Vijeta Magazine by Nimisha Mam (31 JANUARY 2023)

4
Use Code NIMISHA for maximum Discount
For any query call or whatsapp 9953592800

5
Preface
Dear students,
English Language plays a very significant role in banking and other
competitive exams. This section is also a major deciding factor in your
success in every leg of your examination. The English section can be
tremendously scoring if one handles this section with all his dedication,
attention and care.
One of the key factors in attaining success in any field is the age old
concept of ―practice makes a man perfect.‖ Although some people might
have an innate knack for a particular subject or skill, the truth is mastery
takes time, repetition and pushing oneself out of his/her comfort zone –
there is no shortcut!
Now, in the case of major banking and insurance exams, adequate and
appropriate practice materials aren't easily available. The contents you'll
rely on for the sake of practising must be exam-specific and relevant. So,
I've come up with ''Vijeta''(that translates to 'success finder') - a free-to-all
biweekly magazine for the English language that targets all the major
banking and insurance exams throughout the country.
Every question in this magazine has been framed with utmost care and
attention keeping in mind that millions of you will be highly benefitted.
All the different patterns of questions from this section that appear in the
exams have been furnished in a very organized manner.
You'll only need to carry on practising consistently, as steady and

consistent practice yields steady and consistent results.
Your invaluable suggestions are heartily welcome, as we believe in

relentless improvement.

6
ABOUT NIMISHA BANSAL
Nimisha Bansal is one of India's most eminent educators of English

language for Banking, Insurance and other government
examinations with over 300k followers on Unacademy. Her motto is to
make English an easy and accessible language for everyone. She also
has a very popular YouTube channel named 'Nimisha Bansal' with a
subscription base of more than half-a-million.
She is not only a highly-competent pedagog, but also a wonderful

motivator. She always promotes enthusiasm for giving your best.
She is also a prominent author of some very successful books for
the English language for various competitive exams. Some of her
top-selling books are Vocab Prodigy, 120 Rules of Grammar,
Descriptive Book and Perfection Book.
These books have been highly praised and are immensely beneficial
for the aspirants.
Thousands of students from her batches like Perfection Batch,
Achievers' series and Editorial Analysis have been selected in
various exams like SBI PO and Clerk, IBPS/RRB PO and Clerk and
RBI Assistant.
Nimisha Bansal also carries out many free classes on a regular
basis.
She has dedicated her life to the field of education and has coached lakhs
of students countrywide. She takes free classes regularly on both
Unacademy and her YouTube channel and has garnered millions of
views on her videos. With a willing heart to provide the best education to
her students, Nimisha Bansal has proudly helped thousands of students
achieve their dream jobs every year. Many of her students are currently
working in various public sector banks and government organizations.

7
She believes education should not be limited to the youth but to anyone
who shares the love of learning.
A Note to my champions
Dear students,
Getting a government job isn't a child's play nowadays. One must go

through a stiff competitive situation, recurrent stresses and lack of
confidence on several occasions. It's not at all 'a bed of roses'.
But success is no accident. It is consistent hard work, perseverance,
learning, studying and sacrifice.
So, how can goals be accomplished?

What are the main qualities you need to inculcate to be successful?
First, you need to keep in mind that there are four most important
mantras for success.
Patience, Perseverance, Practice and Planning.
It is important to be patient and keep going to reach your goals. Once we
learn the importance of patience, we can stop worrying when things take
longer than we would like.
Progress occurs by trying, understanding what works and what does not
work, course-correcting, and trying again.
Success comes to those who continue to make efforts to achieve
something in their lives, which is what perseverance is all about.
Planning can be defined as ―thinking in advance what is to be done,
when it is to be done, how it is to be done and by whom it should be
done‖. In simple words we can say, planning bridges the gap between
where we are standing today and where we want to reach.

8
Second, target every exam as it's the easiest exam. It's not your
overconfidence. It's your self-assurance or confidence. Confidence is
believing in yourself, feeling comfortable in your true self, knowing you
have everything required to succeed.
By this positive mindset, you'll not be overwhelmed by the fear of losing.
Third, enjoy the journey. It's a healthy way to maintain balance between
doing and being, between producing results and going through the
required processes. Don't become too burdened with all your anxieties,
doubts and uncertainties.
There will be stress, doubts, fears but you will have to constantly remind
yourself that you can do it and you will do it.
Fourth, it is so important to realize the magnitude of introspection.
The ability to examine, explore and get intimate with your inner conscious
and feelings allows you to take responsibility for your growth.
By looking into and reviewing your own thoughts and the actions attached
to them, you get to know yourself - your strengths, your weaknesses.
Once you have understood these aspects, you can start working on them.
We are wired to move toward things that make us feel good and away
from things that make us feel uncomfortable. Our brains tag effort as bad
because it‘s hard work.
But hard actions can have tremendous benefits — ones that may not be
visible for some time.
We can accomplish hard things by practicing the habits of a growth
mindset.
Challenges and problems are important parts of life that give you
experiences; make you learn and help you become stronger. Problems
make us grow and shape us. The biggest problem people have is that
they hope for a life without problems.

