INTRODUCTION

*« School is such a place where a child starts his real development. It provides an
environment where the future mankind is shaped.

School is child's first institution which is responsible for shaping his character
&

building his future. It gives society a civilized person, a more sensitive &
competent citizen.

School provides an access to the latest technology and thoughts.

A Residential School is one where students stay in the hostels and pursue their
studies. They live in with fellow students.

Some schools offer residence as an option for outstation students while in some
others, availing the residence facilities of the school is compulsory.

Residential schools essentially provide food and ladging for a specific fee. Varied
number of students share rooms or dormitories and remain under the guidance of
house master or house mistress or matron.

It is essential that the built environment of the school should be conducive for

learning. Design should enhance the environment which support the creative skills
of a
child.

1.1 AIM

* To design a school which will provide good built enviranment with a blend of
cluster and courtyard planning and merging the built form with open space and
landscape for a soothing environment with spatial configurations and interaction
spaces to match the scale of a growing child.

« To incorporate the Energy Efficient and Cost Effective Construction Techniques by

using Appropriate Bullding Materials and Techniques and by using recycled

material to achieve economy in Initial construction and maintenance costs.

THESIS | INTERNATIONAL RESIDENTIAL SCHOOL | Satie

1.2 METHODOLOGY

With the growing population, the school construction is essential In every part of
the world, But due to high construction costs and depletion of natural resources,

there is need to incorporate cost effective and Innovative technologies.

Building orientation and the form depends upon the climatology which enhances the
energy efficiency of the building.

The idea was that an inspiring building does not have to be expensive and that

innovative materials, colour and texture can generate a built quality that would
actually change human behaviour.

1.3 COST EFFECTIVE APPROACH

* Cost Effective is not only concerning economy, The respective costs are one
important consideration but just as important is the question of how much

energy (or fuel) was used in their manufacture,

* Use of inappropriate building technologies and designs is the largest single

contributor to environmental degradation, depletion of natural resources and
inequitable distribution of wealth and opportunity. Developing nations like India
must therefore focus on the use of appropriate technology in their building
industry.

* By careful selection of materials and technologies in order to reduce

consumption, it is possible to significantly reduce emissions. There are a no. of
the available and usable technologies in India, which have proven to be
successful after years of trial by scientists, engineers and architects from
different parts of the country.

THESIS | INTERNATIONAL RESIDENTIAL SCHOOL Rg]

THESIS | INTERNATIONAL RESIDENTIAL SCHOOL

1.4

It may be noted that cost-effective construction technologies do not compromise

with the safety and security of the buildings and mostly follow the prevailing
building codes.

EXPECTED RESULTS

The basic design idea for the school is to create an environment where children

can learn and easily associate themselves with the surroundings.

In a school, the child is focal point of all the activities. So it is designed to

give
him all experience and opportunities that are supportive in his physical and

mental development.
The design has to be simple and functional.

The layout of the building, the intensive and luxurious landscaping merges

beautifully with surroundings, thus adds to a quiet and learning environment in

the school.

The design will be the blend of cluster and courtyard planning. The courtyard
provides a shaded central space, a controlled play area and a variety of adjacent
verandas, corridors and rooms, whereas arranging the classroom in groups or
cluster allows flexibility of space making this configuration one of the most
flexible possibility of school design,

Limiting the vehicular movement to the periphery allows a traffic free

environment and safe pedestrian movement within the campus.

The manufacture and construction with these materials and technologies put

waste materials to good use j.e. a step towards sustainable approach,

2.1 SPACE REQUIREMENTS OF CLASSROOM

A classroom should not be mere enclosure of space to cater for the large variety of
activities. It must provide a flexible space to meet the need of the changing
educational
pattern furniture & equipment. With the use of moveable furniture it is possible to

achieve a variety of seating arrangement to meet the diverse needs of multifarious

activities of the students.

So the planning of classroom should be the outcome of a careful analysis of space

requirements for different activities & arrangements.

To arrive the suitable shape & size of a classroom the following factors are
critical:

* Basic dimension of children & their space requirements.

* Dimension, incidence & arrangement of furniture and equipment.

* Number of students to be accommodated.

* Types of activities to be carried out.

* Diverse seating arrangements essential for these activities.

According to IGCSE standards:

* Thirty students per class is the commonly accepted standard.

* An area of 2 sq. m. per child is required for the effective performance of all
the
activities in the classroom.

* Nearly square shaped classrooms are functionally better than other form of same
area.

* Aclassroom of 7.30 x 6.90 m in size for 30 students is considered suitable.

