FDN Design Lso Tower

TANTANSCO
SE/ GCC / CHENNAI
DESIGN REPORT OF
OPEN RCC FOUNDATION FOR
LSO TOWER OF 230 kV LINE
FROM SP KOIL 230 KV SS TO
THE ORAGADAM 230 KV LINE
CONTRACTOR : M/s ULTRA POWER BUILDERS

FOR TLC DIVISION OF GCC/CHENNAI, POONTHAMALLI
DESIGN OF RCC FOUNDATION FOR LSO TOWER FOR 230 kV LINE
CONTENTS
1. LOAD CALCULATIONS … P. 1
2. LOAD TREE FOR RELIABILITY, SECURITY & SAFETY CONDITIONS … P. 32
3. DESIGN OF RCC FOOTING & CHIMNEY … P. 47
4. DRAWING SHOWING RCC FOUNDATION … P. 56

PROJECT : STRENGTHENING OF 230 KV LINE FROM SP KOIL 230 KV SS TO ORAGADAM 230 KV LINE
NAME OF WORK : DESIGN OF RCC FOUNDATION FOR LSO 230 KV TOWER

.
LOADING CALCULATION 230 KV TOWER LSO TOWER
INPUT DETAILS
BASIC WIND SPEED M / SEC
WIND ZONE 5
RELIABILITY LEVEL 1
TERRAIN CATEGARY 1
DESIGN WIND PRESSURE NEWTON /SQ.M 925

DESIGN WIND PRESSURE KG / SQ.M [ Pd ] 94.35
WIND SPAN FOR NC IN METER [L] 300

WIND SPAN FOR BWC IN METER [ L BWC] 180
DIA. OF CONDUCTOR IN METER [DC] 0.02862 Zebra
WEIGHT OF CONDUCTOR IN KG/M [WTC] 1.621
NO. OF CONDUCTOR IN NOS. [NOC] 1
CONDUCTOR TENSION AT 32 C & FULL WIND KG [CT] 7695
CONDUCTOR TENSION AT 32 C & 75% WIND in KG 6478
CONDUCTOR TENSION AT 0 C & 36% WIND in KG 5296
NO. OF INSULATOR STRING IN NOS. [NOI] 2
LENGTH OF INSULATOR IN METER [LI] 2
DIA. OF INSULATOR IN METER [DI] 0.28
WT. OF INSULATOR MAX. IN KG [WTI1] 100
WIND PR. ON INSULATOR IN KG/SQ.M [WPI] 94.35
WEIGHT SPAN (MAX) FOR NC IN METER [WTSNC1] 450
WEIGHT SPAN (MIN) FOR NC IN METER [WTSNC2] 80
WEIGHT SPAN (MAX) FOR BWC IN METER [WTSBWC1] 270
WEIGHT SPAN (MIN) FOR BWC IN METER [WTSBWC2] 80
DEVIATION IN DEGREE [D] 60
Sin D/2 0.5000
Cos D/2 0.8660
WT. OF LINEMAN & TOOLS IN KG [WTLM] 150
DIA. OF EARTH WIRE IN METER [DEW] 0.01065
WEIGHT OF EARTH WIRE IN KG/M [WTRW] 0.545 7/3.55
EARTH WIRE TENSION AT 32 C & FULL WIND KG [EWT] 3690
EARTH WIRE TENSION AT 32 C & 75% WIND KG 3134
EW TENSION AT 0 C & 36% WIND KG 2501
TOWER TYPE [TT] TENSION
WEIGHT OF INSULATOR MIN. [ETI2] 100
DEVIATION LOAD FACTOR [DLF] 1
DRAG COEFFICIENT FOR CONDUCTOR [ Cdc ] 1.0

DRAG COEFFICIENT FOR Earth Wire [ Cdew ] 1.2
DRAG COEFFICIENT for Insulator [ Cdi ] 1.2
GUST RESPONSE FACTOR FOR CONDUCTOR [ Gc ] 2.04

GUST RESPONSE FACTOR FOR EARTHWIRE [ Gew ] 2.05
GUST RESPONSE FACTOR FOR Insulator [ Gi ] 2.0
Materials Strength Factor MSF 1.02
Page 1
SAG TENSION TABLE FOR ZEBRA CONDUCTOR
W PR = 192 KQ/SQ.M UTS= 13289 KG

SPAN = 300 m w= 1.621 kg/m SAG = w*L²/8T
SL.No. TEMP WIND FACTOR TENSION SAG F.O.S

C kg m
1 32 0.0 3323 3.75 4.0
2 32 1.0 7695 1.62 1.7
3 0 0.36 5296 2.35 2.5
4 32 0.75 6478 1.92 2.1
5 0 0.0 4167 2.99 3.2
6 85 0.0 2498 4.99 5.3
SAG TENSION TABLE FOR 7/3.55 EARTHWIRE
W PR = 232 KQ/SQ.M UTS= 6251 KG

SPAN = 300 m w= 0.545 kg/m SAG = w*L²/8T
SL.No. TEMP WIND FACTOR TENSION SAG F.O.S

C kg m
1 32 0.0 1563 4.46 4.0
2 32 1.0 3690 1.89 1.7
3 0 0.36 2501 2.79 2.5
4 32 0.75 3134 2.23 2.0
5 0 0.0 1928 3.62 3.2
6 53 0.0 1376 5.07 4.5
Page 2
FULL WIND AND WIND DIRECTION, THETA - 0 DEG
Wind Load on conductor, Fwc : (Pd * Sin²W) * L* Dc * Gc * Cdc
Pd - design wind pressure in kg/sq.m = 94.35

L - Wind span in meter 300
Dc- Diameter of conductor in meter 0.02862
Gc - Gust response factor 2.0
Cdc - Drag coefficient 1.0
Sin²W- Angle between wind direction & conductor
W1 = 90 - (q - D/2) 120 DEG
W2 = 90 - (q + D/2) 60 DEG
q - Angle of incidence of wind direction with L to Longi face of tower 0

D - Angle of deviation 60
Sin²W1 = 0.7501
Sin²W2 = 0.7500
There fore Wind Load on conductor, Fwc 1239.5 kg
Wind Load on Earth wire, Fwew : (Pd * Sin²W) * L* Dew * Gc * Cdc