9
Therefore, preparing yourself for the hardest challenges will certainly help
you achieve success more efficiently.
Finally, the temptation to give up is a common one, and nobody is

exempt. Failure isn't something many of us can handle gracefully. And
even though we know it's a common human condition, we're somehow
always surprised when it happens to us.
But, when you want to give up, remind yourself that loss of hope is
temporary. It might just compel you to pick yourself up and move forward.
Use failures as your motivations. Failure isn‘t the end of a journey, instead
it is just an experience you have while on your way to success.
Wishing you the best for every step in your journey. Go and conquer your
dreams.
I am always there for you, and I know that my champions can never give
up
With love and lots of blessings

Nimisha Bansal

10
TOPPER‟S TALK
Ishika Saini (SBI PO 2021-2022)
1. Congratulations on your success. I'm very happy for you and I‟m
proud of you. What was the reaction of your parents and you when
you saw the result?
ISHIKA SAINI : Thank You so much mam! It was really unexpected,

there were tears of happiness in my eyes. When I saw the result I couldn't
believe it was real. The feeling cannot be expressed. My parents are
really proud of me. I cleared it in the 1st attempt. I had been preparing
since October, 2020 but I joined your perfection batch in May.
2. Tell me more about your goals, strategies and how did you
prepare?
ISHIKA SAINI : I mainly focused on the things I had command on like

English then I tried to clear my mathematics concepts and reasoning.
The biggest factor that helped me were the mocks tests, I improved my
speed of solving questions by giving mock tests.
3. How important and instrumental have Nimisha ma'am's various

batches been in your preparation for the banking exams? How will
you consider her guidance and contributions?

11
A: I've been to many English classes on many platforms so far. But the
kind of ambience she creates in her classes has been unmatchable. Her
flagship batch - Perfection Batch has been enormously helpful for me and
thousands like me, who always used to think that English is the hardest
section. When I started attending her classes, I realized that solving only
the easy and simple questions would not yield any positive result. The
level of her questions in the Perfection Batch is so advanced that I
experienced a different dimension of learning. I acquired a great deal of
knowledge. My reading skill was improved to a great extent.
I'm also a regular attendee of her other free classes and editorial analysis
classes. These also have big contributions to my preparation.
Apart from her wonderful teaching ability, her warm gestures and constant
motivation are the things, I'm forever indebted to.
4. Many students ask me about their doubts about the examinations,
like is reading enough for English?
ISHIKA SAINI : I don't think only reading can improve the language, you
have to solve questions to improve the same. Reading editorials does
help but only reading them isn't enough. I really enjoyed attending the
perfection batch and it helped me a lot and improved my weak links.
5. How was your interview? Were you nervous enough to face the
interviewers?
ISHIKA SAINI : I was nervous till I was outside the door waiting for my
turn. As soon as I got inside, I thought the interviewers were also human.
They won‘t do anything if I answer wrong, so my nervousness flew away.
My interview was mostly situation based; it wasn't very much about
banking. I remember they asked me about the difference between SBI
and PNB. In which bank do you have your account? Most questions were
from my introduction and hobbies.
6. How did you manage your time? What was your timetable?

12
ISHIKA SAINI : My target was to study 7 - 8 hours a day. I used to give

most of my time to English, like 4 -5 hours, as I knew that English was the
most scoring subject. When my reasoning and mathematics concepts got
clear, I was totally dependent upon mock tests. I did not take any extra
classes , I learned the concepts and practised them. My general
awareness was very weak. I used to study it on youtube. I believe that
English is a game changing subject because my marks increased
because of it and descriptive writing.
7. What would you like to say to fellow aspirants?
ISHIKA SAINI : My aim was to clear this exam. So I completed my

graduation and got dedicated to preparing for the exam. Just make a
mindset that this is the easiest exam and I can do it. Just train your mind
and when you will be in the exam hall solving the paper you will feel the
energy. Just stay positive. Don't ever lose hope and work whole-heartedly
towards your goals.

13
INDEX
S.No. Chapter Name Page no

1 Paragraph based questions 14 -42
2 Fillers 43 -91
3 Phrasal verb 92 - 98
4 Cloze test 99 - 114
5 Error detection 115 - 143
6 column based question 144 - 166
7 Miscellaneous 167 - 239

