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Symrise USA: Part I: Trade Name Reference Buccoxime (

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Part I: Trade Name Reference

methyl, exo Buccoxime [Symrise USA


CAS 128119-70-0; EINECS/ELINCS 416-210-4 http://www.symrise.com]
Uses: Fragrance in acid cleaner liq., alcoholic Chem. Descrip.: 1,5-Dimethylbicyclo [3.2.1]
lotions, antiperspirants, stick deodorant, octan-8-one oxime
detergent perborate, detergent TAED, fabric CAS 75147-23-8
softeners, hard surface cleaners, shampoo, Uses: Fragrance (fresh, fruity, herbal bucco
soap leaf oil) with good stability in softeners,
Properties: Cl., colorless to pale yel. liq.; warm, detergents, cleaners, antiperspirants, and
woody, dry, amber odor; m.w. 226; dens. alcoholic preps.; modifies and strengthens
0.966-0.972; flash pt. (CC) > 94 C; ref. index all fruity/herbal notes
1.471-1.478 Properties: Wh. powd.; sparingly sol. in alcohol;
Use Level: < 20% sol. 5% in DPG or DEP; flash pt. (PMCC) >
Brahmanol [Symrise USA 100 C; 98% min. purity
http://www.symrise.com] Use Level: 0.1-3.0%
Chem. Descrip.: Butanol, 2-methyl-4-(2,2,3- Butter Booster, Natural [Natural Advantage
trimethyl-3-cyclopentenyl)- http://www.natural-advantage.net]
CAS 72089-08-8 Uses: Flavor in many foods
Uses: Fragrance (woody tenacious Regulatory: GRAS; FDA 21CFR§172.510;
sandalwood note) with good stability in 21CFR§101.22; kosher
4

soap, shampoo, fabric softener, detergent, Properties: Yel. to amber liq.; sweet butter taste;
household cleaners, antiperspirants, sol. in water, oil, alcohol
cosmetic and alcoholic preps.; modifies Cake Flavor Enhancer 27200 [British Bakels
woody-powdery notes and enhances http://www.bakels.com]
delicate flowery nuances Chem. Descrip.: Propylene glycol, water,
Properties: Colorless liq.; sp.gr. 0.900-0.906 sugar, flavoring See Sucrose
(20/4 C); flash pt. (PMCC) > 100 C; ref. index Uses: Flavoring agent, flavor enhancer, water
1.470-1.475 reducing agent in cakes; mold reducer, shelf-
Brahmanol F [Symrise USA life extender in sweet flour confectionery, bun
http://www.symrise.com] goods
Chem. Descrip.: Butanol, 2-methyl-4-(2,2,3- Features: Lemon flavor
trimethyl-3-cyclopentenyl)- Properties: Cl. liq.; lemon flavor
CAS 72089-08-8 Storage: 6 mos. shelf life when stored in cool
Uses: Fragrance (woody tenacious and dry conditions
sandalwood note) with good stability in Camphene 46 [Millennium/F&F
soap, shampoo, fabric softener, detergent, http://www.millenniumchem.com]
household cleaners, antiperspirants, Chem. Descrip.: 2,2-Dimethyl-3-
cosmetic and alcoholic preps.; better fixation methylenebicyclo [2.2.1] heptane See
and tenacity, very good substantivity Camphene
Properties: Pale ylsh. to yel. liq.; sp.gr. 0.910- CAS 79-92-5; EINECS/ELINCS 201-234-8
0.918 (20/4 C); flash pt. (PMCC) > 100 C; ref. UN 1325
index 1.474-1.481 Uses: Chem. intermediate for perfumes and
Bread Crust Note, Natural [Natural Advantage flavors; intermediate in synthesis of
http://www.natural-advantage.net] toxaphene, isobornyl acetate, and camphor
Uses: Flavor for bread, bread crumbs, Regulatory: DOT regulated; USA, Europe,
biscuits, crackers, cake Canada, Australia, Japan, Philippines, China
Regulatory: GRAS; FDA 21CFR§172.510; listed
21CFR§101.22; kosher
4
Properties: Wh. semi-solid; APHA color 40 max.;
Properties: Visc., brown-red liq.; bread crust, m.w. 136.24; sp.gr. 0.845; dens. 7.05 lb/gal;
toasted bread, cracker, biscuit, cake taste; sol. b.p. 160 C; flash pt. (TCC) 23.3 C
in water, PG, alcohol Toxicology: TSCA listed
Precaution: Flamm.
Camphene 90 [Millennium/F&F

Handbook of Flavors and Fragrances 30


Part I: Trade Name Reference
http://www.millenniumchem.com] Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com]
Chem. Descrip.: 2,2-Dimethyl-3- Uses: Flavor
methylenebicyclo [2.2.1] heptane See Properties: Melon flavor
Camphene Cantryl [Symrise USA
CAS 79-92-5; EINECS/ELINCS 201-234-8 http://www.symrise.com]
UN 1325 Chem. Descrip.: 3-Cyclopentene-1-
Uses: Chem. intermediate for perfumes and acetonitrile, 2,2,3-trimethyl-
flavors; intermediate in synthesis of CAS 15373-31-6
toxaphene, isobornyl acetate, and camphor Uses: Fragrance (powerful pine. rosmarin,
Regulatory: DOT regulated hay notes) with good stability in soaps,
Properties: Wh. solid; m.w. 136.24; sp.gr. 0.825; bath prods., shampoos, fabric conditioners,
dens. 7.05 lb/gal; b.p. 160 C; flash pt. (TCC) powd. and liq. detergents, acid and alkaline
26 C; 0.03% max. moisture cleaners, antiperspirants, and creams
Toxicology: TSCA listed Properties: Colorless to pale yel. liq.; sp.gr.
Precaution: Flamm. 0.907-0.913 (20/4 C); flash pt. (PMCC) > 99 C;
Camphene P&F, FCC [Millennium/F&F ref. index 1.464-1.469 (20 C); 95% purity
http://www.millenniumchem.com] Use Level: Up to 5%
Chem. Descrip.: 2,2-Dimethyl-3- Capmul® GMO [ABITEC
methylenebicyclo [2.2.1] heptane See http://www.abiteccorp.com]
Camphene Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl oleate
CAS 79-92-5; EINECS/ELINCS 201-234-8 CAS 25496-72-4; EINECS/ELINCS 203-827-7
UN 1325 Uses: Food emulsifier, wetting agent; dispersant
Uses: Fragrance enhancer in foods, personal for pigments, solids; defoamer; emollient,
care prods.; synthetic flavoring agent in emulsifier, solubilizer for cosmetics
food, pharmaceuticals (creams/lotions, lip, mascara, foundation, sun
Features: Provides lift to pine, lavender, care, bath/shower preps.); flavoring agent for
lavandin, cedar, and citrus fragrances food; emulsifier, emollient, solubilizer for
Regulatory: DOT regulated; FCC compliant; pharmaceuticals (clinical nutrition, coating,
GRAS delivery/absorp. enhancement,
Properties: Wh. solid; mild camphor-like odor; dermatologicals, infant formulas,
m.w. 136.24; sp.gr. 0.839; dens. 7.00 lb/gal; microemulsions, nutritional/sports
b.p. 160 C; flash pt. (TCC) 34.4 C supplements)
Use Level: 0.01-0.4% Regulatory: FDA 21CFR§184.1323,
Toxicology: Not skin sensitizing; TSCA listed 21CFR§184.1505
Precaution: Flamm. Properties: Lovibond 4R max. semisolid; sol. in
Candex® [Penwest Pharmaceuticals org. solvs. and oils; sp.gr. 0.94; visc. 44.8 cs
http://www.penw.com] @ 120 F; vapor pressure < 1 mm Hg; vapor
Chem. Descrip.: Dextrose with small amounts of dens. > 1; m.p. 25 C max.; HLB 3-4; acid no. 3
higher glucose saccharides See Glucose max.; flash pt. 495 F (COC); iodine no. 75
CAS 50-99-7; EINECS/ELINCS 200-075-1 max.; sapon. no. 160-170; nonionic; 40% min.
Uses: Binder, diluent, sweetener, mouthfeel mono
enhancer for direct compression of Precaution: Chemical splash goggles rec.
pharmaceutical tablets, chewable tablets Storage: 12 mos. min. when stored @ 68-77f
Features: Exc. flow and compaction props.; Captex® 500 [ABITEC
offers sweet, nongritty taste; cool, http://www.abiteccorp.com]
refreshing mouthfeel; easily blended with Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl triacetate See
flavors, lubricants, and other dry additives Triacetin
Properties: Wh. porous, spherical gran., sweet CAS 102-76-1; EINECS/ELINCS 203-051-9
noncloying/nongritty taste; avg particle size Uses: Solvent, fixing agent for flavors and
218 µ; 30% max. -100 mesh; very sol. in water; fragrances in foods and pharmaceuticals;
dens. (tapped) 0.77 g/ml; pH 3.5 min. synthetic flavoring agent in food,
Cantaloupe Melon Treattarome 9726 [R.C. pharmaceuticals
Regulatory: FDA 21CFR§184.1901, GRAS;
Handbook of Flavors and Fragrances 31
Part I: Trade Name Reference
FCC, USP approved; RCRA not regulated Regulatory: Halal, kosher certified
Properties: Colorless liq.; mild vegetable oil Properties: Mashed cooked carrot odor/flavor;
odor; insol. in water; sp.gr. 1.16; b.p. ≈ 260 C; dens. 520-660 g/l
flash pt. ≈ 146 C; autoignition temp.≈ 432 C Storage: 18 mos. when stored @ 21 C in sealed
Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3 g/kg; sl. eye containers
irritant Cashmeran® [Int'l. Flavors & Fragrances US
Environmental: Avoid runoff into storm http://www.iff.com]
sewers or ditches that lead to waterways; Chem. Descrip.: 6,7-Dihydro-1,1,2,3,3-
biodeg. pentamethyl-4(5H)-indanone
Precaution: Combustible; wear PVC or CAS 33704-61-9; EINECS/ELINCS 251-649-3
neoprene gloves, goggles, suitable boots; Uses: Fragrance in acid cleaner liq., alcoholic
incompat. with oxidizers lotions, antiperspirants, stick deodorant,
Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2 detergent perborate, detergent TAED, fabric
HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 softeners, hard surface cleaners, shampoo,
Storage: 18 mos.; store in closed container in soap
dry place @ ambient temps.; keep away from Properties: Cl., colorless to pale yel. liq. to solid;
heat, flame, sparks musk, woody, spicy, floral odor; m.w. 206;
Carnaline® [Rhodia Organics dens. 0.955-0.965; flash pt. 94 C; ref. index
http://www.rhodia-ppa.com/ppa/home.jsp] 1.497-1.502
Chem. Descrip.: Methyl vanillate Use Level: < 2%
CAS 3943-74-6 Cassiffix® [Int'l. Flavors & Fragrances US
Uses: Fragrance for soap, moisturizing cream http://www.iff.com]
Features: Very good base covering for soap and Chem. Descrip.: 3-cyclohexene-1-methanol,
moisturizing cream; gives sweetness 3(or 4)-methyl-1-(2,2,3-trimethyl-3-
sensation without discoloration cyclopentenyl)-, acid
Regulatory: Australia AICS; China; Canada DSL; CAS 426218-78-2; EINECS/ELINCS 422-040-1
Europe EINECS; Japan ENCS; Philippines Uses: Fragrance in alcoholic lotions,
PICCS antiperspirants, stick deodorant, detergent
Properties: Solid; spicy, vanilla odor perborate, detergent TAED, fabric
Toxicology: TSCA listed softeners, shampoo, soap
Carrot Flakes Trobana® [Confoco Properties: Cl., colorless to pale yel. liq.; fresh,
http://www.confoco.com] herbal, fruity, cassis odor; m.w. 234; dens.
Chem. Descrip.: Carrots and green banana 0.980-0.988; flash pt. 100 C; ref. index 1.499-
Chem. Analysis: Moisture 5% max. 1.504
Uses: Flavoring agent in dry fruit Use Level: < 5%
preparations, drinks, vegetable Cassis Ketone, Natural [Natural Advantage
preparations, baby foods, cakes, soups, http://www.natural-advantage.net]
drinks Uses: Flavor in tropical, berry flavors
Regulatory: Halal, kosher certified Regulatory: GRAS; FDA 21CFR§172.510;
Properties: Mashed cooked carrot odor/flavor; 21CFR§101.22; kosher
5

dens. 120-200 g/l Properties: Lt. yel., cl. liq.; black currant, dark,
Storage: 18 mos. when stored @ 21 C in sealed sulfury taste; sol. in water, oil, alcohol, PG
containers Cavamax® W6 [Wacker-Chemie
Carrot Powd. Trobana® [Confoco GmbH/Biotech. http://www.wacker-
http://www.confoco.com] biochem.com; http://www.wacker-
Chem. Descrip.: Carrots and green banana helicone.com; Wacker Biochem]
starch Chem. Descrip.: α-Cyclodextrin See
Chem. Analysis: Moisture 5% max. Cyclodextrin
Uses: Flavoring agent in dry fruit CAS 10016-20-3; EINECS/ELINCS 233-007-4
preparations, drinks, vegetable Uses: Complex hosting guest molecules,
preparations, baby foods, cakes, soups, increasing the sol. and bioavailability of other
drinks substances, masking flavor, odor, or

Handbook of Flavors and Fragrances 32


Part I: Trade Name Reference
coloration, stabilizing against light, helicone.com; Wacker Biochem]
oxidation, heat, and hydrolysis, turning Chem. Descrip.: γ-Cyclodextrin See
liqs. or volatiles into stable solid powds., Cyclodextrin
for use in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, CAS 17465-86-0; EINECS/ELINCS 241-482-4
toiletries, foods Uses: Complex hosting guest molecules,
Properties: Wh. to sl. ylsh. powd.; sol. 14.5 increasing the sol. and bioavailability of other
g/100 ml in water; m.w. 973; bulk dens. 0.4-0.7 substances, masking flavor, odor, or
g/cm3; 90% min. conc., 11% max. water coloration, stabilizing against light,
Storage: 12 mos. shelf life; store @ R.T. in oxidation, heat, and hydrolysis, turning
sealed containers under dry conditions liqs. or volatiles into stable solid powds.,
Cavamax® W6 Pharma [Wacker-Chemie for use in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics,
GmbH/Biotech. http://www.wacker- toiletries, foods, tobacco, pesticides,
biochem.com; http://www.wacker- textiles, paints, plastics, synthesis,
helicone.com; Wacker Biochem] polymers
Chem. Descrip.: α-Cyclodextrin See Properties: Wh. cryst. powd.; sol. 23.2 g/100 ml
Cyclodextrin in water; m.w. 1297
CAS 10016-20-3; EINECS/ELINCS 233-007-4 Toxicology: LD50 (acute IV, rat) > 3750 mg/kg;
Uses: Complex hosting guest molecules, nonirritating to eye
increasing the sol. and bioavailability of other Cavasol® W6 HP TL [Wacker-Chemie
substances, masking flavor, odor, or GmbH/Biotech. http://www.wacker-
coloration, stabilizing against light, biochem.com; http://www.wacker-
oxidation, heat, and hydrolysis, turning helicone.com; Wacker Biochem]
liqs. or volatiles into stable solid powds., Chem. Descrip.: Hydroxypropyl-α-cyclodextrin
for use in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, CAS 128446-33-3
toiletries, foods Uses: Complex hosting guest molecules,
Properties: Wh. cryst. powd.; sol. 14.5 g/100 ml increasing the sol. and bioavailability of other
in water; m.w. 972; > 98% act. substances, masking flavor, odor, or
Toxicology: LD50 (acute IV, rat) 500-750 coloration, stabilizing against light,
mg/kg; eye irritant but not corrosive; oxidation, heat, and hydrolysis, turning
nonirritating to skin liqs. or volatiles into stable solid powds.,
Cavamax® W7 [Wacker-Chemie for use in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics,
GmbH/Biotech. http://www.wacker- toiletries, foods
biochem.com; http://www.wacker- Properties: Ylsh. cl. liq.; sol. > 200 g/100 ml
helicone.com; Wacker Biochem] water; sol. in methanol, ethanol; m.w. 1184;
Chem. Descrip.: β-Cyclodextrin See dens. 1.1-1.2 g/ml; visc. 20-80 mPa·s; 50% aq.
Cyclodextrin Storage: 6 mos. shelf life; store @ R.T. in sealed
CAS 7585-39-9; EINECS/ELINCS 231-493-2 containers
Uses: Complex hosting guest molecules, Cavasol® W6 M [Wacker-Chemie
increasing the sol. and bioavailability of other GmbH/Biotech. http://www.wacker-
substances, masking flavor, odor, or biochem.com; http://www.wacker-
coloration, stabilizing against light, helicone.com; Wacker Biochem]
oxidation, heat, and hydrolysis, turning Chem. Descrip.: Methyl-α-cyclodextrin
liqs. or volatiles into stable solid powds., Uses: Complex hosting guest molecules,
for use in foods, pharmaceuticals, increasing the sol. and bioavailability of other
cosmetics, toiletries, tobacco, pesticides, substances, masking flavor, odor, or
textiles, paints, plastics, synthesis, coloration, stabilizing against light,
polymers oxidation, heat, and hydrolysis, turning
Properties: Wh. cryst. powd.; sol. 1.85 g/100 ml liqs. or volatiles into stable solid powds.,
in water; m.w. 1135 solubilizer in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics,
Cavamax® W8 [Wacker-Chemie toiletries, foods
GmbH/Biotech. http://www.wacker- Properties: Wh. powd.; sol. > 300 g/100 ml
biochem.com; http://www.wacker- water; sol. in methanol, ethanol, acetone,

