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    17 TMJ (Done)

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    osamae
    The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is a synovial joint between the temporal bone and mandible that allows for hinge and gliding movements. It is composed of the glenoid fossa, articular eminence, and condylar process. An articular disc divides the joint space into upper and lower compartments. The disc attaches to the condyle and aids movement. Surrounding ligaments and muscles like the masseter and lateral pterygoid also support the joint. Dysfunctions can cause issues like Costen's syndrome with symptoms of pain and ear problems.

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    17 TMJ (Done)

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    The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is a synovial joint between the temporal bone and mandible that allows for hinge and gliding movements. It is composed of the glenoid fossa, articular eminence, and condylar process. An articular disc divides the joint space into upper and lower compartments. The disc attaches to the condyle and aids movement. Surrounding ligaments and muscles like the masseter and lateral pterygoid also support the joint. Dysfunctions can cause issues like Costen's syndrome with symptoms of pain and ear problems.

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    17 TMJ (done)

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    The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is a synovial joint between the temporal bone and mandible that allows for hinge and gliding movements. It is composed of the glenoid fossa, articular eminence, and condylar process. An articular disc divides the joint space into upper and lower compartments. The disc attaches to the condyle and aids movement. Surrounding ligaments and muscles like the masseter and lateral pterygoid also support the joint. Dysfunctions can cause issues like Costen's syndrome with symptoms of pain and ear problems.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    23 views2 pages

    17 TMJ (Done)

    Uploaded by

    osamae
    The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is a synovial joint between the temporal bone and mandible that allows for hinge and gliding movements. It is composed of the glenoid fossa, articular eminence, and condylar process. An articular disc divides the joint space into upper and lower compartments. The disc attaches to the condyle and aids movement. Surrounding ligaments and muscles like the masseter and lateral pterygoid also support the joint. Dysfunctions can cause issues like Costen's syndrome with symptoms of pain and ear problems.

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    Tempomandibular Joint

     TMJ is synovial/ginglymoarrhrodial (hinge & sliding/ transverse


    movement) joint between squamous part of the temporal part & mandible
     The TMJ is composed of 3 parts:
    1. Glenoid fossa of the temporal bone
     Anteriorly: articular tubercle
     Posteriorly: separated from the tympanic bone by the
    squamotympanic fissure
     Laterally: zygomatic arch
     Medially: styloid process
    2. Articular eminence of the temporal bone
    3. Condyloid process of the mandible
     Made of spongy bone with marrow & growth center
     Articular region of the condyle is one of the most important
    mandibular growth sites
     The TMJ differs from other joints by the presence of avascular fibrous
    tissue covering the articulating surface with an interposed meniscus
    dividing the joint space into an upper & lower compartments
     TMJ receives nourishment from the synovial membrane which is highly vascularized
    Articular disc (meniscus):
     Located Between the condyle and temporal bone
     Fibrocartilagenous connective tissue that is thicker at the ends
     The articular disc is attached to the condyle, so when the condyle glides forward and
    backward, the disc moves with it.
     The disc is avascular & aneural in the center (main load-bearing area) but vascular and
    innervated at the periphery
     Surrounding the articular disc is a fibrous capsule that encloses the entire joint.
     The capsule is divided into upper and lower cavities by the disc; these cavities are filled
    with synovial fluid.
     The upper cavity is responsible for gliding movement
     The Lower cavity is responsible for rotational movement
    Supporting ligament:
     temporomandibular ligament is the main supporting ligament
     stylomandibular +sphenomandibular ligaments (have no function TMJ articulation)
    Blood supply:
    Superficial temporal artery; Maxillary artery: deep auricular artery; anterior tympanic artery
    Sensory Innervation:
     Auriculotemporal nerve
     Masseter nerve
     Posterior deep temporal nerve
     Lateral pterygoid nerve
    Costen Syndrome:
     Due to TMJ abnormality usually due to impaired bite
     Symptoms: Vertigo, Tinnitus, Feeling of Blocked ear, Otalgia, Frontal, parietal, occipital pain
     Management: NSAIDs, hot compressors, slow exercise of the joint, bite correction by orthodontist
    Muscles of TMJ (muscles of mastication):
    Deep muscles: Lateral & medial pterygoid muscle:
     the superior part of the lateral pterygoid muscle is inserted into the disk of TMJ
     Lateral pterygoid muscle protract the mandible
    Superficial muscles: Temporalis muscle, Masseter Muscles
    Head of masseter Superficial head (larger part) Deep Head (smaller part)
    Origin Inferior border of the anterior 2/3 of the Inferior border of the posterior 1/3 of the zygomatic arch
    zygomatic arch Medial border of the zygomatic arch
    Insertion Angle of the mandible Coronid process
    Inferiolateral part of the mandible ramus Superiolateral mandibular ramus
    Action Elevates the mandible Elevation
    Muscle name Origin Insertion of the mandibule Direction of vector
    Lateral pterygoid Infratemporal surface of the greater wings Capsule; TMJ Disc Horizontal-anterior
    Lateral surface of the lateral pterygoid plate Neck of the condyle
    Temporalis process Temporalis fossa Coroidal process Vertical-superior-posterior
    Masseter process Zygomatic process Coroidal process Superficial fibers: Oblique
    Mandibular ramus anterior
    (superficial fibers: Deep fibers: Oblique
    inferiolateral posterior
    Deep fibers: superiolateral) Total fibers: Vertical superior
    Medial pterygoid Medial surface of the lateral pterygoid Medial surface of Oblique anterior
    the tuberosity of the maxilla &tubercle of mandibular angle
    the palatine bone
    Note unilateral excision of the condyle decrease the ability of the ipsilateral lateral pterygoid to open the mouth

    This joint allows both gliding & hinge movement:


     Gliding movement: in the upper compartment
    between the temporal bone & meniscus
     Hinge movement: in the lower compartment
    between meniscus & condyle
    What is normal interincisal opening? 40-50 mm.

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