14
CHAPTER 1 - PARAGRAPH BASED QUESTION

Direction In each of the questions, a PASSAGE is divided into FIVE PARAGRAPHS.
ONE question is there from each of the paragraphs. You've to answer those correctly.
Paragraph 1
The United Nations has declared 2023 as the International Year of Millets. Since that was at
the initiative of India the Narendra Modi government would be expected to do something
different this year to promote these ―rich-nutri-cereals‖ — going beyond just spreading
awareness, or organizing ―special millet lunch‖. In the year 2020, about 41 percent of the
total global production of millet was produced in India.
1. Which of the following statements can be inferred from the above paragraph?
a. Millets score good in terms of minerals, vitamins, and dietary fiber content, as well as
amino acid profile.
b. The global production of millet in 2020 was 30.5 million tonnes and India produced
almost 12.5 million tonnes.
c. Aiming to raise awareness and also stress the importance of consuming millet, millet
dishes should be served only.
A. Only a and b B. Only a and c C. Only b and c D. All a, b and c E. None of a, b

and c
Paragraph 2
Polished/ white rice contains only 2-4 mg/ kg iron and 15-16 mg/ kg zinc. Wheat has more of
both — iron (37-39 mg/ kg) and zinc (40-42 mg/ kg) — but its protein quality is poorer than
even that of rice. Up to 80% of wheat‘s average 13% protein content comprises glutens,
known to trigger gastrointestinal and autoimmune disorders in many people. Bajra (pearl
millet), on the other hand, has iron, zinc, and protein levels comparable to that of wheat, but
it‘s gluten-free and has more fiber. The rotis from bajra makes one feel fuller for longer and
do not raise blood sugar levels too fast.
2. Which of the following conclusions can be drawn from the above paragraph?

15
a. If you don't feel gassy or bloated and don't want indigestion symptoms to return, millet
rotis are exactly what you need.
b. The more fiber in your system, the longer it may take to digest the fiber and get it out
of your system.
c. Wheat has high nutritional value as compared to rice because it contains more
proteins and fibers than rice.

and c
Paragraph 3
The same nutritionally superior traits — which significantly address the problem of ―hidden
hunger‖ arising from the consumption of energy-dense but micronutrients-deficient foods —
are present in other millets too: jowar (sorghum), ragi (finger millet), kodo (kodo millet), kutki
(little millet), kakun (foxtail millet), sanwa (barnyard millet), cheena (proso millet), kuttu
(buckwheat) and chaulai (amaranth). Nutritional advantages apart, millets are hardy and
drought-resistant crops. This has to do with their short duration (70-100 days, against 115-
150 days for rice and wheat), lower water requirement (350-500 mm versus 600-1,250 mm)
and ability to grow even on poor soils and in hilly terrain.
3. Which of the following statements can be made on the features of millets, as

expressed in the above paragraph?
a. Millets can grow in a variety of climates, including dry and arid regions.
b. Millets can withstand high temperatures, making it a suitable crop for areas prone to
drought and extreme weather conditions.
c. Because of its effective root system, millets can grow in locations with marginal soil
fertility and moisture.

and c
Paragraph 4

16
However, millets aren‘t the first choice either of consumers or of farmers. For the poor, both
in urban and rural areas, rice and wheat were once aspirational foods. But thanks to the
Green Revolution and the National Food Security Act of 2013, two-thirds of India‘s
population receives up to 5 kg of wheat or rice per person per month at Rs 2 and Rs 3/kg
respectively. The Modi government has, in fact, made the issue of the two fine cereals free
of cost from January 2023. Even for the better-off, rolling rotis is easier with wheat than
millet flour. This is because the gluten proteins, for all their drawbacks, make the wheat
dough more cohesive and elastic.
4. Which of the negative statements about millets can be made from the above
paragraph?
a. By making the two fine cereals - rice and wheat - free of cost from January 2023, the
government further tilted the scales against millets.
b. The resultant breads made of wheat come out light and fluffy, which isn‘t the case
with bajra or jowar millets.
c. Millets are more expensive than rice despite the fact that the production cost and
efforts are supposed to be much lesser than that of rice.

and c
Paragraph 5
India, according to the latest official data for 2021-22, has 26.52 crore children enrolled in
14.89 lakh schools from the pre-primary to higher secondary levels. In addition, 7.71 crore
children and 1.80 crore pregnant & lactating women are being provided supplementary
nutrition in 13.91 lakh anganwadi care centers. Given the dire need to alleviate micronutrient
malnutrition — especially iron and zinc deficiency that are major causes of anaemia and
stunting respectively, while also contributing to impaired cognitive performance and
vulnerability to diarrhea — millets could be made a staple part of children‘s diets.
A combination of central funding with decentralized procurement linked to nutrition goals —
specifically the eradication of hidden hunger among school-age children — can do for millets
what the Food Corporation of India achieved with rice and wheat.
5. Which of the following statements can be the author's statement, according to his
tone and points in the above paragraph?