Handbook of Flavors and Fragrances 33


Part I: Trade Name Reference
chloroform; m.w. 1120; bulk dens. 0.2-0.3 g/ml substances, masking flavor, odor, or
Storage: 12 mos. shelf life; store @ R.T. in coloration, stabilizing against light,
sealed containers oxidation, heat, and hydrolysis, turning
Cavasol® W6 M TL [Wacker-Chemie liqs. or volatiles into stable solid powds.,
GmbH/Biotech. http://www.wacker- for use in pharmaceuticals
biochem.com; http://www.wacker- Properties: Wh. to off-wh. powd.; sol. > 200
helicone.com; Wacker Biochem] g/100 ml water; sol. in methanol, ethanol,
Chem. Descrip.: Methyl-α-cyclodextrin pyridine, dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethyl
Uses: Complex hosting guest molecules, formamide; m.w. 1400; bulk dens. 0.2-0.3 g/ml;
increasing the sol. and bioavailability of other 50% aq.
substances, masking flavor, odor, or Storage: 12 mos. shelf life; store @ R.T. in
coloration, stabilizing against light, sealed containers
oxidation, heat, and hydrolysis, turning Cavasol® W7 M [Wacker-Chemie
liqs. or volatiles into stable solid powds., GmbH/Biotech. http://www.wacker-
solubilizer in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, biochem.com; http://www.wacker-
toiletries, foods helicone.com; Wacker Biochem]
Properties: Ylsh. cl. liq.; sol. > 300 g/100 ml Chem. Descrip.: Methyl-β-cyclodextrin
water; sol. in methanol, ethanol, acetone, CAS 128446-36-6
chloroform; m.w. 1123; dens. 1.1-1.2 g/ml; Uses: Complex hosting guest molecules,
visc. 20-80 mPa·s; 50% aq. increasing the sol. and bioavailability of other
Storage: 6 mos. shelf life; store @ R.T. in sealed substances, masking flavor, odor, or
containers coloration, stabilizing against light,
Cavasol® W7 HP [Wacker-Chemie oxidation, heat, and hydrolysis, turning
GmbH/Biotech. http://www.wacker- liqs. or volatiles into stable solid powds.,
biochem.com; http://www.wacker- for use in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics,
helicone.com; Wacker Biochem] toiletries, foods, tobacco, pesticides,
Chem. Descrip.: Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin textiles, paints, plastics, synthesis,
CAS 128446-35-5 polymers; solubilizer in pharmaceuticals,
Uses: Complex hosting guest molecules, cosmetics, toiletries
increasing the sol. and bioavailability of other Properties: Wh. to sl. ylsh. powd.; sol. > 150
substances, masking flavor, odor, or g/100 ml water; sol. in methanol, ethanol,
coloration, stabilizing against light, pyridine, dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethyl
oxidation, heat, and hydrolysis, turning formamide; m.w. 1310; bulk dens. 0.2-0.3 g/ml;
liqs. or volatiles into stable solid powds., m.p. 160-190 C (dec.); 50% aq.
for use in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, Storage: 12 mos. shelf life; store @ R.T. in
toiletries, foods, tobacco, pesticides, sealed containers
textiles, paints, plastics, synthesis, Cavasol® W7 MCT [Wacker-Chemie
polymers GmbH/Biotech. http://www.wacker-
Properties: Wh. to off-wh. powd.; sol. > 200 biochem.com; http://www.wacker-
g/100 ml water; sol. in methanol, ethanol, helicone.com; Wacker Biochem]
pyridine, dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethyl Chem. Descrip.: Monochlorotriazinyl-β-
formamide; m.w. 1507; bulk dens. 0.2-0.3 g/ml cyclodextrin
Storage: 12 mos. shelf life; store @ R.T. in CAS 187820-08-2
sealed containers Uses: Complex hosting guest molecules,
Cavasol® W7 HP Pharma [Wacker-Chemie increasing the sol. and bioavailability of other
GmbH/Biotech. http://www.wacker- substances, masking flavor, odor, or
biochem.com; http://www.wacker- coloration, stabilizing against light,
helicone.com; Wacker Biochem] oxidation, heat, and hydrolysis, turning
Chem. Descrip.: Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin liqs. or volatiles into stable solid powds.,
CAS 128446-35-5 acts as adhesion promoter, for use in
Uses: Complex hosting guest molecules, textiles, paints/coatings, papers, plastics,
increasing the sol. and bioavailability of other polymers
Regulatory: Europe EINECS
Handbook of Flavors and Fragrances 34
Part I: Trade Name Reference
Properties: Wh. powd.; m.w. 1560 (calculated); biochem.com; http://www.wacker-
sol. > 150 g/100 ml water; m.w. 1559 helicone.com; Wacker Biochem]
Toxicology: TSCA listed Chem. Descrip.: Hydroxypropyl-γ-cyclodextrin
Storage: 6 mos. shelf life; store @ R.T. in sealed CAS 128446-34-4
containers Uses: Complex hosting guest molecules,
Cavasol® W7 M Pharma [Wacker-Chemie increasing the sol. and bioavailability of other
GmbH/Biotech. http://www.wacker- substances, masking flavor, odor, or
biochem.com; http://www.wacker- coloration, stabilizing against light,
helicone.com; Wacker Biochem] oxidation, heat, and hydrolysis, turning
Chem. Descrip.: Methyl-β-cyclodextrin liqs. or volatiles into stable solid powds.,
CAS 128446-36-6 for use in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics,
Uses: Complex hosting guest molecules, toiletries, foods, tobacco, pesticides,
increasing the sol. and bioavailability of other textiles, paints, plastics, synthesis,
substances, masking flavor, odor, or polymers
coloration, stabilizing against light, Properties: Wh. powd.; sol. > 150 g/100 ml
oxidation, heat, and hydrolysis, turning water; sol. in methanol, ethanol, pyridine,
liqs. or volatiles into stable solid powds., dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethyl formamide; m.w.
solubilizer in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, 1580; bulk dens. 0.2-0.3 g/ml
toiletries Storage: 12 mos. shelf life; store @ R.T. in
Properties: Wh. powd.; sol. > 200 g/100 ml sealed containers
water; sol. in methanol, ethanol, pyridine, Cavasol® W8 M [Wacker-Chemie
dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethyl formamide; m.w. GmbH/Biotech. http://www.wacker-
1310; bulk dens. 0.2-0.3 g/ml; m.p. 160-190 C biochem.com; http://www.wacker-
(dec.); 50% aq. helicone.com; Wacker Biochem]
Storage: 12 mos. shelf life; store @ R.T. in Chem. Descrip.: Methyl-γ-cyclodextrin
sealed containers Uses: Complex hosting guest molecules,
Cavasol® W7 M TL [Wacker-Chemie increasing the sol. and bioavailability of other
GmbH/Biotech. http://www.wacker- substances, masking flavor, odor, or
biochem.com; http://www.wacker- coloration, stabilizing against light,
helicone.com; Wacker Biochem] oxidation, heat, and hydrolysis, turning
Chem. Descrip.: Methyl-β-cyclodextrin liqs. or volatiles into stable solid powds.,
CAS 128446-36-6 for use in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics,
Uses: Complex hosting guest molecules, toiletries, foods, tobacco, pesticides,
increasing the sol. and bioavailability of other textiles, paints, plastics, synthesis,
substances, masking flavor, odor, or polymers; solubilizer in pharmaceuticals,
coloration, stabilizing against light, cosmetics, toiletries
oxidation, heat, and hydrolysis, turning Properties: Wh. powd.; sol. > 300 g/100 ml
liqs. or volatiles into stable solid powds., water; sol. in methanol, ethanol, acetone,
for use in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, chloroform; m.w. 1499; bulk dens. 0.2-0.3 g/ml
toiletries, foods, tobacco, pesticides, Storage: 12 mos. shelf life; store @ R.T. in
textiles, paints, plastics, synthesis, sealed containers
polymers; solubilizer in pharmaceuticals, C*Bio-Dex 11200 [Cerestar
cosmetics, toiletries http://www.cerestar.com]
Properties: Ylsh. cl. liq.; odorless; sol. > 150 Chem. Descrip.: Dextrose monohydrate See
g/100 ml water; sol. in methanol, ethanol, D-Glucose monohydrate
pyridine, dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethyl CAS 5996-10-1; EINECS/ELINCS 200-075-1
formamide; m.w. 1311; dens. 1.2 g/ml; visc. Uses: Sweetener for foods, beverages,
20-80 mPa·s; 50% aq. pharmaceuticals
Storage: 6 mos. shelf life; store @ R.T. in sealed Features: Organic; significant cooling effect, high
containers osmolarity, high fermentability
Cavasol® W8 HP [Wacker-Chemie
GmbH/Biotech. http://www.wacker-

Handbook of Flavors and Fragrances 35


Part I: Trade Name Reference
CDF™ [Degussa Flavors & Fruit Systems Cepionate® [Zeon http://www.zeon.co.jp]
USA http://www.flavors-fruit-systems.com] Chem. Descrip.: Methyl dihydrojasmonate (30-
Uses: Dairy flavor 33%)
Features: Variety of flavor profiles available CAS 24851-98-7; EINECS/ELINCS 253-379-1
Properties: Liq. Uses: For flavor and fragrance applics., toiletry
CE-1095 [Procter & Gamble to perfume; synthetic flavoring agent in
http://pgchemicals.com] food, pharmaceuticals
Chem. Descrip.: Methyl caprate (95-100%) Regulatory: GRAS
CAS 110-42-9; EINECS/ELINCS 203-766-6 Properties: Colorless to pale yel. liq.; powerful,
Uses: Intermediate for detergents, emulsifiers, sharp, diffusive, sweet-tencios, jasmin-like
wetting agents, stabilizers, resins, lubricants, odor; m.w. 226.3
plasticizers; flavoring agent; fragrance; in Toxicology: TSCA listed
polyol esters, MCT, agricultural C*Eridex [Cerestar http://www.cerestar.com]
adjuvants/amides, amines Chem. Descrip.: Erythritol
Regulatory: Not regulated for transport; Canada CAS 149-32-6; EINECS/ELINCS 205-737-3
DSL; Australia; Korea; Japan ENCS; Uses: Nutritive bulk sweetener, mouthfeel
Philippines; China; WHMIS D2B enhancer, texturizer, shelf-life enhancer,
Properties: Water wh. to yel. liq.; musty odor; processing aid, cooling agent in zero- or
sp.gr. 0.874; vapor pressure < 1 mm Hg; m.p. - low-calorie beverages, chewing gum,
22 C; b.p. > 177 C; flash pt. (PMCC) 93.3-97.8 fondant; table-top sweetener
C; acid no. 0.5 max.; iodine no. 0.6 max.; Features: Noncaloric; nonhygroscopic; masks
sapon. no. 295-305 unwanted flavors; synergistic with intense
Toxicology: LD50 (oral) > 23 g/kg (expected); sweeteners
skin, eye irritant; ing. may cause GI Properties: Crystalline powd.; pleasant cool taste
irritation; TSCA listed Cheddar Cheese Enhancer - 1, Natural
Environmental: LC50 (bluegill, 96 h) > 423 mg/l [Natural Advantage http://www.natural-
(expected); no microbiological inhibition @ advantage.net]
10 g/l; sl. water endangering Uses: Flavor in snack foods, spreads, dips,
Precaution: Wear goggles or face shield with soups, sauces, gravies, dressings
goggles, nitrile gloves, respirator if mist, Regulatory: GRAS; FDA 21CFR§172.510;
vapor is generated; combustible liq.; avoid 21CFR§101.22; kosher
6

all contact; incompat. with oxidizers, strong Properties: Oily liq.; cheddar cheese taste; sol.
bases in oil, PG, triacetin; insol. in water
Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Incomplete
Cineoles [Millennium/F&F
combustion produces CO
http://www.millenniumchem.com]
Storage: Store in carbon steel, aluminum,
Chem. Descrip.: 1,4-Cineole, 1,8-cineole, and
fiberglass, stainless steel vessels away from
various terpene hydrocarbons See
sources of ignition
Eucalyptol
Cedramber® [Int'l. Flavors & Fragrances US UN 1993
http://www.iff.com] Uses: Fragrance for soaps, household prods.,
Chem. Descrip.: Cedryl methyl ether See cosmetics; extends and improves odor of
Cedrol methyl ether cleaning solvs.
CAS 19870-74-7; EINECS/ELINCS 243-384-7 Regulatory: DOT regulated
Uses: Fragrance in acid cleaner liq., alcoholic Properties: APHA 50 max. cl. liq.; fresh
lotions, antiperspirants, bleach, stick eucalyptol-type odor; sol. 1 in 4 in 80% alcohol
deodorant, detergent perborate, detergent v/v; sp.gr. 0.888 (15.5 C); dens. 7.41 lb/gal;
TAED, fabric softeners, hard surface b.p. 343 F; flash pt. (TCC) 45.6 C; ref. index
cleaners, shampoo, soap 1.464 (20 C); KB 288
Properties: Colorless to pale yel. liq.; woody, Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3100 mg/kg, (skin,
ambergris, dry odor; m.w. 236; sp.gr. 0.971- rabbit) > 5000mg/kg; skin
0.979; flash pt. > 100 C; ref. index; 1.494- nonirritant/nonsensitizer; TSCA listed
1.498; substantivity > 48 hrs. Precaution: Flamm. liq.
Use Level: < 2%
Handbook of Flavors and Fragrances 36
Part I: Trade Name Reference
Cinnamon Oil 950 [Millennium/F&F http://www.millenniumchem.com]
http://www.millenniumchem.com] Chem. Descrip.: Citral
Chem. Descrip.: Eugenol (1-10% and Cinnamic CAS 5392-40-5; EINECS/ELINCS 226-394-6
aldehyde (> 50%) See Cinnamal Uses: Fragrance in citrus and floral fragrance
CAS 97-53-0; 104-55-2; EINECS/ELINCS 202- blends, personal care prods.
589-1; 203-213-9 Regulatory: DOT: Chemicals n.o.i.
Uses: Flavor Properties: Yel. cl. liq.; sp.gr. 0.885; sol. 1 in 3 in
Regulatory: SARA §311/312 listed; Canada 70% alcohol v/v; b.p. 436 F; flash pt. (TCC)
DSL; Australia AICS; Japan IEC; Philippines 200 F; ref. index 1.488 (20 C); 95% min. act.
PICCS; China SEPA/CICS Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 4960 mg/kg, (skin,
Properties: Yel. liq.; cinnamon odor; sp.gr. 1.05; rabbit) 2250 mg/kg; not a skin
vapor dens. ≈ 4.6; b.p. 239 C; flash pt. (TCC) irritant/sensitizer when mixed with other
100 C oils; may cause marginal to severe skin
Toxicology: May cause irritation; TSCA listed irritation when used in pure form
Precaution: Wear safety glasses or goggles, Citral FG [BASF AG http://www.basf.de]
rubber gloves, apron Chem. Descrip.: 2,6-Octadienal, 3,7-dimethyl-
Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, acrid See Citral
fumes CAS 5392-40-5; EINECS/ELINCS 226-394-6
HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 1, Reactivity 1 Uses: Flavor, fragrance
Storage: Do not store near excessive heat, open Properties: Cl., colorless to pale yellowish liq.;
flames, strong acids, strong bases; keep citrus, lemon, agrumic, peely odor; fresh, fruity,
container tightly closed citrus-like, candy-like taste; substantivity 24
C*IsoMaltidex [Cerestar hrs.
http://www.cerestar.com] Use Level: < 25%; 1-40 ppm in finish prod.; <
Chem. Descrip.: Isomalt 200 ppm in chewing gum
CAS 64519-82-0 Citral Extra [BASF AG http://www.basf.de]
Uses: Sweetener which protects against Chem. Descrip.: 2,6-Octadienal, 3,7-dimethyl-
moisture pickup in hard candy See Citral
Properties: Powd. CAS 5392-40-5; EINECS/ELINCS 226-394-6
C*IsoMaltidex LQ [Cerestar Uses: Fresh, lemon-like, green, sl. lime-like
http://www.cerestar.com] fragrance and flavoring
Chem. Descrip.: Isomalt and maltitol syrup Regulatory: FDA 21CFR§182.60; Canada DSL;
Uses: Sweetener in hard candy Japan ENCS (no. 2-515)
Features: Improved workability; increased visc. Properties: Cl., colorless to pale yellowish liq.;
Properties: Liq. fresh, citrusy-green, lemon peel odor; fresh-
Citral 82 [Millennium/F&F fruity, lemon-like taste; sparingly sol. in water;
http://www.millenniumchem.com] sol. in in most org. solvs.; m.w. 152.23; sp.gr.
Chem. Descrip.: Citral 0.878-0.890; b.p. 225 C; flash pt. (CC) 98 C;
CAS 5392-40-5; EINECS/ELINCS 226-394-6 ref. index 1.4860-1.4900; substantivity 24 hrs.
Uses: Fragrance in personal care prods.; Use Level: < 25%; 1-40 ppm in finish prod.; <
lemongrass oil replacement; intermediate in 200 ppm in chewing gum
chem. synthesis Toxicology: TSCA listed
Regulatory: DOT: Chemicals n.o.i. Storage: Store in original containers @ R.T.; test
Properties: Amber cl. liq.; sp.gr. 0.893; sol. 1 in 3 for quality after 24 mos.
in 70% alcohol v/v; b.p. 368 F; flash pt. (TCC) Citralione 76 D [Grau Aromatics
182 F; ref. index 1.489 (20 C); 82% min. act. http://www.grau-aromatics.de]
Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 4960 mg/kg, (skin, Chem. Descrip.: Based on citral-
rabbit) 2250 mg/kg; not a skin diisotridecylacetal See Citral diisotridecyl
irritant/sensitizer when mixed with other acetal
oils; may cause marginal to severe skin Uses: Artificial fragrance material; lemon peel
irritation when used in pure form note, green, woody, fresh
Citral 95 [Millennium/F&F Properties: Flash pt. (CC) > 100 C
Toxicology: TSCA listed
Handbook of Flavors and Fragrances 37
Part I: Trade Name Reference
Citralva® [Int'l. Flavors & Fragrances US CAS 8008-57-9
http://www.iff.com] Uses: Flavoring
Chem. Descrip.: Geranonitrile, 3,7-dimethyl- Properties: Oil; sol. 1 to 2-10 in 90% ethanol;
2,6-octadiene-1-nitrile See Geranyl nitrile dens. 0.873-0.883; flash pt. > 71 C; ref. index
CAS 5146-66-7; EINECS/ELINCS 225-918-0 1.460-1.466
Uses: Fragrance in alcoholic lotions, Citreatt Orange 6110 [R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd
antiperspirants, stick deodorant, detergent http://www.rctreatt.com; Treatt USA]
perborate, detergent TAED, fabric Chem. Descrip.: Partially deterpenated orange
softeners, hard surface cleaners, shampoo, oil See Orange (Citrus aurantium dulcis) oil
soap CAS 8008-57-9
Properties: Colorless to pale yel. liq.; citrus, Uses: Flavoring
lemon, fatty, aldehydic odor; m.w. 149; sp.gr. Properties: Oil; sol. 1 to 8-10 in 90% ethanol;
0.864-0.870; flash pt. (CC) 96 C; ref. index; dens. 0.841-0.848; flash pt. > 49 C; ref. index
1.472-1.476 1.470-1.473
Use Level: < 10% Citrocoat® [Jungbunzlauer Int'l. AG
Citreatt Lemon 3123 [R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.jungbunzlauer.com]
http://www.rctreatt.com; Treatt USA] Uses: Reagent, flavor enhancer
Chem. Descrip.: Deterpenated lemon oil See Features: Protects against moisture, micro-
Lemon (Citrus medica limonum) oil organisms, oxygen, temp., chemical reactions
CAS 8008-56-8 Regulatory: EP compliance
Uses: Flavoring agent Properties: Gran.
Properties: Oil; sol. in 90% ethanol; dens. 0.901- Citrocyl 268 E [Grau Aromatics
0.909; flash pt. > 80 C; ref. index 1.482-1.486 http://www.grau-aromatics.de]
Citreatt Lemon 6122 [R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd Chem. Descrip.: Based on citronellal
http://www.rctreatt.com; Treatt USA] diisotridecyl acetal
Chem. Descrip.: Partially deterpenated lemon Uses: Artificial fragrance material; mild,
oil See Lemon (Citrus medica limonum) oil melissa-like
CAS 8008-56-8 Properties: Flash pt. (CC) 110 C
Uses: Flavoring agent Toxicology: TSCA listed
Properties: Oil; sol. 1 in 5-10 in 90% ethanol; Citroflex® A-4 [Morflex
dens. 0.855-0.865; flash pt. > 51 C; ref. index http://www.morflex.com]
1.475-1.478 Chem. Descrip.: Acetyl tri-n-butyl citrate See
Citreatt Lime 3135 [R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd Acetyl tributyl citrate
http://www.rctreatt.com; Treatt USA] CAS 77-90-7; EINECS/ELINCS 201-067-0
Chem. Descrip.: Deterpenated lime oil See Uses: Plasticizer for PVC, PVdC, esp. food films,
Lime (Citrus aurantifolia) oil medical articles, cellulose nitrate, chlorinated
CAS 8008-26-2 rubber, ethyl cellulose, PVAc, PVB, PVP, PU,
Uses: Flavoring agent poly(acrylate/methacrylate); flavor adjuvant;
Properties: Oil; sol. in 90% ethanol; dens. 0.911- sol'n. coatings on paperboard and foil; vinyl
0.921; flash pt. > 68 C; ref. index 1.478-1.481 toys; solvent in household, I&I cleaners;
Citreatt Lime 6134 [R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd solvent, film-former, and plasticizer for inks,
http://www.rctreatt.com; Treatt USA] adhesives, coatings; food pkg. adhesives,
Chem. Descrip.: Partially deterpenated lime oil coatings, paper, polymers
See Lime (Citrus aurantifolia) oil Regulatory: FDA 21CFR§172.515, 175.105,
CAS 8008-26-2 175.300, 175.320, 175.380, 175.390, 176.170,
Uses: Flavoring 177.1210, 178.3910, 181.27; kosher
Properties: Oil; sol. in 90% ethanol; dens. 0.883- Properties: Cl. liq., essentially odorless; sol. in
0.890; flash pt. > 54 C; ref. index 1.475-1.478 toluene, heptane, < 0.1 g/100 ml water; m.w.
Citreatt Orange 3111 [R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd 402.5; sp.gr. 1.045-1.055; visc. 33 cps; pour
pt. -59 C; flash pt. (COC) 104 C; ref. index
http://www.rctreatt.com; Treatt USA]
1.441-1.4425; 99% min. assay
Chem. Descrip.: Deterpenated orange oil See
Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 30 cc/kg, (IP, mice)
Orange (Citrus aurantium dulcis) oil

