX A
A. Survey Questionnaire 49-52
B. Data Presentations, Analysis and Findings 52-57
APPENDIX B
Bill of Materials 58-60
CURRICULUM VITAE 61-65
BIBLIOGRAPHY 66
7
LIST OF TABLES
Table 3.1 Shows the Evaluation Scale 35
Table 4.1 Mean responses in terms of Functionality 41
Table 4.2 Mean responses in terms of Aesthetics 42
Table 4.3 Mean responses in terms of Cost and Effectiveness 43
Table 4.4 Mean responses in terms of Portability 44
Table 4.5 Mean responses in terms of Safety 45
Table 4.6 Mean responses in terms of Durability 46
Table 1.B Evaluation of Integration of Network Device for Vehicle
Engine Performance Monitoring in terms of Functionality 52
Engine Performance Monitoring in terms of Aesthetics 53
Engine Performance Monitoring in terms of Cost and Effectiveness 54
Engine Performance Monitoring in terms of Portability 55
Engine Performance Monitoring in terms of Safety 56
Engine Performance Monitoring in terms of Durability 57
8
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1 Conceptual Framework of the Study 14
Figure 2 Demo Installation of Prototype 37
Figure 3 Device Testing 38
9
THE PROBLEM
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Vehicle systems are difficult to maintain since they are complicated in both
hardware and software. The typical maintenance technique utilized in the automotive
industry is reactive, which reduces the vehicle's lifetime and costs money. To overcome
these challenges, predictive maintenance is essential at this point. It is reported by
European Commission that there will be 50% increment in transport vehicles within 20
years. Maintaining vehicle performance will necessitate appropriate techniques. A
vehicle with a complex construction necessitates a well-thought-out maintenance
approach (Asad Safi, 2018).
Early detection and repair of a problem is beneficial in nearly any situation since
it reduces the inevitable buildup of damage down the road. This cause-and-effect idea
holds true for automobile engines as well. Engine problems should be diagnosed as soon
as possible because engines are more repairable at this time. If a problem is ignored, it
will worsen and end up costing a motorist hundreds of dollars to fix. And if the problem
worsens, a complete engine replacement maybe require.
For many people, this means that their cars are wrecked because the cost of a new
automobile engine exceeds the worth of their car. To avoid having to buy a new car
engine, make sure you notice and solve problems as soon as possible ( NORTHEAST Auto
Service, 2017). A car's engine is its beating heart. It's a complex machine that transfers
heat from burning gas into the force that propels the vehicle forward.
10
By igniting a mixture of fuel vapour and compressed air inside a momentarily
sealed cylinder and forcing it to burn quickly, a spark sets in motion a cascade of
operations that achieves that purpose. It is for this reason that the machine is known as
an internal combustion engine. The mixture expands as it burns, generating the necessary
power to move the car. The engine must have a sturdy construction to endure its
enormous duty. The cylinder block, a casing for the engine's major moving elements is
the bottom, heavier section; the cylinder head, a detachable upper cover, is the higher,
lighter section.
The cylinder head has valve-controlled channels through which the air and fuel
mixture enters the cylinders, as well as tubes through which the combustion gases are
evacuated. The crankshaft, which converts the reciprocating motion of the pistons into
rotary motion at the crankshaft, is housed in the block. The camshaft, which controls the
mechanics that open and close the valves in the cylinder head, is frequently housed in
the block. The camshaft can be either in the head or placed above it ( How a Car Works,
2017).
Engine failures can happen in a wide range of machines, vehicles, and
applications. On rare occasions, a single vehicle type or equipment family will encounter
several engine failures, necessitating the unavoidable necessity to figure out what caused
one or all of the failures. This comprehensive engine performance interfacing introduces
participants to the methods and techniques used to understand the types of variables and
inputs that can affect engine reliability and then determine the most likely cause of a
single engine failure or a cluster of engine failures in the field.
11
Predictive maintenance, corrective maintenance, and preventive maintenance are
the three types of maintenance procedures utilized in the automotive industry. In the
automotive business, preventive maintenance is typical practice, with car parts being
upgraded on a regular basis. Diagnostics, in contrast to preventative and prognostic
processes, is concerned with the current status of any subsystem, whereas prognosis is
concerned with the subsystem's future state. There are serious challenges when we deal
with prognostic maintenance. On-board data is handled through prognostic maintenance.
Because the expense of developing on-board diagnostics in a vehicle is limited, there are
only a few sensors available. When the vehicle is in motion, these sensors generate
thousands of signals or data streams. Wireless communication is used to send these
signals to a mobile phone or a laptop connected to the car ( Vehicle Remote Health and
Prognostic Maintenance System, 2018).
It necessitates a large storage capacity, resulting in a hefty cost. As a result, these
types of systems are rarely used. During the last decade, there has been a remarkable
surge in research on car diagnostics. Prytz presents a comprehensive examination of how
machine learning algorithms are employed in the automobile sector for defect prediction,
as well as a detailed discussion of predictive maintenance in the car industry.
“Consensus self-organized models for fault detection (COSMO)” was presented in which
sensor’s data is used. Experiments were conducted with heavy vehicles and municipal
buses. COSMO is a concept that aims to extend the life of a vehicle.
12
Another method for predicting vehicle compressor faults was examined, which
relied on logged on-board data. This approach was shown on a Volvo truck, and it was
presented as a way to predict the need for air compressor replacement in buses and
trucks. For prediction, a random forest was applied to logged on-board data.
Because of the rising complexity of the automotive sector, the focus has shifted to
automated data analysis. Meanwhile, with the low cost of wireless connection and the
growing popularity of Android phone applications, on-board car diagnostic systems for
vehicle health monitoring were developed, with the driver being warned in the event of
any alarming situations ( Vehicle Remote Health and Prognostic Maintenance System 2018). There
are numerous ways for performing diagnostic and prognostic maintenance for each of the
approaches outlined above. We propose completed infrastructure of Integration of
network device for vehicle engine performance monitoring using data collected when
vehicle is on move. On the dashboard, Integration of network device for vehicle engine
performance monitoring refers to remotely monitoring and forecasting faults in various
engine components. Our contributions are twofold: defect prediction in various engine
components and real-time engine monitoring.
One significant benefit of the proposed method might be in the current automotive
industry projects, such as driverless cars, in which every system in the automobile is
automated. This study describes a method for analyzing subsystems and predicting faults
utilizing flexible brackets and machine learning algorithms, as well as smart phone
applications (Android tablet, OBD).
13
1.2 CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
The researchers aimed to design and develop an Integration of network device for vehicle
engine performance monitoring in order to troubleshoot, prevent sudden malfunctions and
underlying problems of the engine. For the study to come into fruition, the following framework is used
(see fig. 1.1).
Input Variable Process Variable
 Problem  Designing Output Variable