17
a. Every schoolchild and anganwadi beneficiary can be served one daily hot meal based
on locally-sourced bajra, jowar, ragi, kodo, or kutki.
b. According to the latest official data for 2021-22 mentioned in the beginning, one can
say that this can be potentially a huge ―market‖ for millets.
c. Besides midday meals, millets could be served in the form of ready-to-eat foods such
as cookies, laddu, murukku, nutrition bars, and extruded snacks.

and c
Paragraph 6
Three swimmers enter a competition. One is allowed free use of all four limbs. The second
has hands tied, and the third, both hands and feet. That could be an apt allegory of Indian
higher education if, following the UGC‘s latest proposal, foreign universities freely set up
campuses in India. ―Freely‖ means just that. They can appoint their own staff, Indian and
foreign, on their own terms, and devise their own courses. They can determine admission
procedure and fee structure. The only restrictions are that they cannot offer online courses
(for how long, one wonders), endanger India‘s national interest, or jeopardize the standards
of education in India. The last would indeed be an ironic outcome.
6 .You can clearly understand the author's underlying tone in the entire scenario as
expressed in the above statement.
Which of the following questions will the author probably throw, that will justify his
tone?
a. If India‘s national interest is as fiercely monitored on foreign university campuses as

on national ones, would they accept such a regime?
b. Why should our nation bend over backwards to import instruction from abroad?
c. No doubt UGC's proposal exemplifies the noble principle of atithi devo bhava. But our
traditions honour home-grown leaders as well. How are they faring?

and c

18
Paragraph 7
Indian hockey fans are immune to heartbreak, but even so, Sunday‘s shock defeat to New
Zealand in the play-off match for a spot in the quarterfinal of the World Cup will rankle. For, it
brings the sport, which had taken giant strides forward, back to square one and makes the
team‘s return to the Olympic podium feel like a long time ago. The premature exit from the
World Cup also gives an impression that the bronze at the Tokyo Games was an aberration.
7. Which of the following statements can be contextually and thematically linked to

the above paragraph?
a. The bronze at the Tokyo Games Olympic medal seems like a missed opportunity, as
everything was in India's favor.
b. Indian hockey‘s history is littered with severe heartaches, each one more painful than
the other.
c. The gloom in the Indian dugout and the stands was an unsettling realisation that the
hosts had been booted out of their own World Cup.

and c
In each of the questions, a small paragraph is given. Two questions are there from
the paragraph. You've to answer those correctly.
Paragraph 8
Those who have worked during the Covid-19 pandemic have helped take development
forward at a continuous pace. This award [Excellence in Governance Awards] will be
remembered in years to come because those being felicitated have worked in such
challenging times. When Covid-19 hit, it was difficult to maintain the parameters of good
governance because saving people‘s lives became the priority. Crisis management has to
be the priority. In that case, it is impossible to touch all the parameters of good governance.
Simply maintaining good governance was a challenge at the time.

19
8. In your opinion, which of the following parameters of good governance couldn't be

possible to be maintained during Covid-19?
Use your own understanding.
a. Consensus oriented: the decisions taken by the government must be decisions that
can be accepted by everyone, do not harm anyone and benefit everyone.
b. Equity and inclusiveness: Every decision-making process and its institutions must
be able to produce decisions that meet every community need.
c. Transparency: Transparency means that every policy taken and implemented by the
government must be carried out under existing regulations; no change is welcome.
A. Only a and b B. Only a and c C. Only b and c D. All a, b and c E. None of a, b and
c
9. Which of the following statements can be inferred (directly or indirectly) from the
given paragraph?
a. The effectiveness of the response to the Covid-19 emergency greatly depends on the
level of coordination and cooperation between the different actors involved and good
governance.
b. Gaining control over future pandemics would depend on resource availability and
deployment, and the government‘s response to the public health crisis, more than on
increased medical knowledge about treatment and prevention.
c. Countries with better governance were more capable of adopting and implementing
appropriate policies in defending Covid-19 and saving lives.
A. Only a and b B. Only a and c C. Only b and c D. All a, b and c E. None of a, b and
c
Paragraph 10
With the Abu Dhabi Sustainability Week (ADSW) 2023 underway, all eyes are on key
sustainable development priorities ahead of the UAE‘s Presidency of the 28th Conference of
the Parties (COP28). As the UAE‘s global initiative to accelerate sustainable development,

20
ADSW will enable impactful dialogue between global stakeholders and decision-makers on
practical, pro-climate and pro-growth solutions for a net-zero future. Much like ADSW 2023,
COP28 will focus on inclusive dialogue, convening governments, scientists, the private
sector, youth and civil society to work together on realistic and pragmatic pathways to
solutions.
10. ADSW will enable impactful dialogue between global stakeholders and decision-
makers on achieving which of the following goals?
a. A balance between the amount of greenhouse gas produced and the amount
removed from the atmosphere.
b. Cutting greenhouse gas emissions to as close to zero as possible.
c. Pursuing new carbon-free energy generation and storage technologies while working
with governments, utilities, and policymakers to deploy those technologies and drive
system-level change.

and c
11. Which of the following targets will COP28 focus on?
a. Intentionally structured dialogues using principles and strategies that promote deeper
learning and personal reflection.
b. Bringing together different governments, scientists, the private sector, youth and civil
societies for the purpose of achieving a net-zero future.
c. Unlocking resilient, smart, sustainable urban energy systems and empowering cities
for a net zero future.

