PAF- KARACHI INSTITUTE OF ECONOMICS & TECHNOLOGY

College Of Engineering

(Department of Electrical Engineering)

EE4414 – Computer Communication Network

Semester: ______________________ Date of Experiment: _____________________

Student name: __________________ Faculty Signature: ______________________
Student ID: ____________________ Remarks/Comments: ____________________

Lab05 BASIC ROUTER CONFIGURATION AND DYNAMIC ROUTING USING RIP PROTOCOL

PLO1 – Engineering Knowledge P2 – Model

PLOs Bloom’s Taxonomy
PLO8 – Ethics P2 – Set
LAB TASK PERFORMANCE
Excellent Average Poor
CLO’s Aspects of Assessments Marks
(75-100%) (50-75%) (<50%)
Problem Analysis Apply
knowledge of various routing Properly and appropriately Infer the proper routing protocol
protocols and infer a suitable infer a suitable routing and implement subnetting and Does not able to infer a suitable or
one and understanding IP protocol and implement done that protocol with minor error proper protocol and not able to do
CLO4 addresses and Subnetting. subnetting and it correctly. that will be corrected easily. subnetting and don’t implement it
90% Moreover, to be able to apply Moreover, VALNs and switch Move over, implement VLANs correctly and have no idea how to
appropriate engineering security should be and switch security slightly implement VLANs and switch
techniques to enable switch implemented according to the differ from the required security.
security and VLAN and requirements given in a task. conditions given in a task.
understand the working of hub
Lab Safety Properly handle
CLO6 Properly handle lab equipment Moderate level lab handling Minor or no safety measurements
10%
lab infrastructure/safety
& obey safety measures. and safety measurements has been considered.
precautions
Total Marks: 10
Objective:
• Familiar with the concept of Dynamic Routing (RIPv1 and RIPv2) using configuration options and
IOS command.

Dynamic Routing:
Dynamic routing is a networking technique that provides optimal data routing. Unlike static routing,
dynamic routing enables routers to select paths according to real-time logical network layout changes. In
dynamic routing, the routing protocol operating on the router is responsible for the creation, maintenance
and updating of the dynamic routing table. In static routing, all these jobs are manually done by the system
administrator. Dynamic routing uses multiple algorithms and protocols. The most popular are Routing
Information Protocol (RIP) and Open Shortest Path First (OSPF).

Routing information Protocol (RIP):

The Routing Information Protocol (RIP) is one of the oldest distance-vector routing protocols, which
employs the hop count as a routing metric. RIP prevents routing loops by implementing a limit on the
number of hops allowed in a path from the source to a destination. The maximum number of hops allowed
for RIP is 15. This hop limit, however, also limits the size of networks that RIP can support. A hop count
of 16 is considered an infinite distance, in other words the route is considered unreachable. RIP
implements the split horizon, route poisoning and hold-down mechanisms to prevent incorrect routing
information from being propagated.
In most current networking environments, RIP is not the preferred choice for routing as its time to
converge and scalability are poor compared to EIGRP, OSPF, or IS-IS (the latter two being link-state
routing protocols), and a hop limit severely limits the size of network it can be used in. However, it is easy
to configure, because RIP does not require any parameters on a router unlike other protocols.
RIP Timers:
RIP uses timers both to regulate its performance and to help prevent routing loops. All routers that use
RIP send an update message to all of their neighbors approximately every 30 seconds; this process is
termed advertising.
If a neighbor has not responded in 180 seconds, it is assumed that the neighboring router is unavailable or
the network connecting it to the router has become unusable. When the neighbor has not responded for
180 seconds, the route is marked invalid; 180 seconds is long enough that a route won't be invalidated by
a single missed update message. The neighbor is shown to be unreachable by sending a normal update
message with a metric of "infinity;" in the case of RIP, this number is 16. If an advertisement is received
from a neighbor with a metric of infinity, then the route is placed into hold-down state, advertised with a
distance of 16, and kept in the routing table. No updates from other neighbors for the same route are
accepted while the route is in hold-down state. If other neighbors are still advertising the same route when
the hold-down timer expires, then their updates will then be accepted. The route will be advertised with
infinity metric for a period of time after the hold-down state if no alternate paths are found.
The actual timers used to accomplish the above tasks are a routing-update timer, a route-invalid timer, a
route-hold-down timer, and a route-flush timer. The RIP routing-update timer is generally set to 30
seconds, ensuring that each router will send a complete copy of its routing table to all neighbors every 30
seconds. The route-invalid timer determines how much time must expire without a router having heard
about a particular route before that route is considered invalid. When a route is marked invalid or put in
hold-down state, neighbors are notified of this fact. This notification must occur prior to expiration of the
route-flush timer. When the route flush-timer expires, the route is removed from the routing table. Typical
initial values for these timers are 180 seconds for the route-invalid and route-holddown timers and 240
seconds for the route-flush timer. The values for each of these timers can be adjusted with the timers basic
router configuration command.

Hop Count:
The hop count refers to the number of intermediate devices through which data must pass between source
and destination.