Dew- Diameter of earthwire in meter 0.01065
Sin²W- Angle between wind direction & earth wire
Sin²W1 = 0.7501
Sin²W2 = 0.7500
There fore Wind Load on Earth wire, Fwew 556.2 kg
Wind Load on Insulator string, Fwi :
In Transverse direction, Fwi trans = : Pd * Ai * Gi * Cdi * Cos q
Pd = 94.35 Ai = 0.28 Gi = 2 Cdi= 1.2 Cosq = 1
Fwi trans = 63.4 kg
In Longitudinal direction, Fwi longit = : Pd * Ai * Gi * Cdi * Sin q
Pd = 94.35 Ai = 0.28 Gi = 2 Cdi= 1.2 Sinq = 0
Fwi LONGI = 0.0 kg
Page 3

W1 = 90 - (q - D/2) 90 DEG
W2 = 90 - (q + D/2) 30 DEG

Sin²W1 = 1.0000
Sin²W2 = 0.2500

Sin²W1 = 1.0000
Sin²W2 = 0.2500
Pd = 94.35 Ai = 0.28 Gi = 2 Cdi= 1.2 Cosq = 0.866
Fwi trans = 54.9 kg
Pd = 94.35 Ai = 0.28 Gi = 2 Cdi= 1.2 Sinq = 0.5
Fwi longi = 31.7 kg
Page 4

W1 = 90 - (q - D/2) 75 DEG
W2 = 90 - (q + D/2) 15 DEG

Sin²W1 = 0.9330
Sin²W2 = 0.0670

Sin²W1 = 0.9330
Sin²W2 = 0.0670
Pd = 94.35 Ai = 0.28 Gi = 2.0 Cdi= 1.2 Cosq = 0.7071
Fwi trans = 44.8 kg
Pd = 94.35 Ai = 0.28 Gi = 2.0 Cdi= 1.2 Sinq = 0.7071
Fwi longi = 44.8 kg
Page 5
36% WIND AND WIND DIRECTION, THETA - 0 DEG

W1 = 90 - (q - D/2) 120 DEG
W2 = 90 - (q + D/2) 60 DEG

Sin²W1 = 0.7501
Sin²W2 = 0.7500

Sin²W1 = 0.7501
Sin²W2 = 0.7500
Pd = 33.966 Ai = 0.28 Gi = 2 Cdi= 1.2 Cosq = 1
Fwi trans = 22.8 kg
Pd = 33.966 Ai = 0.28 Gi = 2 Cdi= 1.2 Sinq = 0
Fwi longi = 0.0 kg
Page 6

W1 = 90 - (q - D/2) 90 DEG
W2 = 90 - (q + D/2) 30 DEG

Sin²W1 = 1.0000
Sin²W2 = 0.2500

Sin²W1 = 1.0000
Sin²W2 = 0.2500
Pd = 33.966 Ai = 0.28 Gi = 2 Cdi= 1.2 Cosq = 0.866
Fwi trans = 19.8 kg
Pd = 33.966 Ai = 0.28 Gi = 2 Cdi= 1.2 Sinq = 0.5
Fwi longi = 11.4 kg
Page 7

W1 = 90 - (q - D/2) 75 DEG
W2 = 90 - (q + D/2) 15 DEG

Sin²W1 = 0.9330
Sin²W2 = 0.0670

Sin²W1 = 0.9330
Sin²W2 = 0.0670
Pd = 33.966 Ai = 0.28 Gi = 2.0 Cdi= 1.2 Cosq = 0.7071
Fwi trans = 16.1 kg
Pd = 33.966 Ai = 0.28 Gi = 2.0 Cdi= 1.2 Sinq = 0.7071
Fwi longi = 16.1 kg
Page 8

W1 = 90 - (q - D/2) 120 DEG
W2 = 90 - (q + D/2) 60 DEG

Sin²W1 = 0.7501
Sin²W2 = 0.7500

Sin²W1 = 0.7501
Sin²W2 = 0.7500
Pd = 70.763 Ai = 0.28 Gi = 2 Cdi= 1.2 Cosq = 1
Fwi trans = 47.6 kg
Pd = 70.763 Ai = 0.28 Gi = 2 Cdi= 1.2 Sinq = 0
Fwi longi = 0.0 kg
Page 9
75% WIND AND WIND DIRECTION, THETA - 0 DEG BWC

Cdc - Drag coefficient 1
W1 = 90 - (q - D/2) 120 DEG
W2 = 90 - (q + D/2) 60 DEG

Sin²W1 = 0.7501
Sin²W2 = 0.7500

Sin²W1 = 0.7501
Sin²W2 = 0.7500
Pd = 70.763 Ai = 0.28 Gi = 2 Cdi= 1.2 Cosq = 1
Fwi trans = 47.6 kg
Pd = 70.763 Ai = 0.28 Gi = 2 Cdi= 1.2 Sinq = 0
Fwi longi = 0.0 kg
Page 10
36% WIND AND WIND DIRECTION, THETA - 0 DEG BWC

W1 = 90 - (q - D/2) 120 DEG
W2 = 90 - (q + D/2) 60 DEG

Sin²W1 = 0.7501
Sin²W2 = 0.7500

Sin²W1 = 0.7501
Sin²W2 = 0.7500
Pd = 33.966 Ai = 0.28 Gi = 2.0 Cdi= 1.2 Cosq = 1
Fwi trans = 22.8 kg
Pd = 33.966 Ai = 0.28 Gi = 2 Cdi= 1.2 Sinq = 0
Fwi longi = 0.0 kg
Page 11
1. Reliability condition - Full wind & Wind direction theta - 0 deg
TRANSVERSE LOAD
EARTH WIRE
WIND LOAD ON EARTHWIRE [ Fwew ] 567 kg

[ Pd*SIN²W*Cdc*L*DEW*Gc * MSF ]
Component of Mech Tension for Earth wire [ Fwdew ] 3764 kg

[ 2*EWT*SIN (D/2) * MSF ]
TOTAL = 4331 kg
CONDUCTOR
WIND LOAD ON CONDUCTOR [ Fwc ] 1264 kg

[ Pd*SIN²W*Cdc*L*DC*Gc * MSF ]
WIND LOAD ON INSULATOR [ Fwi ] 129 kg

[2* Pd * Ai * Gi * Cdi * Cos q * MSF ]
Component of Mech Tension for Conductor [ Fwdc ] 7849 kg