INTEGRATION OF
identification
 Testing Integration of
 Principles and Network Device for
theories  Evaluating
Vehicle Engine
 Development Performance
 Tools and
Monitoring
Equipment
 Supplies and
materials
Figure 1.1 Conceptual Framework of the Study
First, researcher must gather data from various sources such as but not limited to the internet, news
and interviews from automotive technicians in relation to the study conducted. The collated data can help
in the identification of the problem as well as provide input as to the design, development and evaluation of
the system. The process includes initially the designing of the device, and then followed by the actual
development of the prototype. The prototype is then evaluated for its functionality, aesthetics, portability,
cost effectiveness, safety and durability.
14
1.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
The research objectives for the project undertaken are as follows:
1. To design and develop a real-time performance monitoring device of automobile engine.
2. Minimize the production hours lost to maintenance.
3. Evaluate the performance of integration of network device for vehicle engine performance
monitoring.
1.4 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
Predictive maintenance has grown more significant in numerous industries, including the automotive
vehicle industry. Because of the restricted availability of sensors and some of design efforts, it is difficult
to diagnose failure in advance in the automobile sector. However with the great development in
automotive industry, it looks feasible today to analyze sensor’s data along with machine learning
techniques for failure prediction. Specifically, this paper seeks to give dissertation to the following
questions.
1. What should be taken into account when building and constructing an integration of network
device for vehicle engine performance monitoring?
2. What elements, components, and specifications are required to create an integration of network
device for vehicle engine performance monitoring?
3. What are the functions and effects of this innovation?
15
1.5 RESEARCH QUESTIONS
What is needed?
An advance monitoring device to monitor the condition and performance of engine of vehicle that
can help reduce the risk of sudden malfunction of engine components.
What can we offer?
The integration of network device for vehicle engine performance monitoring has the potential to
eliminate or considerably reduce the risk of sudden accident caused by a vehicle’s engine components
malfunctioning. A system that provides an advanced monitoring device that automatically addresses
problems of engine components.
1.6 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
The information gathered in this investigation will be used to develop a new vehicle monitoring
device. The study’s findings would be extremely beneficial to anyone who is concerned about their
vehicle’s predictive maintenance and fault prediction. In addition, this study is significant for car owners to
secure the condition of their automobile engine; reduce the repair cost and avoid sudden vehicle fault.
1.7 SCOPE AND LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
This study focuses on Integration of Network Device for vehicle engine performance monitoring.
However, it is not possible for the researcher to cover every types of automobile engine to monitor, so this
study will focus only on Toyota Hilux Engine. This study has the ability to automatically address problems
of engine components.
16
1.8 DEFINITION OF TERMS
Monitoring Device – Display produced by a device that takes signals and displays them on a
television screen or a computer monitor.
Networking device – Networking devices, or networking hardware, are physical devices that are
required for communication and interaction between hardware on a computer network.
Engine – The engine is the part of a vehicle that burns fuel and converts it into mechanical power.
Vehicle owner – Means the registered owner or any person who is a purchaser of a vehicle whether
by way of conditional sale or otherwise howsoever, and any person who has title to or possession,
conditional or otherwise, of a vehicle.
Industry expert – Ultimately, it’s someone who has considerable expertise in a field and is willing
to share this knowledge with others.
Academic expert – Most often include professors who research, publish and/or lecture in their field
of expertise. Academic experts who regularly teach courses may also have developed remarkable
skill at breaking down complex topics for a lay audience.
Design – To create fashion, execute, or construct according to the plan: devise, contrive design, a
system for tracking inventory.
Development – Growth, progress, positive change, and the addition of physical, economic,
environmental, social, and demographic components are all part of the development process.
17
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES
The Integration of network device for vehicle engine performance monitoring has the potential to eliminate
or considerably reduce the risk of a sudden accident caused by engine components malfunctioning. A
network device that provides an advanced monitoring that automatically addresses problems of engine
components.
Related Study
Machine learning approaches are being used in vehicle industry since last decade to improve
vehicle up-time. The existing technologies being used in vehicle industry include machine learning
approaches, soft computing, and on-board data analysis. A new algorithm named “Sequential Pattern
Mining Algorithm” was proposed in which proposed algorithm learned patterns from warranty data of
vehicles and the learned pattern are converted to rule based expert system. An overview of application
being used in manufacturing industry using machine learning approaches including classification,
clustering, and prediction. Then with development in manufacturing of vehicle, trend moved from
diagnostic of vehicles to prognostic using sensor data as large number of sensors were being implemented
in vehicles. An innovative fault prediction model called “Consensus Self-Organized Model for Fault
Prediction” was developed using the data from these sensors. In which model learned interesting
relationship between sensor’s data in vehicles and also in small mechatronic systems.
Since traffic is getting crowded day by day, accident danger increases. To overcome this situation,
intelligent systems are being used with new technologies. Turker and Kutlu presented an overview of
existing systems using OBD2 tools and systems using communication through OBD2 interface. A
comprehensive analysis of vehicle maintenance used unsupervised and supervised techniques with the help
of telematics gateways which enables the vehicles to communicate with back-end server.
18
On-board and off-board data was used for vehicle fault diagnostic and prognostics. Then a novel
data cloud service in Internet of things for vehicle was proposed in which two data mining algorithms were
used including Naïve Bayes and Logistic Regression for warranty analysis using warranty data record of
vehicles while the Multisensor fusion technique to monitor vehicle’s health using oil data and vibration
signals. A comprehensive discussion on how smart sensors could be used for health monitoring of a system
and to diagnose a problem (Another vehicle health monitoring system using data base, data distribution
network, and a communication system). One more system for health monitoring was demonstrated on a
passenger vehicle. System was able to detect any problem or fault in sensors or actuators. There are cost
constraints when sensor data is being used as large memory space and processor speeds are required.
One solution for data reduction is using different machine learning techniques for engine. Another
prognostic health monitoring system is used for sensor data in which agent based system was used. Using
on-board data, another remote health monitoring system in which vehicle no start condition was analyzed
in detail. A vehicle embedded system for health monitoring analyzes the internal condition of vehicles
components by using traveler’s information. The said system was also able to predict future failures to
avoid interruption in journey. To monitor health state of machines and technical vehicles, a remote
diagnostic and monitoring system was proposed by Manakov et al. An application development project
was presented by Ganesan and Mydhile to monitor vehicles health condition remotely using self-adaptive
technique. Failure analysis was used to create a prognostic vehicle health monitoring system for electric
vehicles. A model for prognosis and health monitoring for electric vehicles has been developed to improve
safety and dependability. In the railway business, a survey of wireless sensor networks was conducted.
Another android application based vehicle health monitoring system was introduced in which engine’s
condition, battery condition, and emission system were monitored, and driver of vehicle was notified about
the condition of mentioned systems via android phone.
19
A vehicle health maintenance system using Kalman model; sensor data was used for fault
prediction; moreover engine abnormal behavior was also observed by anomaly detection. Then in the same
year another vehicle maintenance system was proposed for diagnostic and remote prognostic of vehicles
based on least squares support vector machine classifier; the system promoted the use of smart phones in
automotive industry. There are a large number of devices that conduct diagnosis for abnormality of vehicle
in the market. However, those devices support only C-CAN signal among the vehicle signals; therefore, it
is not possible to diagnose parts that use B-CAN signal. A majority of vehicle parts generate analog signal
in order to operate sensor and actuator. On that account, it is essential to collect electric signal for an
accurate diagnosis. However, it is required to connect a number of individual devices in order to diagnose
by using the existing equipment; thus, the level of reliability of collected data will be reduced. Moreover, it
is also required for an user to undergo data extraction process manually in order to extract valid data from
the collected data. As a result, it takes a lot of time and the efficiency of overall inspection and verification
will be reduced.
It is possible to acquire C-CAN data through the equipment called vehicle diagnostic equipment or
vehicle diagnostic device. One can conduct self-diagnosis of a vehicle through connecting this equipment
to OBD (On Board Diagnosis) port of a vehicle. Some of the prominent domestic devices thereof include
'Carmanscan' of Nextech and 'G-Scan' of GIT. C-CAN is able to measure airbag control module, parking
guide module, vehicle diagnostic module, electronic parking brake module, tire pressure monitoring
module, lane departure detection module, smart cruise control module, ABS control module.
The service sector of industry also known as the tertiary sector is one of the three major sectors in
the industry. The service sector emerged as the major sector of the economy both in growth and share in
gross domestic product (GDP) in the 1990s. This sector has shown uniform growth and has shown that it is
resilient even to the economic adversities even during down turn of the industry.
20
The global automotive repair and maintenance services industry is expected to be worth almost
billions by 2015. The Indian automotive aftermarket is currently estimated at 2.3% in contributing of
India's GDP. The automotive aftermarket for parts in India is a large and growing market that spans
manufacturers, distributors, retailers, service providers, and garages. The auto services sector currently
employs an estimated manpower of 787, 7702 and increasing at the rate of 12% p.a. This service sector is
more prevalent in the rural areas when compared to the urban areas due to lower penetration of the
organized sector into these areas. Studies among this sector has shown employees suffer long working
hours combined with poor remuneration and little social security, in the event of disease, disability, or
death. The owners of such small workplaces are generally found to discount the health hazards and leave it
to the workers themselves to manage their health problems. Occupational risk among technicians working
in these places range from exposure to various chemicals such as gasoline, benzene, lead, asbestos, exhaust
fumes to work related accidents, musculo-skeletal trauma due to poor ergonomics at work places and
psycho social problems like alcohol and nicotine dependence.
A study done in France to identify risk factors of laryngeal and hypo pharyngeal cancers showed
that there was an excess risk among auto service workers (odds ratio-2.2, 95% confidence intervals-1.3-
3.9). Another study done among automobile radiator repair workers in New York City revealed that 67% of
workers had blood lead levels in excess of permitted hazard levels. A similar study assessing lead exposure
in automobile workers in India showed a significant increase in levels of lead and an associated significant
reduction in levels of zinc. A 10years follow up study among automobile repair workers in The
Netherlands, to assess because specific mortality showed an increased mortality due to mesothelioma,
urinary tract cancer, pancreatic cancer and ischemic heart disease. A proportionate mortality ratio analysis
of deaths in New Hampshire state of the United States of America among automobile mechanics, revealed
increases in mortality from leukemia, lymphoma, oral, lung, and bladder cancers apart from an increased
mortality due to cirrhosis of liver and suicide.