Handbook of Flavors and Fragrances 38


Part I: Trade Name Reference
4000 mg/kg; sl. but transient eye irritant; oxidizing agents
nonirritating to skin Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Thermal decomp.
Environmental: Environmentally friendly may lead to release of irritating gases and
Citroflex® A-4 Special [Morflex vapors
http://www.morflex.com] HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0
Chem. Descrip.: Acetyl tri-n-butyl citrate See Storage: Unlimited storage when stored @ R.T.
Acetyl tributyl citrate in tightly closed original container in cool, dry
CAS 77-90-7; EINECS/ELINCS 201-067-0 place
Uses: Plasticizer for vinyls, adhesives, coatings, Citrofol® BII [Jungbunzlauer
medical articles and other sensitive applics.; http://www.jungbunzlauer.com;
food pkg. adhesives, coatings, paper, Jungbunzlauer Int'l. AG]
polymers; flavor adjuvant Chem. Descrip.: Acetyltributyl citrate USP/NF
Features: Improved long-term stability See Acetyl tributyl citrate
Regulatory: FDA 21CFR§172.515, 175.105, CAS 77-90-7; EINECS/ELINCS 201-067-0
175.300, 175.320, 175.380, 175.390, 176.170, Uses: Flavor; plasticizer for medical,
177.1210, 178.3910, 181.27 pharmaceuticals (dental forming masses,
Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 30 cc/kg, (IP, mice) prostheses, film coating tablets), foods,
4000 mg/kg cosmetics (aerosol hair sprays, nail polish),
Citrofol® AI [Jungbunzlauer industrial applics. (foil coatings, inks, safety
http://www.jungbunzlauer.com; glass, etc.), cellulose nitrate films, PVC and
Jungbunzlauer Int'l. AG] PVC-PVA copolymers; flexibilizer for resins at
Chem. Descrip.: Triethyl citrate FCC, USP/NF, low temps.; UV resist. aid, heat stabilizer for
EP resins; fixing agent; hardness reducer; solvent,
CAS 77-93-0; EINECS/ELINCS 201-070-7 plasticizer for plastic materials in contact with
Uses: Plasticizer for cellulose derivs., foodstuffs; plasticizer for inks for food pkg.
explosives, film coated tablets Features: May be used with vinyl latexes; high
(pharmaceutical); plasticizer, humectant for b.p.
cigarette filters; solv. for natural resins; solv., Regulatory: DOT nonregulated; CERCLA
diluent, fixative in perfumery; carrier for nonhazardous; SARA nonhazardous
fragrances; mfg. of lacquers; deodorant act.; Properties: Colorless/translucent sl. oily liq., free
cosmetics; antitackifier in low volatile hair of suspended matter; sl. odor; insol. in water;
sprays; food additive, solv. (carrier for flavors, m.w. 402.5; sp.gr. 1.045; visc. 33 mPa·s; vapor
whipping aid in dried egg white); plasticizer for pressure 1.33 hPa (173 C); b.p. 327 C; sapon.
plastic materials in contact with foodstuffs; no. 550-558; pour pt. -59 C; flash pt. 204 C;
mfg. of specialty inks for food pkg.; flavoring ref. index 1.445; 99% min. assay
agent Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 26,300 mg/kg; may
Features: Stable to light cause eye and skin irritation with susceptible
Regulatory: FDA 21CFR§184.1911 GRAS; USP persons; TSCA listed
approved; E 1505; DOT nonregulated; Environmental: Readily biodeg.
CERCLA nonhazardous; SARA nonhazardous Precaution: Incompat. with strong bases and
Properties: Colorless/translucent sl. oily liq., free oxidizing agents
of suspended matter; sl. odor; sol. 6.5 g/100 ml Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Thermal decomp.
in water; m.w. 276.3; sp.gr. 1.137; visc. 35.2 can lead to release of irritating gases and
mPa·s; vapor pressure 1.33 hPa (107 C); b.p. vapors
294 C; sapon. no. 609.20; pour pt. -45.5 C; HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0
flash pt. 150 C; ref. index 1.440; 99% min. Storage: Unlimited storage when stored @ R.T.
assay in tightly closed original container in cool, dry
Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 3200 mg/kg, place
(skin, rabbit) > 5000 mg/kg; LC50 (inh., rat, Citrominal 2154 G [Grau Aromatics
6 h) 1300 mg/kg; may cause eye and skin http://www.grau-aromatics.de]
irritation; TSCA listed Chem. Descrip.: Based on citral isononanal
Environmental: Readily biodeg. diisotridecyl acetal
Precaution: Incompat. with strong bases and Uses: Artificial fragrance material; citrus,
Handbook of Flavors and Fragrances 39
Part I: Trade Name Reference
green Use Level: < 50%
Properties: Flash pt. (CC) 88 C Citronellol 750 [Int'l. Flavors & Fragrances US
Toxicology: TSCA listed http://www.iff.com]
Citronalva [Int'l. Flavors & Fragrances US Chem. Descrip.: 3,7-Dimethyl-6-octen-1-ol
http://www.iff.com] See β-Citronellol
Chem. Descrip.: 6-Octenenitrile, 3,7-dimethyl CAS 106-22-9; EINECS/ELINCS 203-375-0
See Citronellyl nitrile Uses: Fragrance in alcoholic lotions,
CAS 51566-62-2; EINECS/ELINCS 257-288-8 antiperspirants, bleach, stick deodorant,
Uses: Fragrance in alcoholic lotions, detergent perborate, detergent TAED, fabric
antiperspirants, stick deodorant, detergent softeners, hard surface cleaners, shampoo,
perborate, detergent TAED, fabric soap
softeners, hard surface cleaners, shampoo, Regulatory: FDA 21CFR§172.515
soap Properties: Colorless to pale yel. liq.; clean,
Properties: Colorless to pale yel. liq.; citrus, fresh, rose odor; m.w. 156; sp.gr. 0.853-0.857;
lemon, metallic, aldehydic odor; m.w. 151; flash pt. (CC) 100 C; ref. index; 1.453-1.457
sp.gr. 0.844-0.849; flash pt. (CC) 96 C; ref. Use Level: < 50%
index; 1.472-1.476 Citronellol 80 [Millennium/F&F
Use Level: < 10% http://www.millenniumchem.com]
Citronellal 80 [Millennium/F&F Chem. Descrip.: Citronellol See β-Citronellol
http://www.millenniumchem.com] CAS 106-22-9; EINECS/ELINCS 203-375-0
Chem. Descrip.: 3,7-Dimethyl-6-octen-1-al See Uses: Fragrance; raw material for mfg. of
Citronellal perfume and flavor grade citronellol, its
CAS 106-23-0; EINECS/ELINCS 203-376-6 esters, and other derivs.
UN 1993 Regulatory: DOT: Chemicals n.o.i.
Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods; raw Properties: Liq.; sol. 1 in 2 in 70% alcohol v/v;
material for mfg. of perfume and flavor sp.gr. 0.852; b.p. 434 F; flash pt. (TCC) 211 F;
grade citronellal; chem. intermediate for ref. index 1.454 (20 C); 80-85% act.
synthesis of other perfume and flavor Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3450 mg/kg, (skin,
chems. rabbit) 2650 mg/kg; undiluted liq. may cause
Regulatory: FDA 21CFR§172.515; DOT skin/eye irritation
regulated Citronellol 950 [Int'l. Flavors & Fragrances US
Properties: Cl. liq.; m.w. 154.25; sp.gr. 0.850- http://www.iff.com]
0.863; dens. 7.14 lb/gal; b.p. 202.2 C; flash pt. Chem. Descrip.: 3,7-Dimethyl-6-octen-1-ol
(TCC) 78.9 C; ref. index 1.446-1.456 See β-Citronellol
Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5000 mg/kg, CAS 106-22-9; EINECS/ELINCS 203-375-0
(skin, rabbit) > 2500 mg/kg; no skin Uses: Fragrance in alcoholic lotions,
sensitization or irritation; TSCA listed antiperspirants, stick deodorant, detergent
Precaution: Combustible perborate, detergent TAED, fabric
Citronellol 700 JAX [Int'l. Flavors & softeners, hard surface cleaners, shampoo,
Fragrances US http://www.iff.com] soap
Chem. Descrip.: 3,7-Dimethyl-6-octen-1-ol Regulatory: FDA 21CFR§172.515
See β-Citronellol Properties: Colorless to pale yel. liq.; clean, rose
CAS 106-22-9; EINECS/ELINCS 203-375-0 odor; m.w. 156; sp.gr. 0.853-0.857; flash pt.
Uses: Fragrance in alcoholic lotions, (CC) > 100 C; ref. index; 1.455-1.459
antiperspirants, bleach, stick deodorant, Use Level: < 50%
detergent perborate, detergent TAED, fabric Citronellol 96 FCC [Millennium/F&F
softeners, hard surface cleaners, shampoo, http://www.millenniumchem.com]
soap Chem. Descrip.: Citronellol See β-Citronellol
Regulatory: FDA 21CFR§172.515 CAS 106-22-9; EINECS/ELINCS 203-375-0
Properties: Colorless to pale yel. liq.; clean, Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, fragrance in
fresh, rose odor; m.w. 156; sp.gr. 0.857-0.861; foods; fragrance in personal care prods.,
flash pt. (CC) 96 C; ref. index; 1.458-1.462 pharmaceuticals, food

Handbook of Flavors and Fragrances 40


Part I: Trade Name Reference
Regulatory: FDA 21CFR§172.515; DOT: floral, rose odor; m.w. 198; sp.gr. 0.886-0.892;
Chemicals n.o.i. flash pt. (CC) 100 C; ref. index; 1.440-1.445
Properties: APHA 20 max. liq.; clean rose floral Use Level: < 50%
note; sol. 1 in 2 in 70% alcohol v/v; sp.gr. Citronellol Coeur [Int'l. Flavors & Fragrances
0.850-0.860; b.p. 434 F; flash pt. (TCC) 214 F; US http://www.iff.com]
ref. index 1.454-1.462 (20 C); 96% min. act. Chem. Descrip.: 3,7-Dimethyl-6-octen-1-ol
Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3450 mg/kg, (skin, See β-Citronellol
rabbit) 2650 mg/kg; undiluted liq. may cause CAS 106-22-9; EINECS/ELINCS 203-375-0
skin/eye irritation Uses: Fragrance in alcoholic lotions,
Citronellol AJ FCC [Millennium/F&F antiperspirants, stick deodorant, detergent
http://www.millenniumchem.com] perborate, detergent TAED, fabric
Chem. Descrip.: Citronellol See β-Citronellol softeners, hard surface cleaners, shampoo,
CAS 106-22-9; EINECS/ELINCS 203-375-0 soap
Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, fragrance in Properties: Colorless to pale yel. liq.; floral, rose,
foods; fragrance in personal care prods., petal, waxy odor; m.w. 156; sp.gr. 0.851-0.859;
pharmaceuticals, food flash pt. (CC) 100 C; ref. index; 1.454-1.459
Regulatory: FDA 21CFR§172.515; DOT: Use Level: < 50%
Chemicals n.o.i. Citronellol Prime [Millennium/F&F
Properties: APHA 20 max. liq.; clean rose floral http://www.millenniumchem.com]
note; sol. 1 in 2 in 70% alcohol v/v; sp.gr. Chem. Descrip.: Citronellol, β- (86.7%), 3,7-
0.850-0.860; b.p. 426 F; flash pt. (TCC) 214 F; Dimethyl-1-Octanol (7.1%), Geraniol (2.6%),
ref. index 1.454-1.462 (20 C); 94-96% act. Nerol (2.7%) See β-Citronellol
Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3450 mg/kg, (skin, CAS 106-22-9; 106-21-8; 106-24-1; 106-25-2;
rabbit) 2650 mg/kg; undiluted liq. may cause EINECS/ELINCS 203-375-0; 203-374-5; 203-
skin/eye irritation 377-1; 203-378-7
Citronellol Acetate A [Int'l. Flavors & UN 3082
Fragrances US http://www.iff.com] Uses: Fragrance
Chem. Descrip.: 3,7-Dimethyl-6-octen-1-yl Regulatory: SARA §311/312 listed; Canada
acetate See Citronellyl acetate DSL; Australia AICS; Japan IEC; Korea
CAS 150-84-5; EINECS/ELINCS 205-775-0 KECI/ECL; Philippines PICCS; China
Uses: Fragrance in alcoholic lotions, SEPA/CICS
antiperspirants, bleach, stick deodorant, Properties: Nearly colorless liq.; APHA color 30
detergent perborate, detergent TAED, fabric max.; floral odor; sol. in alcohol; sp.gr. 0.852;
softeners, hard surface cleaners, shampoo, vapor dens. ≈ 5.4; b.p. 223 C; flash pt. (TCC)
soap 100 C; ref. index 1.455; tenacity 40 hrs. on
Regulatory: FDA 21CFR§172.515 smelling strip
Properties: Colorless to pale yel. liq.; sweet, Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3450 mg/kg, (skin,
floral, rose odor; m.w. 198; sp.gr. 0.888-0.892; rabbit) 2650 mg/kg; skin irritant; may cause
flash pt. (CC) > 100 C; ref. index; 1.442-1.446; sensitization by skin contact; TSCA listed
acid value 0.01% Environmental: Toxic to the aquatic
Use Level: 50% environment
Citronellol Acetate Coeur [Int'l. Flavors & Precaution: Wear safety glasses or goggles,
Fragrances US http://www.iff.com] rubber gloves, apron; incompat. with
Chem. Descrip.: 3,7-Dimethyl-6-octen-1-yl strong acids, bases and materials that react
acetate See Citronellyl acetate with unsat. alcohols
CAS 150-84-5; EINECS/ELINCS 205-775-0 Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, acrid
Uses: Fragrance in acid cleaner liq., alcoholic fumes
lotions, antiperspirants, stick deodorant, HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 1
detergent perborate, detergent TAED, fabric Citronellyl Acetate Extra [Millennium/F&F
softeners, hard surface cleaners, shampoo, http://www.millenniumchem.com]
soap Chem. Descrip.: Citronellyl acetate, β- (95.6%),
Properties: Colorless to pale yel. liq.; fruity, Neryl acetate (1.4%) See Citronellyl acetate