[ 2*CT*SIN (D/2) * MSF ]
TOTAL = 9243 kg
VERTICAL LOAD
EARTH WIRE
Weight of earth wire point 250 kg
[WEW*WTSNC1 * MSF]
Weight of man with tools & plant 0 kg
Weight of clamp 10 kg
TOTAL = 260 kg
CONDUCTOR
Weight of conductor 744 kg
[WC*WTSNC1 * MSF]
Weight of Insulator 204 kg
Weight of man with tools & plant 0
TOTAL = 948 kg
LONGITUDINAL LOAD
EARTH WIRE
Wire pull 0
TOTAL = 0 kg
CONDUCTOR
Conductor pull 0
From Insulator 0
TOTAL = 0 kg
Page 12
TRANSVERSE LOAD
EARTH WIRE
TOTAL = 4520 kg
CONDUCTOR
WIND LOAD ON CONDUCTOR ON NC [ Fwc ] 1686 kg
TOTAL = 9647 kg
VERTICAL LOAD
EARTH WIRE
TOTAL = 260 kg
CONDUCTOR
TOTAL = 948 kg
LONGITUDINAL LOAD
EARTH WIRE
Wire pull 0
TOTAL = 0 kg
CONDUCTOR
Conductor pull 0
From Insulator [Pd * Ai * Gi * Cdi * SIN q * 2* MSF ] 65
TOTAL = 65 kg
Page 13
TRANSVERSE LOAD
EARTH WIRE
TOTAL = 4470 kg
CONDUCTOR
TOTAL = 9513 kg
VERTICAL LOAD
EARTH WIRE
TOTAL = 260 kg
CONDUCTOR
TOTAL = 948 kg
LONGITUDINAL LOAD
EARTH WIRE
Wire pull 0
TOTAL = 0 kg
CONDUCTOR
Conductor pull 0
From Insulator 91
TOTAL = 91 kg
Page 14
4. Reliability condition - 36% Wind & Wind direction theta - 0 deg
TRANSVERSE LOAD
EARTH WIRE
TOTAL = 2755 kg
CONDUCTOR
TOTAL = 5904 kg
VERTICAL LOAD
EARTH WIRE
TOTAL = 260 kg
CONDUCTOR
TOTAL = 948 kg
LONGITUDINAL LOAD
EARTH WIRE
Wire pull 0
TOTAL = 0 kg
CONDUCTOR
Conductor pull 0
TOTAL = 0 kg
Page 15
TRANSVERSE LOAD
EARTH WIRE
TOTAL = 2823 kg
CONDUCTOR
TOTAL = 6049 kg
VERTICAL LOAD
EARTH WIRE
TOTAL = 260 kg
CONDUCTOR
TOTAL = 948 kg
LONGITUDINAL LOAD
EARTH WIRE
Wire pull 0
TOTAL = 0 kg
CONDUCTOR
Conductor pull 0
From Insulator 23
TOTAL = 23 kg
Page 16
TRANSVERSE LOAD
EARTH WIRE
TOTAL = 2805 kg
CONDUCTOR
TOTAL = 6001 kg
VERTICAL LOAD
EARTH WIRE
TOTAL = 260 kg
CONDUCTOR
TOTAL = 948 kg
LONGITUDINAL LOAD
EARTH WIRE
Wire pull 0
TOTAL = 0 kg
CONDUCTOR
Conductor pull 0
From Insulator 33
TOTAL = 33 kg
Page 17
7. Security condition - 75% Wind & Wind direction theta - 0 deg INTACT WIRE
TRANSVERSE LOAD
EARTH WIRE
TOTAL = 3622 kg
CONDUCTOR
TOTAL = 7632 kg
VERTICAL LOAD
EARTH WIRE
TOTAL = 260 kg
CONDUCTOR
TOTAL = 948 kg
LONGITUDINAL LOAD
EARTH WIRE
Wire pull 0
TOTAL = 0 kg
CONDUCTOR
Conductor pull 0
TOTAL = 0 kg
Page 18
8. Security condition - 75% Wind & Wind direction theta - 0 deg BROKEN WIRE
TRANSVERSE LOAD
EARTH WIRE
TOTAL = 1854 kg
CONDUCTOR
TOTAL = 3970 kg
VERTICAL LOAD
EARTH WIRE
TOTAL = 160 kg
CONDUCTOR
TOTAL = 650 kg
LONGITUDINAL LOAD
EARTH WIRE
Wire pull 2768

[ EWT*COS D/2 * MSF] TOTAL = 2768 kg
CONDUCTOR
Conductor pull 5722

[ CT*COS D/2 * MSF] TOTAL = 5722 kg
Page 19
9. Security condition - 36% Wind & Wind direction theta - 0 deg INTACT WIRE
TRANSVERSE LOAD
EARTH WIRE
TOTAL = 2755 kg
CONDUCTOR
TOTAL = 5904 kg
VERTICAL LOAD
EARTH WIRE
TOTAL = 260 kg
CONDUCTOR
TOTAL = 948 kg
LONGITUDINAL LOAD
EARTH WIRE
Wire pull 0
TOTAL = 0 kg
CONDUCTOR
Conductor pull 0
TOTAL = 0 kg
Page 20
10. Security condition - 36% Wind & Wind direction theta - 0 deg BROKEN WIRE
TRANSVERSE LOAD
EARTH WIRE
TOTAL = 1398 kg
CONDUCTOR
TOTAL = 3021 kg
VERTICAL LOAD
EARTH WIRE
TOTAL = 160 kg
CONDUCTOR
TOTAL = 650 kg
LONGITUDINAL LOAD
EARTH WIRE
Wire pull 2209
TOTAL = 2209 kg
CONDUCTOR
Conductor pull 4678

TOTAL = 4678 kg
Page 21
11. Safty condition - No Wind NORMAL
TRANSVERSE LOAD
EARTH WIRE
TOTAL = 1594 kg
CONDUCTOR
TOTAL = 3389 kg
VERTICAL LOAD
EARTH WIRE
TOTAL = 410 kg
CONDUCTOR
TOTAL = 1098 kg
LONGITUDINAL LOAD
EARTH WIRE
Wire pull [1.0*1563]* MSF 1594

TOTAL = 1594 kg
CONDUCTOR
Conductor pull [1.0*2286]*MSF 5084

TOTAL = 5084 kg
Page 22
12. Safety condition - No Wind BROKEN WIRE
TRANSVERSE LOAD
EARTH WIRE