21
METHODOLOGY
Integration of network device for vehicle engine performance monitoring is a monitoring device
for determining and troubleshooting automobile engine problems. Researchers must develop a real-time
performance monitoring device of automobile engine to minimize the production hours lost to
maintenance.
3.1 RESPONDENTS OF THE STUDY
Car owners from all form all across Cagayan de Oro City and professors/experts from the
Department of Autotronics, College of Technology, University of Science and Technology of Southern
Philippines-CDO are among the study’s respondents.
3.2 RESEARCH LOCATION
This study was conducted at the heart of the gateway of Northern Mindanao rises the third state-run
University System of the Philippines in Cagayan de Oro, geared towards excellence in education, research,
extension and innovation. USTP Cagayan de Oro is recognized as the CHED Center of Excellence in
Information Technology and Center of Development in Electrical Engineering and Mathematics.
3.3 RESEARCH DATA ANALYSIS
The goal of this research is to find out consumer or car owner’s satisfaction in using the proposed
system. Researchers were able to contextualize this data study in current research by using significant
terms from the previous literature, which also helped them find similar studies. To demonstrate, we
conducted extensive research and discovery on this study’s integration of network device for vehicle
engine performance monitoring, to show how data can be managed, analyzed, and presented.
22
The technique will result in the development of large amounts of data, regardless of the researcher’s
philosophical perspective or data collection method. This study uses quantitative research; to quantify
opinions, attitudes, behaviors, and other defined variables with the goal to support or refute hypothesis
about a specific phenomenon, and potentially contextualize the results from the study sample in a wider
population (or specific groups).
3.4 RESEARCH DESIGN
ENGINE
FL
EXI
BLMONITORING DEVICE
E
BR
AC
KE
OBD PORT T
(16 PINS)
ANDROID TABLET
23
The goal of this research is to get information from customers about how the integration of network
device for vehicle engine performance monitoring is implemented. The integration of network device for
vehicle engine performance monitoring has the potential to eliminate or considerably reduce the risk of a
sudden accident caused by engine failure. A technology that enhances vehicle predictive maintenance by
addressing any faults with the engine’s performance or condition automatically.
Components and parts and its function
OBD Port – To perform a variety of tasks on the vehicle’s computer, including emissions tests and
diagnostics.
Android Tablet – To display services such as GPS maps, Hands-free calls,
Messaging, Music, and more.
Flexible Bracket – Capable of being bent, usually without breaking easily and easily bent.
3.5 RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT
Designing and Planning
When discussing how to install an integration of network device for vehicle engine performance
monitoring, this study considered the relevance of hands-on expertise. The right connection and
arrangement of components and terminals will be assured to prevent lost contact and minimize wire
interference. The design will also examine the safety aspect of using this monitoring device.
24
Process of the Integration of Network Device for Vehicle Engine Performance Monitoring
Manual Process
HOW TO USE TORQUE LITE
Initial set-up
To begin, look for the vehicle diagnostics socket, which should have a similar shape to the adapter,
under the driver’s side dashboard, or behind a flap near or behind the steering wheel, are two frequent
hiding spots. Some vauxhall/GM vehicles have them in the ‘tunnel’ between the drivers and passengers’
seats beneath the ash tray, whereas Alfas may have them in the passenger glove box. Once you have
located the socket, plug the adapter into it. Some lights on it should light up. The adapter must now be
paired with the device. ‘0000’ and ‘1234’ are two typical pairing codes in this area. You may need to pair
the device ‘twice’ with older Android versions (1.5 & 1.6). (Check the notification bar for the pairing
request after pairing for the first time).
Pairing the adapter with the device is relatively simple:
 Go to the device Bluetooth settings, accessible via the device ‘Setting->wireless and
networks->Bluetooth settings’.
 Scan for devices.
 Wait until the Bluetooth device shows in the list. It should say ‘scantool’,obdkey’,’plx
…’,’cbt’ or something similar.
 Select the device, you will be asked for a pairing code, enter the pairing code for the
device.
 You are now paired.

