E Eng-Calculations

Hydrodynamic calculation Butterfly valve

lenticular disc s/D = 0.26

Qair
α
Q max
D

+M H +F x Φ
+F y +F

0.5D
0.5 D

L
0.5D
0.5 D

s
R

+F
+F by
bx

Butterfly valve (lenticular disc s/D = 0.26 )

Values for calculation

Valve diameter

D 2000 mm

Dimension s

s 520 mm

Dimension R
 R 2300 mm

Flow

Qmax 15 3
m /s

Rated net head

H 160 m

Gravitational acceleration

g 9.81 m/s
2

The water temperature

T 25 °C

Density

ρ 997.7 kg/m
3

Saturated vapor pressure

PT 3169.7 Pa

Water hammer

Δ P 160 m

Valve axis position to sea level

h 450 m

Air density

ρair 1.173 kg/m

3

Atmospheric pressure

pa 96033.2 Pa

Aeration

n yes

Closing time
 t 20 s

Pipe length behind valve

L 10 m

Loss coefficient

ζ 0.1866

Calculation
Velocity in valve
6 6
4 ⋅ 10 ⋅ Qmax 4 ⋅ 10 ⋅ 15
vmax = =
2
= 4.775m/s
π⋅D 2
π ⋅ 2000

Theoretical pressure in the valve at full opening

2
vmax
2
4.775
Δh = ⋅ ( ζ + 1) = ⋅ (0.1866 + 1) = 1.379m
2 ⋅ g 2 ⋅ 9.81

Pressure parameter
Δh 1.379
p= = = 0.00862
H 160

Effective closing time factor

cef = 0.2692

Under-pressure behind the valve

L ⋅ vmax 10 ⋅ 4.775
Pu = max (− , −9.81) = max (− , −9.81) = −0.904m
g ⋅ t ⋅ cef 9.81 ⋅ 20 ⋅ 0.2692

Requirements
0 < p ≤ 1 → 0 < 0.00862 ≤ 1

 Does suit.
 Coefficient Coefficient Coefficient Coefficient
of of of of
Angle hydraulic hydraulic hydraulic hydraulic
from force on a force on a force on force on Hydraulic
open Flow disc in the disc in the body in body in torque
position coefficient axis x axis y the axis x the axis y coefficient

α KQ Kx Ky Kbx Kby Km

0 0.918 0.145 0.009 0.337 0.003 0

5 0.812 0.118 0.044 0.265 0.045 0.017

10 0.634 0.096 0.078 0.186 0.086 0.033

15 0.535 0.085 0.113 0.162 0.147 0.05

20 0.501 0.12 0.183 0.203 0.182 0.058

25 0.466 0.209 0.297 0.273 0.217 0.065

30 0.412 0.321 0.45 0.378 0.236 0.066

35 0.365 0.431 0.568 0.483 0.249 0.064

40 0.316 0.544 0.542 0.588 0.255 0.059

45 0.25 0.68 0.488 0.695 0.255 0.049

50 0.162 0.775 0.434 0.786 0.143 0.034

55 0.105 0.864 0.379 0.883 0.072 0.015

60 0.071 0.924 0.325 0.945 0.029 0.009

65 0.042 0.964 0.271 0.987 0.003 0.007

70 0.02 0.988 0.217 1.001 -0.001 0.005

75 0.012 0.995 0.163 0.999 -0.001 0.003

80 0.005 0.998 0.108 0.999 -0.001 0.002

85 0.001 0.999 0.054 0.999 0 0.0002

90 0 1 0 1 0 0
 -●-Kx [−]
-●-Ky [−]
-●-Kbx [−]
-●-Kby [−]

α[°]
Coefficient of force
 -●-KQ [−]

α[°]
Flow coefficient
 -●-Km [−]

α[°]
Hydraulic torque coefficient
 Angle Reduced
between free flow
Angle pipe axis area in the Flow of Water
from and throttle water in velocity
open Loss hydraulic control Relative the in
position coefficient force system flow pipeline pipeline

