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    Unit II - Beams-Loads and Stresses

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    Monesh kumar
    A beam is a structural member that is supported at its ends and subjected to transverse loads. The main types of beams include cantilever, simply supported, overhanging, fixed, and continuous beams. Shear forces and bending moments in beams depend on the type and location of applied loads. Stresses in beams can be calculated using the bending formula, and depend on the bending moment, moment of inertia of the cross-section, and distance from the neutral axis. Shear force and bending moment diagrams are useful for visualizing the internal forces in beams under different loading conditions.

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    Unit II - Beams-Loads and Stresses

    Uploaded by

    Monesh kumar
    24 views60 pages
    A beam is a structural member that is supported at its ends and subjected to transverse loads. The main types of beams include cantilever, simply supported, overhanging, fixed, and continuous beams. Shear forces and bending moments in beams depend on the type and location of applied loads. Stresses in beams can be calculated using the bending formula, and depend on the bending moment, moment of inertia of the cross-section, and distance from the neutral axis. Shear force and bending moment diagrams are useful for visualizing the internal forces in beams under different loading conditions.

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    A beam is a structural member that is supported at its ends and subjected to transverse loads. The main types of beams include cantilever, simply supported, overhanging, fixed, and continuous beams. Shear forces and bending moments in beams depend on the type and location of applied loads. Stresses in beams can be calculated using the bending formula, and depend on the bending moment, moment of inertia of the cross-section, and distance from the neutral axis. Shear force and bending moment diagrams are useful for visualizing the internal forces in beams under different loading conditions.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    24 views60 pages

    Unit II - Beams-Loads and Stresses

    Uploaded by

    Monesh kumar
    A beam is a structural member that is supported at its ends and subjected to transverse loads. The main types of beams include cantilever, simply supported, overhanging, fixed, and continuous beams. Shear forces and bending moments in beams depend on the type and location of applied loads. Stresses in beams can be calculated using the bending formula, and depend on the bending moment, moment of inertia of the cross-section, and distance from the neutral axis. Shear force and bending moment diagrams are useful for visualizing the internal forces in beams under different loading conditions.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 60

    UNIT 2: BEAMS – Loads & Stresses

    Beam: is a structural member subjected to a system of external forces


    at right angles to its axis. OR

    Beam is a structural member which is supported along the length and


    subjected to external forces or loads acting transversely, that is,
    perpendicular to the centre line.
    “A load which is acting vertically downward on the horizontal
    beam is called transverse load.
    Beam Types

    Types of Beams:
    • Cantilever beam
    • Simply supported beam
    • Overhanging beam
    • Fixed beam
    • Continuous beam
    Beam Types continue…

    (a)Cantilever : fixed or built-in at one end while it’s other end is free
    Cantilever Beam
    Simply Supported Beam

    Freely or Simply Supported Beam: the ends of a beam are made to freely rest on
    supports.
    Simply Supported Beam continue..
    Fixed Beam

    Fixed Beam: is fixed at both ends


    Fixed Beam continue..
    Cantilever Beam continue..

    7/27/11
    Continuous Beam

    Continues Beam: a beam which is provided with more than two


    supports
    Cantilever Beam
    Continuous Beam continue..
    Overhanging Beam

    Overhanging Beam: a beam which has part of the loaded beam


    extends outside the supports.
    Types of Loads

    Concentrated Load:
    Types of Loads

    Uniformly Distributed Load: UDL


    Types of Loads

    Uniformly Varying Load: UDL


    Shear force and Bending Moment
    Definition: Shear Force at a cross-section of a
    beam is the unbalanced external force to the
    left or right of the section that are perpendicular
    to the axis of the beam.

    Definition: Bending moment at a cross-section of a beam


    is the unbalanced moment of all external force to the left or
    right of the section, the moments being taken about an axis
    through the centroid of the section.
    SHEARING FORCES (S.F.)

    Shearing force at the section is defined as the


    algebraic sum of the forces taken on one side of the
    section
    BENDING MOMENT (B.M.)

    Bending moment is defined as the algebraic sum of


    the moments of the forces about the section, taken on
    either sides of the section.

    Sagging bending moment, Hogging bending moment,


    Concave shape Convex shape
    STRESSES IN BEAMS

    Assumption for the Simple Bending Theory


    1. The beam is initially straight and unstressed.
    2. The material is homogeneous, same density and elastic
    properties. The elastic limit is nowhere exceeded.
    3. Young’s modulus for the materials is the same in tension
    and compression.
    4. Plane cross–section remains plane before and after
    bending.
    7/27/11
    7/27/11
    7/27/11
    M  E
     
    I y R

    M - Applied Bending Moment - N.mm


    I - Property of Cross-Sectional Area - mm4
     - Stress due to M - N/mm2 or MPa
    y - Distance from the Neutral Axis - mm
    E - Young’s Modulus of Beam Material - N/mm2 or MPa
    R - Radius of Curvature due to Mxz - mm
    Cross section of beams

    Simple Shapes
    h = 50 mm

    b = 40 mm
    Calculate the moment of inertia of the cross section
    Calculate the moment of inertia of the cross section
     Draw the bending moment and shear force diagrams for the
    cantilever beam shown below. Also find the maximum bending
    stress taking cross section of the beam as rectangle of width 100
    mm and height 150 mm.
    Cross section

    150 mm

    100 mm
    Shear force diagram and bending moment diagram
     The simply supported beam shown below carries two concentrated
    loads and a uniformly distributed load. Draw the SFD and BMD. Also
    find the maximum bending stress for the given cross section
    Shear force diagram and bending moment diagram
    A simply supported beam AB of 6m span is loaded as shown in figure
    below. Draw the shear force and bending moment diagrams
    Shear force diagram and bending moment diagram
    Draw shear force and bending moment diagram for the beam shown in
    the figure
    Shear force diagram and bending moment diagram
     Draw the bending moment and shear force diagrams for the
    overhanging beam shown in the figure. Clearly indicate the point of
    contraflexure
     Shear force diagram and bending moment diagram
     Draw the bending moment and shear force diagrams for the beam
    shown in figure. Indicate the salient values on the diagrams.
     Shear force diagram and bending moment diagram
    100mm

    50mm

    200mm

    50mm

    50mm

    200mm
    150mm

    10mm

    200mm

    10mm

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