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    Unit 4 Study Guide

    Uploaded by

    Vanshika Gupta

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Unit 4 Study Guide

    Uploaded by

    Vanshika Gupta
    78 views4 pages

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

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    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

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    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    78 views4 pages

    Unit 4 Study Guide

    Uploaded by

    Vanshika Gupta

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 4

    Unit 4: Learning

    Topic 4.1 – Introduction to Learning


    1. What is association?

    2. What is the difference between observational learning and latent learning?

    2. Why would someone experience learned helplessness?

    3. Define latent learning.

    4.. Explain what social learning is.

    5. What is the difference between insight learning and trial-and-error learning?

    6. Describe superstitious behavior.

    7. Complete the table below.


    Individual Contribution

    John
    Garcia

    Albert
    Bandura

    Edward
    Tolman

    Edward
    Thorndike

    Ivon
    Pavlov

    B.F.
    Skinner

    Robert
    Rescorla

    John B
    Watson

    Topic 4.2- Classical Conditioning


    1. Briefly describe Pavlov’s experiment with dogs.

    Not for classroom use. Do not post online. ©Copyright Riley Sinn, 2022
    Topic 4.2- Classical Conditioning (Continued)
    2. Explain the difference between an unconditioned stimulus and unconditioned response.

    3. Identify the UCS and UCR in Pavlov’s experiment.

    4. What is a neutral stimuli?

    5. Describe acquisition and identify how it was used in Pavlov’s experiment.

    6. Explain the difference between a conditioned stimulus and conditioned response.

    7. Why would extinction occur?

    8. Describe spontaneous recovery.

    9. What is the difference between stimulus discrimnation and stimulus generalization?

    10. Explain higher-order conditioning.

    11. Provide an example of higher-order conditioning.

    Topic 4.3- Operant Conditioning


    1. According to B.F. Skinner: how do punishments and reinforcements impact learned behavior?

    2. Who did B.F. Skinner base has work off of?

    3. Describe the law of effect.

    4. Identify a positive and negative consequence.

    5. How is Operant Conditioning different from Classical Conditioning?

    6. Describe how Skinner used shaping in his Skinner box experiment.

    7. In Skinner’s experiment what is the lever?

    8. Complete the table below.


    Description Example

    Positive Reinforcement

    Negative Reinforcement

    Positive Punishment

    Negative Punishment

    Not for classroom use. Do not post online. ©Copyright Riley Sinn, 2022
    Topic 4.3- Operant Conditioning (Continued)
    9.Complete the table below.
    Increase Behavior Decrease Behavior

    Add Stimulus

    Take away Stimulus


    10.Complete the table below.
    Reinforcement Description Impact Example
    Schedule

    Fixed-ratio
    schedule

    Fixed-interval
    schedule

    Variable-ratio
    schedule

    Variable-interval
    schedule
    11. Why does the overjustification effect happen?

    12. What is the difference between extrinsic motivation and intrinsic motivation?

    Topic 4.4- Social and Cognitive Factors in Learning


    1. Complete the table below
    Influence on learning Example

    Biological

    Psychological

    Social-cultural

    2. Define preparedness.

    3. What is instinctive drift?

    4.What did Robert Rescorla and Allan Wagner discover with their experiment on rats?

    5. Edward Chase Tolman’s rat study had rats complete mazes. What did researchers notice when observing the
    rats?

    Not for classroom use. Do not post online. ©Copyright Riley Sinn, 2022
    Topic 4.4- Social and Cognitive Factors in Learning (Continued)
    6. Define latent learning.

    7. Compare social learning and observational learning.

    8. What is the difference between external locus of control and internal locus of control?

    9. What happens if a person has a high degree of external locus of control and little internal locus of control?

    10. Describe problem-focused coping and emotion-focused coping.

    Not for classroom use. Do not post online. ©Copyright Riley Sinn, 2022

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