α ζ ϕ fr Qp Q v
3
° ° m /s m/s

0 0.1866 3.552 1 1 15 4.775

5 0.517 20.45 0.885 0.999 14.98 4.769

10 1.488 39.09 0.691 0.995 14.93 4.752

15 2.494 53 0.583 0.992 14.88 4.735

20 2.984 56.7 0.546 0.99 14.85 4.727

25 3.605 54.9 0.508 0.988 14.82 4.716

30 4.891 54.5 0.4488 0.983 14.75 4.695

35 6.51 52.8 0.3976 0.978 14.67 4.669

40 9.01 44.89 0.3442 0.969 14.54 4.629

45 15 35.67 0.2723 0.95 14.25 4.537

50 37.1 29.25 0.1765 0.888 13.32 4.24

55 89.7 23.69 0.1144 0.778 11.68 3.717

60 197.4 19.38 0.0773 0.641 9.62 3.062

65 565.9 15.7 0.04575 0.4425 6.64 2.113

70 2499 12.39 0.02179 0.2285 3.428 1.091

75 6943.4 9.3 0.01307 0.1395 2.092 0.666

80 39999 6.18 0.00545 0.0586 0.879 0.2797

85 999999 3.094 0.001089 0.01173 0.176 0.056

90 1.0E+200 0 0 0 0 0
 -●-ζ[−]

α[°]
Loss coefficient

2
1 − KQ
ζ= 2
KQ
 -●-ϕ[°]

α[°]
Angle between pipe axis and hydraulic force

−1
Ky
ϕ = tan ( )
Kx
 -●-fr [−]
-●-Qp [−]

α[°]
Coefficients

KQ
fr =
KQmax

fr
Qp =

√ p + fr2
⋅ (1 − p)
 -●-Q[m 3
/s]

-●-v[m/s]

α[°]
Flow and speed of water in the pipeline

Q = Qp ⋅ Qmax

v = Qp ⋅ vmax
Angle from open Loss of pressure on the Pressure on the Cavitation
position valve valve number

α HL Hv σ

° m m

0 0.2169 1.379 122.8

5 0.599 1.951 86.6

10 1.713 3.619 46.37

15 2.85 5.32 31.3

20 3.398 6.15 27.02

25 4.087 7.18 23.03

30 5.5 9.3 17.63

35 7.23 11.91 13.63

40 9.84 15.86 10.07

45 15.74 24.8 6.2

50 34 52.9 2.56

55 63.2 99.5 1.068

60 94.3 152.5 0.493

65 128.7 218.7 0.1864

70 151.7 275.8 0.0646

75 156.9 295.4 0.04264

80 159.5 310.9 0.03228

85 160 319 0.02981

90 160 320.9 0.02957

 -●-HL [m]
-●-Hv [m]

α[°]
Loss of height on valve and pressure height on Butterfly valve

2
v
HL = ⋅ ζ
2 ⋅ g
2
v
Hv = HL + + (1 − Qp ) ⋅ (ΔP − Pu )
2 ⋅ g
 -●-σ[−]

α[°]
Cavitation number

pa − P T
ρ⋅g + H − HL
σ=
Hv
 Forces on Forces on The force at The force at
Angle from disc in axis disc in axis Forces the valve axis the valve axis
open position x y on disc x y

α Fx Fy F Fbx Fby

° kN kN kN kN kN

0 6.15 0.3816 6.16 14.29 0.1272

5 7.08 2.639 7.55 15.89 2.699

10 10.68 8.68 13.76 20.7 9.57

15 13.91 18.5 23.15 26.52 24.06

20 22.68 34.59 41.36 38.37 34.4

25 46.15 65.6 80.2 60.3 47.92

30 91.8 128.7 158.1 108.1 67.5

35 157.8 208 261.1 176.9 91.2

40 265.2 264.3 374.4 286.7 124.3

45 518.5 372.1 638.2 530 194.4

50 1261.4 706.4 1445.7 1279.3 232.7

55 2643.7 1159.7 2886.9 2701.9 220.3

60 4332.9 1524 4593.1 4431.3 136

65 6481.4 1822 6732.6 6636 20.17

70 8380.1 1840.6 8579.8 8490.3 -8.48

75 9037.1 1480.4 9157.5 9073.4 -9.08

80 9541.6 1032.6 9597.3 9551.2 -9.56

85 9798.7 529.7 9813 9798.7 0

90 9867.3 0 9867.3 9867.3 0

 -●-Fx [kN]
-●-Fy [kN]
-●-F [kN]