"15 2MSQ

CLASSROOMS

STANDARD CLASS BOOM 65-70 $90M

SUPPLEMENTARY ROOM 45-70 SQ Mi
EXTRA LARGE ROOMS (FOR HISTORY / HEQM
GEOGRAPHY)

ROOMS FOR SPECIAL COURSES 40-45 $Q Mt

Fr
SRD i y
Ea ey « RECTANGULAR : )
REQUIREMENT Beiauu eatee MINIM
Peace * ATLEAST AT OND, SID ran ia | ‘ MANIA M
—_—_ re : a
“THESIS | INTERNATIONAL RESIDENTIAL SCHOOL \sdheaaaal
Marten claro
wquana oF rectangular Bien)
wel) TUrriey ee o) ncre

and freely arranged fuinture

ONE ROOM FOR LANGUAGE

ENG Si eRe a Eee Sd

ONE ROOM FOR MATERIALS AND

EQUIPMENTS — 10-15 sq m

T i 4 : iJ Deh
ll t

__ Besar garenne

ia MATERIALS —RACH 10-15 sq.m |

SH = eummeet a tonite
FR = racing rom
ai) - -

de
“Language labs should be within or directly related to the general

1 mae
Purpose teaching area, and close to medio centre and library. ' : j al
The size of LT (listen/taik) and LTR (listen! tolk/record) labs is " 1. =
approximately 80 sg. m ; booths 1X 2m. HoT = Wane mat tat LOW Gatton, call, ter
Number of places/lab — 24-30, Le, 48.60 sq. m. (3) tanguage tat (1a) Longuage lab
LIBRARY
© Purpose: information centre for classwork, further education and leisure AN IDEAL
LIBRARY
and may be used by pupils, teachers and non-school users _ Se
© Library includes 9 conventional school brary for pupils and teachers wath Large
eaciion Books on call |
books and magarines, lending facilities, reading and workplaces (Oy wl eetectoy |-
(rege rien tn |
~ ibe hothewewery _ Usern noes poms
, | shomaaye otang
(rma rine ste oe —————
[== von ae H: } |

Books on view|

ee) y
arene

od
ke te

Standard space requirement overall: 0.35 ta 045 4q m per

Pepi
Book luwes wed retura, $ iq m per workplace and catalogue

Apace of 20 te 40 oq im
Information: librarian 10 10 20 sqm.
G) Functional diagram of medium-sired thrary

AUDITORIUM SEATING CAPACITY

In general the maximum capacity of an auditorium depends on the format selected.

Other factors include levels, sightlines, circulation and seating density as well
as size
and shape of platform/stage.

SIZE OF AUDITORIUM-

An area of at least 0.5 sq. m per spectator is to be used for sitting spectators,
This

number is derived from a seat width x row spacing of at least 0.45 sq. m per seat,
plus

an additional minimum of 0.5m x 0.9m i.e. approximately 0.05 sq. m per seat.

THESIS | INTERNATIONAL RESIDENTIAL SCHOOL

LENGTH OF ROWS

A maximum of 16 seats per aisle, 25 seats per aisle is permissible if one side exit
door

of 1 m width is provided per 3-4 rows,

EXITS, ESCAPE ROUTES

im wide per 150 people (minimum width 0.8m)

VOLUME OF ROOM

This is obtained on the basis of acoustic requirements as follows:

Playhouses approx. 4-5 cum

Spectator, opera approx. 6-8 cu m

STAGE FORMS

There are three stage forms: full stage, small stage and set areas.

Full stage: Stage area > 100 sqm

Stage ceiling > 1m above top of proscenium arch

An essential feature of a full stage is an iron safety curtain which separates the
stage
from the auditorium in the event of an emergency.

Small Stage: Area no more than 100 sq m

No stage extension (secondary stages)

Stage ceiling not more than 1m above top of proscenium

Small stages do not require an iron safety curtain,

Set areas: Raised acting areas in rooms without ceiling projection.

REQUIREMENTS OF PLAY AREAS:

Traffic Safety =

No Pollution “<a
Adequate Sunshine i
Grund Water Level not too high

Dae

i»

THESIS | INTERNATIONAL RESIDENTIAL SCHOOL

SPORTS
= GYMNASIUM.
#1] EXERCISE AREA - ]4N 77M
TYFE OF SET US ARLE ARE

SPORT Tr Ra So
PERMISSILE DINICSSIOSS | STANDARD DIMENSIONS

JUNG WIDTHAn | 1 FAGTHAN | WIDTH (An

HADMINTON | dba él Va at
HARKETHALL M44 he | 4
BOXING 401 aay al al
CRICKET Meat baad yas 40 |
a — | }
FOOTHALL 140 134 40
2.2 LAND AREA REQUIREMENT AS PER N.B.C.

« Built up area- 28%

* Open space- 72%
e¢ Built up area includes: School building area- 18% Residential area- 10%

* Open area includes: Parking, Playground and fields- 72%

2.3 IGCSE NORMS

Infrastructure

The infrastructural facilities should be as follows: -.

Classrooms- minimum size should be 7mX6m (~425.sq.ft.). With 2 doors and 2

windows, air conditioned.

Science Labs. Separate Physics, Chemistry and Biology minimum size should be
9mX6m each (~600sq.ft.) and fully equipped.

Library-minimum size should be L4mX8m, Fully equipped and with reading room
facility.

Computer Lab. And Math Lab.-No minimum size is prescribed, however, the school
should have separate provision for each.

Rooms for extracurricular activities-either separate rooms for music, dance, arts &

sports or one multipurpose hall for all these activities should be available.
Physical Facilities

Classrooms should be adequate in size. The minimum floor space should at least be
2 sq. Metre per student.

