Mindanao Regional History (Autosaved)
Mindanao Regional History (Autosaved)
Mindanao Regional History (Autosaved)
Learning Outcomes:
1. Assess the historical roots of the Mindanao conflict.
2. Monitor and evaluate the Mindanao Peace Initiatives (GRP-
MNLF & MILF Peace Talk, BangsaMoro Basic Law, Federalism)
3.Propose a sustainable alternative solution for peace in
Mindanao
MINDANAO REGIONAL HISTORY
The Lumads of Mindanao
4. Tribal and clan loyalties did not generate the same cultural and
institutional sophistication found in other parts of the Muslim world.
Impact:
1. The use of Christianized Indios in the Spanish military attempts to subjugate and
convert the Moros into Catholicism marked the beginning of animosity conflict
between the Muslims and Christians.
2. It brought the necessity of unity among the Muslims regardless of their ethnic
differences and political rivalries.
MINDANAO DURING SPANISH COLONIAL PERIOD
Impact:
Captain General Francisco de Sande sent in 1578 the first Spanish military expedition led by
Captain Esteban Rodriguez de Figueroa in Mindanao and Sulu .
His mission:
• imposition of Spanish sovereignty ( Hispanization and Christianization)
• stop piracy on Spanish shipping
• end Moro ” raids” in the christianized settlements of the Visayas islands
Figueroa was killed by the Tampakan Maguindano on April 25, 1596.
MINDANAO DURING SPANISH COLONIAL PERIOD
RESULTS:
Ø Maguindanao was captured in 1637, and later on
Jolo
Ø In 1718, the abandoned port of Zamboanga was
rebuilt
Ø After the Sulu-Iranun attack of Zamboanga was
repulsed, Jesuits were allowed by Sulu Sultan Azim
ud Din (Alimuddin)
Ø Azim ud Din was deposed by his brother and he
fled to Manila and converted to Catholicism
MINDANAO DURING SPANISH COLONIAL PERIOD
The British Occupation of Manila in 1762 reduced Spanish control in the South which
resulted to a hiatus of hostilities between the Moros and the Christians
Effects:
The British liberated Sultan Alimuddin who was imprisoned by the Spaniards at Fort Santiago
and the restoration of his throne.
• Alimuddin was detained because of charges of apostasy for secretly performing Islamic
rites after he had been converted to Catholicism.
• In return concluded a treaty of friendship allowing the British to establish a trading post in
Basilan. He then declared jihad against the Spaniards.
MINDANAO DURING SPANISH COLONIAL PERIOD
Dutch Invasion in the Philippines: Its Impact in Mindanao
The Spanish-Dutch War ended with the Treaty of Westphalia on January 30,
1648 when Spain formally recognized Dutch independence. This did not
stop the Dutch from threatening Spanish hold in the Philippines.
The Dutch incited the Moros to resist the Spaniards, and even intervened in
the inter-Moro conflict.
Blanco Campaign
vIt was only four years later when the last and biggest campaign in Lanao was
renewed and organized under Gov. General Ramon Blanco.
vHis expedition which originated in Iligan numbered to 3930, of which 230 were
convicts.
vMost if not all of the survivors from 70th, 71st , 72nd and 74th regiments, together
with the 69th and 73rd Regiments of the Weyler campaign later formed part of
the Blanco forces, although there were frequent replacement of troops.
•
FOCUS GROUP DISCUSSION(FGD)
Identify the
consequences/
impact of the
modern-day
conflict and war in
Mindanao on
political, economic,
socio-cultural
dimensions.
Suggest a solution
to these problems
Time Allotment: 30
mins
30 pts –
Content (10)
Analysis. (10)
Synthesis (10 )
MINDANAO CONFLICT ANALYSIS AND RESOLUTION
Kiram-Bates Treaty
- It abandoned the US non-interference policy of direct rule over the Moros to prepare
them for integration into greater body politic
- It was due to the insistence of the Filipino nationalists that Moroland was inseparable
to the Philippines because its rich natural resources of Mindanao and Sulu for the
national development of the country.
\
MINDANAO DURING AMERICAN COLONIAL ERA
The American Colonial Government in Mindanao
- the Moroland was then placed for the first time under the imperial Manila
based bureaucracy, thus placing their destiny in the hands of the
politicians
MINDANAO UNDER THE NEW REPUBLIC
Kiram-Carpenter Law
- the Sultan unequivocally abdicated his powers associated with the courts
and the collection of taxes while he would be recognized by the US as a
“titular spiritual head”of Islam in the Sulu Archipelago
MINDANAO DURING AMERICAN COLONIAL ERA
- proposed granting of independence to Luzon and Visayas but the Moro province
would remain under the American rule
Cooper Bill
- proposed the retention of Mindanao, Sulu and Palawan and their eventual federation
to the United States
Muslim Filipinos
- The termed used instead of Moros to
integrate them into greater Philippine
society
- This was used to address the feeling of
neglect, indifference and apathy of the
Moro leaders who clamored for
independence
- RESULTS:
- Untitled Moro ancestral lands were taken
over by the migrants
- Land grabbing and exploitation
- Resurgence and intensification of the Moro-
Christian Filipino animosity and conflict
MINDANAO DURING COMMONWEALTH PERIOD
Contributing Factors