α[°]
Forces on the disc

2
π⋅D
Fx =
9
⋅ ρ ⋅ g ⋅ Hv ⋅ K x
4 ⋅ 10

2
π⋅D
Fy =
9
⋅ ρ ⋅ g ⋅ Hv ⋅ K y
4 ⋅ 10

F = √ Fx 2
+ Fy
2
 -●-Fbx [kN]

α[°]
The force at the valve axis x

2
π⋅D
Fbx =
9
⋅ ρ ⋅ g ⋅ Hv ⋅ Kbx
4 ⋅ 10
 -●-Fby [kN]

α[°]
The force at the valve axis y

2
π⋅D
Fby =
9
⋅ ρ ⋅ g ⋅ Hv ⋅ Kby
4 ⋅ 10
Angle from open position Hydraulic torque without eccentricity Hydraulic torque

α M MH

° kNm kNm

0 0 0

5 2.596 2.596

10 9.35 9.35

15 20.84 20.84

20 27.92 27.92

25 36.55 36.55

30 48.06 48.06

35 59.7 59.7

40 73.3 73.3

45 95.1 95.1

50 140.9 140.9

55 116.9 116.9

60 107.5 107.5

65 119.8 119.8

70 108 108

75 69.4 69.4

80 48.69 48.69

85 4.995 4.995

90 0 0
 -●-M [kNm]

α[°]
Hydraulic torque without eccentricity

3
D ⋅ ρ ⋅ g ⋅ Hv ⋅ K m
M =
12
10
-●-MH [kNm]

α[°]
Hydraulic torque

MH = M
Angle from open Coefficient of under-pressure Under-pressure in the Air
position of aerated hole aerated pipeline flow

α fair pair Qair

3
° Pa m /s

0 0 0 0

5 1.517 -1765 0.01794

10 3.033 -3524.7 0.0704

15 4.55 -5261 0.1241

20 6.08 -6998.8 0.1501

25 7.61 -8719.6 0.1828

30 12.45 -14103.5 0.2499

35 17.29 -19357.3 0.3328

40 22.12 -24373.3 0.4589

45 43.87 -46357.3 0.747

50 65.6 -60973.9 1.68

55 87.4 -63333.8 2.335

60 109.1 -55180.8 1.924

65 130.8 -34627.6 1.327

70 152.6 -16064.2 0.686

75 174.3 -11543.5 0.4184

80 196.1 -9108.6 0.1757

85 217.8 -8777.9 0.0352

90 239.6 -8846.9 0
 -●-fair [−]

α[°]
Coefficient of under-pressure of aerated hole
 -●-pair [Pa]

α[°]
Under-pressure in the aerated pipeline

2
vmax L ⋅ vmax ⋅ ρ
pair = − min ( pa , fair ⋅ ⋅ ρ + (1 − Qp ) ⋅ min ( , pa ))
2 ⋅ g t ⋅ cef
 -●-Qair [m 3
/s]

α[°]
Air flow

pa
if Pu <
2

Qair = min ( Qmax − Q, 0.2 ⋅ Q)

else

Qair = max ( Qmax − Q, 0.2 ⋅ Q)

Angle from open Air The flow area of the The flow area of the
position velocity aerated hole aerated pipeline

α vair Aair Aair − pipe

2 2
° m/s m m

0 0 0 0

5 38.4 0.0004673 0.0004673

10 54.3 0.001297 0.001407

15 66.3 0.001872 0.002482

20 76.5 0.001963 0.003002

25 85.4 0.002142 0.003656

30 108.6 0.002302 0.004997

35 127.2 0.002617 0.00666

40 142.7 0.003216 0.00918

45 196.8 0.003796 0.01494

50 225.7 0.00744 0.03359

55 230 0.01015 0.04671

60 214.7 0.00896 0.03847

65 170.1 0.0078 0.02655

70 115.9 0.00592 0.01371

75 98.2 0.00426 0.00837

80 87.2 0.002014 0.003514

85 85.6 0.000411 0.000704

90 86 0 0
 -●-vair [m/s]

α[°]
Air velocity

2 ⋅ pair
vair = min (0.7 ⋅ √− , 250)
ρair
 -●-Aair [m 2
]

α[°]
The flow area of the aerated hole

Qair
Aair =
vair
 -●-Aair − pipe [m
2
]

α[°]
The flow area of the aerated pipeline

if vair > 50

Qair
Aair − pipe =
50

else

Aair − pipe = Aair