[ EWT*SIN D/2 ]
TOTAL = 797 kg
CONDUCTOR
TOTAL = 1695 kg
VERTICAL LOAD
EARTH WIRE
TOTAL = 310 kg
CONDUCTOR
TOTAL = 800 kg
LONGITUDINAL LOAD
EARTH WIRE
Wire pull 1594
[ 2*0.5*EWT * MSF] TOTAL = 1594 kg
FOR INTACT WIRES = [ 1.5*1563*MSF] 2391
CONDUCTOR
Conductor pull 3389

[ 2*0.5*CT * MSF] TOTAL = 3389 kg
FOR INTACT WIRES = [ 1.5*2286*MSF] 5084
Page 23
13. Anti-Cascading - No Wind 0 DEG
TRANSVERSE LOAD
EARTH WIRE
TOTAL = 1967 kg
CONDUCTOR
TOTAL = 4250 kg
VERTICAL LOAD
EARTH WIRE
TOTAL = 260 kg
CONDUCTOR
TOTAL = 948 kg
LONGITUDINAL LOAD
EARTH WIRE
Wire pull [1*1563*COS(0) * MSF ] 1594
TOTAL = 1594 kg
CONDUCTOR
Conductor pull [1*2286*COS(0) * MSF] 3389

TOTAL = 3389 kg
Page 24
CALCULATION OF WIND LOAD ON TOWER BODY [AS PER IS:802]
TOWER: LS + 0m FULL WIND q= 0 DEG
EFF. AREA FULL AREA SOLIDITY Cdt Gt WIND LOAD C.G FROM GL
Aet RATIO in kg
IN SQ.M IN SQ.M TRANS LONGI IN METRE
PEAK 1.770 8.780 0.202 1.80 2.10 631 0 33.48
X-ARM BODY 5.150 22.710 0.227 1.78 2.05 1773 0 25.35
LOWER BODY 11.360 63.020 0.180 1.80 1.95 3762 0 12.83
EXT + 0m 0.000 0.000
WIND LOAD ON TRANSVERSE DIRECTION, Fwt trans = Pd*(1+0.2*Sin²(2q))*(Aet*Cdt*Cosq)*Gt
Pd in kg/sq.m = 94.35
q - Angle of incidence of wind direction ^ to Longitdnl face of Tower = 0
Sin q 0
Cos q 1
Aet - Effective area of tower See Table
Cdt - Drag coefficient See Table
Gt - Gust response factor See Table
WIND LOAD ON LONGITUDINAL DIRECTION, Fwt longi = Pd*(1+0.2*Sin²(2q)*(Aet*Cdt*Sinq)*Gt
BENDING MOMENT AT THE G.L. IN TRANSVERSE DIR = 114351.5 kg.m
BENDING MOMENT AT THE G.L. IN LONGITUDINAL DIR = 0.0 kg.m
Page 25
CALCULATION OF WIND LOAD ON TOWER BODY
RATIO in kg
PEAK 1.770 8.780 0.202 1.80 2.10 629 363 33.48
X-ARM BODY 5.150 22.710 0.227 1.78 2.05 1766 1019 25.35
LOWER BODY 11.360 63.020 0.180 1.80 1.95 3747 2163 12.83
EXT + 0m 0.000 0.000
WIND LOAD ON TRANSVERSE DIRECTION, Fwt trans = Pd*(1+0.2*Sin²(2q)*(Aet*Cdt*Cosq)*Gt
Sin q 0.499987
Cos q 0.866033
Page 26
RATIO in kg
PEAK 1.770 8.780 0.202 1.80 2.10 536 536 33.48
X-ARM BODY 5.150 22.710 0.227 1.78 2.05 1505 1504 25.35
LOWER BODY 11.360 63.020 0.180 1.80 1.95 3192 3192 12.83
EXT + 0m 0.000 0.000
WIND LOAD ON TRANSVERSE DIRECTION, Fwt trans = Pd*(1+0.2*Sin²(2q))*(Aet*Cdt*Cosq)*Gt
Sin q 0.70709
Cos q 0.707123
Page 27
TOWER: LS + 0m 36% WIND q= 0 DEG
EFF. AREA FULL AREA SOLIDITY Cdt Gt WIND LOAD C.G FROM PL
RATIO in kg
PEAK 1.770 8.780 0.202 1.80 2.10 227 0 33.48
X-ARM BODY 5.150 22.710 0.227 1.78 2.05 638 0 25.35
LOWER BODY 11.360 63.020 0.180 1.80 1.95 1354 0 12.83
EXT + 0m 0.000 0.000
Sin q 0
Cos q 1
Page 28
RATIO in kg
PEAK 1.770 8.780 0.202 1.80 2.10 226 131 33.48
X-ARM BODY 5.150 22.710 0.227 1.78 2.05 636 367 25.35
LOWER BODY 11.360 63.020 0.180 1.80 1.95 1349 779 12.83
EXT + 0m 0.000 0.000
Sin q 0.499987
Cos q 0.866033
Page 29
RATIO in kg
PEAK 1.770 8.780 0.202 1.80 2.10 193 193 33.48
X-ARM BODY 5.150 22.710 0.227 1.78 2.05 542 542 25.35
LOWER BODY 11.360 63.020 0.180 1.80 1.95 1149 1149 12.83
EXT + 0m 0.000 0.000
Sin q 0.70709
Cos q 0.707123
Page 30
RATIO in kg
PEAK 1.770 8.780 0.202 1.80 2.10 473 0 33.48
X-ARM BODY 5.150 22.710 0.227 1.78 2.05 1330 0 25.35
LOWER BODY 11.360 63.020 0.180 1.80 1.95 2822 0 12.83
EXT + 0m 0.000 0.000
Sin q 0
Cos q 1
Page 31
RELIABILITY CONDITION - 1 FULL WIND THETA = 0 DEG
V= 260
Tr = 4331
EL + 36.68 V= 948 EW Lg = 0 V= 948
Tr = 9243 Tr = 9243
Lg = 0 Lg = 0
EL + 30.684 C C
V= 948 V= 948
Tr = 9243 Tr = 9243
Lg = 0 Lg = 0
EL + 25.350 C C
V= 948 V= 948
Tr = 9243 Tr = 9243
Lg = 0 Lg = 0
EL + 20.016 C C
LS+0m TOWER
BENDING MOMENT, M AT GROUND LEVEL:
DUE TO CONDUCTOR & EARTH WIRE = 1564659.1 KG.M
DUE TO WIND ON TOWER IN TRANSVRSE DIRECTION = 116638.5 KG.M

