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Lesson 1.5 Algebra - Variables and Expressions

The document provides examples and exercises on evaluating algebraic expressions involving variables. It introduces key concepts such as a variable representing a number, and algebraic expressions combining variables, numbers, and operations. Examples show evaluating expressions by substituting values for variables. Exercises provide additional practice evaluating expressions with given variable values.

Uploaded by

Greg SJ
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© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
224 views

Lesson 1.5 Algebra - Variables and Expressions

The document provides examples and exercises on evaluating algebraic expressions involving variables. It introduces key concepts such as a variable representing a number, and algebraic expressions combining variables, numbers, and operations. Examples show evaluating expressions by substituting values for variables. Exercises provide additional practice evaluating expressions with given variable values.

Uploaded by

Greg SJ
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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NAME ________________________________________ DATE ______________ PERIOD _____

1-5 Study Guide and Intervention


Algebra: Variables and Expressions
• A variable is a symbol, usually a letter, used to represent a number.
• Multiplication in algebra can be shown as 4n, 4 ⭈ n, or 4 ⫻ n.
• Algebraic expressions are combinations of variables, numbers, and at least one operation.

Example 1 Evaluate 35 ⴙ x if x ⴝ 6.

35 ⫹ x ⫽ 35 ⫹ 6 Replace x with 6.
⫽ 41 Add 35 and 6.

Example 2 Evaluate y ⴙ x if x ⴝ 21 and y ⴝ 35.

y ⫹ x ⫽ 35 ⫹ 21 Replace x with 21 and y with 35.


⫽ 56 Add 35 and 21.

Example 3 Evaluate 4n ⴙ 3 if n ⴝ 2.

4n ⫹ 3 ⫽ 4 ⫻ 2 ⫹ 3 Replace n with 2.
⫽8⫹3 Find the product of 4 and 2.
⫽ 11 Add 8 and 3.

Example 4 Evaluate 4n ⴚ 2 if n ⴝ 5.

4n ⫺ 2 ⫽ 4 ⫻ 5 ⫺ 2 Replace n with 5.
⫽ 20 ⫺ 2 Find the product of 4 and 5.
⫽ 18 Subtract 2 from 20.

Exercises
Evaluate each expression if y ⴝ 4.
1. 3 ⫹ y 2. y ⫹ 8 3. 4 ⫻ y

4. 9y 5. 15y 6. 300y

7. y2 8. y2 ⫹ 18 9. y2 ⫹ 3 ⫻ 7

Evaluate each expression if m ⴝ 3 and k ⴝ 10.


10. 16 ⫹ m 11. 4k 12. m ⫻ k

13. m ⫹ k 14. 7m ⫹ k 15. 6k ⫹ m

16. 3k ⫺ 4m 17. 2mk 18. 5k ⫺ 6m

19. 20m ⫼ k 20. m3 ⫹ 2k2 21. k2 ⫼ (2 ⫹ m)

17
Chapter 1 Year 7 Mathematics
NAME ________________________________________ DATE ______________ PERIOD _____

1-5 Practice
Algebra: Variables and Expressions
Evaluate each expression if m ⴝ 6 and n ⴝ 12.
1. m ⫹ 5 2. n ⫺ 7 3. m · 4 4. m ⫹ n

5. n ⫺ m 6. 12 ⫼ n 7. 9 · n 8. n ⫼ m

9. 2m ⫹ 5 10. 4m ⫺ 17 11. 36 ⫺ 6m 12. 3n ⫹ 8

Evaluate each expression if a ⴝ 9, b ⴝ 3, and c ⴝ 12.


13. 4a ⫺ 17 14. 14 ⫹ 2c 15. c ⫼ 2

16. ac 17. c ⫼ b 18. 2ac

19. b3 ⫹ c 20. 19 ⫹ 6a ⫼ 2 21. 4b2 ⭈ 3

22. 3c ⫼ (2b2) 23. c2 ⫺ (3a) 24. ac ⫼ (2b)

25. ANIMALS A Gentoo penguin can swim at a rate of 17 miles per hour. How
many miles can a penguin swim in 4 hours? Use the expression rt, where
r represents rate and t represents time.