and c
Paragraph 12
Three swimmers enter a competition. One is allowed free use of all four limbs. The second
has hands tied, and the third, both hands and feet. That could be an apt allegory of Indian

21
higher education if, following the UGC‘s latest proposal, foreign universities freely set up
campuses in India. ―Freely‖ means just that. They can appoint their own staff, Indian and
foreign, on their own terms, and devise their own courses. They can determine admission
procedure and fee structure. The only restrictions are that they cannot offer online courses
(for how long, one wonders), endanger India‘s national interest, or jeopardize the standards
of education in India. The last would indeed be an ironic outcome.
12. You can clearly understand the author's underlying tone in the entire scenario as
expressed in the above statement.
Which of the following questions will the author probably throw, that will justify his
tone?
a. If India‘s national interest is as fiercely monitored on foreign university campuses as

on national ones, would they accept such a regime?
b. Why should our nation bend over backwards to import instruction from abroad?
c. No doubt UGC's proposal exemplifies the noble principle of atithi devo bhava. But our
traditions honour home-grown leaders as well. How are they faring?

and c
Paragraph 13
Indian hockey fans are immune to heartbreak, but even so, Sunday‘s shock defeat to New
Zealand in the play-off match for a spot in the quarterfinal of the World Cup will rankle. For, it
brings the sport, which had taken giant strides forward, back to square one and makes the
team‘s return to the Olympic podium feel like a long time ago. The premature exit from the
World Cup also gives an impression that the bronze at the Tokyo Games was an aberration.
13. Which of the following statements can be contextually and thematically linked to
the above paragraph?
a. The bronze at the Tokyo Games Olympic medal seems like a missed opportunity, as
everything was in India's favor.
b. Indian hockey‘s history is littered with severe heartaches, each one more painful than
the other.

22
c. The gloom in the Indian dugout and the stands was an unsettling realisation that the
hosts had been booted out of their own World Cup.

and c
SHORT PASSAGE 11
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR), often also called antibiotic resistance, is a global health
challenge and a looming public health crisis. The WHO has declared it as one of the top 10
health threats facing humanity. Microorganisms (bugs) are everywhere with some being
helpful like the yogurt-making lactobacillus and some being harmful like the typhoid-causing
salmonella. Antimicrobials, chemicals or molecules that kill harmful bugs, are the backbone
of modern medicine. Improperly used antimicrobials create selective pressure on bugs. AMR
occurs naturally over time, usually through genetic changes. Antimicrobial resistant
organisms are found in people, animals, food, plants and the environment (in water, soil and
air). The bugs most vulnerable to the drugs die quickly, while the most resilient ones survive,
replicate and become superbugs. AMR occurs when superbugs develop and antimicrobials
stop working.
Reversing AMR or finding solutions for it is a tall order since we are up against natural
selection — Darwinian evolution, the process by which we evolved. The Covid-19 pandemic
has given us a painful reminder of what it means to have no vaccine or medicine to tackle an
emerging pathogen. AMR is bad news on a similar scale except it‘s a silent killer. Covid has
also taught us that in a global crisis, government, industry and society can come together
and work together to find solutions.
14. Why is antimicrobial resistance a global concern in your opinion?
a. Antibiotics are becoming increasingly ineffective as drug-resistance spreads globally

leading to more difficult to treat infections and death.
b. The cost of AMR to national economies and their health systems is significant as it
affects productivity of patients or their caretakers through prolonged hospital stays
and the need for more expensive and intensive care.
c. A lack of access to quality antimicrobials remains a major issue; also, antibiotic
shortages are affecting countries of all levels of development and especially in health-
care systems.

23

and c
15. What accelerates the emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance?
a. The main drivers of antimicrobial resistance include the misuse and overuse of
antimicrobials.
b. Lack of awareness and knowledge; and lack of enforcement of legislation.
c. Lack of access to clean water, sanitation and hygiene for humans.

and c
16. Which of the following statements can possibly be made based on the above
passage?
a. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has emerged as one of the principal public health
problems of the 21st century that threatens the effective prevention and treatment of
an ever-increasing range of infections caused by bacteria, parasites, viruses and
fungi no longer susceptible to the common medicines used to treat them.
b. The impact of antibiotic resistance in terms of mortality and of the public health cost is
quite difficult to estimate.
c. Under the selective pressure of antibiotics, susceptible bacteria are killed or inhibited,
while bacteria that are naturally (or intrinsically) resistant or that have acquired
antibiotic-resistant traits have a greater chance to survive and multiply.

and c
The Covid-19 pandemic has given us a painful reminder of what it means to have no
vaccine or medicine to tackle an emerging pathogen. AMR is bad news on a similar scale
except it‟s a silent killer. Covid has also taught us that in a global crisis, government,
industry and society can come together and work together to find solutions.