Handbook of Flavors and Fragrances 41


Part I: Trade Name Reference
CAS 150-84-5; 141-12-8; EINECS/ELINCS 205- alcohol
459-2; 205-775-0 Citrus D-Limonene [Millennium/F&F
Uses: Flavor, fragrance http://www.millenniumchem.com]
Regulatory: SARA §311/312 listed; Canada Chem. Descrip.: Limonene, D- (94.8%),
DSL; Australia AICS; Japan IEC; Korea Myrcene, β- (1.8%) See d-Limonene;
KECI/ECL; Philippines PICCS; China Myrcene
SEPA/CICS CAS 5989-27-5; 123-35-3; EINECS/ELINCS 227-
Properties: Cl., nearly colorless liq.; fruity odor; 813-5; 204-622-5
sol. in alcohol; sp.gr. 0.887; vapor dens. ≈ 6.8; UN 2319
b.p. 234 C; flash pt. (TCC) 100 C; ref. index Uses: Fragrance for solvs., cleaners
1.443; tenacity 20 hrs. on smelling strip Regulatory: SARA §311/312 listed; Canada
Toxicology: May cause skin irritation; TSCA DSL; Australia AICS; Japan IEC; Korea
listed KECI/ECL; Philippines PICCS; China
Precaution: Wear safety glasses or goggles, SEPA/CICS
rubber gloves, apron; incompat. with Properties: Pale yel. liq.; citrus-type odor; sol. in
strong acids, bases and materials that react alcohol; sp.gr. 0.840; vapor dens. ≈ 4.7; b.p.
with oxygenated hydrocarbons 178 C; flash pt. (TCC) 49 C
Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, acrid Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 4400 mg/kg, (skin,
fumes rabbit) > 5 g/kg; skin irritant; may cause
HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 1 sensitization by skin contact; TSCA listed
Storage: Do not store near excessive heat, open Environmental: Marine pollutant; very toxic to
flames, strong acids, strong bases; keep aquatic organisms
container tightly closed; avoid prolonged Precaution: Flamm. liq.; wear safety glasses or
exposure to air goggles, rubber gloves, apron; incompat.
Citrostabil® S [Jungbunzlauer Int'l. AG with strong acids, bases and materials that
http://www.jungbunzlauer.com] react with oxygenated hydrocarbons
Chem. Descrip.: Buffered, highly conc. citric Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, acrid
acid aq. sol'n. fumes
CAS 77-92-9; EINECS/ELINCS 201-069-1 HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 2, Reactivity 1
Uses: Acidulant, pH control agent for mfg. of Storage: Do not store near excessive heat, open
candy, hard caramels and jelly articles flames, strong acids, strong bases; keep
(preventing sugar inversion), and for fish container tightly closed; avoid prolonged
prods. exposure to air
Features: Provides clear, fresh, fruity taste; Citrus Stripper Oil [PDM
high buffering capacity; suppresses hydrolytic http://www.pdmchemicals.com]
decomp. of colloids; minimal water content Chem. Descrip.: d-Limonene
Regulatory: EU compliance as food addit. Chem. Analysis: D-Llimonene (95%), terpene
Properties: Colorless to lt. yel. cl. liq., nearly hydrocarbons (3%), and oxygenated terpenes
odorless; completely misc. with water; dens. ≈ (2%)
1.30 g/ml; visc. 50-80 mPa·s; b.p. 105 C; pH CAS 5989-27-5; EINECS/ELINCS 227-813-5
2.0-2.2 (10%); ≈ 75% act.; 25-27% water UN 2319 (DOT)
Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 11,700 mg/kg; may Uses: Essential oil; solvent
cause eye or skin irritation Regulatory: GRAS; DOT regulated
Environmental: Readily biodeg. Properties: Water-wh. to lt. tint cl. liq.; char.
Storage: Store @ R.T. in original container; orange odor; negligible sol. in water; sp.gr.
avoid freezing 0.838-0.843; b.p. 176 C; flash pt. 50 C; ref.
Citrus Booster, Natural [Natural Advantage index 1.471-1.474 (20 C); KB value 64; VOC
http://www.natural-advantage.net] 95% (solv.); 0.37-1.50% aldehyde
Uses: Flavor in citrus, fruit beverages Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5000 mg/kg,
Regulatory: GRAS; FDA 21CFR§172.510; (skin, rabbit) > 5000 mg/kg; causes eye,
21CFR§101.22; kosher
7
skin, and mucous membrane irritation
Properties: Cl. liq.; citrus taste; sol. in water, oil, Precaution: Combustible; avoid strong
oxidizing agents and exposure to heat,
Handbook of Flavors and Fragrances 42
Part I: Trade Name Reference
sparks, and open flame 1.462; acid value ≤ 1
Hazardous Ingredients: D-limonene (95%), Toxicology: TSCA listed
terpene hydrocarbons (3%), and oxygenated Clarycet [Int'l. Flavors & Fragrances US
terpenes (2%) http://www.iff.com]
Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2 Chem. Descrip.: 2H-pyran-4-ol, tetrahydro-4-
NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 methyl-2-propyl acetate
Storage: Store in closed containers CAS 131766-73-9; EINECS/ELINCS 412-450-9
Citrus Terpenes [PDM Uses: Fragrance in alcoholic lotions, fabric
http://www.pdmchemicals.com] softeners, shampoo, soap
Chem. Descrip.: d-Limonene (70-8%), γ- Properties: Cl., colorless liq.; herbal, clary sage,
terpinene (9-13%), terpinolene (4-6%), floral, fruity odor; m.w. 200; sp.gr. 0.976-0.984;
myrcene (1-2%) flash pt. (CC) > 100 C; ref. index; 1.439-1.447
UN 2319 Use Level: < 10%
Uses: Essential oil; solvent Clearsweet® 25/42 [Cargill Foods
Regulatory: GRAS; DOT regulated http://www.cargillfoods.com]
Properties: Water-wh. cl. liq.; mild lemon/lime Chem. Descrip.: Corn syrup
odor; negligible sol. in water; sp.gr. 0.844; Chem. Analysis: Total solids 77.4-78.6%;
vapor pressure 1.0 mm Hg (14 C); b.p. 176 F; moisture 21.4-22.6%; sulfated ash 0.4% max.;
flash pt. (TCC) 48.3 C; ref. index 1.4690- protein 0.05%; sulfur dioxide 40 ppm max.
1.4730 (20 C); VOC 95% (as solv.) Uses: Sweetener for foods
Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5000 mg/kg, Regulatory: GRAS 21CFR 184.1865
(Skin, rabbit) > 5000 mg/kg; irritates eyes, Properties: Cl. liq.; char. odor; sweet, bland
skin, and mucous membranes taste; sp.gr. 1.4127 (80/60 F); dens. 11.78
Precaution: Combustible; avoid strong lb/gal (80 F); visc. 160,000 cP (80 F), 5000 cP
oxidizing agents (140 F); ref. index 1.4876-1.4909; pH 4.5-5.3
Hazardous Ingredients: D-limonene (70-78%), (1:1); DE 23-27
gamma terpinene (9-13%), terpene Storage: Store @ 110-130 F; evaluate for fitness
hydrocarbons (5-10%), oxygenated terpenes after 6 mos.
(0-2%) Clearsweet® 25/42 IX [Cargill Foods
Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Thermal http://www.cargillfoods.com]
degradation causes CO, CO2 Chem. Descrip.: Corn syrup
NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Chem. Analysis: Total solids 77.5-78.7%;
Storage: Store in closed containers away from moisture 21.3-22.5%; sulfated ash 0.05%
heat or sources of ignition max.; sulfur dioxide 3 ppm max.
Citwanene [Camphor Allied Prods. Uses: Sweetener for foods
http://www.camphor-allied.com] Regulatory: GRAS 21CFR 184.1865
Chem. Descrip.: Mixt. of monocyclic terpenes, Properties: Cl. liq.; char. odor; sweet, bland
terpene alcohol, oxide taste; sp.gr. 1.4125 (80/60 F); dens. 11.78
Uses: Solv. in resins, rosins, alkyd resins and lb/gal (80 F); visc. 160,000 cP (80 F), 5000 cP
waxes; perfumery ingreds. for soaps, (140 F); ref. index 1.4880-1.4912; pH 4-6 (1:1);
cosmetics and toilet preps. DE 23-27
Properties: Cl. liq.; Hazen 200 max.; citrus, Storage: Store @ 110-130 F; evaluate for fitness
terpenic odor; sp.gr. 0.875-0.890; flash pt. after 6 mos.
(TCC) > 35 C; ref. index 1.479-1.486 Clearsweet® 28/42 [Cargill Foods
Claigeon® [Zeon http://www.zeon.co.jp] http://www.cargillfoods.com]
Chem. Descrip.: Methyl dihydrojasmonate Chem. Descrip.: Corn syrup
CAS 24851-98-7; EINECS/ELINCS 253-379-1 Chem. Analysis: Total solids 77.4-78.6%;
Uses: Fragrance and flavor ingred. for moisture 21.4-22.6%; sulfated ash 0.4% max.;
fragrance applics., citrus flavors protein 0.05%; sulfur dioxide 40 ppm max.
Regulatory: GRAS Uses: Sweetener for foods
Properties: Colorless to pale yel. liq.; tenacious Regulatory: GRAS 21CFR 184.1865
floral, jasmin-like odor; m.w. 226.3; dens. Properties: Cl. liq.; char. odor; sweet, bland
0.999-1.007; flash pt. 160 C; ref. index 1.456- taste; sp.gr. 1.4127 (80/60 F); dens. 11.78
Handbook of Flavors and Fragrances 43
Part I: Trade Name Reference
lb/gal (80 F); visc. 160,000 cP (80 F), 5000 cP Clearsweet® 43/43 IX [Cargill Foods
(140 F); ref. index 1.4876-1.4909; pH 4.5-5.3 http://www.cargillfoods.com]
(1:1); DE 26-30 Chem. Descrip.: Corn syrup, carbon-refined
Storage: Store @ 110-130 F; evaluate for fitness Chem. Analysis: Total solids 80.2-81.4%;
after 6 mos. moisture 18.6-19.8%; sulfated ash 0.05%
Clearsweet® 36/43 [Cargill Foods max.; sulfur dioxide 3 ppm max.; sodium 200
http://www.cargillfoods.com] ppm max.
Chem. Descrip.: Corn syrup Uses: Sweetener for foods (confections,
Chem. Analysis: Total solids 79.8-81.0%; jams, jellies, fountain and table syrups),
moisture 19.0-20.2%; sulfated ash 0.4% max.; pharmaceuticals
protein 0.05%; sulfur dioxide 40 ppm max. Regulatory: GRAS 21CFR 184.1865
Uses: Sweetener for foods Properties: Cl. liq.; char. odor; sweet, bland
Regulatory: GRAS 21CFR 184.1865 taste; sp.gr. 1.4262 (80/60 F); dens. 11.89
Properties: Cl. liq.; char. odor; sweet, bland lb/gal (80 F); visc. 81,000 cP (80 F), 2500 cP
taste; sp.gr. 1.4265 (80/60 F); dens. 11.89 (140 F); ref. index 1.4923-1.4956; DE 41-45;
lb/gal (80 F); visc. 132,000 cP (80 F), 3100 cP pH 4-6 (1:1)
(140 F); ref. index 1.4926-1.4959; DE 41-45; Storage: Store @ 110-130 F; evaluate for fitness
pH 4.5-5.3 (1:1) after 6 mos.
Storage: Store @ 110-130 F; evaluate for fitness Clearsweet® 43/43 Low SO2 [Cargill Foods
after 6 mos. http://www.cargillfoods.com]
Clearsweet® 43% High Maltose [Cargill Chem. Descrip.: Corn syrup, carbon-refined
Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com] Chem. Analysis: Total solids 80.1-81.3%;
Chem. Descrip.: Corn syrup moisture 18.7-19.9%; protein 0.05%; sulfated
Chem. Analysis: Total solids 80.3-81.5%; ash 0.4% max.; sulfur dioxide 10 ppm max.
moisture 18.5-19.7%; sulfated ash 0.4% max.; Uses: Sweetener for foods
protein 0.07%; sulfur dioxide 40 ppm max. Regulatory: GRAS 21CFR 184.1865
Uses: Sweetener Properties: Cl. liq.; char. odor; sweet, bland
Regulatory: GRAS 21CFR 184.1865 taste; sp.gr. 1.4264 (80/60 F); dens. 11.89
Properties: Cl. liq.; char. odor; sweet, bland lb/gal (80 F); visc. 81,000 cP (80 F), 2500 cP
taste; sp.gr. 1.4262 (80/60 F); dens. 11.89 (140 F); ref. index 1.4920-1.4953; DE 41-45;
lb/gal (80 F); visc. 54,000 cP (80 F), 1600 cP pH 4.5-5.3 (1:1)
(140 F); ref. index 1.4921-1.4954; pH 4.5-5.3 Storage: Store @ 110-130 F; evaluate for fitness
(1:1) after 6 mos.
Storage: Store @ 110-130 F; evaluate for fitness Clearsweet® 43/44 IX [Cargill Foods
after 6 mos. http://www.cargillfoods.com]
Clearsweet® 43/43 [Cargill Foods Chem. Descrip.: Corn syrup, carbon-refined
http://www.cargillfoods.com] Chem. Analysis: Total solids 82.2-83.4%;
Chem. Descrip.: Corn syrup, acid-converted moisture 16.6-17.8%; sulfated ash 0.05%
Chem. Analysis: Total solids 80.1-81.3%; max.; sulfur dioxide 3 ppm max.; sodium 200
moisture 18.7-18.8%; sulfated ash 0.4% max.; ppm max.
protein 0.05%; sulfur dioxide 40 ppm max. Uses: Sweetener for foods
CAS 8029-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 Regulatory: GRAS 21CFR 184.1865
Uses: Sweetener for foods (confections, Properties: Cl. liq.; char. odor; sweet, bland
jams, jellies, fountain and table syrups), taste; sp.gr. 1.4339 (80/60 F); dens. 12.00
pharmaceuticals lb/gal (80 F); visc. 220,000 cps (80 F); ref.
Regulatory: FDA 21CFR§184.1865 GRAS index 1.4978-1.5011; pH 4-6 (1:1); DE 41-45
Properties: Cl. liq.; char. odor; sweet, bland Storage: Store @ 110-130 F; evaluate for fitness
taste; sp.gr. 1.4197 (100/60 F); dens. 11.84 after 6 mos.
lb/gal (100 F); visc. 81,000 cps (80 F), 2500 cP Clearsweet® 43/44.5 [Cargill Foods
(140 F); ref. index 1.4936; DE 43; pH 4.5 (1:1); http://www.cargillfoods.com]
80.7% total solids Chem. Descrip.: Corn syrup, carbon-refined
Storage: Store @ 110 -130 F; restest after 6 Chem. Analysis: Total solids 83.1-84.3%;
mos. moisture 15.7-16.9%; sulfated ash 0.4% max.;

