Kidapawan City National High School

Senior High School Program

Self-Learning Module in Understanding Culture, Society and Politics

Quarter 1/ Midterm Period/ Week 2 (September _______, 2020)
Name:_________________________________________ GRADE & SECTION:________________
Subject Teacher:_________________________________ LRN:_____________ Score: _________
I. OBJECTIVE
Analyze the concept, aspects and changes in/of culture and society (UCSP11/12SPUIb-3,
UCSP11/12SPUIb-4, UCSP11/12SPUIb-5)
II. SUBJECT MATTER
STARTING POINTS FOR THE UNDERTSTANDING OF CULTURE, SOCIETY, AND POLITICS
Lesson 1.2
A. Observations on social, political, and cultural change (examples: texting , transnational families, local
public services, youth volunteerism)
B. Definition of anthropology, political science, and sociology
III. LEARNING RESOURCES:
References 1. Teacher’s Guide Page/s:___ 2. Learner’s Materials Pages: _____ 3. Textbook Pages:_____ 4.
Additional Materials from Learning Resources (LR) portals:_____
BOOKS • Textbook – UCSP by Ederlina D. Balena, Dolores M. Lucero, Arnel M. Peralta of Educational
Resources Corporation
• Curriculum Guide/Learning Materials
• Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELCs Guide)
• Media at Internet Sources/Powerpoints
Other Learning TEXTBOOKS, HANDOUTS, MODULES, Smartphone, Laptop, Wifi Broadband
Resources

IV. Procedure/Learning Activities:

V.
What I know?
Activity 1 Direction: Study the figure below about your understanding of the basic concepts of anthropology
and its relation to culture.

Rubrics: For Essay

CRITERIA POINTS
Comprehensive/Analytical Essay (Outstanding content, full of information, clear and focused, 5
and neatly presented
Well written/includes some analysis (Strong content, clear and focused, and neatly 4
presented.
Well written but lacks analysis (Adequate content, somewhat clear and focused, and neatly 3
presented.
Weak essay / lack organization / no analysis (limited content, somewhat unclear but has a 2
discemible focused.

Process Questions
1. What are the objects of anthropological study?
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Kidapawan City National High School Isidro Jr. B. Andea, Jennelyn C. Clarito,
Office Address: Roxas St., Poblacion, Kidapawan City, North Cotabato, Philippines Amelita P. Estimo, & Marilyn B. Tugnao
Telephone Number: (064)521-0435, E-mail Address: ilovekcnhs@yahoo.com Grade 11 & 12 Understanding Culture, Society & Politics
 2. What perspective does anthropology offer to the study of culture and society?
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3. Why is it important to know the similarity and diversity of cultures and
societies?
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What’s In?
Activity 2 In this activity you should be able to identify different thinkers who gave
perspectives about politics. Whose idea of politics is the following? Write your answer on
the space provided before the number.

Aristotle David Easton Robert Dahl

Bernard Crick Michael Oakeshott

_________1. A human being is a political animal.

_________2. Politics is the authoritative allocation of values in a society.
_________3. Politics refers to any activity involving human beings associated
together in relationship of power and authority where conflict occurs.
_________4. Politics is a way of ruling in divided societies without violence.
_________5. Politics is reserved for statesmen and stateswomen.

What’s New?
Activity 1 Directions: Directions: Write the causes and consequences of social change with special focus on
the premise of political scenario creates economic scenario and vice versa.

SOCIAL CHANGE
CAUSES CONSEQUENCES

Activity 2 Each person interacts meaningfully with one another as a member of society. Culture encompasses
the meaningful processes and products of these social interactions. People interact in society as individuals and
as groups with duties and privileges. In the exercise of duties and privileges, a person as a member of society
engages in political activities. Use the diagram to show how a person experiences culture, society, and politics
in your everyday life.

SOCIETY
POLITICS

PERSON

CULTURE

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 Process Questions
1. How are culture, society, and politics interrelated with one another?
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2. Explain your observation on the behavior and phenomenon as social realities.
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3. How can we improve our awareness on the social, cultural and political changes using the
activity?
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Note: Use the rubrics for essay. Refer to activity 1
What is it?
Culture and Society as Anthropological and Sociological Concepts
Culture is a composite of multifarious areas that comprise beliefs, practices, values, attitudes, laws, norms,
artifacts, symbols, knowledge, and everything that a person learns and shares as a member of society. Therefore,
culture is:

A product of human interaction

A social heritage that is complex and socially transmitted

Provides socially acceptable patterns for meeting biological and social needs.