24
17. Which of the following approaches to fight AMR can justify the above statement?
a. Greater innovation and investment is required in operational research, and in

research and development of new antimicrobial medicines, vaccines.
b. AMR is a complex problem that requires a united multisectoral approach; this
approach brings together multiple sectors and stakeholders engaged in human,
terrestrial and aquatic animal and plant health, food and feed production and the
environment to communicate and work together in the design and implementation of
programmes, policies, legislation and research to attain better public health
outcomes.
c. Reducing the use of antibiotics by preventing: bacterial infections including those that
may carry resistance and viral diseases which lead to secondary bacterial infections
requiring antibiotic treatment.

and c
Medium-length Passage
Read the given passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.
Amid the easy-to-predict pack of world-class musicians, including Taylor Swift, Rihanna and
Lady Gaga, who made it to the nominations of this year‘s Golden Globes for the Best
Original Song, ‗Naatu naatu‘, the rambunctious dance number from S S Rajamouli‘s part-
history, part-mythology action drama RRR, ___________ with the shining trophy riding on
popular opinion in the West.
As India celebrates its first win in the category, __________ the West closer to its cinema
amid loud cheers of history being made by a Telugu film, I wonder about the receptiveness
of the world and that of the Globes and Oscars juries (since the song is in the Academy‘s
shortlist too) to this piece of music. A piece, that on any given day, wouldn‘t have crossed
their usual threshold. But it‘s interesting how they find inherent and genuine import and
importance in the composition, in the dance hook, in its blaring and slick arrangements.

25
‗Naatu naatu‗ __________ so much international attention is startling and stunning in the
same breath. But a deeper analysis leads to the idea that this may have to do more with
RRR itself — the story of the underdog rising, the poverty-stricken India of the 1920s under
British rule, wrapped in colours, costumes, nationalism, and puffy music.
But while the West‘s predilection for M M Keeravani‘s composition, filmed on actors NTR
Junior and Ram Charan, is growing, the song is hardly exceptional. The tune, the lyrics, the
singing, the expression — are all at best, ordinary. What it has in abundance is what the
West values much more — sound quality, mixing, clear chords.
A shortage of money, lack of awareness, and often lack of lobbying — none of which seems
to be an issue for RRR. Imagine any of the fabulous Ilayaraja or A R Rahman tunes, or the
brilliance of music from Madan Mohan and Naushad that never found international
recognition.
18 . The author surely doesn't sound very impressed with 'Naatu naatu' getting the
Golden Globe award.
Which of the following concluding statements can he make based on his tone on the
entire scenario?
a. It will be healthier to consider this Golden Globe as a much-needed

acknowledgement for Indian films in general, rather than considering songs like
'Naatu Naatu' as the epitome of our music-making abilities.
b. The purpose of an award is to acknowledge the effort and encourage more of the
same and awards are based on the principle of positive reinforcement.
c. In fact ‗Naatu naatu‘ is massively at odds with some of the most brilliant film music
that‘s been the life and blood of the various film industries in various parts of the
country but hasn‘t found international nominations.

and c
19. Which of the following combinations of PHRASAL VERBS can most appropriately
fit in the blanks in the above statement respectively?
a. walked away, pulling in, coming by

b. walked about, drawing in, taking on

26
c. went about, taking in, finding out
A. Only a and b B. Only a C. Only b D. Only c E. None of a, b and c
20. Based on the information given in the passage and your own understanding, why
do you think what made 'Naatu naatu' stand out from the international stalwarts?
a. With team RRR campaigning for months to promote their film around the world, the
film was bound to get recognition in international circuits.
b. Besides putting their film out for selection at international awards, RRR had its solid
story and other elements on filmmaking working in its favour.
c. Naatu Naatu in itself is a song that was specifically written to build the emotions
lyrically and composition-wise.
and c
21. Which of the following statements can have the same line of thinking as that of
the author?
a. India has rich music.

b. Indian movies have had quite a few songs that also deserved recognition on the
international platforms.
c. India, Indian music and Indian arts are getting international acclaim because we
deserve it.

and c
Direction : A passage has been given below. Few words and sentences have been
highlighted to help you answer some of the questions. Read the same carefully and
answer the questions that follow:
A nation brimming with chess talent is now ready to parade it on a platform that does not
get any bigger. The 44th Chess Olympiad, with participants from 187 nations, opens with a
gala ceremony at Chennai‘s Nehru Stadium on Thursday and the 11-round on-board action