Handbook of Flavors and Fragrances 44


Part I: Trade Name Reference
protein 0.07%; sulfur dioxide 40 ppm max. Storage: Store @ 110-130 F; evaluate for fitness
Uses: Sweetener for chewing gum after 6 mos.
Regulatory: GRAS 21CFR 184.1865 Clearsweet® 53/44 [Cargill Foods
Properties: Cl. liq.; char. odor; sweet, bland http://www.cargillfoods.com]
taste; sp.gr. 1.4470 (80/60 F); dens. 12.06 Chem. Descrip.: Corn syrup, carbon-refined
lb/gal (80 F); visc. 700,000 cps (80 F); ref. Chem. Analysis: Total solids 82.7-83.9%;
index 1.5003-1.5037; pH 4.5-5.3 (1:1); DE 41- moisture 16.1-17.3%; sulfated ash 0.4% max.;
45 protein 0.07%; sulfur dioxide 40 ppm max.
Storage: Store @ 110-130 F; evaluate for fitness Uses: Sweetener for foods
after 6 mos. Regulatory: GRAS 21CFR 184.1865
Clearsweet® 43/45 [Cargill Foods Properties: Cl. liq.; char. odor; sweet, bland
http://www.cargillfoods.com] taste; sp.gr. 1.4396 (80/60 F); dens. 12.00
Chem. Descrip.: Corn syrup, carbon-refined lb/gal (80 F); visc. 140,000 cP (80 F), 3,200 cP
Chem. Analysis: Total solids 84.1-85.3%; (140 F); ref. index 1.4970-1.5003; pH 4.5-5.3
moisture 14.7-15.9%; sulfated ash 0.4% max.; (1:1); DE 51-55
protein 0.07%; sulfur dioxide 40 ppm max. Storage: Store @ 110-130 F; evaluate for fitness
Uses: Sweetener for chewing gum after 6 mos.
Regulatory: GRAS 21CFR 184.1865 Clearsweet® 53/44 Low SO2 [Cargill Foods
Properties: Cl. liq.; char. odor; sweet, bland http://www.cargillfoods.com]
taste; sp.gr. 1.4540 (80/60 F); dens. 12.12 Chem. Descrip.: Corn syrup, carbon-refined
lb/gal (80 F); visc. 1,200,000 cP (80 F), 12,000 Chem. Analysis: Total solids 82.7-83.9%;
cP (140 F); ref. index 1.5032-1.5065; pH 4.5- moisture 16.1-17.3%; sulfated ash 0.4% max.;
5.3 (1:1); DE 41-45 protein 0.07%; sulfur dioxide 10 ppm max.
Storage: Store @ 110-130 F; evaluate for fitness Uses: Sweetener for foods
after 6 mos. Regulatory: GRAS 21CFR 184.1865
Clearsweet® 43/45 IX [Cargill Foods Properties: Cl. liq.; char. odor; sweet, bland
http://www.cargillfoods.com] taste; sp.gr. 1.4396 (80/60 F); dens. 12.00
Chem. Descrip.: Corn syrup, carbon-refined lb/gal (80 F); visc. 140,000 cP (80 F), 3,200 cP
Chem. Analysis: Total solids 84.2-85.4%; (140 F); ref. index 1.4970-1.5003; pH 4.5-5.3
moisture 14.6-15.8%; sulfated ash 0.05% (1:1); DE 51-55
max.; sulfur dioxide 3 ppm max. Storage: Store @ 110-130 F; evaluate for fitness
Uses: Sweetener for chewing gum after 6 mos.
Regulatory: GRAS 21CFR 184.1865 Clearsweet® 63/43 [Cargill Foods
Properties: Cl. liq.; char. odor; sweet, bland http://www.cargillfoods.com]
taste; sp.gr. 1.4537 (80/60 F); dens. 12.12 Chem. Descrip.: Corn syrup, carbon-refined
lb/gal (80 F); visc. 1,200,000 cP (80 F), 12,000 Chem. Analysis: Total solids 81.4-82.6%;
cP (140 F); ref. index 1.5034-1.5068; pH 4-6 moisture 17.4-18.6%; sulfated ash 0.4% max.;
(1:1); DE 41-45 protein 0.07; sulfur dioxide 40 ppm max.
Storage: Store @ 110-130 F; evaluate for fitness Uses: Sweetener for foods (baking, flavoring,
after 6 mos. beverages)
Clearsweet® 50% High Maltose [Cargill Regulatory: GRAS 21CFR§184.1865
Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com] Properties: Cl. liq.; char. odor; sweet, bland
Chem. Descrip.: Corn syrup taste; sp.gr. 1.4263 (80/60 F); dens. 11.89
Chem. Analysis: Total solids 80.4-81.6%; lb/gal (80 F); visc. 25,000 cps (80 F), 1000 cP
moisture 18.4-19.6%; sulfated ash 0.4% max.; (140 F); ref. index 1.4916-1.4948; DE 61-65;
protein 0.07%; sulfur dioxide 40 ppm max. pH 4.5-5.3 (1:1)
Uses: Sweetener Storage: Store @ 110-130 F; evaluate for fitness
Regulatory: GRAS 21CFR 184.1865 after 6 mos.
Properties: Cl. liq.; char. odor; sweet, bland Clearsweet® 63/44 [Cargill Foods
taste; sp.gr. 1.4262 (80/60 F); dens. 11.89 http://www.cargillfoods.com]
lb/gal (80 F); visc. 33,000 cP (80 F), 1200 cP Chem. Descrip.: Corn syrup
(140 F); ref. index 1.4920-1.4952; pH 4.5-5.3 Chem. Analysis: Total solids 83.4-84.6%;
(1:1) moisture 15.4-16.6%; sulfated ash 0.4% max.;
Handbook of Flavors and Fragrances 45
Part I: Trade Name Reference
protein 0.07; sulfur dioxide 40 ppm max. odor; sweet, bland taste; sp.gr. 1.3341 (100/60
Uses: Sweetener for foods (baking, flavoring, F); dens. 11.12 lb/gal (100 F); visc. 41 cps
beverages) (130 F); ref. index 1.4640; pH 4.5 (10%); 71%
Regulatory: GRAS 21CFR 184.1865 total solids; 99.5% fermentables
Properties: Cl. liq.; char. odor; sweet, bland Storage: Store @ 125-135 F
taste; sp.gr. 1.4399 (80/60 F); dens. 12.01 Clintose® A [ADM Corn Processing
lb/gal (80 F); visc. 110,000 cps (80 F), 2500 cP http://www.adm.org/naen/ahn/cornprocessi
(140 F); ref. index 1.4969-1.5002; DE 61-65; ng.asp; MLG Enterprises]
pH 4.5-5.3 (1:1) Chem. Descrip.: Refined dextrose See
Storage: Store @ 110-130 F; evaluate for fitness Glucose
after 6 mos. Chem. Analysis: Moisture 8.5%; sulfated ash
Clearsweet® 63/44 Low SO2 [Cargill Foods 0.02%
http://www.cargillfoods.com] CAS 50-99-7; EINECS/ELINCS 200-075-1
Chem. Descrip.: Corn syrup Uses: Sweetener, flavoring agent, flavor
Chem. Analysis: Total solids 83.4-84.6%; enhancer for foods, pharmaceuticals,
moisture 15.4-16.6%; sulfated ash 0.4% max.; tableting
protein 0.07; sulfur dioxide 10 ppm max. Features: Features mild sweetness, high
Uses: Sweetener for foods (baking, flavoring, fermentability, negative heat of sol'n., high
beverages) osmotic pressure
Regulatory: GRAS 21CFR 184.1865 Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR 168.110, 168.111
Properties: Cl. liq.; char. odor; sweet, bland Properties: Wh. cryst., odorless, bland sweet
taste; sp.gr. 1.4399 (80/60 F); dens. 12.01 taste; 99% min. through #16 screen; 99.7%
lb/gal (80 F); visc. 110,000 cps (80 F), 2500 cP act., 8.5% moisture
(140 F); ref. index 1.4969-1.5002; DE 61-65; Toxicology: Inh. may cause irritation
pH 4.5-5.3 (1:1) Precaution: Avoid ignition sources where fine
Storage: Store @ 110-130 F; evaluate for fitness dusts are generated
after 6 mos. Clintose® F [ADM Corn Processing
Clearsweet® 95% Dextrose Corn Syrup http://www.adm.org/naen/ahn/cornprocessi
[Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com] ng.asp]
Chem. Descrip.: Corn syrup Chem. Descrip.: Dextrose See Glucose
Chem. Analysis: Moisture 28.5-29.5%; sulfated CAS 50-99-7; EINECS/ELINCS 200-075-1
ash 0.05% max.; sulfur dioxide 2 ppm max. Uses: Sweetener featuring mild sweetness,
CAS 8029-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 natural flavor enhancement, high
Uses: Sweetener for foods (baking, brewing, fermentability, high osmotic pressure; for
fermentation, pickles, wine), baking, confections, canning
pharmaceuticals Properties: Wh. powd.; 98% through 50 mesh,
Features: Low ash; high dextrose content 60% through 100 mesh; 99.7% act., 8.5%
Regulatory: GRAS 21CFR§184.1865 moisture
Properties: Cl. liq.; char. odor; sweet, bland Clintose® Granular Dextrose [ADM Arkady
taste; sp.gr. 1.3348 (100/60 F); dens. 11.13 http://www.admworld.com;
lb/gal (100 F); visc. 57 cps (120 F); ref. index http://food.admworld.com/arkady]
1.4644; DE 97; pH 4.2 (1:1); 71% total solids Chem. Descrip.: Dextrose
Clearsweet® 99 Refined Liquid Dextrose Chem. Analysis: Moisture 8.0%; sulfated ash
[Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com] 0.02%
Chem. Descrip.: Dextrose (99%) See Glucose CAS 50-99-7
Chem. Analysis: Moisture 28.5-29.5%; sulfated Uses: Flavoring
ash 0.05% max.; sulfur dioxide 2 ppm max. Features: Mild sweetness; nat. flavor
CAS 50-99-7; EINECS/ELINCS 200-075-1 enhancement; high fermentability; negative
Uses: Sweetener, carbohydrate source in heat of sol'n.
fermentation for foods, brewing, Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR 168.110, 168.111
pharmaceuticals Properties: Wh., crystalline powd.; bland, sweet
Regulatory: GRAS 21CFR§184.1865 taste; odorless; 50% sol. in water @ 68 F; m.p.
Properties: Cl. liq. @ 140 F, solid @ R.T.; char. 83 C
Handbook of Flavors and Fragrances 46
Part I: Trade Name Reference
Toxicology: Inh. may cause irritation http://www.cerestar.com]
Precaution: Avoid ignition sources where fine Chem. Descrip.: Maltitol
dusts are generated CAS 585-88-6; EINECS/ELINCS 209-567-0
Storage: Store @ R.T. with 50% relative Uses: Sweetener in hard and soft candies,
humidity gums, pastilles, foams, jam, jellies, ice
Clintose® VF [ADM Corn Processing cream, baked goods, sugar-free prods.,
http://www.adm.org/naen/ahn/cornprocessi diabetic prods.
ng.asp] Features: Functional replacement for sugar
Chem. Descrip.: Dextrose See Glucose and glucose syrup in sugar-free and
Chem. Analysis: Moisture 8.5%; sulfated ash diabetic prods.
0.02% Properties: Syrup
CAS 50-99-7; EINECS/ELINCS 200-075-1 C*Maltidex L [Cerestar
Uses: Sweetener featuring mild sweetness, http://www.cerestar.com]
natural flavor enhancement, high Chem. Descrip.: Maltitol
fermentability, high osmotic pressure; for CAS 585-88-6; EINECS/ELINCS 209-567-0
baking, confections, canning Uses: Sweetener in hard and soft candies,
Features: Mild sweetness; nat. flavor gums, pastilles, foams, jam, jellies, ice
enhancement; high fermentability; negative cream, baked goods, sugar-free prods.,
heat of sol'n. diabetic prods.
Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR 168.110, 168.111 Features: Functional replacement for sugar
Properties: Wh., crystalline powd.; 99% through and glucose syrup in sugar-free and
100 mesh, 75% through 200 mesh; bland, diabetic prods.
sweet taste; odorless; 50% sol. in water @ 68 Properties: Syrup
F; m.p. 83 C C*Maltidex M [Cerestar
Toxicology: Inh. may cause irritation http://www.cerestar.com]
Precaution: Avoid ignition sources where fine Chem. Descrip.: Maltitol
dusts are generated CAS 585-88-6; EINECS/ELINCS 209-567-0
Storage: Store @ R.T. with 50% relative Uses: Sweetener in hard and soft candies,
humidity
gums, pastilles, foams, jam, jellies, ice
Clonal [Int'l. Flavors & Fragrances US cream, baked goods, sugar-free prods.,
http://www.iff.com] diabetic prods.
Chem. Descrip.: N-Dodecane nitrile See Features: Functional replacement for sugar
Lauryl nitrile and glucose syrup in sugar-free and
CAS 2437-25-4; EINECS/ELINCS 219-440-1 diabetic prods.
Uses: Fragrance in alcoholic lotions, Properties: Syrup
antiperspirant, bleach, deodorant sticks, C*Mannidex 16700 [Cerestar
detergent perborate, detergent TAED, http://www.cerestar.com]
shampoo, soap Chem. Descrip.: Mannitol See D-Mannitol
Properties: Colorless liq.; citrus, zesty/peely Uses: Diluent in tablet, capsule, powd.
(citrus), fatty, herbal odor; m.w. 181; sp.gr.
formulations; sweetening agent; plasticizer
0.820-0.828; flash pt. (CC) > 100 C; ref. index;
for gelatin capsules
1.433-1.438
Features: Suitable for water sensitive applics.
Use Level: < 5%
CNP BRSDE42CL [Calif. Natural Prods.
C*Maltidex CH [Cerestar
http://www.californianatural.com]
http://www.cerestar.com]
Chem. Descrip.: Clarified brown rice syrup
Chem. Descrip.: Maltitol
Chem. Analysis: Ash 0.7%
CAS 585-88-6; EINECS/ELINCS 209-567-0
Uses: Sweetener
Uses: Sweetener in chocolate, chewing gum, Features: Low flavor impact
baked goods Regulatory: Kosher
Features: Hard coating; low hygroscopicity Properties: Straw to amber; sweet taste; dens.
Properties: Powd. 11.8 lbs/gal @ 100 F; visc. 125 poise @ 100 F;
C*Maltidex H [Cerestar pH 6.0-6.6 (5% dilution); dextrose equivalent

Handbook of Flavors and Fragrances 47


Part I: Trade Name Reference
45%; glucose 21 g/100 g; maltose 19 g/100 g syrup
Storage: Store unopened @ 60-90 F in food Uses: Lightly filtered to make opaque syrup
grade warehouse with buttery flavor notes; sweetener,
CNP BRSHG40 [Calif. Natural Prods. humectant for soy-based prods.; beverage
http://www.californianatural.com] sweetener, licorice, soft confections,
Chem. Descrip.: High glucose brown rice syrup caramel corn, granola, cereals, baked
Uses: Lightly filtered to make opaque syrup goods, cookies, table syrups, desserts
with buttery flavor notes; preferred Regulatory: Kosher certified
sweetener for soy-based prods., granola, Properties: Dens. 11.8 lb/gal (100 F); visc. 100
cereals, sauces, catsup poise (100 F); DE 55; pH 6.0-6.6 (10%)
Regulatory: Kosher certified CNP BRSMC35 [Calif. Natural Prods.
Properties: Dens. 11.8 lb/gal (100 F); visc. 100 http://www.californianatural.com]
poise (100 F); DE 70; pH 6.0-6.6 (10%) Chem. Descrip.: Med. conversion brown rice
CNP BRSHM [Calif. Natural Prods. syrup
http://www.californianatural.com] Uses: Lightly filtered to make opaque syrup
Chem. Descrip.: High maltose brown rice syrup with buttery flavor notes; sweetener,
Uses: Lightly filtered to make opaque syrup humectant for soy-based prods.; beverage
with buttery flavor notes; sweetener for sweetener, licorice, soft confections,
hard candies, cough drops, home brew caramel corn, granola, cereals, baked
beers, flavor carrier, extruded goods, cookies, table syrups, desserts
bars/confections Regulatory: Kosher certified
Regulatory: Kosher certified Properties: Dens. 11.8 lb/gal (100 F); visc. 100
Properties: Dens. 11.8 lb/gal (100 F); visc. 125 poise (100 F); DE 60; pH 6.0-6.6 (10%)
poise (100 F); DE 42; pH 6.0-6.6 (10%) CNP BRSMC35CL [Calif. Natural Prods.
CNP BRSHMCL [Calif. Natural Prods. http://www.californianatural.com]
http://www.californianatural.com] Chem. Descrip.: Clarified med. conversion
Chem. Descrip.: Clarified high maltose brown brown rice syrup
rice syrup Uses: Sweetener, humectant for soy-based
Uses: Sweetener, flavor carrier for hard prods.; sweetener for beverages, licorice,
candies, cough drops, home brew beers, soft confections, caramel corn, granola,
extruded bars/confections cereals, baked goods, cookies, table
Features: Patented syrup with further filtration to syrups
produce a clear syrup with low flavor profile Features: Patented syrup with further filtration to
Regulatory: Kosher certified produce a clear syrup with low flavor profile
Properties: Dens. 11.8 lb/gal (100 F); visc. 125 Regulatory: Kosher certified
poise (100 F); DE 42; pH 6.0-6.6 (5%) Properties: Dens. 11.8 lb/gal (100 F); visc. 100
CNP BRSMC10 [Calif. Natural Prods. poise (100 F); DE 57; pH 6.0-6.6 (5%)
http://www.californianatural.com] CNP BRSSHG40 [Calif. Natural Prods.
Chem. Descrip.: Med. conversion brown rice http://www.californianatural.com]
syrup Chem. Descrip.: High glucose brown rice syrup
Uses: Lightly filtered to make opaque syrup solids
with buttery flavor notes; sweetener, Uses: Sweetener, humectant for instant
humectant for soy-based prods.; beverage soups, baking, soy-based prods.
sweetener, licorice, soft confections, Regulatory: Kosher certified
caramel corn, granola, cereals, baked Properties: Lt. beige drum-dried powd., -30
goods, cookies, table syrups, desserts mesh, caramel flavor; DE 70; pH 6.0-6.6 (5%)
Regulatory: Kosher certified CNP BRSSHM [Calif. Natural Prods.
Properties: Dens. 11.8 lb/gal (100 F); visc. 125 http://www.californianatural.com]
poise (100 F); DE 50; pH 6.0-6.6 (10%) Chem. Descrip.: High maltose brown rice syrup
CNP BRSMC20 [Calif. Natural Prods. solids
http://www.californianatural.com] Uses: Sweetener, flavor carrier for hard
Chem. Descrip.: Med. conversion brown rice candies, cough drops, home brew beers,