DUE TO WIND ON TOWER IN LONGITUDINAL DIRECTION = 0.0
DUE TO DIFF IN VERTICAL LOAD = 0.0 KG.M
TOTAL M = 1681297.6 KG.M

DISTANCE BETWEEN THE LEGS = 7.50 M
THRUST / PULL DUE TO MOMENT = M / (2* DISTANCE BET LEGS)

1,12,087 KG
LOADS IN KG
V - VERTICAL LOAD; Tr - TRANSVERSE LOAD; Lg - LONGITUDINAL LOAD
Page 32
V= 260
Tr = 4520
EL + 36.68 V= 948 EW Lg = 0 V= 948
Tr = 9647 Tr = 9647
Lg = 65 Lg = 65
EL + 30.684 C C
V= 948 V= 948
Tr = 9647 Tr = 9647
Lg = 65 Lg = 65
EL + 25.35 C C
V= 948 V= 948
Tr = 9647 Tr = 9647
Lg = 65 Lg = 65
EL + 20.016 C C
LS+0m TOWER
BENDING MOMENT, M AT G.L.:

TOTAL M = 1826106.2 KG.M

DISTANCE BETWEEN THE LEGS = 7.50 m
1,21,740 KG
LOADS IN KG
Page 33
V= 260
Tr = 4470
EL + 36.7 V= 948 EW Lg = 0 V= 948
Tr = 9513 Tr = 9513
Lg = 91 Lg = 91
EL + 30.684 C C
V= 948 V= 948
Tr = 9513 Tr = 9513
Lg = 91 Lg = 91
EL + 25.35 C C
V= 948 V= 948
Tr = 9513 Tr = 9513
Lg = 91 Lg = 91
EL + 20.016 C C
LS+0m TOWER

DUE TO WIND ON TOWER IN LONGITUDINAL DIRECTION = 97028.2 KG.M
TOTAL M = 1820788.1 KG.M

DISTANCE BETWEEN THE LEGS = 7.50 m
1,21,386 KG
LOADS IN KG
Page 34
RELIABILITY CONDITION - 4 36% WIND THETA = 0 DEG
V= 260
Tr = 2755
EL + 36.68 V= 948 EW Lg = 0 V= 948
Tr = 5904 Tr = 5904
Lg = 0 Lg = 0
EL + 30.684 C C
V= 948 V= 948
Tr = 5904 Tr = 5904
Lg = 0 Lg = 0
EL + 25.35 C C
V= 948 V= 948
Tr = 5904 Tr = 5904
Lg = 0 Lg = 0
EL + 20.016 C C
LS+0m TOWER

TOTAL = 1040996.0 KG.M
THRUST / PULL DUE TO MOMENT = M / 2* DISTANCE BET LEGS

69,400 KG
LOADS IN KG
Page 35
V= 260
Tr = 2823
EL + 36.68 V= 948 EW Lg = 0 V= 948
Tr = 6049 Tr = 6049
Lg = 23 Lg = 23
EL + 30.684 C C
V= 948 V= 948
Tr = 6049 Tr = 6049
Lg = 23 Lg = 23
EL + 25.35 C C
V= 948 V= 948
Tr = 6049 Tr = 6049
Lg = 23 Lg = 23
EL + 20.016 C C
LS+0m TOWER

TOTAL = 1093127.1 KG.M

72,875 KG
LOADS IN KG
Page 36
V= 260
Tr = 2805
EL + 36.68 V= 948 EW Lg = 0 V= 948
Tr = 6001 Tr = 6001
Lg = 33 Lg = 33
EL + 30.684 C C
V= 948 V= 948
Tr = 6001 Tr = 6001
Lg = 33 Lg = 33
EL + 25.35 C C
V= 948 V= 948
Tr = 6001 Tr = 6001
Lg = 33 Lg = 33
EL + 20.016 C C
LS+0m TOWER

DUE TO WIND ON TOWER IN LONGITUDINAL DIRECTION = 35628.8 KG.M
TOTAL = 1091911.2 KG.M

72,794 KG
LOADS IN KG
Page 37
SECURITY CONDITION - 7 75% WIND THETA = 0 DEG
V= 160
Tr = 1854
EL + 36.68 V= 948 EW Lg = 2768 V= 650
Tr = 7632 Tr = 3970
Lg = 0 Lg = 5722
EL + 30.684 C C
V= 948 V= 650
Tr = 7632 Tr = 3970
Lg = 0 Lg = 5722
EL + 25.35 C C
V= 948 V= 948
Tr = 7632 Tr = 7632
Lg = 0 Lg = 0
EL + 20.016 C C
LS+0m TOWER

TOTAL = 1535775.1 KG.M

1,02,385 KG
LOADS IN KG
Page 38
V= 260
Tr = 3622
EL + 36.68 V= 948 EW Lg = 0 V= 650
Tr = 7632 Tr = 3970
Lg = 0 Lg = 5722
EL + 30.684 C C
V= 948 V= 650
Tr = 7632 Tr = 3970
Lg = 0 Lg = 5722
EL + 25.35 C C
V= 948 V= 650
Tr = 7632 Tr = 3970
Lg = 0 Lg = 5722
EL + 20.016 C C
LS+0m TOWER

TOTAL = 1541562.8 KG.M

1,02,771 KG
LOADS IN KG
Page 39
V= 160
Tr = 1398
EL + 36.68 V= 948 EW Lg = 2209 V= 650
Tr = 5904 Tr = 3021
Lg = 0 Lg = 4678
EL + 30.684 C C
V= 948 V= 650
Tr = 5904 Tr = 3021
Lg = 0 Lg = 4678
EL + 25.35 C C
V= 948 V= 948
Tr = 5904 Tr = 5904
Lg = 0 Lg = 0
EL + 20.016 C C
LS+0m TOWER