25
If you are using Android 1.5, you may get asked a second time (in the notification bar) to authorize
the pairing and use the same pin code here as well.
Selecting the adapter with torque lite:
 Launch Torque, and go in the applications setting’s menu.
 Select the “OBD2 Bluetooth Settings” settings option.
 Scroll down the list of items until you see ‘Connection Type’ in the list. Make sure this
is set to ‘Bluetooth’.
 Scroll down to the Bluetooth preferences section, select ‘Choose Bluetooth Device’ and
select the adapter you paired with earlier.
 Torque is now set-up, and should connect to the adapter. To speed things up, you might
want to quit the app and restart it.
Make sure the ignition is turned on (the automobile does not have to be running) and torque will
begin reading sensor data from the ECU. All the flashing icons in the top right corner of the main screen
should turn blue and stay solid when torque is properly connected.
When scanning for fault codes:
Click the “settings” icon on the torque lite app and choose “Fault codes” and “Show logged faults”
and it will show you the scanned fault codes. You can click the displayed fault code and it will show you
what the fault code description is.
26
When clearing logged faults:
Click the “settings” icon on the torque lite app and choose “Fault Codes” and then click “Clear
logged faults” and it will automatically delete the logged fault codes.
To show pending faults:
Click the “settings” icon on the torque lite app and choose “Fault Codes” and then click “Show
Pending Faults” and it will display the pending fault code.
To show historic faults:
Click the “settings” icon on the torque lite app and choose “Fault Codes” and then click “Show
Historic Faults” and it will display all the historical faults.
DIAGNOSTICS - ENGINE
DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODES CHART
HINT:
Due to the type of equipment or other factors, the parameters listed in the chart may not be exactly
the same as your reading.
If a malfunction codes is displayed during the DTC check in check mode, check the circuit for the
codes listed in the table below.
27
SAE CONTROLLED:
DTC NO. DETECTION ITEM TROUBLE AREA MIL* MEMORY

 Open or short in mass
Mass air flow circuit airflow meter circuit
P0100 0 0
malfunction  Mass airflow meter
 ECM
Mass airflow circuit
PO101 range/performance  Mass airflow meter 0 0
problem
 Open or short in intake
air temperature sensor
circuit
PO110 Intake air temperature 0 0
 Intake air temperature
circuits malfunction
sensor (built into mass
airflow meter
 ECM
 Open or short in engine
coolant temperature
Engine coolant
P0115 sensor 0 0
temperature circuit
 Engine coolant
malfunction
temperature
 ECM
Engine coolant
 Cooling system
PO116 temperature circuit 0 0
 Engine coolant
range/performance
temperature sensor
problem
Throttle/pedal
 Open or short in throttle
position
PO120 position sensor circuit 0 0
sensor/switch
 Throttle position sensor
“A”/circuit
malfunction  ECM
Throttle/pedal
position
PO121 sensor/switch “A” 0 0
 Throttle position sensor
circuit
range/performance
problem
PO125 Insufficient coolant  Open or short in heated 0 0
temperature for oxygen sensor (bank 1,2
closed loop fuel sensor 1) circuit
control  Heated oxygen sensor
(bank 1,2 sensor 1)
 Air induction system
 Fuel pressure
 Injector
28
 Gas leakage on exhaust

system
 ECM
 Open or short in heated
oxygen sensor circuit
Oxygen sensor circuit  Heated oxygen sensor 0 0
PO130
malfunction (Bank 1  Air induction system
sensor 1)  Fuel pressure
 Injector
 ECM
oxygen sensor circuit
Oxygen sensor circuit  Heated oxygen sensor
PO133 0 0
slow response (bank  Air induction system
1 sensor 1)  Fuel pressure
 Injector
 ECM
 Open or short in heater
circuit of heated oxygen
Oxygen sensor heater
PO135 sensor. 0 0
circuit malfunction
 Heated oxygen sensor
(bank 1 sensor 1)
heater
 ECM
Oxygen sensor circuit  Open or short in heated
PO136 0 0
malfunction (bank 1 oxygen sensor circuit
sensor 2)  Heated oxygen sensor
PO141  Same as DTC No. 0 0
circuit malfunction
PO135
(bank 1 sensor 2)
Oxygen sensor circuit
malfunction (bank 2
PO130
sensor 1)
Oxygen sensor circuit
slow response (bank
PO133
2 sensor 1)
circuit malfunction
PO135
(bank 2 sensor 1)
PO171 System too lean (fuel  Air induction system 0 0
trim)(bank 1)  Injector blockage
 Mass airflow meter
 Engine coolant
temperature sensor
 Fuel pressure
 Gas leakage on exhaust
system
oxygen sensor (bank 1
sensor 1) circuit
29

(bank 1 sensor 1)
 ECM
 Injector leak, blockage
 Mass airflow meter
 Engine coolant
temperature sensor
 Ignition system
 Fuel pressure
PO172 System too rich (fuel  Gas leakage on exhaust 0 0
trim)(bank 1) system
oxygen sensor (bank 1,
sensor 1) circuit
(bank 1, sensor 1)
 ECM
PO174 System too lean (fuel  Same as the DTC NO. 0 0
trim)(bank 2) PO171
PO175 System too rich (fuel  Same as DTC No. 0 0
trim)(bank 2) PO172
 Faulty spark plugs or
PO300 wires 0 0
Random misfire
 Faulty coil packs
 Bad O2 sensors
 Faulty spark plug for
cylinder 1
 Faulty cylinder 1 coil
pack
 Bad 02 sensors
 Bad fuel injector for
PO301 Misfire detected 0 0
cylinder 1
cylinder 1
 Burned exhaust valve
 Faulty catalytic
converter
 Fuel depravation
(running out of fuel or
blockage in the system)
PO302 Misfire detected  Faulty spark plug for 0 0
cylinder 2 cylinder 2
pack
 Bad 02 sensors
cylinder 2
converter
30
cylinder 3
pack
 Bad O2 sensors
cylinder 3
cylinder 3
converter
cylinder 4
pack
 Bad O2 sensors
cylinder 4
cylinder 4
converter
 Open or short in knock
Knock sensor 1 sensor circuit
PO325 0 0
circuit malfunction  Knock sensor
(bank 1) (looseness)
 ECM
 Open or short in
crankshaft position
Crankshaft position sensor circuit
PO335 0 0
sensor “A” circuit  Crankshaft position
malfunction sensor
 Crank angle sensor plate
 ECM
 Open or short in
camshaft position sensor
Camshaft position
PO340  Camshaft position 0 0
sensor circuit
sensor
malfunction
 Intake camshaft
 ECM
PO420 Catalyst system  Gas leakage on exhaust 0 0
efficiency below system
31