Handbook of Flavors and Fragrances 48


Part I: Trade Name Reference
extruded bars/confections grade warehouse
Regulatory: Kosher certified CNP ORSMC10 [Calif. Natural Prods.
Properties: Off-wh. spray-dried powd., -100 http://www.californianatural.com]
mesh, bland taste or lt. beige drum-dried Chem. Descrip.: Org. brown rice syrup
powd., -30 mesh, caramel flavor; DE 42; pH Uses: Sweetener
6.0-6.6 (5%) Features: Lightly filtered; mild buttery flavor
CNP BRSSHMCL [Calif. Natural Prods. note
http://www.californianatural.com] Properties: Straw to amber; sweet taste; dens.
Chem. Descrip.: Clarified high maltose brown 11.8 lbs/gal @ 100 F; visc. 125 poise @ 100 F;
rice syrup solids pH 6.0-6.6 (5% dilution); dextrose equivalent
Uses: Sweetener, flavor carrier for hard 50%; glucose 13 g/100 g; maltose 33 g/100 g
candies, cough drops, home brew beers, Storage: Store unopened @ 60-90 F in food
extruded bars/confections grade warehouse
Features: Patented syrup with further filtration to CNP ORSMC20 [Calif. Natural Prods.
produce a clear syrup with low flavor profile http://www.californianatural.com]
Regulatory: Kosher certified Chem. Descrip.: Org. brown rice syrup
Properties: Lt. beige drum-dried powd., -30 Uses: Sweetener
mesh, caramel flavor or off-wh. spray-dried Features: Lightly filtered; mild buttery flavor
powd., -100 mesh, bland taste; DE 42; pH 6.0- note
6.6 (5%) Properties: Straw to amber; sweet taste; dens.
CNP OPPRSRDCL [Calif. Natural Prods. 11.8 lbs/gal @ 100 F; visc. 100 poise @ 100 F;
http://www.californianatural.com] pH 6.0-6.6 (5% dilution); dextrose equivalent
Chem. Descrip.: Clarified partially polished org. 55%; glucose 20 g/100 g; maltose 19 g/100 g
brown rice syrup Storage: Store unopened @ 60-90 F in food
Chem. Analysis: Ash 0.7% grade warehouse
Uses: Sweetener CNP ORSMC35 [Calif. Natural Prods.
Properties: Gold to amber; sweet taste; dens. http://www.californianatural.com]
11.8 lbs/gal @ 100 F; visc. 150 poise @ 100 F; Chem. Descrip.: Org. brown rice syrup
pH 6.0-6.6 (5% dilution) Uses: Sweetener
Storage: Store unopened @ 60-90 F in food Features: Lightly filtered; mild buttery flavor
grade warehouse note
CNP ORSHM [Calif. Natural Prods. Properties: Straw to amber; sweet taste; dens.
http://www.californianatural.com] 11.8 lbs/gal @ 100 F; visc. 100 poise @ 100 F;
Chem. Descrip.: Org. brown rice syrup pH 6.0-6.6 (5% dilution); dextrose equivalent
Uses: Sweetener 60%; glucose 33 g/100 g; maltose 23 g/100 g
Features: Lightly filtered; mild buttery flavor Storage: Store unopened @ 60-90 F in food
note grade warehouse
Properties: Straw to amber; sweet taste; dens. CNP ORSMC35CL [Calif. Natural Prods.
11.8 lbs/gal @ 100 F; visc. 150 poise @ 100 F; http://www.californianatural.com]
pH 6.0-6.6 (5% dilution); dextrose equivalent Chem. Descrip.: Clarified org. brown rice syrup
42%; glucose 3 g/100 g; maltose 29 g/100 g Chem. Analysis: Ash 0.7%
Storage: Store unopened @ 60-90 F in food Uses: Sweetener
grade warehouse Properties: Gold to amber; sweet taste; dens.
CNP ORSHMCL [Calif. Natural Prods. 11.8 lbs/gal @ 100 F; visc. 125 poise @ 100 F;
http://www.californianatural.com] pH 6.0-6.6 (5% dilution); dextrose equivalent
Chem. Descrip.: Clarified org. brown rice syrup 60%; glucose 29 g/100 g; maltose 25 g/100 g
Chem. Analysis: Ash 0.7% Storage: Store unopened @ 60-90 F in food
Uses: Sweetener grade warehouse
Properties: Gold to amber; sweet taste; dens. CNP ORSMC40 [Calif. Natural Prods.
11.8 lbs/gal @ 100 F; visc. 125 poise @ 100 F; http://www.californianatural.com]
pH 6.0-6.6 (5% dilution); dextrose equivalent Chem. Descrip.: Org. brown rice syrup
42%; glucose 4 g/100 g; maltose 31 g/100 g Uses: Sweetener
Storage: Store unopened @ 60-90 F in food
Handbook of Flavors and Fragrances 49
Part I: Trade Name Reference
Features: Lightly filtered; mild buttery flavor home brew kits
note Features: Low osmolality
Properties: Straw to amber; sweet taste; dens. Regulatory: Kosher certified
11.8 lbs/gal @ 100 F; visc. 100 poise @ 100 F; Properties: Off-wh. spray-dried powd., -100
pH 6.0-6.6 (5% dilution); dextrose equivalent mesh, bland taste or lt. beige drum-dried
70%; glucose 40 g/100 g; maltose 16 g/100 g powd., -30 mesh, caramel flavor; sol. in water;
Storage: Store unopened @ 60-90 F in food DE 42; pH 6.0-6.6 (5%)
grade warehouse CNP RSSRD [Calif. Natural Prods.
CNP PPRSRDCL [Calif. Natural Prods. http://www.californianatural.com]
http://www.californianatural.com] Chem. Descrip.: Low conversion rice syrup
Chem. Descrip.: Clarified low conversion solids
partially polished brown rice syrup Uses: Carrier, sol. complex carbohydrate,
Uses: Sweetener for foods bulking agent, flavor carrier for dry beverage
Features: Patented syrup with further filtration to mixes for sports/oral rehydration, home brew
produce a clear syrup with low flavor profile; kits
preferred in high usage and nonfat prod. Features: Low osmolality
formulation Regulatory: Kosher certified
Regulatory: Kosher certified Properties: Off-wh. spray-dried powd., -100
Properties: Dens. 11.8 lb/gal (100 F); visc. 150 mesh, bland taste; sol. in water; DE 26; pH
poise (100 F); DE 26; pH 6.0-6.6 (5%) 6.0-6.6 (5%)
CNP RSSHG40 [Calif. Natural Prods. CNP WRSHG40 [Calif. Natural Prods.
http://www.californianatural.com] http://www.californianatural.com]
Chem. Descrip.: High glucose rice syrup solids Chem. Descrip.: High glucose rice syrup
Uses: Sweetener, humectant for instant Uses: Patented traditional syrup from wh. rice,
soups, baking, soy-based prods. lightly filtered to produce a translucent syrup
Regulatory: Kosher certified Features: Light butter flavor note
Properties: Lt. beige drum-dried powd., -30 Regulatory: Kosher certified
mesh, caramel flavor; sol. in water; DE 70; pH Properties: Dens. 11.8 lb/gal (100 F); visc. 100
6.0-6.6 (5%) poise (100 F); DE 70; pH 6.0-6.6 (5%);
CNP RSSHM [Calif. Natural Prods. dextrose equivalent 70%; glucose 42 g/100 g;
http://www.californianatural.com] maltose 19 g/100 g
Chem. Descrip.: High maltose rice syrup solids CNP WRSHM [Calif. Natural Prods.
Uses: Drum-dried: sweetener, humectant for http://www.californianatural.com]
instant soups, baking, soy-based prods.; Chem. Descrip.: High maltose rice syrup
spray-dried: carrier, sol. complex Uses: Patented traditional syrup from wh. rice,
carbohydrate, bulking agent, flavor carrier for lightly filtered to produce a translucent syrup
dry beverage mixes for sports/oral rehydration, Features: Light butter flavor note
home brew kits Regulatory: Kosher certified
Features: Low osmolality Properties: Dens. 11.8 lb/gal (100 F); visc. 125
Regulatory: Kosher certified poise (100 F); DE 42; pH 6.0-6.6 (5%);
Properties: Off-wh. spray-dried powd., -100 dextrose equivalent 42%; glucose 3 g/100 g;
mesh, bland taste or lt. beige drum-dried maltose 31 g/100 g
powd., -30 mesh, caramel flavor; sol. in water; CNP WRSHMCL [Calif. Natural Prods.
DE 42; pH 6.0-6.6 (5%) http://www.californianatural.com]
CNP RSSHMCL [Calif. Natural Prods. Chem. Descrip.: Clarified high maltose rice
http://www.californianatural.com] syrup
Chem. Descrip.: Clarified high maltose rice Uses: Patented clear syrup with low flavor
syrup solids profile; used for applics. with high syrup usage
Uses: Drum-dried: sweetener, humectant for or lightly flavored prods. such as vanilla-
instant soups, baking, soy-based prods.; flavored desserts
spray-dried: carrier, sol. complex Regulatory: Kosher certified
carbohydrate, bulking agent, flavor carrier for Properties: Dens. 11.8 lb/gal; visc. 125 poise
dry beverage mixes for sports/oral rehydration, (100 F); DE 42; pH 6.0-6.6 (5%)
Handbook of Flavors and Fragrances 50
Part I: Trade Name Reference
CNP WRSMC30CL [Calif. Natural Prods. Regulatory: GRAS; FDA 21CFR§172.510;
http://www.californianatural.com] 21CFR§101.22; kosher
9

Chem. Descrip.: Clarified med. conversion rice Properties: Dk. brown, visc. liq.; strong, rich
syrup chocolate taste; sol. in water, PG, alcohol
Uses: Patented clear syrup with low flavor Cocoa Powder Black Alkalized [ADM Arkady
profile; used for applics. with high syrup usage http://www.admworld.com;
or lightly flavored prods. such as vanilla- http://food.admworld.com/arkady]
flavored desserts Chem. Analysis: Fat 10-12%
Regulatory: Kosher certified Uses: Flavoring
Properties: Dens. 11.8 lb/gal; visc. 100 poise Properties: Blk.; pH 7.5-8.7
(100 F); DE 57; pH 6.0-6.6 (5%) Storage: Store @ 55-65 F and < 50% relative
CNP WRSRD [Calif. Natural Prods. humidity in well-ventilated area
http://www.californianatural.com] Cocoa Powder Dark Brown Alkalized [ADM
Chem. Descrip.: Low conversion rice syrup Arkady http://www.admworld.com;
Uses: Patented traditional syrup from wh. rice, http://food.admworld.com/arkady]
lightly filtered to produce a translucent syrup Chem. Analysis: Fat 10-12%
Features: Light butter flavor note Uses: Flavoring
Regulatory: Kosher certified Properties: Dk. brn.; pH 7.5-8.5
Properties: Dens. 11.8 lb/gal (100 F); visc. 150 Storage: Store @ 55-65 F and < 50% relative
poise (100 F); DE 26; pH 6.0-6.6 (5%); humidity in well-ventilated area
dextrose equivalent 26%; glucose 6 g/100 g; Cocoa Powder Lightly Alkalized - Medium Fat
maltose 13 g/100 g [ADM Arkady http://www.admworld.com;
CNP WRSRDCL [Calif. Natural Prods. http://food.admworld.com/arkady]
http://www.californianatural.com] Chem. Analysis: Fat 15-22%
Chem. Descrip.: Clarified low conversion rice Uses: Flavoring
syrup Properties: Med. brn.; pH 6.5-7.5
Uses: Patented clear syrup with low flavor Storage: Store @ 55-65 F and < 50% relative
profile; used for applics. with high syrup usage humidity in well-ventilated area
or lightly flavored prods. such as vanilla- Cocoa Powder Medium Alkalized [ADM
flavored desserts Arkady http://www.admworld.com;
Regulatory: Kosher http://food.admworld.com/arkady]
Properties: Dens. 11.8 lb/gal; visc. 150 poise Chem. Analysis: Fat 15-22%
(100 F); DE 26%; pH 6.0-6.6 (5%); dextrose Uses: Flavoring
equivalent 26%; glucose 6 g/100 g; maltose 13 Properties: Med. to dk. brn.; pH 6.5-7.5
g/100 g Storage: Store @ 55-65 F and < 50% relative
Cocal™ [Int'l. Flavors & Fragrances US humidity in well-ventilated area
http://www.iff.com] Cocoa Powder Medium Alkalized - Medium
Chem. Descrip.: Benzeneacetaldehyde, α-(3- Fat [ADM Arkady
methylbutylidene)- See 5-Methyl-2-phenyl- http://www.admworld.com;
2-hexenal http://food.admworld.com/arkady]
CAS 21834-92-4 Chem. Analysis: Fat 15-22%
Uses: Flavor Uses: Flavoring
Properties: Cl. colorless to yel. liq.; cocoa odor; Properties: Med. to dk. brn.; pH 6.5-7.5
m.w. 188; dens. 0.968-0.978; flash pt. (CC) Storage: Store @ 55-65 F and < 50% relative
100 C; ref. index 1.528-1.5370; acid value 10 humidity in well-ventilated area
max.
Cocoa Powder Natural [ADM Arkady
Storage: 12 mos.
http://www.admworld.com;
Cocal Reaction Flavor, Natural [Natural http://food.admworld.com/arkady]
Advantage http://www.natural- Chem. Analysis: Fat 10-12%
advantage.net] Uses: Flavoring
Uses: Flavor in chocolate, confectionaries, Properties: Lt. brn.; pH 5.1-6.0
baked goods, coffee Storage: Store @ 55-65 F and < 50% relative

Handbook of Flavors and Fragrances 51


Part I: Trade Name Reference
humidity in well-ventilated area flavor for pharmaceuticals
Cocoa Powder Natural - High Fat [ADM Properties: Cl. to pale yel. oil; sweet grapefuit
Arkady http://www.admworld.com; aroma; sol. in benzyl benzoate and min. oil; sl.
http://food.admworld.com/arkady] sol. in PG; insol. in water and glycerine; sp.gr.
Chem. Analysis: Fat 22-24% 0.848-0.858; vapor pressure 2 mm Hg (20 C);
Uses: Flavoring b.p. 349 F; flash pt. (CC) 48 C; ref. index
Properties: Lt. brn.; pH 5.1-6.0 1.4750-1.4780; 98% volatile
Storage: Store @ 55-65 F and < 50% relative Toxicology: Mod. irritant to skin, eyes, nose,
humidity in well-ventilated area and throat; sl. allergen; mod. ing. and sl.
Cocoa Powder Natural - Medium Fat [ADM inh. hazard
Arkady http://www.admworld.com; Precaution: Combustible; keep away from
http://food.admworld.com/arkady] heat, sparks, open flame; incompat. with
Chem. Analysis: Fat 15-22% strong oxidizing agents
Uses: Flavoring Hazardous Ingredients: None
Properties: Lt. brn.; pH 5.1-6.0 HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0
Storage: Store @ 55-65 F and < 50% relative Storage: Store @ < 21 C in well-ventilated,
humidity in well-ventilated area covered area; once opened, head space
should be purged with inert gas and tightly
Coffee Extract Nce Iiim Nat. [Int'l. Flavors &
resealed
Fragrances US http://www.iff.com]
Uses: Flavor Cold Pressed Orange Oil [Florida Chem.
Features: Kosher http://www.floridachemical.com]
Properties: Brn. liq.; roasted, brown, bitter odor; Chem. Descrip.: Cold pressed orange oil—
sol. in water; sp.gr. 1.24; flash pt. (CC) 201 F midseason and Valencia See Orange (Citrus
aurantium dulcis) oil
Coffee Extract Nce Iv Nat. [Int'l. Flavors &
CAS 8008-57-9
Fragrances US http://www.iff.com]
Uses: Color enhancer, flavor booster for
Uses: Flavor
Features: Kosher foods, fragrances
Properties: Brn. liq.; roasted, nutty odor; sol. in Properties: Lt. yel.-orange liq.; fresh orange
water; sp.gr. 1.28; flash pt. (CC) 201 F aroma; sol. in benzyl benzoate, min. oil; sl. sol.
in propylene glycol; insol. in water, glycerine;
Coffee Booster - 1, Natural [Natural sp.gr. 0.842-0.846; vapor pressure 2 mm Hg
Advantage http://www.natural- (20 C); b.p. 349 F; flash pt. (CC) 118 F; ref.
advantage.net] index 1.4720-1.4740; 98% volatile
Uses: Flavor in sweet goods, beverages Toxicology: Mod. irritant, sl. allergen; mod.
Regulatory: GRAS; FDA 21CFR§172.510; ing. and sl. inh. hazard
21CFR§101.22; kosher
9