TOTAL = 1175310.1 KG.M

78,354 KG
LOADS IN KG
Page 40
V= 260
Tr = 2755
EL + 36.68 V= 948 EW Lg = 0 V= 650
Tr = 5904 Tr = 3021
Lg = 0 Lg = 4678
EL + 30.684 C C
V= 948 V= 650
Tr = 5904 Tr = 3021
Lg = 0 Lg = 4678
EL + 25.35 C C
V= 948 V= 650
Tr = 5904 Tr = 3021
Lg = 0 Lg = 4678
EL + 20.016 C C
LS+0m TOWER

TOTAL = 1181224.6 KG.M

78,748 KG
LOADS IN KG
Page 41
SAFETY CONDITION - 11 NO WIND THETA = - DEG NORMAL

INTACT
V= 410
Tr = 1594
EL + 36.680 V= 1098 EW Lg = 1594 V= 1098
Tr = 3389 Tr = 3389
Lg = 5084 Lg = 5084
EL + 30.684 C C
V= 1098 V= 1098
Tr = 3389 Tr = 3389
Lg = 5084.19 Lg = 5084
EL + 23.216 C C
V= 1098 V= 1098
Tr = 3389 Tr = 3389
Lg = 5084.19 Lg = 5084
EL + 20.016 C C
LS+0m TOWER

TOTAL = 1369631.5 KG.M

91,309 KG
LOADS IN KG
Page 42
SAFETY CONDITION - 12 NO WIND THETA = - DEG BWC
V= 310
Tr = 797
EL + 36.68 V= 1098 EW Lg = 1594 V= 800
Tr = 3389 Tr = 1695
Lg = 5084 Lg = 3389
EL + 30.684 C C
V= 1098 V= 800
Tr = 3389 Tr = 1695
Lg = 5084.19 Lg = 3389
EL + 25.35 C C
V= 1098 V= 1098
Tr = 3389 Tr = 3389
Lg = 5084.19 Lg = 5084
EL + 20.016 C C
LS+0m TOWER
BENDING MOMENT AT BASE:
BENDING MOMENT, M AT G.L.: 1186633.3 KG.M

TOTAL = 1189103.6 KG.M

79,274 KG
LOADS IN KG
Page 43
SAFETY CONDITION - 13 NO WIND THETA = - DEG BWC
V= 410
Tr = 1594
EL + 36.68 V= 1098 EW Lg = 2391 V= 800
Tr = 3389 Tr = 1695
Lg = 5084 Lg = 3389
EL + 30.684 C C
V= 1098 V= 800
Tr = 3389 Tr = 1695
Lg = 5084.19 Lg = 3389
EL + 25.35 C C
V= 1098 V= 800
Tr = 3389 Tr = 1695
Lg = 5084.19 Lg = 3389
EL + 20.016 C C
LS+0m TOWER

TOTAL = 1180972.7 KG.M

78,732 KG
LOADS IN KG
Page 44
ANTI-CASCADING - 14 NO WIND THETA = - DEG
V= 260
Tr = 1967
EL + 36.68 V= 948 EW Lg = 1594 V= 948
Tr = 4250 Tr = 4250
Lg = 3389 Lg = 3389
EL + 30.684 C C
V= 948 V= 948
Tr = 4250 Tr = 4250
Lg = 3389.46 Lg = 3389
EL + 25.35 C C
V= 948 V= 948
Tr = 4250 Tr = 4250
Lg = 3389.46 Lg = 3389
EL + 20.016 C C
LS+0m TOWER

TOTAL = 1292624.5 KG.M

86,175 KG
LOADS IN KG
Page 45
LOCATION NUMBER:
SUMMARY OF FOUNDATION FORCES AT GROUND LEVEL PER ONE LEG
LOC.
CRITICAL LOAD CASE --> 2 8

LOADS in kg
VERTICAL FORCE, THRUST @ GL 121740 1,02,771
SELF WT OF TOWER, COND., EW etc. 4395 3,223
TOTAL VERTICAL FORCE THRUST 126135 1,05,994
VERTICAL FORCE, UPLIFT @ GL 121740 1,02,771

SELF WT OF TOWER, COND., EW etc. 4395 3,223
TOTAL VERTICAL FORCE THRUST 117346 1,05,994
TRANSVRSE FORCE 15600 9607
LONGITUDINAL FORCE 388 4292
FACTORED LOADS WITH 20%
LOC.
CRITICAL LOAD CASE --> 2 8
LOADS in kg
VERTICAL FORCE, THRUST @ GL 151362 1,23,325
VERTICAL FORCE, UPLIFT @ GL 140815 1,23,325
TRANSVRSE FORCE 18720 11,528
LONGITUDINAL FORCE 466 5,150
p.46
Page 46
FOUNDATION DESIGN FOR LSO 230 KV TRANSMISSION TOWER
Line : 230 kV D/C Transmission Line

Project : STRENGTHENING OF 230 kV TR LINE FROM SP KOIL 230 KV SS TO ORAGADAM 230 kV LINE
Tower Type : LS ( For +0M Extn ) NORMAL

Foundation : NORMAL - Fully submerged type
Design loads (Ultimate loads incluse of overload factor of 1.20)
Down thrust (kg) 151370

Uplift (kg) 140820
Side thrust (T) (kg) 18720
Side thrust (L) (kg) 470
Tower slope :
Tan Q = 0.1584
True length factor 1.0125
Normal soil data :
Unit weight of dry soil (Wted) (kg/cum) 1450

Unit weight of wet soil (Wtew) (kg/cum) 950
Limit bearing capacity of wet soil (kg/sqm) 36000

Unit weight of concrete in dry soil (kg/cum) 2500
Unit weight of concrete in wet soil (kg/cum) 1500
Angle of friction in dry soil (deg) 30
Angle of friction in wet soil (deg) 15
Dimensions of foundations
Base width of bottom of foundation (Wb) 5.000 m

Height of bottom pad of lean concrete (Hbp) 0.100 m
Height of foundation (Hf) 4.200 m
Height of first pad (H1) 0.400 m
Width at bottom of first pad (W1b) 5.000 m
Width at top of first pad (W1t) 4.200 m
Height of second pad (H2) 0.300 m
Width of second pad (W2) 2.100 m
Width of chimney (Wc) 0.900 m
Height of chimney above GL (Hca) 6.300 m
Height of chimney below GL (Hcb) 3.400 m
Height of dry soil 0.000 m
Height of wet soil 4.100 m
Height of chimney in dry soil 0.000 m
Height of chimney in wet soil 3.400 m
P. 47
Volume of concrete :
Volume of bottom pad (lean concrete) 2.500 cum