A distinguishing factor

An established pattern of behavior

Cumulative

Meaningful to human beings

Types of Culture

Culture is composed of material and non-material elements. Material culture consist of tangible things whereas
nonmaterial elements consist of intangible things. (Banaag, 2012p.48)
Technological
Ideas
tools

Behavior, Non- Language Material Architectural

gesture & material and culture Structure
Food
habits culture Symbols

Religion 9 Fashion
 What’s more
Key concepts of socialization - Another term for socialization is enculturation.
Socialization is the lifelong social experience by which people develop their human potential and learn culture. Unlike other
living species, whose behavior is mostly or entirely set by biology, humans need social experience to learn their culture and to
survive. Social experience is also the foundation of personality, a person’s fairly consistent patterns of acting, thinking and
feeling (Macionis 2012: 102). There are many theories on how the self, as a product of socialization, is formed. We will
examine the work of four researchers: Sigmund Freud, Charles Cooley, George Herbert Mead, and Jean Piaget (Macionis
2012: 104–108).
Freud’s model of personality. Sigmund Freud (1856–1939) combined basic needs and the influence of society into a model
of personality with three parts: id, ego, and superego. The id represents the human being’s basic drives, or biological
and physical needs which are unconscious and demand immediate satisfaction. In the human personality, the superego refers
to the cultural values and norms internalized by an individual. Society, through its values and norms, opposes the self-centered
id. The ego is, thus, a person’s conscious efforts to balance innate pleasure-seeking drives (id) with the demands of society
(superego).
Piaget’s theory of cognitive development. From his studies of human cognition, or how people think and understand. Jean
Piaget (1896–1980) identified four stages of cognitive development.Stage one is the sensorimotor stage (first two years of life),
the level of human development at which individuals know the world only through the five senses. Stage two is the
preoperational stage (about age two to seven) at which individuals first use language and other symbols. Stage three is
concrete operational stage (between the ages of seven and eleven) at which individuals first see causal connections in their
surroundings. The last stage is the formal operational stage (about age twelve) at which individuals think abstractly and
critically.
Cooley’s Looking-glass Self. Charles Horton Cooley (1864–1929) used the phrase looking-glass self to mean a self-image
based on how we think others see us. As we interact with others, the people around us become a mirror (an object that people
used to call a “looking glass”) in which we can see ourselves. What we think of ourselves, then, depends on how we think
others see us. For example, if we think others see us as clever, we will think of ourselves in the same way. But if we feel they
think of us as clumsy, then that is how we will see ourselves.
Mead’s theory of the social self. George Herbert Mead (1863–1931) For Mead, the self is a part of our personality and
includes self-awareness and self-image. It is the product of social experience, and is not guided by biological drives (see
Freud) or biological maturation (see Piaget). According to Mead, the key to developing the self is learning to take the role of the
other. Infants can do this only through imitation and, without understanding underlying intentions, have no self. As children
learn to use language and other symbols, the self emerges in the form of play. Play involves assuming roles modeled on
significant others, or people, such as parents, who have special importance for socialization. Then, children learn to take the
roles of several others at once, and move from simple play with one other to complex games involving many others.
The final stage in the development of the self is when children are able to not only take the role of specific people in just one
situation, but that of many others in different situations. Mead used the term generalized other to refer to widespread cultural
norms and values we use as references in evaluating ourselves.

