Oracle EBS R12 Architecture

Oracle E-Business Suite
(EBS)
What is Oracle Applications/Oracle E-Business Suite ?
To facilitate big businesses, Oracle Corporation have created collection of software

in the category of ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) known as modules, that
are integrated to talk to each other and known as Oracle Applications or E-
Business Suite.
Oracle Inventory Module deals with the items you maintain in stock, warehouse
etc.
Oracle Receivables and Oracle Order Management are dealing with customers
like orders given by Customers and Money collected from customers.
Oracle General Ledger receives information from all the different transaction
modules and summarizes them in order to create profit and loss statements,
reports for paying Taxes etc.
Oracle Cost Management helps to maintain the costs of items in your inventory
and the immediate modules that it interacts with are Oracle Inventory, Oracle
Bills of Material, Order Management.
Oracle E-Business Suite Previous Releases
10.7 : Oldest Release of Oracle ERP which is character, thin client based. Oracle has
stopped support for this release from year 1998.
11 :
11i :
R12 : Latest Release Of EBS by Oracle .
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Oracle EBS R12 Architecture
Oracle EBS R12 Applications is a three-tiered architecture.
1. Desktop Tier
2. Application Tier
3. Database Tier
The Oracle Applications Architecture is a framework for multi-tiered,

distributed computing that supports Oracle Applications products. In this model,
various servers or services are distributed among three levels, or tiers.
First we need to know the important points like SERVER, NODE, MACHINE and TIER.
Server : Server is a process or group of processes that run on a single machine and
provide a particular functionality.
Tier : A tier is a logical group of services , that spread across more than one
physical machine.
Machine or node : A machine is referred to as a node, particularly in the context of a
group of computers that work closely together in a cluster.
Desktop Tier :
The Forms client applet must be run within a Java Virtual Machine (JVM) on the
desktop client. The Sun J2SE Plug-in component allows use of the Oracle JVM on web
clients, instead of the browser’s own JVM. This is implemented as a browser plug-in.
Please Note : In 11i , we use Jinitiator for the for the JVM.
The Application Tier :
In Release 12, the application tier contains Oracle Application Server 10g
(OAS10g). Three servers or service groups comprise the basic application tier
for Oracle Applications:
• Web services
The Web services component of Oracle Application Server processes requests

received over the network from the desktop clients.
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• Forms services
Forms services in Oracle Applications Release 12 are provided by the

Forms listener servlet or Form Socket mode, which facilitates the use of
firewalls, load balancing, proxies, and other networking options.
• Concurrent Processing server
Processes that run on the Concurrent Processing server are called

concurrent requests. When you submit such a request, either through
HTML-based or Forms-based Applications, a row is inserted into a
database table specifying the program to be run. A concurrent manager
then reads the applicable requests in the table, and starts the associated
concurrent program.
Please Note: There is no concept of an Administration server in Release 12. By

default, patching can be undertaken from any application tier node.
Database Tier :
The database tier contains the Oracle database server, which stores all the
data maintained by Oracle Applications.
R12 EBS Directory Structure
Techstack Components :
DB_TIER
• 10.2.0.2 RDBMS ORACLE_HOME
APPL-TIER
• 10.1.2 C ORACLE_HOME / FORMS ORACLE_HOME (8.0.6 ORACLE HOME as

in R11i)
• 10.1.3 Java ORACLE_HOME/OC4J ORACLE_HOME (iAS ORACLE_HOME as in
R11i)
• INSTANCE_TOP : Each application tier has a unique Instance Home file
system associated
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There are two versions of Oracle Application server 10g (OAS10g) used,
• The Oracle Application Server 10.1.2 ORACLE_HOME (sometimes referred to

as the Tools, C, or Developer ORACLE_HOME) replaces the 8.0.6
ORACLE_HOME provided by Oracle9i Application Server 1.0.2.2.2 in Release
11i.
• The Oracle Application Server 10.1.3 ORACLE_HOME (sometimes referred

to as the Web or Java ORACLE_HOME) replaces the 8.1.7-based
ORACLE_HOME provided by Oracle9i Application Server 1.0.2.2.2 in Release
11i.
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(ORACLE EBS R12 ORACLE_HOMES )
Oracle EBS R12 file system has come up with new model - Code, Data,
Configurations are segregated for easy maintenance, to avert NFS mount issues on
shared appl tier configuration systems. Auto-config will not write anything in
APPL_TOP, COMMON_TOP area in R12. All instance specific configurations, log files
are written in INST_TOP area. Instance Home provides the ability to share
Applications and technology stack code among multiple instances.
The image shown below describes the complete directory structure for complete e-bs
installation i.e. DB_TOP, APPL_TOP and new INST_TOP. If you look into the
INST_TOP we will find that it only contains all the configuration files, start-stop
scripts, log files, certificate files, pid files etc, so as to make DB_TOP and APPL_TOP
untouched for any instance specific changes.
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INSTANCE TOP :
Instance home is the top-level directory for an Applications Instance which is known
as Instance Home and is denoted the environment variable $INST_TOP. This contains
all the config files, log files, SSL certificates etc.
Advantages of new INSTANCE HOME:
• The additional Instance Home makes the middle tier easier to manage
and organized since the data is kept separate from the config files.
• The Instance Home also has the ability to share the Applications and
Technology stack code across multiple instances.
• Another advantage of the Instance Home is that the Autoconfig writes only
in INST_TOP so APPL_TOP and ORACLE_HOME can also be made read only
file system if required.
• To create a new instance that shares an existing middle-tier, just create a
new instance_top with proper config files and NFS Mount the middle tier
in the
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INSTANCE TOP – STRUCTURE:
$INST_TOP: $APPS_BASE/inst/apps/$CONTEXT_NAME/
/admin
/scripts : ADMIN_SCRIPTS_HOME: Find all AD scripts here
/appl : APPL_CONFIG_HOME. For standalone envs, this is set to
$APPL_TOP
/fnd/12.0.0/secure : FND_SECURE: dbc files here
/admin : All Env Config files here
/certs : SSL Certificates go here
/logs : LOG_HOME: Central log file location. All log files are
placed here (except adconfig)
/ora : ORA_CONFIG_HOME
/10.1.2 : 'C' Oracle home config, Contains tnsnames and forms
listener servlet config files
/10.1.3 : Apache & OC4J config home, Apache, OC4J and opmn
This is the 'Java' oracle home configuration for OPMN, Apache
and OC4J
/pids : Apache/Forms server PID files here
/portal : Apache's DocumentRoot folder

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Oracle E-Business Suite

To facilitate big businesses, Oracle Corporation have created collection of software

Oracle E-Business Suite Previous Releases

The Oracle Applications Architecture is a framework for multi-tiered,

The Application Tier :

The Web services component of Oracle Application Server processes requests

Forms services in Oracle Applications Release 12 are provided by the

• Concurrent Processing server

Processes that run on the Concurrent Processing server are called

Please Note: There is no concept of an Administration server in Release 12. By

R12 EBS Directory Structure

• 10.2.0.2 RDBMS ORACLE_HOME

• 10.1.2 C ORACLE_HOME / FORMS ORACLE_HOME (8.0.6 ORACLE HOME as

• The Oracle Application Server 10.1.2 ORACLE_HOME (sometimes referred to

• The Oracle Application Server 10.1.3 ORACLE_HOME (sometimes referred

Advantages of new INSTANCE HOME:

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