Volume of first pad 8.485 cum
Volume of second pad 1.323 cum
Volume of chimney above GL 5.103 cum
Volume of chimney in dry soil below GL 0.000 cum
Volume of chimney in wet soil below GL 2.754 cum
20.165 cum
Overload due to concrete :
Comp(kg) Uplift(kg)
Wt of concrete above GL 12758 7655

Wt of concrete below GL in dry soil 0 0
Wt of concrete below GL in wet soil 23347 8284
36104 15939
Volume of soil :
The formula for calculating the volume of conical pyramid frustum of soil
Volume of upper portion of soil ( Dry volume )
A1 = B^2+4*B*HL*TAN(alpha)+PIE*HL^2*(TAN(alpha))^2
A2 = B^2+4*B*(HL*TAN(alpha)+Hu*TAN(beta))+PIE*(HL*(TAN(alpha)+Hu*TAN(beta))^2
Vu = Hu/3 * {A1+A2+(A1*A2)^0.5}
Volume of lower portion ( Wet soil )
VL = B^2*HL+2*B*Hl^2*TAN(alpha)+1/3*PIE*HL^3*(TAN(alpha))^2
Where
B = Width of soil frustum 5.000
HL = Height of wet soil 4.100
TAN(alpha) 0.268
TAN(beta) 0.577
Hu = Height of dry soil 0.000
A1 = 50.762
A2 = 50.762
Vu = 0.000 cum
VL = 152.721 cum
Check for Uplift :
Weight of dry earth 0

Weight of wet earth 145085
Overload due to concrete 15939
161024 kg
Factor of safety = 161024 / 140820 1.14 Ok
P. 48
Moment due to side thrst at foundation toe :
Transverse side thrust
Side thrust (F) = 1/2 * Wte * h^2 * Wc * {(1+sinQ)/(1-sinQ)}
Wte = 950
F= 18720
Wc = 0.900
sinQ = 0.259
h= 5.078 m or
2.900 m
Since h < 2.900 2.900

m therefore the soil pressure will only be mobilised in
Resisting soil force 6106 kg
Moment due side thrust at the base of the footing 62143 kgm
Longitudinal side thrust
Side thrust (F) = 1/2 * Wte * h^2 * Wc * {(1+sinQ)/(1-sinQ)}
Wte = 950
F= 470
Wc = 0.900
sinQ = 0.259
h= 0.805 m
2.900 m
Since h < 2.900 0.805

m therefore the soil pressure will only be mobilised in
Resisting soil force 470 kg
Moment due side thrust at the base of the footing 4433 kgm
Check for bearing :
Bearing pressure due to compression 7407 kg/sqm

< 36000 kg/sqm
Bearing pressure due to side thrust 3196

10602 kg/sqm
< 36000 kg/sqm
P. 49
Design of chimney :
Compression with Bending
Dia of bar provided 20 mm

No of bar provided 20
Unit wt of bar 1.6 kg/m
Area of concrete chimney 810000 sqmm
Area of steel in comp (ASC) 6280 sqmm
Percentage of steel (p) 0.775
fck 20
p/fck 0.04
Puc 151370 kg
1484940 N
Puc/fckbd 0.09
d' 50 mm
d 900 mm
d'/d 0.06
As per chart 44 of Sp. 16
Mux1/fckbd^2 0.1
Mux1 1458000000 Nmm
1458.0 kNm
Muy1 1458.0 kNm
Moment at the root of the chimney
Mux 58929 kgm
578.09 kNm
Muy 4433 kgm
43.49 kNm
(Mux/Mux1) + (Muy/Muy1) < 1.00
0.43 < 1.00 Hence OK
P. 50
Design of Base slab :
Design Bearing pressure =Pbc= (P/A) + (Pex/Z) + MAX[ST Moment,SL Moment]/Z
Design Bearing pressure 10602 kg/sqm

0.1040 N/sqmm
Effective depth at section X-X (d1) 626 mm
Effective depth at section Y-Y (d2) 326 mm
Compression reinforcement :
Bending moment at Section X-X = MUX1 = Pbc*(Wb-Wc)^2/8 * Wb
MUX1 1092734399 Nmm

1092.7 kNm
MU, LIM = 0.36 Xu, Max/d (1-0.42Xu,max/d)bd^2*fck

As per Cl. 37.1f of IS 456
for Fe 415 grade steel Xumax/d = 0.48
MU, LIM = 2271 kNm
MUX1/bd^2 = 1.33 < 2.76
Hence section to be designed as singly section
From table 2 of SP 16
pt = 0.4
Hence Ast = 5258 sqmm
Ast provided
Dia of bar = 16 mm
Unit wt of bar = 1.6 kg/m
No of bar = 28
Ast = 5607 sqmm > 5258
Bending moment at Section Y-Y = MUY1 = Pb*(Wb-W3)^2/8 * Wb
MUY1 = 5.5E+08 Nmm

546.692 kNm
MUY1/bd^2 = 1.22 < 2.76
Hence section to be designed as singly section
From table 2 of SP 16
pt = 0.300
Hence Ast = 4108 sqmm
Ast provided
Dia of bar 16 mm
No of bar 28
Ast = 5607 sqmm
P. 51
Uplift reinforcement :
Design Bearing pressure =Pbt= (Pt/Wb^2-Wc^2)
Design Bearing pressure 5821

0.0571
Effective depth at section X-X (d1) 626 kg/sqm

N/sqmm
Effective depth at section Y-Y (d2) 326
mm
Bending moment at Section X-X = MUX2 = Pbt*(Wb-Wc)^2/8
mm
MUX2 119998330.9
MUX2 = 0.87*415*Ast*d1*(1-Ast*(415/1000*d2*15))
Nmm/m
119998330.9
Ast* 226017
1-Ast* 6.36503E-05
a= 6.36503E-05
b= -1
c= 530.9254244
Hence Ast = 550
Ast required 1155 sqmm

Ast provided 1243
Dia of bar 12 mm
No of bar 11
Bending moment at Section Y-Y = MUY2 = Pbt*(Wb-W3)^2/8
MUY2 60034858.01
MUY2 = 0.87*415*Ast*d1*(1-Ast*(415/1000*d2*20))
Nmm/m
60034858.01
Ast* 117702
1-Ast* 6.36503E-05
a= 6.36503E-05
b= -1
c= 510.0567959
Hence Ast = 528
Ast required = 1108 sqmm