threshold (bank 1)  Three-way catalytic
converter
 Leaking or faulty gas
Evaporative emission
PO440 cap 0 0
control system
 Failed purge solenoid
malfunction
 Plugged canister
 Vacuum hose cracked,
holed, blocked damage
or disconnected
 Fuel tank cap incorrectly
installed
 Fuel tank cap cracked or
damaged
 Open or short in vapor
pressure sensor circuit
 Vapor pressure sensor
 Open or short in VSV
circuit for EVAP
Evaporative emission  VSP for EVAP
PO441 0 0
control system  Open or short in VSV
incorrect purge flow circuit for pressure
switching valve
 VSV for pressure
switching valve
 Fuel tank cracked or
damaged
 Charcoal canister
cracked, holed or
damaged
 Fuel tank overfill check
valve cracked or
damaged
 ECM
control system vent
PO441
control malfunction
Evaporative emission  Open or short in vapor
PO450 control system pressure sensor circuit 0 0
pressure sensor  Vapor pressure sensor
malfunction  ECM
control system
pressure sensor
PO450
range/performance
malfunction
 Combination meter
PO500 Vehicle speed sensor 0 0
 Open or short in vehicle
malfunction
speed sensor circuit
32
 Vehicle speed sensor

 ECM
 Open or short in IAC
valve circuit
 IAC valve is stocked or
PO505 Idle control system closed 0 0
malfunction  Open or short in A/C
switch circuit
 Air induction system
 ECM
*:0···MIL- lights up
MANUFACTURER CONTROLLED:
DTC NO.
(SEE DETECTION ITEM TROUBLE AREA MIL* MEMORY
PAGE)
 Ignition system
 Open or short in IGF
and IGT1 circuit from
Igniter circuit No.1 ignition coil with
P1300 0 0
malfunction (No.1) igniter to ECM
 No. 1 ignition coil with
igniter
 ECM
 Ignition system
Igniter circuit No.2 ignition coil with
P1305 0 0
malfunction (No. 2) igniter to ECM
 No.2 ignition coil with
igniter
 ECM
 Ignition system
P1310 Igniter circuit No.3 ignition coil with 0 0
igniter
 ECM
 Ignition system
P1315 Igniter circuit No.4 ignition coil with 0 0
igniter
 ECM
33
Crankshaft position
P1335 sensor circuit  Same as DTC No. - 0
malfunction (during PO335
engine running)
VVT
sensor/camshaft
 Mechanical system
P1346 position sensor 0 0
(jumping teeth of timing
circuit
chain, chain stretched)
range/performance
problem (bank 1)
 Valve timing
 OCV
P1349 VVT system
 VVT controller 0 0
malfunction (bank 1)
assembly
 ECM
 Open in back up power 0
P1600 ECM BATT 0
source circuit
malfunction
 ECM
 Body ECU
 A/CECU
 Vane pump assembly - -
P1645 Body ECU with motor
malfunction  ABSECU
 Combination meter
 Airbag sensor assembly
 Communication bus
 Open or short in OCV
P1656 OCV circuit circuit 0 0
malfunction (bank 1)  OCV
 ECM
*:0···MIL- lights up.–···MIL- does not light up.
3.6 QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH
Quantitative research is the process of collecting and analyzing numerical data. It can be used to
find patterns and averages, make predictions, test causal relationships, and generalize results to wider
populations. Quantitative research is the opposite of qualitative research, which involves collecting and
analyzing non-numerical data (e.g. text, video, or audio).
34
3.7 RESEARCH INSTRUMENT
A likert scale is a unidimensional scale that researchers use to collect respondent’s attitude and
opinions. Researchers often use this psychometric scale to understand the views and perspective towards a
brand, product, or target market. Different variations of likert scales are focused directly on measuring
people’s opinions, such as the Guttman scale, Bogardus scale, and Thurstone scale. Psychologist rensis
likert established a distinction between a scale that materializes from a collection of responses to a group of
items (maybe 8 or more). Responses are measured in a range of values.
When responding to a likert scale item, the user expresses their level of agreement or disagreement.
These scales allow in determining the level of agreement or disagreement of the respondents. The likert
scale assumes that the strength and intensity of the experience are linear. Therefore it goes from a complete
agreement to a complete disagreement, assuming that attitudes can be measured.
1 = Not Acceptable
2 = Slightly Acceptable
3 = Moderately Acceptable
4 = Highly Acceptable
5 = Very Highly Acceptable
Table 3.1 Shows the Evaluation Scale
RATING SCALE ADJECTIVAL RATING

1 Not Acceptable
2 Slightly Acceptable
3 Moderately Acceptable
4 Highly Acceptable
5 Very Highly Acceptable
35
DATA PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND FINDINGS
4.1 COMPLETED DESIGN
The illustration depicts a demonstration of monitoring device installation which
designed and developed the vehicles. As per the illustration it has OBD Port, Android
Tablet, Flexible Bracket and automobile for testing. The integration of network device
for vehicle engine performance monitoring is a monitoring device that is capable of
monitoring the condition of automobile engine. Auto mechanics or shop workers can use
this device to naturally locate the problem if there is malfunction of engine components.
The researchers put the monitoring device properly positioned on the dashboard so that
the driver or owner of the car is comfortable to check the condition of their automobile
engine by looking only in the android tablet.
It has three (3) materials needed in order to install the monitoring/network device;
1. OBD PORT
2. ANDROID TABLET
3. FLEXIBLE BRACKET
36
Figure 4.1 DEMO INSTALLATION OF PROTOTYPE
37
4.2 CERTAIN IMPLEMENTATION
Figure 4.2 DEVICE TESTING
38
Test Result Conducting on the Device
The Integration of Network Device for Vehicle Engine Performance Monitoring
has successfully reached the main goal of researcher’s expectations. During testing, the
device was effectively functioning in performing diagnostics of automobile engine. It
succeeded in determining what the current condition of the engine.
Materials needed in testing the device:
OBD ANDROID TABLET
TORQUE LITE APP FLEXIBLE BRACKET
AUTOMOBILE
39
4.3 ACCEPTABILITY OF THE DEVICE
was evaluated using quantitative statistics based on a systematic survey, observation, or
analysis of the subject, and measuring the data gathered from 15 respondents who were
given a survey questionnaire to rate the project in terms of functionality, aesthetics, cost
and effectiveness, portability, safety and durability. It specifies that the device is
suitable.
4.4 RESULTS AND FINDINGS
4.4.1 Functionality
The data in Table 4.1 indicates the respondent’s rating of the device that is
easy to use with a mean of 4.53. On the second parameter shown below has a mean
of 4.33, as to efficiency in disseminating information, while be lightweight and the
portable of the device has a mean of 4.27. As to the 4 t h Parameter that indicates
“the components are simply to identify” has a mean of 4.40 while the parameter
that indicates the usefulness of the products in all vehicles has a mean of 4.67.
40
TABLE 4.1 Mean responses in terms of Functionality
PARAMETER MEAN
The device is easy to use. 4.53
The device is efficient in