Precaution: Combustible; keep away from


Properties: Cl. liq.; freshly brewed coffee taste; heat, sparks, open flame; incompat. with
sol. in oil, PG, alcohol strong oxidizing agents
Coffee Booster - 2, Natural [Natural HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0
Advantage http://www.natural- Storage: Store tightly sealed in full containers in
advantage.net] well-ventilated area @ < 21 C; partially filled
Uses: Flavor in sweet goods, beverages containers should be blanketed with nitrogen
Regulatory: GRAS; FDA 21CFR§172.510; Coniferan [Int'l. Flavors & Fragrances US
21CFR§101.22; kosher
9

http://www.iff.com]
Properties: Cl. yel. liq.; freshly brewed coffee Chem. Descrip.: Ortho tertiary Amyl
taste; sol. in oil, PG, alcohol cyclohexanyl acetate See Amylcyclohexyl
Cold Pressed Grapefruit Oil [Florida Chem. acetate
http://www.floridachemical.com] CAS 67874-72-0; EINECS/ELINCS 267-500-0
Chem. Descrip.: Cold pressed grapefruit oil Uses: Fragrance in alcoholic lotions,
See Grapefruit (Citrus grandis) oil antiperspirant, bleach, deodorant sticks,
CAS 8016-20-4 detergent perborate, detergent TAED, fabric
Uses: Colorant, flavor enhancer, fragrance softener, hard surface cleaner, shampoo,
enhancer for foods, floral perfumes; natural soap
Handbook of Flavors and Fragrances 52
Part I: Trade Name Reference
Properties: Colorless liq.; woody, herbal, fruity, 0.03%
pine odor; m.w. 212; sp.gr. 0.940-0.948; flash CAS 8029-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4
pt. (CC) > 100 C; ref. index; 1.455-1.459 Uses: Sweetener offering intense sweetness,
Use Level: < 10% sweetness synergism, flavor enhancement,
CornBlend Frying Shortening 102-070 [ADM humectancy, low water activity, f.p.
Arkady http://www.admworld.com; depression, high osmotic pressure; for
http://food.admworld.com/arkady] beverages, baked goods, frozen foods,
Uses: Flavoring cereals, dairy prods., reduced-calorie foods
Properties: Iodine value 109-115 Properties: Water-wh. liq., very sweet taste;
Storage: Store @ R.T. sp.gr. 1.35; dens. 11.56 lb/gal; visc. 575 cps
Cornsweet® [ADM Arkady (80 F); b.p. 230 F; pH 3.5; 77% dry solids, 95%
http://www.admworld.com; fructose.
http://food.admworld.com/arkady] Storage: Store @ 65-75 F
Chem. Descrip.: High fructose corn syrup CornSweet® Crystalline Fructose [ADM Corn
Uses: Flavoring Processing
Regulatory: FDA 21CFR 184.1866 http://www.adm.org/naen/ahn/cornprocessi
Properties: Cl., colorless to sl. straw colored liq.; ng.asp; MLG Enterprises]
sweet taste; odorless; sol. in water; sp.gr. Chem. Descrip.: Fructose FCC/USP
1.35; b.p. 230 F Uses: Sweetener offering intense sweetness,
Storage: Store @ 90-95 F sweetness synergism, flavor enhancement,
CornSweet® 42 [ADM Corn Processing humectancy, low water activity, f.p.
http://www.adm.org/naen/ahn/cornprocessi depression, high osmotic pressure; for
ng.asp; MLG Enterprises] beverages, baked goods, frozen foods,
Chem. Descrip.: High fructose corn syrup cereals, dairy prods., reduced-calorie foods
CAS 8029-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 Properties: Wh. free-flowing cryst., odorless,
Uses: Sweetener for use at 50-100% clean very sweet taste; 1% max. on 16 mesh,
replacement for sucrose or invert sugar; 10% max. through 100 mesh; bulk dens. 52
clean, nonmasking sweetness for use in lb/ft3; m.p. 103 C; 99.9% act.
delicate flavored foods Storage: Store @ 25 C and 50% r.h.
Properties: Water-wh. low-visc. syrup, sweet 42/43 Corn Syrup [MLG Enterprises]
taste; dens. 11.23 lb/gal; visc. 225 cps (70 F); Chem. Descrip.: Acid converted corn syrup
b.p. 230 F; pH 3.5; 71% solids, 42% min. CAS 8029-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4
fructose, 29% moisture Uses: Sweetener, flavoring agent, bodying
Storage: Store @ 80-90 F agent, moisture retention aid in
CornSweet® 55 [ADM Corn Processing pharmaceuticals and foods, candies, jams,
http://www.adm.org/naen/ahn/cornprocessi jellies, fountain and table syrups
ng.asp; MLG Enterprises] Properties: Water-wh. med. visc. liq., char. odor,
Chem. Descrip.: High fructose corn syrup sweet-bland taste; sp.gr. 1.4201 (100/60 F);
CAS 8029-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 dens. 11.84 lb/gal (100 F); visc. 1000 poises
Uses: Sweetener for carbonated drinks, still (80 F); pH 4.8; DE 42; Baumé 43 (100 F);
drinks, processed foods 80.7% total solids, 19.3% moisture
Properties: Water-wh. syrup, sweet taste; 62/43 Corn Syrup [MLG Enterprises]
odorless; sp.gr. 1.35; dens. 11.55 lb/gal; visc. Chem. Descrip.: Acid-enzyme converted corn
1200 cps (70 F); b.p. 230 F; pH 3.5; 77% syrup
solids, 55% min. fructose, 23% moisture CAS 8029-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4
Storage: Store @ 80-85 F for ease in pumping Uses: Sweetener for baked goods (bread,
and blending rolls), nougats, fondants, etc.
CornSweet® 95 [ADM Corn Processing Features: High proportion of fermentable
http://www.adm.org/naen/ahn/cornprocessi carbohydrates and increased sweetness
ng.asp; MLG Enterprises] Properties: Water-wh. syrup, char. odor, sweet
Chem. Descrip.: High fructose corn syrup taste; sp.gr. 1.4201 (100/60 F); dens. 11.84
Chem. Analysis: Moisture 23%; sulfated ash lb/gal (100 F); visc. 400 poises (80 F); pH 4.8
(1:1); DE 62; Baumé 43 (100 F); 82% total
Handbook of Flavors and Fragrances 53
Part I: Trade Name Reference
solids, 18% moisture 1300 poise (80 F); pH 4.8 (1:1); DE 62; Baume
Corn Syrup 36/43 [ADM Corn Processing 44 (100 F); 84% total solids, 16% moisture
http://www.adm.org/naen/ahn/cornprocessi Costaulon™ [PFW]
ng.asp] Chem. Descrip.: Ethyl butyl valerolactone
Chem. Descrip.: Corn syrup CAS 67770-79-0; EINECS/ELINCS 267-048-4
CAS 8029-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 Uses: Fragrance in alcohol, deodorant pump
Uses: Nutritive carbohydrate sweetener for spray, shampoo, cream rinse, hand cream,
ice cream, hard candies, cough drops bar soap, fabric softener, detergent powd.,
Properties: Dens. 11.84 lb/gal (100 F); visc. candles, joss sticks
1000 poise (80 F); pH 4.8 (1:1); DE 36; Baume Features: Fits well in chypre and fougere types
43 (100 F); 80.3% total solids, 19.7% moisture Properties: Almost colorless liq.; warm, intense,
Corn Syrup 42/43 [ADM Corn Processing fatty, animalic odor; sol. in 95% ethanol; sp.gr.
http://www.adm.org/naen/ahn/cornprocessi 0.976-0.986; ref. index 1.464-1.467; tenacity >
ng.asp] 2 wks. on blotter
Chem. Descrip.: Corn syrup Use Level: 0.1-0.5%
CAS 8029-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 Costausol™ [PFW]
Uses: Nutritive carbohydrate sweetener for Chem. Descrip.: 5-Butyl-5-ethyltetrahydro-2H-
candies, jams, jellies, fountain and table pyran-2-one and 2-Hydroxy-1,2,3-
syrups propanetricarboxylic acid, triethyl ester
Properties: Dens. 11.84 lb/gal (100 F); visc. See Ethyl butyl valerolactone; Triethyl
1000 poise (80 F); pH 4.8 (1:1); DE 42; Baume citrate
43 (100 F); 80.7% total solids, 19.3% moisture CAS 67770-79-0; 77-93-0
Corn Syrup 52/43 [ADM Corn Processing Uses: Fragrance in alcohol, deodorant pump
http://www.adm.org/naen/ahn/cornprocessi spray, shampoo, cream rinse, hand cream,
ng.asp] bar soap, fabric softener, liq. detergent
Chem. Descrip.: Corn syrup Properties: Cl. almost colorless liq.; warm,
CAS 8029-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 woody aninalic odor; sol. in 95% ethanol;
Uses: Nutritive carbohydrate sweetener for sp.gr. 1.113-1.123; flash pt. (CC) > 100 C; ref.
marshmallows, gum drops, nougats; sl. index 1.443-1.449; tenacity 2 wks. on blotter
sweeter than 42/43 Use Level: 3%-50%
Properties: Dens. 11.84 lb/gal (100 F); visc. 550 CP Glycerine [Procter & Gamble
poise (80 F); pH 4.8 (1:1); DE 52; Baume 43 http://pgchemicals.com]
(100 F); 81.2% total solids, 18.8% moisture Chem. Descrip.: 1,2,3-Propanetriol (99-100%)
Corn Syrup 62/43 [ADM Corn Processing See Glycerin
http://www.adm.org/naen/ahn/cornprocessi CAS 56-81-5; EINECS/ELINCS 200-289-5
ng.asp] Uses: Emulsifier, emollient, plasticizer,
Chem. Descrip.: Corn syrup humectant, sweetener, antifreeze in surface
CAS 8029-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 coatings, paints, cosmetics, drugs, food
Uses: Nutritive carbohydrate sweetener for products; intermediate for making glycerol
baked goods, nougats, fondants; sweeter derivatives
than 42/43 Regulatory: DOT/ADR/RID/IMDG/ICAO/IATA not
Properties: Dens. 11.84 lb/gal (100 F); visc. 400 regulated; Canada DSL; Japan; Australia;
poise (80 F); pH 4.8 (1:1); DE 62; Baume 43 Philippines; China; Korea
(100 F); 82% total solids, 18% moisture Properties: Water wh., cl. liq.; bland odor; sweet
Corn Syrup 62/44 [ADM Corn Processing taste; completely sol. in water; misc. with
ethanol; sl. sol. in acetone; insol. in ether,
http://www.adm.org/naen/ahn/cornprocessi
ng.asp] chloroform; sp.gr. 1.262; visc. ≈ 1300 mPa·s;
Chem. Descrip.: Corn syrup vapor pressure < 0.008 mm Hg; b.p. > 288 C;
flash pt. (PMCC) > 198.9 C; auto-ignition temp.
CAS 8029-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4
Uses: Nutritive carbohydrate sweetener for ≈ 400 C
baked goods, nougats, fondants Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 2 g/kg; may
Properties: Dens. 11.95 lb/gal (100 F); visc. cause mild, transient eye irritation; TSCA

Handbook of Flavors and Fragrances 54


Part I: Trade Name Reference
listed CPF™ [Degussa Flavors & Fruit Systems
Environmental: LC50 (goldfish, 24 h) > 5 g/l; USA http://www.flavors-fruit-systems.com]
LC0 (golden orfe, 48 h) > 250 mg/l; LC100 Uses: Cheese flavor
(rainbow trout, 96 h) 51-57 g/l; NOEC Features: Variety of flavor profiles available
(chilomonas paramecium, 48 h) > 10 g/l, C*PharmMannidex DC [Cerestar
(entosiphon sulcatum, 72 h) 3200 mg/l; http://www.cerestar.com]
biodeg. Uses: Binder, diluent in direct compression, wet
Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizers, and dry granulation, capsule and powd.
strong acids formulations; sweetening agent
Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Thermal reaction Features: Suitable for producing tablets with
may release acrolein direct compression; useful with moisture
Storage: Store in clean, tight containers to sensitive active ingreds.; exc. flowability
prevent moisture pickup from air; can be Cream Enhancer - 1, Natural [Natural
stored in aluminum, stainless steel, fiberglass Advantage http://www.natural-
or resin lined steel vessels advantage.net]
CP Glycerine Kosher [Procter & Gamble Uses: Flavor to impart sweetness and mouth-
http://pgchemicals.com] feel of cream
Chem. Descrip.: 1,2,3-Propanetriol (99-100%) Regulatory: GRAS; FDA 21CFR§172.510;
See Glycerin 21CFR§101.22; kosher
1

CAS 56-81-5; EINECS/ELINCS 200-289-5 Properties: Colorless to lt. yel., cl. liq.; faintly
Uses: Emulsifier, emollient, plasticizer, spicy taste; sol. in alcohol, PG, water
humectant, sweetener, antifreeze in surface Crestaflake [Croda Food Services Ltd
coatings, paints, cosmetics, drugs, food http://www.croda-foods.co.uk]
products; intermediate for making glycerol Chem. Descrip.: Specialty fat
derivatives Uses: Flavor enhancer, texturizer for pizza
Regulatory: DOT/ADR/RID/IMDG/ICAO/IATA not crust
regulated; Canada DSL; Japan; Australia; Features: For incorporation into dough before
Philippines; China; Korea baking
Properties: Water wh., cl. liq.; bland odor; sweet Properties: Flakes
taste; completely sol. in water; misc. with
Crill 3 [Croda Inc http://www.croda.com]
ethanol; sl. sol. in acetone; insol. in ether,
Chem. Descrip.: Sorbitan stearate
chloroform; sp.gr. 1.262; visc. ≈ 1300 mPa·s; CAS 1338-41-6; EINECS/ELINCS 215-664-9
vapor pressure < 0.008 mm Hg; b.p. > 288 C; Uses: Emulsifier, lubricant, antistat for cosmetic
flash pt. (PMCC) > 198.9 C; auto-ignition temp. and pharmaceutical creams/lotions, polishes,
≈ 400 C cleaners, insecticides, herbicides, metal
Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 2 g/kg; may cleaners, buffing compds., textile lubricants,
cause mild, transient eye irritation; TSCA foods, food pkg.; emulsifier in mfg. of food-
listed contact articles; emulsifier for shortenings;
Environmental: LC50 (goldfish, 24 h) > 5 g/l; controls crystallization and prevents fat bloom
LC0 (golden orfe, 48 h) > 250 mg/l; LC100 in chocolate and coatings; emulsion stabilizer
(rainbow trout, 96 h) 51-57 g/l; NOEC in coffee whiteners, whipped desserts; food
(chilomonas paramecium, 48 h) > 10 g/l, pkg. adhesives, coatings; defoamer in food-
(entosiphon sulcatum, 72 h) 3200 mg/l; contact paper; flavor adjuvant
biodeg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR§172.515, 172.836,
Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizers, 172.842, 173.340, 175.105, 175.320, 176.210,
strong acids 178.3400; 40CFR §180.1001(c)(e) exempt;
Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Thermal reaction EEC, UK clearance
may release acrolein Properties: Cream/yel. hard waxy solid; low
Storage: Store in clean, tight containers to odor; partially sol. in oleyl alcohol, olive oil,
prevent moisture pickup from air; can be oleic acid; insol. in water; m.p. 54 C; HLB 4.7;
stored in aluminum, stainless steel, fiberglass acid no. 5-10; sapon. no. 146-157; hyd. no.
or resin lined steel vessels 235-260; nonionic; 98% conc.
Use Level: 0.5-5%
Handbook of Flavors and Fragrances 55
Part I: Trade Name Reference
Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 31 g/kg; Use Level: 0.5-5%
nonirritating to eyes Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 38 g/kg;
Storage: Store under cool, dry conditions nonirritating to eyes
Crillet 1 HP [Croda Inc http://www.croda.com] Storage: Store under cool, dry conditions
Chem. Descrip.: Polysorbate 20 NF, EP Crillet 4 [Croda Inc http://www.croda.com;
CAS 9005-64-5 Croda Oleochems.]
Uses: Solubilizer, o/w emulsifier, stabilizer, Chem. Descrip.: Polysorbate 80 NF
dispersant, wetting agent in cosmetics, foods, CAS 9005-65-6
and food pkg., pharmaceuticals (topical, oral, Uses: Emulsifier, dispersant, solubilizer,
ophthalmic, parenteral prods.), adhesives; lubricant, detergent, antistat, wetting agent for
solubilizer in mouthwash; bulk pharmaceutical cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, polishes,
prod.; food pkg. adhesives; defoamer in food- cleaners, insecticides, leather degreasing,
contact paper/paperboard; emulsifier in mfg. of veterinary prods., food pkg., paints, inks,
food-contact articles; flavor adjuvant metalworking fluids, adhesives, plastics,
Features: High purity grade esp. for textiles, household prods., paper, oil slick
pharmaceuticals; often combined with a dispersants; food emulsifier; controls fat
member of the Crill range in emulsification agglomeration in ice cream; solubilizer
systems producing stable vitamin and essential oil
Regulatory: FDA 21CFR§172.515, 175.105, emulsions; flavor adjuvant
176.210, 178.3400; 40CFR §180.1001(c)(e) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR§172.515, 172.623,
exempt; EP compliance 172.840, 172.846, 173.340, 175.105, 176.210,
Properties: Yel. to amber cl. liq.; low odor; sol. in 178.3400; 40CFR §180.1001(c)(e) exempt;
water, ethyl alcohol, IPA, propylene glycol, EEC, UK clearance
oleyl alcohol, oleic acid; HLB 16.7; acid no. 2 Properties: Yel. amber cl. liq.; faint char. odor;
max.; sapon. no. 40-50; hyd. no. 96-108; sol. in water, ethyl, isopropyl, and oleyl
peroxide value 2 max.; surf. tens. 38.5 alcohols, oleic acid; HLB 15.0; acid no. 2 max.;
dynes/cm (0.1%); nonionic; ≤ 0.2% water sapon. no. 45-55; hyd. no. 65-80; pH 6-7 (5%);
Use Level: 1-10%; 0.01-3% (as wetting agent) surf. tens. 42.5 dynes/cm (0.1%); nonionic;
Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 30 g/kg; mild 97% conc.
skin irritant; nonirritating to eyes Use Level: 0.5-5%
Crillet 3 [Croda Inc http://www.croda.com] Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 38 g/kg;
Chem. Descrip.: Polysorbate 60 nonirritating to eyes
CAS 9005-67-8 Storage: Store under cool, dry conditions
Uses: O/w emulsifier for cosmetics, pharms.; Crisp Note, Natural [Natural Advantage
dispersant for insecticides, herbicides, cattle http://www.natural-advantage.net]
dyes; penetrant; leveling agent; lubricant; Uses: Flavor in savory prods.
antistat; food pkg.; plastics; polishes; cleaners; Regulatory: GRAS; FDA 21CFR§172.510;
textiles; adhesives; food emulsifier for icings; 21CFR§101.22; kosher
1