The school have suitable furniture in the classrooms and office equipment and
furniture according to the strength of students and the staff.

The School should have adequate facilities for providing recreation activities and
Physical education as well as for conduct of various activities and programs for

THESIS | INTERNATIONAL RESIDENTIAL SCHOOL ‘(Eaas|

developmental education and for the social, cultural and moral development of the
students and for safeguarding their health.

GENERAL

The Library should be well equipped and spacious. It should have at least five
books
per student in its stock subject to a minimum of 1500 at the beginning.

The pupil teacher's ratio should not exceed 15.

The number of students in the class should not be very large. The optimum number
in a section of a class is 30.

2.4 ORGANISATION OF SPACE

The built form of a school can be broadly classified into five types namely single
and
double corridor, courtyard, cluster & campus.

SINGLE CORRIDOR TYPE:

This is the most straightforward & simple arrangement of school building, allows a

linear assembly of classroom along a corridor having several advantages:

® Clarity of organization.
« Ease of natural lighting & control of access to facilities.
» May separate the different aspects of the building.

« L&§ shape corridor can provide interesting visual spaces with classrooms

arranged along its spine.

DOUBLE CORRIDOR TYPE:

Double corridor provides a compact form, economy and flexibility as compare to
single
corridor type building. The various factors of this type of design are: -

* Make a continuous close area.

* Built quickly & accommodate a higher ratio of functional areas.

* Itreduces the exposed perimeter, which is suitable for hot climate.

THESTS | INTERNATIONAL RESIDENTIAL SCHOOL

* The major odd factor with type of design is that light & ventilation should be
carefully workout (may include skylight, double height corridor, dormer window
etc.)

COURTYARD TYPE:
This type of planning is quite common in India & hold illustrious places in the
traditional
academic buildings. The various factors of this type of design are: -

* Provides central shaded area, a controlled play area and a variety of adjacent
veranda, corridor and rooms.

* Provides better interaction between student & faculty and fulfil the shortcomings

of covered spaces (in hot climate).

* Separate courtyard can be used for different function & level of education, with

several independent buildings around their own central courtyard.

CLUSTER TYPE:

The cluster approach attempts to translate the need for segregating educational,

academic, service & other functions to a well define zones, The various factors of
this
type of design are: -

¢ The classrooms are arranged in groups or clusters around a common area.

* The creation of a common space along with classroom clusters gives the school a
more intimate spatial quality & a greater sense of identity.

« A module of classrooms can be extended in stages, as need increases.

* The circulation is a difficult problem, which can be resolved by careful

planning.

CAMPUS TYPE:

Large school & educational centres demand a combination of built forms. The
planning
of a large school involves the integration of corridor, nucleated, cluster &
courtyard
forms. The various factors of this type of design are: -

« It focuses on the creation of a variety of exterior & interior spaces.

¢ It emphasis on the relationship of building & open spaces.

* The campus plan is a large courtyard type consisting of several buildings around
a series of courtyard,
THESIS | INTERNATIONAL RESIDENTIAL SCHOOL [ties]
« Campus design use both - classical models of organization with a central green
and formal pathways & also mon-classical arrangements including the
organization of irregular geometry or a series of courtyards, each having
separate identity.

2.5 SCHOOL BUILDING DESIGN MATTERS?

-Enhances Children’s Learning Ability

-Provides an Active Learning Environment
-Increases Admission Rate

-Creates Curiosity among Children

-Raises Test Score Levels of Children

-Influences Behaviour and Learning
-Provides Hands-on Learning Opportunity
-Makes the Children Energetic

-Increases Overall Performance of Children

-Performance of Teachers

2.6 IGCSE SYLLABUS

International General Certificate of Secondary Education (IGCSE) is an academically

rigorous, internationally used, specialized, English language curriculum which is
offered
to students to prepare them for International Baccalaureate and CIE A-level.

Examination Pattern
Cambridge Primary, typically for learners aged 5 to 11 years

Cambridge Secondary 1

Cambridge Secondary 2 is typically for learners aged 14 to 16 years. It offers

learners two routes: Cambridge IGCSE and Cambridge O Level.

Cambridge Advanced is typically for learners aged 16 to 19 years who need advanced
study to prepare for university and higher education. It offers learners two
routes:
Cambridge International AS and A Level, and Cambridge Pre-U.

THESIS | INTERNATIONAL RESIDENTIAL SCHOOL Ea)

Facts

-Number of Schools: Approx. 200 in India

-Areas of Operations: 120 Countries including India, USA, UK.

Pros

-International Board recognized by most of the Universities of the world.

“Students can apply to Foreign Universities wherein CBSE and ICSE board is not
recognized.

-More advanced curriculum and variety of subjects to choose from.

-More emphasis on English and Technical Subjects

-Best option if parents are NRI, or are planning to move abroad.

Cons

-Fee is on the higher side.

-Found only in metropolitan cities and Tier-1 cities of India

-Difficult for students to shift boards if need arises.

-Tultions, Books not easily available,

THESIS | INTERNATIONAL RESIDENTIAL SCHOOL co