Ast provided 1130
Dia of bar 12 mm
No of bar 10
Ast = 1130 sqmm
P. 52
Check for one way shear :
At section X-X
Design bearing pressure (p) : 0.1040 N/sqmm
Shear force = V1 = 148107.4 N/m width
Shear stress = 0.237 N/sqmm
% of steel = (Ast /bd) * 100 0.18
As per table 19 of IS 456

Allowable shear stress = 0.36 N/sqmm > 0.237
Hence OK
At section Y-Y N/sqmm
Shear force = V1 = 116905 N/m width
% of steel = (Ast /bd) * 100 0.34
As per table 19 of IS 456

Allowable shear stress = 0.52 N/sqmm > 0.359
Hence OK
Check for two way shear :
N/sqmm
At section X-X
Shear force = V2 = 2358000 N
Allowable shear stress = 0.25*(20)^2

1.11803 N/sqmm > 0.617
Hence OK
N/sqmm
At section Y-Y
Shear force = V2 = 1988064 N
Allowable shear stress = 0.25*(20)^2

1.11803 N/sqmm > 0.628
Hence OK
P. 53
Check for Sliding :
Wte = Wt * {(1+sinQ)/(1-sinQ)}
For dry soil

Wte = 1450
sinQ = 0.500
Wte = 4350
For wet soil

Wte = 950
sinQ = 0.259
Wte = 1613
3.400
F1 = 8393 5486 kgm
0.400
F2 = 4879 6131 kgm
0.300
F3 = 8030 6615 kgm
0.100
F4 = 3348 6777 kgm
Total = 24651
FOS = 1.32 > 1.00 ok
Check for overturning :
Resultant side thrust = 18726 kg
Total overturning moment due to uplift & side thrust 282021 kgm
Total resisting moment 362714 kgm
Factor of safety = 1.29 Hence OK
P. 54

FDN Design Lso Tower

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TANTANSCO

SE/ GCC / CHENNAI

CONTRACTOR : M/s ULTRA POWER BUILDERS

2. LOAD TREE FOR RELIABILITY, SECURITY & SAFETY CONDITIONS … P. 32

3. DESIGN OF RCC FOOTING & CHIMNEY … P. 47

4. DRAWING SHOWING RCC FOUNDATION … P. 56

NAME OF WORK : DESIGN OF RCC FOUNDATION FOR LSO 230 KV TOWER

DESIGN WIND PRESSURE NEWTON /SQ.M 925

WIND SPAN FOR NC IN METER [L] 300

DRAG COEFFICIENT FOR CONDUCTOR [ Cdc ] 1.0

GUST RESPONSE FACTOR FOR CONDUCTOR [ Gc ] 2.04

Materials Strength Factor MSF 1.02

SAG TENSION TABLE FOR ZEBRA CONDUCTOR

W PR = 192 KQ/SQ.M UTS= 13289 KG

SL.No. TEMP WIND FACTOR TENSION SAG F.O.S

SAG TENSION TABLE FOR 7/3.55 EARTHWIRE

W PR = 232 KQ/SQ.M UTS= 6251 KG

SL.No. TEMP WIND FACTOR TENSION SAG F.O.S

FULL WIND AND WIND DIRECTION, THETA - 0 DEG

Wind Load on conductor, Fwc : (Pd * Sin²W) * L* Dc * Gc * Cdc

Pd - design wind pressure in kg/sq.m = 94.35

q - Angle of incidence of wind direction with L to Longi face of tower 0

There fore Wind Load on conductor, Fwc 1239.5 kg

Wind Load on Earth wire, Fwew : (Pd * Sin²W) * L* Dew * Gc * Cdc

Pd - design wind pressure in kg/sq.m = 94.35

There fore Wind Load on Earth wire, Fwew 556.2 kg

Wind Load on Insulator string, Fwi :

In Transverse direction, Fwi trans = : Pd * Ai * Gi * Cdi * Cos q

Pd = 94.35 Ai = 0.28 Gi = 2 Cdi= 1.2 Cosq = 1

Fwi trans = 63.4 kg

In Longitudinal direction, Fwi longit = : Pd * Ai * Gi * Cdi * Sin q

Pd = 94.35 Ai = 0.28 Gi = 2 Cdi= 1.2 Sinq = 0

Fwi LONGI = 0.0 kg

FULL WIND AND WIND DIRECTION, THETA - 30 DEG

Wind Load on conductor, Fwc : (Pd * Sin²W) * L* Dc * Gc * Cdc

Pd - design wind pressure in kg/sq.m = 94.35

q - Angle of incidence of wind direction with L to Longi face of tower 30

There fore Wind Load on conductor, Fwc 1652.6 kg

Wind Load on Earth wire, Fwew : (Pd * Sin²W) * L* Dew * Gc * Cdc

Pd - design wind pressure in kg/sq.m = 94.35

There fore Wind Load on Earth wire, Fwew 741.6 kg

Wind Load on Insulator string, Fwi :

In Transverse direction, Fwi trans = : Pd * Ai * Gi * Cdi * Cos q

Pd = 94.35 Ai = 0.28 Gi = 2 Cdi= 1.2 Cosq = 0.866

Fwi trans = 54.9 kg

In Longitudinal direction, Fwi longit = : Pd * Ai * Gi * Cdi * Sin q

Pd = 94.35 Ai = 0.28 Gi = 2 Cdi= 1.2 Sinq = 0.5

Fwi longi = 31.7 kg

FULL WIND AND WIND DIRECTION, THETA - 45 DEG

Wind Load on conductor, Fwc : (Pd * Sin²W) * L* Dc * Gc * Cdc

Pd - design wind pressure in kg/sq.m = 94.35

q - Angle of incidence of wind direction with L to Longi face of tower 45

There fore Wind Load on conductor, Fwc 1541.8 kg

Wind Load on Earth wire, Fwew : (Pd * Sin²W) * L* Dew * Gc * Cdc

Pd - design wind pressure in kg/sq.m = 94.35

There fore Wind Load on Earth wire, Fwew 691.9 kg

Wind Load on Insulator string, Fwi :

In Transverse direction, Fwi trans = : Pd * Ai * Gi * Cdi * Cos q

Pd = 94.35 Ai = 0.28 Gi = 2.0 Cdi= 1.2 Cosq = 0.7071