Apply RIP protocol on the topology

1. Adding routers and installing modules

a) In the Network Component Box, click on the router.

b) Select an 1841 router.

c) Select the router

d) Power the device back on.
e) Click on the Network Component Box and select Connections. Then select a Copper Straight
through Connection to connect the router to the hub.

Basic Router Configuration using Configuration Options:

a) Click on the Config mode tab of Router0 to begin configuring the device

NOTE:
b) After the device has finished booting, change the display name of the router to CISCO_1. Changing
the display name does not affect the configuration. If the device hangs up in the booting process,
save the activity. Then close the Application and reopen the file.
c) Click in the Hostname field and type CISCO_1, then press the TAB key. Note the equivalent IOS
command is entered in the lower portion of the window.
d) Click on interface Fast Ethernet 0/0 and assign the IP address 192.168.1.1, then press the TAB Key.
Enter the subnet mask 255.255.255.0.
e) Click the Port Status to On to enable the port (no shutdown).
Task 2: Create A Copy of The Existing Router Complete With WIC Modules Already In Place
a) Make sure that the existing router is selected (it will be grayed out).
b) In the Main Tool Bar click on the Copy tool.
c) Click on the Paste tool and the copied device will appear in the work area.
d) Drag the new device to the desired location.
e) Click on the Network Component Box and select Connections. Then select the Serial DCE
Connection.
f) Click on the CISCO_1 router and connect to the Serial 0/0/0 interface.
g) Click on the new router (copy CISCO_1) and connect to the Serial 0/0/0 interface.

h) Click on the CISCO_1 router and connect to the Serial 0/0/0 interface .Click on the new router
(copy CISCO_1) and connect to the Serial 0/0/0 interface.
Task 3: Configuring The WAN Link
a) Click on the CISCO_1 router and select the Config mode
b) Select interface Serial 0/0/0
c) Configure the interface Serial 0/0/0 with the IP address 192.168.2.1, then press the TAB key and
enter the subnet mask 255.255.255.0 on the interface.
d) Set the clock rate to 56000
e) Click the Port Status to On to enable the port (no shutdown).
f) Click on the new router and select the Config mode.
g) Change the Display Name and Hostname to CISCO_2.
h) Configure the interface Serial 0/0/0 with the IP address 192.168.2.2, then press the TAB key and
enter the subnet mask 255.255.255.0 on the interface.
NOTE:
i) Click the Port Status to On to enable the port (no shutdown). The link lights on the serial link
should change from red to green to indicate the link is active.

Task 4: Configure the Routing Protocol

a) Click on the CISCO_1 router and select the Config tab. Then click on RIP and add the network
address 192.168.1.0 and 192.168.2.0.
b) Click on the CISCO_2 router and select the Config tab. Then click on RIP and add the network
address 192.168.2.0.
c) Go to each PC and set the Default Gateway to 192.168.1.1
Task 5: Set the Default Gateway on The Pcs
a) Click on PC0 and select the Config Tab. Enter the default gateway address 192.168.1.1.
b) Click on PC1 and select the Config Tab. Enter the default gateway address 192.168.1.1.
c) Click on PC2 and select the Config Tab. Enter the default gateway address 192.168.1.1.

Task 6: Test the Connectivity of The Network

a) Click on the Simulation mode.
b) Select a Simple PDU and click on PC-A as the source, then click on Cisco_2 as the destination.
The ping should be successful.
Now, we will follow the steps as mentioned in detail in the following article. i.e.

a) We will assign IP addresses to all the fast Ethernet and serial interfaces respectively.
b) We will change the state of the interfaces from down to UP.
c) Then, after we are done with the basic step. We will apply RIP protocol commands on both routers.
As follows.
Configurating RIP version2 using IOS Commands:

R1
In order to apply protocol RIP, we will write the following set of commands.

Router(config)# router rip

Router(config-router)# version 2
Router(config-router)# network 192.168.1.0
Router(config-router)# network 192.168.2.0
Router(config-router)#exit
R2:
In order to apply protocol RIP, we will write the following set of commands on R2 as well.

Router(config)# router rip

Router(config-router)# version 2
Router(config-router)# network 192.168.1.0
Router(config-router)# network 192.168.2.0
Router(config-router)#exit
Show running configuration, show ip route.
Lab Task:

1. Build the following network as shown below and configure it using RIPv1. (Marks: 5)
Home Task:

1. Build the network as shown below and implement RIPv1 and attach the print out of the
following: (Marks: 4)
a) Network Diagram
b) Command Window of PCs of your SID ping to remaining PCs:
Example:
• SID: 1234 (so Command window of PC1, PC2, PC3 & PC4 and command window of PC1
contain result of PC1 ping to PC0, PC5 and similarly with PC2, PC3, & PC4)
• SID: 8496 (so Command Window of PC(8%5), PC4, PC(9%5) & PC(6%5))

PC Destination Hop Count

192.168.1.0 192.168.4.0 2
192.168.3.0 192.168.4.0 1
192.168.9.0 192.168.8.0 1
192.168.2.0 192.168.4.0 1
192.168.13.0 168.168.8.0 3
192.168.7.0 192.168.13.0 5