Agents of socialization
Several settings have special importance in the socialization process. These include the family, school, peer group, and the
mass media. The family, usually the first setting of socialization, has the greatest impact on attitudes and behavior. Schools
teach knowledge and skills needed for later life, and expose children to greater social diversity. The peer group takes on great
importance during adolescence. The mass media have a huge impact on socialization in modern societies.
Values, norms, status, and roles Gender role socialization
Socialization is also defined as the process of preparing
members for membership in a given group in society. Through Sex refers to the biological characteristics distinguishing
socialization, individuals learn the norms and values of their male and female (Macionis
society. Values are culturally defined standards that people use 2012: 169). Sex is based on chromosomes, anatomy,
to decide what is desirable, good, and beautiful and that serve hormones, reproductive systems, and other physiological
as broad guidelines for social living. Norms are the rules and components.
expectations by which a society guides the behavior of its
members. Gender refers to those social, cultural, and psychological
traits linked to males and females through particular social
Socialization prepares individuals to occupy statuses and roles contexts. Sex makes us male or female; gender makes us
(Macionis 2012: 127–128). Status refers a social position that a masculine or feminine. All the major agents of
person holds. An ascribed status is a social position a person socialization—family, peer groups, schools, and the mass
receives at birth or takes on involuntarily later in life. Examples media—reinforce cultural definitions of what is feminine
of ascribed statuses include being a daughter, a Filipino, a and masculine. (Dionisio 1992: 1-2; Macionis 2012: 170).
teenager, or a widower. Achieved status refers to a social
position a person takes on voluntarily that reflects personal
ability and effort. Achieved statuses include honors student,
athlete, nurse, software writer, and thief. Role refers to behavior
expected of someone who holds a particular status.
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 What I have learned?
Guide questions:
1. Why is culture important in our society?
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2. How would you differentiate culture and society as anthropological and sociological concepts?
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Note: Rubrics for essay. Refer to the previous activities.
V. ASSESSMENT Analyze the concept, aspects and changes in/of culture and society.
(UCSP11/12SPU-Ib-3, UCSP11/12SPUIb-4, UCSP11/12SPUIb-5)
A. Choose the correct answer and write the letter of the correct answer on the space provided before the number.
_______1. Culture is composed of material and non-material elements. Material culture consist of tangible things
whereas nonmaterial elements consist of intangible things. Which of the following does not belong to non-material
culture?
a. language and symbols b. behavior, gesture and habit c. ideas and religion d. architectural structure
_______2. It refers to a composite of multifarious areas like beliefs, practices, laws, norms, symbols, and everything.
a. Society b. politics c. culture d. socialization
_______3. There are many theories on how the self, as a product of socialization, is formed. Socialization is the lifelong
social experience by which people develop their human potential and learn culture. Which of the following proponent
defined self as a part of our personality and includes self-awareness and self-image?
a. Freud’s model of personality b. Piaget’s theory of cognitive development
c. Cooley’s Looking-glass Self d. Mead’s theory of the social self
_______4. They are called “agents of socialization except.
a. Family b. School c. Social Media d. Wi-fi
_______5. Each person interacts meaningfully with one another as a member of society. Culture encompasses the
meaningful processes and products of these social interactions. People interact in society as individuals and as groups
with duties and privileges. In the exercise of duties and privileges, a person as a member of society engages in political
activities. Which of the following defined as the process of preparing members for membership in a given group in
society?
a. Inculturation b. Socialization c. Society d. diversity

B. Sentence-completion. Complete the phrase/s to summarize the lesson.

1. The lesson was about …… ______________________________.
2. The key idea was ……… ________________________________.
3. This is important to me because ……… _____________________.
4. Another key idea was ……………. _________________________.
5. This matters to because………….. _________________________.

C. Essay. Answer the question briefly (5 points).

1. Is there such as superior and inferior culture and society? Explain.
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2. How is culture and behavior related

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Criteria: Content - 2 points , Organization – 1 point, Style/Structure – 1 point, Mechanics/Grammar – 1 point

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 VI. Agreement /Enrichment:

A. In some parts of Europe and America, same sex marriage is considered as legal. Explain in your
own words the applicability of same sex marriage in the Philippines.

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Sample Rubrics for Essay

CRITERIA POINTS
Comprehensive/Analytical Essay (Outstanding content, full of information, clear and focused, 5
and neatly presented
Well written/includes some analysis (Strong content, clear and focused, and neatly 4
presented.
Well written but lacks analysis (Adequate content, somewhat clear and focused, and neatly 3
presented.
Weak essay / lack organization / no analysis (limited content, somewhat unclear but has a 2
discemible focused.

Noted By: ________________________________________

Name and Signature of Parent/Guardian
Date: __________________________

Answer Key
Answer key:
What’ s In? Activity

1. Aristotle

4. Bernard

5. Michael
Oakeshott
3. Robert
2. David
Easton

Crick
Dahl
2

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Understanding Culture, Society, and Politics

Answer key for evaluation

Part A Multiple Choice

Answer key:
1. D
2. C
3. D
4. D
5. B

Part B Sentence Completion

Answer may vary

Part C Essay

Answer may vary

Criteria:
Content – 2 points ,
Organization – 1 point,
Style/Structure – 1 point, Mechanics/Grammar
– 1 point
Total = 5 points

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