flavor adjuvant; starch/protein complexing Properties: Colorless to lt. yel. liq.; crisp fried
and aerating agent in cakes; emulsion chicken, bacon, beef fat taste; sol. in oil, PG,
stabilizer in calf starters, coffee whiteners, alcohol, fat
margarine; controls crystallization; reduces Crystal Gum™ [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food
palate cling in chocolate, coatings; defoamer in Prods. http://www.fooinnovation.com]
food-contact paper/paperboard Chem. Descrip.: Tapioca dextrin
Regulatory: FDA 21CFR§172.515, 172.836, Uses: Gellant, film-former for pan coating of
175.105, 176.210, 178.3400; 40CFR confections; glazing agent for cakes, donuts,
§180.1001(c)(e) exempt; EEC, UK clearance fruit, nuts, and candies; gum Arabic
Properties: Yel. liq. gels to soft solid on cooling; replacement in hard candies; fat dispersant,
sol. in ethyl, isopropyl, and oleyl alcohol, oleic butter flavor enhancer in butter sauces for
acid; partly sol. in water; HLB 14.9; acid no. 2 frozen vegetables
max.; sapon. no. 45-55; hyd. no. 81-96; pH 5-7 Features: Good clarity; resist. to cracking and
(5%); surf. tens. 42.5 dynes/cm (0.1%); chipping; nontacky
nonionic; 97% conc. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR§184.1277; DOT
Handbook of Flavors and Fragrances 56
Part I: Trade Name Reference
nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Culinox® 999 Chemical Grade Salt [Morton
Properties: Off-wh. to yel. powd.; starch odor; Salt http://www.mortonsalt.com]
bland flavor; disp. in cold water, but optimal Chem. Descrip.: Sodium chloride FCC
sol. @ 60-71 C; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH CAS 7647-14-5; EINECS/ELINCS 231-598-3
≈ 3.5 (1%); 7% moisture Uses: Salt used for continuous churn butter,
Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from margarine, mayonnaise, salad dressings,
dust particles; particulates may scratch eye cheddar, Swiss, or processed cheeses,
surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible peanut butter, baking, canning/pickling,
nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA confections, egg prods., meat/poultry; also
10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by for detergents, electrochem., personal care
skin contact; TSCA listed (soap mfg., liq. soap, shampoos, conditioners),
Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; textile dyeing, and water treatment applics.
minimize dust generation Features: High purity food-grade
Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Does not undergo Properties: Cubic crystals; 20-70 mesh range;
spontaneous decomp.; typ. combustion bulk dens. 1.12-1.28 g/ml (loose); pH 6-8 (5%
prods.: CO, CO2, N, water deionized water sol'n.); 99.95% min. NaCl
Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to Culinox® 999® Food Grade Salt [Morton Salt
static electricity http://www.mortonsalt.com]
C*Sorbidex C [Cerestar Chem. Descrip.: Sodium chloride FCC
http://www.cerestar.com] CAS 7647-14-5; EINECS/ELINCS 231-598-3
Chem. Descrip.: Sorbitol syrup Uses: Salt used for comminuted meats,
CAS 50-70-4; EINECS/ELINCS 200-061-5 baking, canning/pickling, cheese,
Uses: Humectant to extend shelf-life of foods, confections, egg. prods., meat/poultry,
chewing gum; sweetener in food margarine, spreads, peanut butter,
Features: Crystallizing props. mayonnaise, salad dressings; also for
Properties: Syrup detergents, electrochem., personal care, textile
C*Sorbidex NC [Cerestar dyeing, and water treatment
http://www.cerestar.com] Features: High purity food-grade; consistent
Chem. Descrip.: Sorbitol syrup saltiness intensity and stringent standards on
CAS 50-70-4; EINECS/ELINCS 200-061-5 visible, insol. extraneous material
Uses: Humectant to extend shelf-life of foods, Properties: Cubic crystals; 44-64% retained on
baked goods; sweetener for food, 50 mesh, 17-36% on 70 mesh; mean crystal
pharmaceuticals size 340 µm; mean surf. area 84 cm2/g; bulk
Features: Balanced blend of sorbitol and hydrog. dens. 1.2-1.27 g/ml (loose); 99.97% NaCl
oligosaccharides Custosense BERG [Custom Ingreds.
Properties: Syrup http://www.chembuyersguide.com/partners
C*Sorbidex P [Cerestar /customingredients.html]
http://www.cerestar.com] Chem. Descrip.: Bergamot oil See Bergamot
Chem. Descrip.: Crystalline sorbitol (Citrus aurantium bergamia) oil
CAS 50-70-4; EINECS/ELINCS 200-061-5 CAS 8007-75-8
Uses: Humectant to extend shelf-life of foods; Uses: Botanical in massage and skin
humectant, cooling agent in chewing gum; oils/lotions, bath prods., suntan lotions,
sweetener for food, pharmaceuticals toiletries
Properties: Powd. Custosense Cedar [Custom Ingreds.
C*Sorbidex S [Cerestar http://www.chembuyersguide.com/partners
http://www.cerestar.com] /customingredients.html]
Chem. Descrip.: Crystalline sorbitol Chem. Descrip.: Cedarwood oil
CAS 50-70-4; EINECS/ELINCS 200-061-5 Uses: Fragrance in soaps, aromatherapy,
Uses: Humectant to extend shelf-life of foods, cosmetics; in insect repellents
surimi, tablets; sweetener for food,
pharmaceuticals
Properties: Powd.

Handbook of Flavors and Fragrances 57


Part I: Trade Name Reference
Custosense Euc [Custom Ingreds. pharmaceuticals, fragrances; synthetic
http://www.chembuyersguide.com/partners flavoring agent in food, pharmaceuticals
/customingredients.html] Custosense PM [Custom Ingreds.
Chem. Descrip.: Eucalyptol http://www.chembuyersguide.com/partners
Uses: Cooling agent in hair preps., topical heat /customingredients.html]
rubs; fragrance in perfumes Chem. Descrip.: Peppermint oil See
Custosense Ginger [Custom Ingreds. Peppermint (Mentha piperita) oil
http://www.chembuyersguide.com/partners CAS 8006-90-4
/customingredients.html] Uses: Analgesic, anti-inflammatory, flavoring
Chem. Descrip.: Ginger oil See Ginger agent, fragrance in cosmetics
(Zingiber officinale) oil Custosense Rosemary [Custom Ingreds.
CAS 8007-08-7 http://www.chembuyersguide.com/partners
Uses: Fragrance in cosmetics; natural /customingredients.html]
flavoring agent in food, pharmaceuticals Chem. Descrip.: Rosemary oil See Rosemary
Custosense LAV [Custom Ingreds. (Rosmarinus officinalis) oil
http://www.chembuyersguide.com/partners CAS 8000-25-7
/customingredients.html] Uses: Fragrance in massage and skin
Chem. Descrip.: Lavender oil oils/lotions, bath prods., hair care, soaps;
CAS 8000-28-0 natural flavoring agent in food,
Uses: Soothing agent, calming agent, analgesic pharmaceuticals
in cosmetics, aromatherapy; as insect Custosense Sage [Custom Ingreds.
repellent; natural flavoring agent in food http://www.chembuyersguide.com/partners
Custosense Lemon [Custom Ingreds. /customingredients.html]
http://www.chembuyersguide.com/partners Chem. Descrip.: Sage oil See Sage (Salvia
/customingredients.html] officinalis) oil
Chem. Descrip.: Lemon fragrance CAS 8016-64-6
Uses: Fragrance in soaps, detergents Uses: Fragrance in massage and skin
Custosense Lemon-QA [Custom Ingreds. oils/lotions, bath prods., soaps; natural
http://www.chembuyersguide.com/partners flavoring agent in food, pharmaceuticals
/customingredients.html] Custosense Sandalwood [Custom Ingreds.
Chem. Descrip.: Lemon fragrance http://www.chembuyersguide.com/partners
Uses: Fragrance in soaps, detergents /customingredients.html]
Features: Quat-stable Chem. Descrip.: Sandalwood oil See
Custosense Menthol [Custom Ingreds. Sandalwood (Santalum album) oil
http://www.chembuyersguide.com/partners CAS 8006-87-9
/customingredients.html] Uses: Fragrance in soaps, cosmetics,
Chem. Descrip.: Menthol crystals incense; natural flavoring agent in food,
Uses: Freshening agent, cooling agent for pharmaceuticals
soaps, toothpaste, detergents, and cosmetics; Features: Woody fragrance
synthetic flavoring agent, fragrance in food, Custosense Thyme [Custom Ingreds.
pharmaceuticals http://www.chembuyersguide.com/partners
Custosense Mint [Custom Ingreds. /customingredients.html]
http://www.chembuyersguide.com/partners Chem. Descrip.: Thyme oil See Thyme
/customingredients.html] (Thymus vulgaris)
Chem. Descrip.: Mint fragrance CAS 8007-46-3
Uses: Fragrance in soaps, detergents Uses: Fragrance in mouthwash, lozenges;
Custosense MS [Custom Ingreds. natural flavoring agent in food,
http://www.chembuyersguide.com/partners pharmaceuticals
/customingredients.html] Features: Spicy herbaceous fragrance
Chem. Descrip.: Methyl salicylate component contg. thymol and carvacrol
CAS 119-36-8; EINECS/ELINCS 204-317-7 Custosense Ylang-Ylang [Custom Ingreds.
Uses: Soothing agent in cosmetics, http://www.chembuyersguide.com/partners
Handbook of Flavors and Fragrances 58
Part I: Trade Name Reference
/customingredients.html] Cyclemone A [Int'l. Flavors & Fragrances US
Chem. Descrip.: Ylang-ylang oil See Ylang http://www.iff.com]
ylang (Cananga odorata) oil Chem. Descrip.: 2-
Uses: Fragrance in soaps, cosmetics, Naphthaldehyde,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8-octahydro-
perfumes; natural flavoring agent in food, 8,8-dimethyl
pharmaceuticals CAS 68991-97-9; EINECS/ELINCS 273-661-8
Features: Sweet balsamic fragrance Uses: Fragrance in alcoholic lotions,
C*Xylidex [Cerestar http://www.cerestar.com] antiperspirant, detergent perborate,
Chem. Descrip.: Xylitol detergent TAED, fabric softener, shampoo,
CAS 87-99-0; EINECS/ELINCS 201-788-0 soap
Uses: Sweetener, cooling agent in chewing Properties: Cl., colorless to pale yel. liq.; ozone,
gum fruity, herbal, woody odor; m.w. 192; sp.gr.
Properties: Crystalline powd. 0.986-0.991; flash pt. (CC) 94 C; ref. index;
Cyclabute [Int'l. Flavors & Fragrances US 1.502-1.508
http://www.iff.com] Use Level: < 5%
Chem. Descrip.: Tricyclo decenyl isobutyrate Cyclodithalfarol-705 [Int'l. Flavors &
CAS 67634-20-2; EINECS/ELINCS 266-825-5 Fragrances US http://www.iff.com]
Uses: Fragrance in acid cleaner liq., alcoholic Chem. Descrip.: 1,4-Dithiane-2,5-diol,2,5-
lotions, antiperspirant, deodorant sticks, dimethyl See 1-Mercaptopropanone
detergent perborate, detergent TAED, fabric CAS 55704-78-4
softener, shampoo, soap Uses: Flavor
Properties: Cl., colorless to pale yel. liq.; fruity, Features: Kosher parve
herbal, sweet, balsamic odor; m.w. 220; sp.gr. Properties: Cl. wh. to gray crystals; chicken,
1.022-1.030; flash pt. (CC) > 100 C; ref. index; onion odor; sol. in oil, alcohol; m.p. 53 C; flash
1.482-1.487 pt. (CC) 145 F
Use Level: < 10% Storage: 3 mos.
Cyclacet® [Int'l. Flavors & Fragrances US Cyclogalbaniff™ [Int'l. Flavors & Fragrances
http://www.iff.com] US http://www.iff.com]
Chem. Descrip.: Tricyclo decenyl acetate Chem. Descrip.: Acetic acid, (cyclohexyloxy)-,
CAS 54830-99-8; EINECS/ELINCS 259-367-2 2-propenyl ester
Uses: Fragrance in alcoholic lotions, CAS 68901-15-5; EINECS/ELINCS 272-657-3
antiperspirant, deodorant sticks, fabric Uses: Fragrance in alcoholic lotions,
softener, hard surface cleaner, shampoo, antiperspirant, deodorant sticks, detergent
soap perborate, fabric softener, hard surface
Properties: Cl., colorless liq.; fruity, green, cleaner, shampoo, soap
woody odor; m.w. 192; sp.gr. 1.071-1.076; Properties: Cl., colorless liq.; green, galbanum,
flash pt. (CC) 94 C; ref. index; 1.494-1.497 fruity, pineapple odor; m.w. 198; sp.gr. 1.012-
Use Level: < 5% 1.020; flash pt. (CC) > 100 C; ref. index; 1.460-
Cyclaprop® [Int'l. Flavors & Fragrances US 1.464
http://www.iff.com] Use Level: < 2%
Chem. Descrip.: Tricyclo decenyl propionate Cyclonyral® [PFW]
CAS 17511-60-3; EINECS/ELINCS 241-514-7 Chem. Descrip.: Octahydro-8,8-
Uses: Fragrance in alcoholic lotions, dimethylnaphthalene-2-carbaldehyde and
antiperspirant, deodorant sticks, detergent Octahydro-5,5-dimethyl-2-
perborate, detergent TAED, fabric softener, naphthalenecarbaldehyde See Octahydro-
shampoo, soap 5,5-dimethylnaphthalene-2-carbaldehyde
Properties: Cl., colorless liq.; fruity, herbal, CAS 68738-94-3; 68738-96-5
woody odor; m.w. 206; sp.gr. 1.050-1.054; Uses: Fragrance in deodorant pump spray,
flash pt. (CC) 94 C; ref. index; 1.490-1.493 shampoo, cream rinse, hand cream, bar
Use Level: < 10% soap, fabric softener, liq. detergent,
detergent powd., liq. bleach, candles, air
fresheners, joss sticks

Handbook of Flavors and Fragrances 59


Part I: Trade Name Reference
Features: Good citrus booster; exc. for creating cramping, nausea, diarrhea
ozone and transparent notes Environmental: Environmental damage is not
Properties: Almost colorless to pale yel. liq.; anticipated under normal conditions of use
extremely powerful, fresh, clean, ozone, green Precaution: Dust may form explosive mixt. in
odor; sol. in 95% ethanol; sp.gr. 0.984-0.994; air; avoid strong oxidizers, heat, moisture
flash pt. (CC) > 100 C; ref. index 1.501-1.507; Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Under fire
tenacity > 2 wks. on blotter conditions or thermal decomp., may emit
D-Xylose CL [Danisco Sweeteners toxic fumes of CO, CO2; none formed on
http://www.daniscosweeteners.com] contact with water
Chem. Descrip.: D-Xylose See D(+)-Xylose Storage: 1 yr. shelf life when stored in original
CAS 58-86-6; EINECS/ELINCS 200-400-7 sealed pkg. below 25 C and < 65% r.h.;
Uses: Sweetener for foods marginally hygroscopic
Features: Stable to heat and air; nonflamm. D-Xylose CTR [Danisco Sweeteners
Regulatory: DOT nonhazardous; FEMA GRAS http://www.daniscosweeteners.com]
Properties: Off-wh. to wh. fine cryst. powd.; Chem. Descrip.: D-Xylose See D(+)-Xylose
odorless; sweet taste, no discernible CAS 58-86-6; EINECS/ELINCS 200-400-7
aftertaste; very sol. in water (≈ 117 g/100 ml @ Uses: Sweetener for foods
20 C); m.w. 150.13; dens. 1.52 g/ml (20 C); Features: Stable to heat and air; nonflamm.
m.p. 156-158 C; pH 3-6 (10%); 98.5-101% Regulatory: DOT nonhazardous; FEMA GRAS
assay; 0.5% max. moisture Properties: Off-wh. to wh. fine cryst. powd.;
Toxicology: May cause skin/eye irritation; odorless; sweet taste, no discernible
prolonged inh. (nuisance particle) may cause aftertaste; very sol. in water (≈ 117 g/100 ml @
respiratory irritation, sneezing, coughing; 20 C); m.w. 150.13; dens. 1.52 g/ml (20 C);
ing. may cause intestinal bloating, m.p. 156-158 C; pH 3-6 (10%); 98.5-101%
cramping, nausea, diarrhea assay; 0.5% max. moisture
Environmental: Environmental damage is not Toxicology: May cause skin/eye irritation;
anticipated under normal conditions of use prolonged inh. (nuisance particle) may cause
Precaution: Dust may form explosive mixt. in respiratory irritation, sneezing, coughing;
air; avoid strong oxidizers, heat, moisture ing. may cause intestinal bloating,
Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Under fire cramping, nausea, diarrhea
conditions or thermal decomp., may emit Environmental: Environmental damage is not
toxic fumes of CO, CO2; none formed on anticipated under normal conditions of use
contact with water Precaution: Dust may form explosive mixt. in
Storage: 1 yr. shelf life when stored in original air; avoid strong oxidizers, heat, moisture
sealed pkg. below 25 C and < 65% r.h.; Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Under fire
marginally hygroscopic conditions or thermal decomp., may emit
D-Xylose CT [Danisco Sweeteners toxic fumes of CO, CO2; none formed on
http://www.daniscosweeteners.com] contact with water
Chem. Descrip.: D-Xylose See D(+)-Xylose Storage: 1 yr. shelf life when stored in original
CAS 58-86-6; EINECS/ELINCS 200-400-7 sealed pkg. below 25 C and < 65% r.h.;
Uses: Sweetener for foods marginally hygroscopic
Features: Stable to heat and air; nonflamm. DC11 [Catahy Biotech.
Regulatory: DOT nonhazardous; FEMA GRAS http://www.cathaybiotech.com]
Properties: Off-wh. to wh. fine cryst. powd.; Chem. Descrip.: Undecanedioic acid (97%)
odorless; sweet taste, no discernible CAS 1852-04-6; EINECS/ELINCS 211-440-6
aftertaste; very sol. in water (≈ 117 g/100 ml @ Uses: Used in the synthesis of macrocyclics
20 C); m.w. 150.13; dens. 1.52 g/ml (20 C); fragrances, corrosion inhibitors, plasticizers,
m.p. 156-158 C; pH 3-6 (10%); 98.5-101% high class lubricants, polyamide resins, hot
assay; 0.5% max. moisture melt adhesives
Toxicology: May cause skin/eye irritation; Regulatory: SARA §311/312 Acute Health
prolonged inh. (nuisance particle) may cause Hazard; Canada D2B
respiratory irritation, sneezing, coughing; Properties: Wh. powd.; odorless; m.w. 216.28;
ing. may cause intestinal bloating, m.p. 108-110 C
Handbook of Flavors and Fragrances 60

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