4.33
disseminating information.
The device is lightweight and

4.27
portable.
The components are simple to

4.40
identify.
The product is useful in all

4.67
vehicles.
4.4.2 Aesthetics
The data in Table 4.2 shows the five (5) parameters in terms of aesthetics.
The respondent’s rating as to the first parameter on whether the device is really
prepared has a mean of 4.53, while the second that indicates “the device is
properly installed” has a mean of 4.53. The data that indicates “the components of
the device are safety installed has a mean of 4.60, while the fourth that indicates
“all components are simple to comprehend" has a mean of 4.40 and the parameter
that indicates if the data is all pleasing appearance has a mean of 4.47.
TABLE 4.2 Mean responses in terms of Aesthetics

41
PARAMETER MEAN
The device is really prepared. 4.53
The device is properly installed. 4.53
The components of the devices

4.60
are safely installed.
All components are simple to

4.40
comprehend.
The device has a pleasing

4.47
appearance.
4.4.3 Cost and Effectiveness
The data in Table 4.3 shows the five (5) parameters in terms of cost and
effectiveness. The respondent’s rating on first parameter on whether the devices
parts can be bound at any auto parts store or on the online shop has a mean of
4.53, while the second that indicates “the devices parts are inexpensive” has a
mean of 4.53. The data that indicates “the device is made at a modest cost” has a
mean of 4.60, while the fourth that indicates “the output given is worth the total
cost of manufacturing” has a mean of 4.73 and the parameter that indicates if the
device can be set-up by instructors and students has a mean of 4.67.
42
TABLE 4.3 Mean responses in terms of Cost and Effectiveness
PARAMETER MEAN
The devices parts can be bound at
any auto parts store or on the 4.53
online shop.
The devices parts are inexpensive. 4.53
The device is made at a modest

4.60
cost.
The output given is worth the

4.73
total cost of manufacturing.
The device can be set-up by

4.67
instructors and students.
4.4.4 Portability
The data in Table 4.4 indicates the respondent’s response rating if the
device is simple to move from one location to another has a mean of 4.73, the
device is light or tiny enough to be readily carried and transported with a mean of
4.80, a vehicle of medium size can be fitted with the device with a mean of 4.47,
the device is manually turned on with a mean of 4.67, and there is a light indicator
on the device with a mean of 4.60.
TABLE 4.4 Mean responses in terms of Portability

43
PARAMETER MEAN
It is simple to move from one

4.73
location to another.
The device is light or tiny enough
to be readily carried and 4.80
transported.
A vehicle of medium size can be

4.47
fitted with the device.
The device is manually turned on. 4.67
There is a light indicator on the

4.60
device.
4.4.5 Safety
device has the ability to be operated both automatically and manually has a mean
of 4.60, the device is completely safe to use with a mean of 4.67, the device has
been designed and fitted correctly with a mean of 4.73, the components are
properly sealed with a mean of 4.80, and the devices components are properly
installed with a mean of 4.53.
TABLE 4.5 Mean responses in terms of Safety
44
PARAMETER MEAN
It has the ability to be operated

4.60
both automatically and manually.
The device is completely safe to

4.67
use.
The device has been designed and

4.73
fitted correctly.
The components are properly

4.80
sealed.
The devices components are

4.53
properly installed.
4.4.6 Durability
device has the right size to do its operation has a mean of 4.60, the operation of
device is durable with a mean of 4.67, the device is both practical and secure with
a mean of 4.73, it is a good device that is simple with a mean of 4.80, and the
device can easily respond with a mean of 4.80.
TABLE 4.6 Mean responses in terms of Durability
45
PARAMETER MEAN
The device is the right size to do

4.60
its operation.
The operation of device is

4.67
durable.
The device is both practical and

4.73
secure.
It is a good device that is simple. 4.80
The device can easily respond. 4.80
SUMMARY, FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