27
commences the following day at Mamallapuram. With the usual medal-winning nations —
Russia and China — not in the mix, some first-timers could occupy the podium.
The 44th Chess Olympiad, which was moved out of Russia after it invaded Ukraine, will be
organized in Chennai later this year, making it the second major global event of the sport to
be held in India after the World Championship match in 2013.
The greatest of current players, Magnus Carlsen, is looking to lead Norway to its first medal.
There will be other illustrious performers in both sections of the biennial competition, but the
discerning would focus on how India performs at home. Being the host, India could field two
teams in each section. As there were an odd number of entries, India added a third team to
make it even. As a result, 30 players, including 15 women, will represent India in the premier
world team championship. Though Viswanathan Anand is the mentor for these teams, the
Indian men are strong enough to be seeded second in the Open section. The Indian women,
looking for their first medal, are seeded first. Talented teens D. Gukesh, Arjun Erigaisi, Nihal
Sarin and R. Praggnanandhaa earned their stripes to be on the biggest stage. It remains to
be seen whether they play according to their growing reputation.
On the organisational front, the Olympiad promises to be a success. Once Russia was out of
the Olympiad both as a host and a participant, the magnitude of what the Tamil Nadu
Government and the All India Chess Federation (AICF) have accomplished in setting up this
mega event in just four months of getting the hosting rights is hard to comprehend. On
getting Chief Minister M.K. Stalin‘s approval, the bureaucracy turned a vision into reality by
taking care of every logistical aspect.
The World Chess Federation (FIDE) is already fine-tuning the arrangements, including the
two playing halls that will accommodate about 1,400 players, with live broadcast of games
from about 700 boards in each round. The Indian technicians are set to raise the bar to a
new high. Elsewhere, no effort is being spared to showcase the rich culture and heritage of
the country with the focus being on the home State. A team of over 500 volunteers have
been trained to handle various needs of the visiting contingents.
Security personnel and health workers are in place to meet any contingency. But for those
from the AICF who have worked round-the-clock for four months after shifting base to
Mamallapuram, all the effort would be worth it only if
_____________________________________________.
22. What makes the 44th Chess Olympiad event interesting, as per the passage?
a) Event's promotional activities that are on full swing
b) How Indian players will perform at the event

28
c) How Chennai has prepared to welcome the world.
(a) Both b and c
(b) Only a and c
(c) Only c
(d) All a, b, and c
(e) None of the above.
23. Which of the following causes are behind Russia's exit in this greatest event?
a) Because Russia supports China.
b) Because Russia is not willing to participate in this event.
c) Because the right to host the event was taken away from Russia.
(a) Both a and c
(b) Only b
(c) Only c
(d) Both b and c
(e) Not mentioned in the passage
24. Which of the following statements can be made from the above passage?
a) To test run the venue and its electronic chess boards, an open tournament was played on
Sunday with around 1,400 domestic participants
b) For the home team, this campaign could well end in a historic finish.
c) The absence of China in addition to that of Russia may brighten the chances of new
players.
(a) Only a and b

29
(b) Only b and c
(c) Only a and c
(d) All a, b, and c
(e) None of the above
25. Which of the following statements can be inferred about the Tamilnadu Government?
a) The Tamil Nadu state government might be prompted with its $10m (£8.3m) surety bid,
and the All India Chess Federation (AICF) has been pulling all-nighters to host over 1,400
players for the 10-day event.
b) The government is leaving no stone unturned to make the 44th edition of the Chess
Olympiad a memorable one.
c) Women's health, nutrition, education, protection, and development have been improved
through this event.
(a) Only a and b
(b) Only b
(c) Only a and c
(d) All a, b, and c
26. Which of the following PHRASES can most appropriately fit in the blank in the above
portion of the passage?
a) Indian players do everything possible to support or win this event and make it a grand
success.
b) the Indian teams come up with medal-winning performances.
c) with India fielding strong teams, a strong medal tally finish will add more value to the
already historic event of the Chess Olympiad.
(a) Only a and b

30
(b) Only b and c
(c) Only a and c
(d) All a, b, and c
27. What is the tone of the author in the entire passage?
(a) Humorous
(b) Cynical
(c) Both A and B
(d) Laudable
28. Which of the following options conveys the same meaning as the highlighted word
―brimming‖?
a) Overfilling
b) Abounding
c) Fleeting
(a) Only a and b
(b) Only b and c
(c) Only a and c
(d) All a, b, and c

31
RC
Direction : A passage has been given below. Few words and sentences have been
highlighted to help you answer some of the questions. Read the same carefully and
answer the questions that follow:
World temperatures are rising because of human activity, and climate change now threatens
every aspect of human life. We face a huge challenge, but there are potential solutions.
Climate is the average weather in a place over many years. The rapid climate change we
are now seeing is caused by humans using oil, gas, and coal for their homes, factories, and
transport. When these fossil fuels burn, they release greenhouse gases - mostly carbon
dioxide (CO2). These gases trap the Sun's heat and cause the planet's temperature to rise.
Temperature rises must slow down if we want to avoid the worst consequences of climate
change, scientists say. They say global warming needs to be kept to 1.5C by 2100.
However, unless further action is taken, the planet could still warm by more than 2C by the
end of this century. A report in 2021 by the Climate Action Tracker group calculated that the
world was heading for 2.4C of warming by the end of the century.
in the future, leading to devastating (P)/ rising sea levels, and irreversible loss of
plant and animal species (Q)/ if nothing is done, scientists think global warming could
exceed 4C (R)/ heatwaves, millions losing their homes to (S) Extreme weather events
are already more intense, threatening lives and livelihoods.
With further warming, some regions could become uninhabitable, as farmland turns into
desert. In other regions, the opposite is happening, with extreme rainfall causing historic
flooding - as seen recently in China, Germany, Belgium, and the Netherlands. People in
poorer countries will suffer the most as they do not have the money to adapt to climate
change.
In a warmer world, animals will find it harder to find the food and water they need to live. For
example, polar bears could die out as the ice they rely on melts away, and elephants will
struggle to find the 150-300 liters of water a day they need. Climate change has different
effects in different areas of the world.
If temperature rise cannot be kept within 1.5C: The UK and Europe will be vulnerable to
flooding caused by extreme rainfall. Countries in the Middle East will experience extreme
heatwaves and farmland could turn to desert. Island nations in the Pacific region could
disappear under rising seas. Many African nations are likely to suffer droughts and food
shortages. Drought conditions are likely in the western US, while other areas will see more
intense storms. Australia is likely to suffer extremes of heat and drought.