26. CLOTHING A company charges $6 to make a pattern for an order of


T-shirts and $11 for each T-shirt it produces from the pattern. The
expression $11n ⫹ $6 represents the cost of n T-shirts with the same
pattern. Find the total cost for 5 T-shirts with the same pattern.

18
Chapter 1 Year 7 Mathematics
NAME ________________________________________ DATE ______________ PERIOD _____

1-5 Skills Practice


Algebra: Variables and Expressions
Complete the table.

Algebraic Expressions Variables Numbers Operations

1. 5d ⫹ 2c ? ? ?

2. 5w ⫺ 4y ⫹ 2s ? ? ?

3. xy ⫼ 4 ⫹ 3m ⫺ 6 ? ? ?

Evaluate each expression if a ⴝ 3 and b ⴝ 4.


4. 10 ⫹ b 5. 2a ⫹ 8 6. 4b ⫺ 5a

7. a ⫻ b 8. 7a ⫻ 9b 9. 8a ⫺ 9

10. b ⫻ 22 11. a2 ⫹ 1 12. 18 ⫼ 2a

13. a2 ⫻ b2 14. ab ⫼ 3 15. 15a ⫺ 4b

16. ab ⫹ 7 ⫻ 11 17. 36 ⫼ 6a 18. 7a ⫹ 8b ⫻ 2

Evaluate each expression if x ⴝ 7, y ⴝ 15, and z ⴝ 8.


19. x ⫹ y ⫹ z 20. x ⫹ 2z 21. xz ⫹ 3y

22. 4x ⫺ 3z 23. z2 ⫼ 4 24. 6z ⫺ 5z

25. 9y ⫼ (2x ⫹ 1) 26. 15y ⫹ x2 27. y2 ⫹ 4 ⫻ 6

28. y2 ⫺ 2x2 29. x2 ⫹ 30 ⫺ 18 30. 13y ⫺ zx ⫼ 4

31. xz ⫺ 2y ⫹ 8 32. z2 ⫹ 5y ⫺ 20 33. 3y ⫻ 40x ⫺ 1,000

19
Chapter 1 Year 7 Mathematics
NAME ________________________________________ DATE ______________ PERIOD _____

1-5 Word Problem Practice


Algebra: Variables and Expressions
TRAVEL For Exercises 1 and 2, use the table that shows the distance
between cities in Arizona.
Arizona Mileage Chart
Flagstaff Phoenix Tucson Nogales
Phoenix 136 miles 117 miles 181 miles
Tucson 253 miles 117 miles 64 miles
Nogales 317 miles 181 miles 64 miles

1. To find the speed of a car, use the 2. To find the time it will take for a
expression d ⫼ t where d represents the bicyclist to travel from Nogales to
distance and t represents time. Find d
Tucson, use the expression ᎏᎏ where d
s
the speed of a car that travels from
represents distance and s represents
Phoenix to Flagstaff in 2 hours.
speed. Find the time if the bicyclist
travels at a speed of 16 miles per hour.

3. PERIMETER The ᐉ 4. PERIMETER Another formula for


perimeter of a perimeter is 2(ᐉ ⫹ w). Find the
rectangle can be w perimeter of the rectangle in Exercise 3
found using the using this formula. How do the answers
formula 2ᐉ ⫹ 2w, compare? Explain how you used order
where ᐉ represents the length and w of operations using this formula.
represents the width. Find the
perimeter if ᐉ ⫽ 6 units and w ⫽ 3
units.

5. SHOPPING Write an expression using a 6. SHOPPING Write an expression using


variable that shows how much 3 pairs variables to show how much 3 plain
of jeans will cost if you do not know the T-shirts and 2 printed T-shirts will cost,
price of the jeans. Assume each pair assuming that the prices of plain and
costs the same amount. printed T-shirts are not the same.

20
Chapter 1 Year 7 Mathematics

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