46
This chapter contains a summary of the study’s findings, conclusions, and
recommendations.
5.1 SUMMARY
was investigated in this study. The researchers wanted to see if the said project will be
effective for future usage. The following questions were investigated in this study: 1.)
What should be taken into account when building and constructing an integration of
network device for vehicle engine monitoring 2.) What elements, components, and
specifications are required to create an integration of network device for vehicle engine
performance monitoring? 3.) What are the function and effects of this innovation? 4.)
What needed? And 5.) What can we offer? What impressions and feedback did the
respondents perceived in terms of Functionality, Aesthetics, Portability, Cost and
Effectiveness, Safety, and Durability.
The descriptive research design was used in this study to show the device of
integration of network device for vehicle engine performance monitoring. As shown in
this paper, the components that are needed to completely install the device are only
three, which are the OBD, Android Tablet, and Flexible Bracket. In terms of
Functionality, Aesthetics, Portability, Cost Effectiveness, Safety, and Durability that was
reviewed by students from the University of Science and Technology of Southern
Philippines and random car owners. It signifies that the device’s function and operation
are satisfactory to the respondents.
5.2 COCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS
47
Based on the average mean score of 4.44 in terms of Functionality, 4.51 in terms
of Aesthetics, 4.55 in terms of Cost and Effectiveness, 4.67 in terms of Portability, 4.74
in terms of Safety, and 4.71 in terms of Durability from a six-questions evaluation for
each criterion. The evaluation’s overall average result is 4.60; it denotes a successful
research project. The integration of network device for vehicle engine performance
monitoring has been evaluated and tested, and the results show that the device can be
operated manually. It claims that the device is suitable for troubleshooting automobile
engines which is particularly crucial for those drivers who lack fundamental knowledge
of their vehicle’s engine.
5.3 RECOMMENDATIONS
The research project contains flaws and limits in various areas. This provides an
opportunity for the initiative to expand in the next years. The following are the
suggestions for improving the study.
1. Enhancing the quality and nature of the said project.
2. More study of different types and model of network device for vehicle engine
performance monitoring.
3. A study to build methodology for selecting the optimal moment to discover an -
other form of monitoring device based on the findings of this research.
APPENDIX A
48
A. SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRE
Direction: Shown below is the Integration of Network Device for Vehicle Engine
Performance Monitoring. Rate its Functionality, Aesthetics, Cost and Effectiveness,
Portability, Safety, and Durability by checking the appropriate column of your choice.
1 – NOT ACCEPTABLE
2 – SLIGHTLY ACCEPTABLE
3 – MODERATELY ACCEPTABLE
4 – HIGHLY ACCEPTABLE
5 – VERY HIGHLY ACCEPTABLE
1 2 3 4 5
I. FUNCT IO NAL IT Y
1. The device is easy to use.
2. The device is efficient in disseminating information.
3. The device is lightweight and portable.
4. The components are simple to identify.
5. The product is useful in all vehicles.
1 2 3 4 5
49
II. AESTHETICS
1. The device is really prepared.
2. The device has properly installed.
3. The components of the devices are safely installed.
4. All components are simple to comprehend.
5. The device has a pleasing appearance.
1 2 3 4 5
III. COST AND EFFECTIVENESS
1. The devices parts can be bound at any auto parts
store or on the online shop.
2. The devices parts are inexpensive.
3. The device is made at a modest cost.
4. The output given is worth the total cost of manufac-
turing.
5. The device can be set-up by instructors and students.
1 2 3 4 5
50
IV. PORTABILITY
1. It is simple to move from one location to another.
2. The device is light or tiny enough to be readily car-
ried and transported.
3. A vehicle of medium size can be fitted with the de-
vice.
4. The device is manually turned on.
5. There is a light indicator on the device.
1 2 3 4 5
V. SAFETY
1. It has the ability to be operated both automatically
and manually.
2. The device is completely safe to use.
3. The device has been designed and fitted correctly.
4. The components are properly sealed.
5. The devices components are properly installed.
1 2 3 4 5
51
IV. DURABILITY
1. The device is the right size to do its operation.
2. The operation of device is durable.
3. The device is both practical and secure.
4. It is a good device that is simple.
5. The device can easily respond.
B. DATA PRESENTATIONS, ANALYSIS AND FINDINGS
Table 1.B: Detailed feedback on the evaluation of Integration of Network Device for
Vehicle Engine Performance Monitoring in terms of functionality.
FUNCTIONALITY MEAN SD
The device is easy to
4.53 0.64
use.
The device is efficient in
disseminating 4.33 0.72
information.
The device is lightweight
4.27 0.70
and portable.
The components are
4.40 0.74
simple to identify.
The product is useful in
4.67 0.49
all vehicles.
52
The data in Table 1.B indicates the respondent’s rating of the device that is easy to use
with a mean of 4.53. On the second parameter shown below has a mean of 4.33, as to
efficiency in disseminating information, while be lightweight and the portable of the
device has a mean of 4.27. As to the 4 t h Parameter that indicates “the components are
simply to identify” has a mean of 4.40 while the parameter that indicates the usefulness
of the products in all vehicles has a mean of 4.67.
Vehicle Engine Performance Monitoring in terms of aesthetics .
AESTHETICS MEAN SD
The device is really
4.53 0.52
prepared.
The device is properly
4.53 0.64
installed.
The components of the
devices are safely 4.60 0.51
installed.
All components are
4.40 0.63
simple to comprehend.
The device has a
4.47 0.74
pleasing appearance.
The data in Table 2.B shows the five (5) parameters in terms of aesthetics. The
respondent’s rating as to the first parameter on whether the device is really prepared has
a mean of 4.53, while the second that indicates “the device is properly installed” has a
mean of 4.53. The data that indicates “the components of the device are safety installed
has a mean of 4.60, while the fourth that indicates “all components are simple to
comprehend" has a mean of 4.40 and the parameter that indicates if the data is all
pleasing appearance has a mean of 4.47. The parameter that indicates the usefulness of
the products in all vehicles has a mean of 4.67.
53
Vehicle Engine Performance Monitoring in terms of cost and effectiveness.
COST AND
MEAN SD
EFFECTIVENESS
The devices parts can be
bound at any auto parts
4.53 0.64
store or on the online
shop.
The devices parts are
4.53 0.74
inexpensive.
The device is made at a
4.60 0.63
modest cost.
The output given is
worth the total cost of 4.73 0.46
manufacturing.
The device can be set-up
by instructors and 4.67 0.49
students.
The data in Table 3.B shows the five (5) parameters in terms of cost and effectiveness.
The respondent’s rating on first parameter on whether the devices parts can be bound at
any auto parts store or on the online shop has a mean of 4.53, while the second that
indicates “the devices parts are inexpensive” has a mean of 4.53. The data that indicates
“the device is made at a modest cost” has a mean of 4.60, while the fourth that indicates
“the output given is worth the total cost of manufacturing” has a mean of 4.73 and the
parameter that indicates if the device can be set-up by instructors and students has a
mean of 4.67
54
Vehicle Engine Performance Monitoring in terms of portabilit y.
PORTABILITY MEAN SD
It is simple to move from
4.73 0.46
one location to another.
The device is light or
tiny enough to be readily 4.80 0.41
carried and transported.
A vehicle of medium size
can be fitted with the 4.47 0.52
device.
The device is manually
4.67 0.49
turned on.
There is a light indicator
4.60 0.63
on the device.
The data in Table 4.B indicates the respondent’s response rating if the device is simple
to move from one location to another has a mean of 4.73, the device is light or tiny
enough to be readily carried and transported with a mean of 4.80, a vehicle of medium
size can be fitted with the device with a mean of 4.47, the device is manually turned on
with a mean of 4.67, and there is a light indicator on the device with a mean of 4.60.
55
Vehicle Engine Performance Monitoring in terms of safety.
SAFETY MEAN SD
It has the ability to be
operated both
4.60 0.51
automatically and
manually.
The device is completely
4.67 0.49
safe to use.
The device has been
designed and fitted 4.73 0.59
correctly.
The components are
4.80 0.56
properly sealed.
The devices components
4.53 0.64
are properly installed.
The data in Table 5.B indicates the respondent’s response rating if the device has the
ability to be operated both automatically and manually has a mean of 4.60, the device is
completely safe to use with a mean of 4.67, the device has been designed and fitted
correctly with a mean of 4.73, the components are properly sealed with a mean of 4.80,
and the devices components are properly installed with a mean of 4.53.
56
Vehicle Engine Performance Monitoring in terms of durability
DURABILITY MEAN SD
The device is the right
4.60 0.51
size to do its operation.
The operation of device
4.67 0.49
is durable.
The device is both
4.73 0.46
practical and secure.
It is a good device that is
4.80 0.41
simple.
The device can easily
4.80 0.41
respond.
The data in Table 6.B indicates the respondent’s response rating if the device has the
right size to do its operation has a mean of 4.60, the operation of device is durable with
a mean of 4.67, the device is both practical and secure with a mean of 4.73, it is a good
device that is simple with a mean of 4.80, and the device can easily respond with a mean
of 4.80.
57
APPENDIX B
Bill of Materials
Materials
Quantity Unit Name and Description Unit cost Total cost
2 pcs On-Board Diagnostics P189 P189

(OBD)
1 pc P1,530 P1,530
Android Tablet
1 pc P300 P300
Flexible Bracket
Other Materials
Quantity Unit Name and Description Unit cost Total cost
GCASH P1,500 P1,500

Statistician
GCASH P800 P800

Proofreading
Overall Total
Materials P2,019.00
Other Materials P2,300.00
Grand Total P4,319.00
58
Equipments
Name and Descrip -

