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    Some SQL Statements

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    Desyilal
    This document provides an overview of common SQL statements used to create and manipulate databases and tables. It describes how to create databases and tables, insert, update, delete and select data, add or drop columns, perform joins between tables, order query results, and use aggregate functions. Examples are given for each statement type to illustrate their syntax and usage.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Some SQL Statements

    Uploaded by

    Desyilal
    24 views7 pages
    This document provides an overview of common SQL statements used to create and manipulate databases and tables. It describes how to create databases and tables, insert, update, delete and select data, add or drop columns, perform joins between tables, order query results, and use aggregate functions. Examples are given for each statement type to illustrate their syntax and usage.

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    © © All Rights Reserved

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    This document provides an overview of common SQL statements used to create and manipulate databases and tables. It describes how to create databases and tables, insert, update, delete and select data, add or drop columns, perform joins between tables, order query results, and use aggregate functions. Examples are given for each statement type to illustrate their syntax and usage.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    24 views7 pages

    Some SQL Statements

    Uploaded by

    Desyilal
    This document provides an overview of common SQL statements used to create and manipulate databases and tables. It describes how to create databases and tables, insert, update, delete and select data, add or drop columns, perform joins between tables, order query results, and use aggregate functions. Examples are given for each statement type to illustrate their syntax and usage.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
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    SQL statements

    Create : database and table


    1. Create database dbname;
    2. Create table tbname(attributes datatype size, att2 datatype size)
    Example: Creating the database
    CREATE DATABASE dbname
    Creating the tables
    CREATE TABLE Employee (
    empId int (7) NOT NULL,
    name varchar (30) NOT NULL,
    sex char (1) NOT NULL,
    bDate datetime NULL,
    address varchar (50) NULL,
    empDate datetime NULL,
    position varchar (20) NULL,
    salary float NULL
    • insert
    INSERT INTO <table_name>| <view_name> [(column_list)] data_values
    Insert into employee values(1,’xx’,’f’,………….2000)
    • Update
    UPDATE Emplyees SET name=‘BBB', empDate='1-1-2001'
    WHERE empID= 1
    • Delete
    DELETE FROM [Emplyees]
    WHERE [empID] = 1
    • Select
    • All Data
    SELECT [empId], [name], [sex], [bDate], [address], [empDate], [position], [salary]
    FROM [Emplyees]
    {SELECT * FROM [Emplyees]}

    • Single Data
    SELECT [empId], [name], [sex], [bDate], [address], [empDate], [position], [salary]
    FROM [Emplyees]
    WHERE [empId] = 1
    Adding a Column to the Table
    • ALTER TABLE table name ADD column name datatype;
    • E.g. alter table employee add phonenumber int
    Insert values into new attribute
    • Update employee set phonenumber=097868999 where empid=25
    Deleting the Column of the Table
    ALTER table tablename DROP COLUMN column name;
    Eg. Alter table employee DROP age
    Joined Tables
    • Reading data from more than one table
    INNER JOIN
    • INNER JOIN selects records that have matching values in both tables.
    Eg. Select empname, depname
    From employee inner join department on
    employee.depid=department.depid
    • LEFT JOIN
    • LEFT JOIN selects records from the left table that match records in the
    right table. (inner join + any additional information about left table
    records)
    Eg. Select empname, depname
    From employee left join department on mployee.depid=department.depid
    • RIGHT JOIN
    • RIGHT JOIN selects records from the right table that match records in the
    left table.(inner join + any additional information about right table records)
    Eg. Select empname, depname
    From employee right join department on mployee.depid=department.depid
    Ordering Query Results
    • Syntax:
    SELECT <column_list>
    FROM <table_list>
    WHERE <condition>
    ORDER BY {<order_column> [ASC | DESC]}[,..n]
    e.g select * from employee where sex='f' order by fname ASC
    Aggregate Function in SQL
    SUM
    • SUM returns the total sum of a numeric column.
    Eg. Select SUM(age) from employee
    AVG
    • AVG returns the average value of a numeric column.
    Eg. Select AVG(age) from employee
    MIN
    • MIN returns the minimum value of a numeric column
    Eg. Select MIN(age) from employee
    MAX
    • MAX returns the maximum value of a numeric column.
    Eg. Select MAX(age) from employee
    COUNT
    • COUNT returns the number of rows that match the specified criteria
    Eg. Select COUNT(*) from employee

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