Picture Uses
tion
The OBD port is a

universal connector
that mechanics can
On-Board Diagnos - use to tap into a ve -
tics hicle’s computer for
(OBD) running all sorts of
tests and diagnos -
tics.
An android tablet is
a touch screen, mo -
bile device that runs
Android Tablet some version of the
android operating
system on it.
Torque lite app can

see what your car is
doing in real time;
get fault codes, sen -
Torque lite app sor data and more.
Can help you fix
your car and helps
keep car repair
costs down.
An overhanging
member that
projects from a
structure (such as
wall) and is usually
designed to support
a vertical load or to
Flexible Bracket strengthen an angle.
A fixture (as hold -
ing a lamp) project -
ing from a wall or
column.
Automobile, by
name auto, also
Automobile called motorcar or
car, a usually four-
59
wheeled vehicle de -
signed primarily for
passenger trans -
portation and com -
monly propelled by
an internal-combus -
tion engine using a
volatile fuel.
CURRICULUM VITAE OF THE RESEARCHERS
60
A. Personal Data
Name: Maria Theresa C. Genon
Date of Birth: July 19, 2000
Place of Birth: Don Carlos Bukidnon
Status: Single
Religion: Catholic
Parents: Mr. Christopher P. Genon
Mrs. Sorajaida C. Genon
B. Educational Attainment
College: University of Science and Technology of Southern Philippines C.M. Recto

avenue, Lapasan CDO
Secondary:
Junior High: Kitaotao National High School
Senior High: Iponan National High School
Elementary: Don Carlos Central Elementary School
A. Personal Data
61
Name: King Cyrus A. Bacas
Date of Birth: January 10, 1994
Place of Birth: Cagayan de Oro City
Status: Single
Religion: Catholic
Parents: Mr. Renato A. Bacas
Mrs. Mary Grace A. Bacas
avenue, Lapasan CDO
Secondary: Misamis Oriental General Comprehensive High School
Elementary: Camp Evangelista Elementary School
A. Personal Data
62
Name: Jerry Boy M. Gallego
Date of Birth: June 05, 1993
Place of Birth: Siguinan, Sangali,
Zamboanga City
Status: Married
Religion: Cristian Foursquare Gospel Church
Parents: Mr. Geronimo P. Gallego
Mrs. Pilar M. Gallego
avenue, Lapasan CDO
Secondary: Kinawe National High School
Elementary: Dona Pilar Elementary School
A. Personal Data
63
Name: Reymond A. Ponce
Date of Birth: September 08, 1993
Status: Single
Religion: Catholic
Parents: Mr. Wilfredo D. Ponce
Mrs. Teodula A. Ponce
avenue, Lapasan CDO
Secondary: Macabalan National High School
Elementary: Macabalan Elementary School
A. Personal Data
64
Name: Louie B. Rementizo
Date of Birth: September 02, 1996
Status: Single
Religion: Catholic
Parents: Mr. Edgardo A. Rementizo
Mrs. Alma B. Rementizo
avenue, Lapasan CDO
Secondary: Mambajao National High School
Elementary: Mambajao Central School
BIBLIOGRAPHY
65
Alex Muir (2011) How a car works, The Engine
Carla Di Cairano-Gilfedder, Chong Chen, Scott Titmus, Xianfang Sun, and Ying Liu
(2019) Automobile maintenance prediction using deep learning with GIS data
Indian J Occup Environ Med (2014, Jan-April) A study on morbidity among automobile
service and repair workers in an urban area of South India
Nathalie Walker (SDIWC), (2016, February) Proceedings of the second international
conference on electrical and electronic engineering, telecommunication engineering, and
mechatronics, Manila Philippines, 2016
Northeast Auto Service (2017, April 7) Early Diagnosis of Engine Problems is important
Rockwell Automation, Fiix, Predictive maintenance (benefits and examples)
Robert Kuhn SAE International , Engine failure investigation and analysis C1344
Uferah Shafi (2018, Jan 18) Vehicle Remote Health Monitoring and Prognostic
Maintenance System
66

Thesis-1 2 3

Uploaded by

Document Informationclick to expand document information

Copyright:

Available Formats

Thesis-1 2 3

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Thesis-1 2 3

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

University of Science and Technology of Southern Philippines

Alubijid │Cagayane de Oro │Claveria │Jasaan │Panaon │Oroquieta

INTEGRATION OF NETWORK DEVICE FOR VEHICLE ENGINE PERFORMANCE

The Faculty Department of Autotronics

of the Requirements for the Degree

Bachelor of Science in Autotronics (BSAT)

Genon, Maria Theresa C.

Bacas, King Cyrus A.

Gallego, Jerry Boy M.

JOHN HUSS E. TONGCO

JOE VANE N. ANTIFUESTO, LPT

ARNELO D. NAELGA, MTTE

RUVEL J. CUASITO SR., PECE

Keywords: On-Board Diagnostics (OBD), Diagnostics Trouble Codes (DTC).

to successfully conclude our research.

ongoing support in helping us finish this project.

TABLE OF CONTENTS v-ix

LIST OF TABLES viii

1.1 Background of the Study 10-13

1.2 Conceptual Framework 14

1.3 Objectives of the Study 15

1.4 Statement of the Problem 15

1.5 Research Questions 16

1.6 Significance of the Study 16

1.7 Scope and limitation of the Study 16

1.8 Definition of Terms 17

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE 18-21

3.1 Respondents of the Study 22

3.2 Research Location 22

3.3 Research Data Analysis 22-23

3.4 Research Design 23-24

3.5 Research Development 24-34

3.6 Quantitative Research 34

3.7 Research Instrument 35

DATA PRESENTATIO, ANALYSIS, AND FINDINGS

4.1 Completed Design 36-37

4.2 Certain Implementation 38-39

4.3 Acceptability of the Device 40

4.4 Results and Findings 40-46

SUMMARY, FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

5.2 Conclusions and Implications 48

A. Survey Questionnaire 49-52

B. Data Presentations, Analysis and Findings 52-57

Bill of Materials 58-60

CURRICULUM VITAE 61-65

Table 3.1 Shows the Evaluation Scale 35

Table 4.1 Mean responses in terms of Functionality 41

Table 4.2 Mean responses in terms of Aesthetics 42

Table 4.3 Mean responses in terms of Cost and Effectiveness 43

Table 4.4 Mean responses in terms of Portability 44

Table 4.5 Mean responses in terms of Safety 45

Table 4.6 Mean responses in terms of Durability 46

Table 1.B Evaluation of Integration of Network Device for Vehicle

Engine Performance Monitoring in terms of Functionality 52

Table 2.B Evaluation of Integration of Network Device for Vehicle

Engine Performance Monitoring in terms of Aesthetics 53

Table 3.B Evaluation of Integration of Network Device for Vehicle

Engine Performance Monitoring in terms of Cost and Effectiveness 54