32
Countries agree climate change can only be tackled by working together, and in a landmark
agreement in Paris in 2015, they pledged to try to keep global warming to 1.5C. The UK is
hosting a summit for world leaders, called COP26, in November, where countries will set out
their carbon reduction plans for 2030.
Major changes need to come from governments and businesses, but scientists say some
small changes in our lives can limit our impact on the climate: Turn off lights and appliances
when you don‘t need them. Replace light bulbs with LEDs or other low-energy lights. Make
simple changes to how you use hot water, like buying a water-efficient shower head. Take
fewer flights, Live car-free or use an electric car, Buy energy-efficient products, such as
washing machines, when they need replacing, Switch from a gas heating system to an
electric heat pump.
29) As per the given passage, climate change can be influenced by
a) burning fossil fuels
b) increasing the greenhouse effect and global warming
c) increasing livestock farming
A) Both a and b
B) Both b and c
C) Both a and c
D) All a, b, and c
E) None of the given options
30) How will different parts of the world be affected by climate change?
a) some places will warm more than others
b) some places will experience more droughts.
c) some places will receive more rainfall
A) Both a and b
B) Both b and c
C) Both a and c

33
D) All a, b, and c
E) None of the above
31) What measures have been taken by the governments around the world in response to
climate change, as per the given passage?
a) The Paris Agreement 2015 sets out a global framework to avoid dangerous climate
change by limiting global warming to 1.5°C.
b) UN Climate Change Dialogues 2020 to assess progress in dealing with climate change.
c) The UK hosts the COP 26 summit for carbon reduction plans.
A) Both a and b
B) Both b and c
C) Both a and c
D) All a, b, and c
ANSWER
1.(Answer - A. Only a and b
a - Correct.
Refer to - the Narendra Modi government would be expected to do something different this
year to promote these “rich-nutri-cereals” —
b - Correct.
Refer to - In the year 2020, about 41 percent of the total global production of millet was
produced in India.
c - Incorrect.
It's contradictory.
Refer to - Since that was at the initiative of India the Narendra Modi government would be
expected to do something different this year to promote these “rich-nutri-cereals” — going
beyond just spreading awareness, or organizing “special millet lunch”.)

34
a - Correct.
Refer to - Up to 80% of wheat‟s average 13% protein content comprises glutens, known to
trigger gastrointestinal and autoimmune disorders in many people.
Hence, gluten causes gastric issues.

And, millet is gluten free.
b - Correct.
Refer to - The rotis from bajra makes one feel fuller for longer and do not raise blood sugar
levels too fast.
That means, fiber stays in the system longer.
c - Incorrect.
From the information above, it can't be concluded that Wheat has high nutritional
value as compared to rice because it contains more proteins and fibers than rice.
Refer to - Wheat has more of both — iron (37-39 mg/ kg) and zinc (40-42 mg/ kg) — but its
protein quality is poorer than even that of rice.)
3.(Answer - D. All a, b and c
Refer to - Nutritional advantages apart, millets are hardy and drought-resistant crops.
This has to do with their short duration (70-100 days, against 115-150 days for rice and
wheat), lower water requirement (350-500 mm versus 600-1,250 mm) and ability to grow
even on poor soils and in hilly terrain.
hardy - capable of enduring difficult conditions; robust.

arid - (of land or a climate) having little or no rain; too dry or barren to support vegetation.)
The first two statements are correct.

a - Correct.
Refer to - two-thirds of India‟s population receives up to 5 kg of wheat or rice per person per
month at Rs 2 and Rs 3/kg respectively.
On top of that,

35
The Modi government has, in fact, made the issue of the two fine cereals free of cost from
January 2023.
Therefore, it can be said that the government further tilted the scales against millet.
b - Correct.
Refer to - the gluten proteins, for all their drawbacks, make the wheat dough more cohesive
and elastic.
As the wheat dough is more cohesive and elastic, the resultant breads made of wheat
come out light and fluffy, which isn‟t the case with bajra or jowar millets.
c - Incorrect. No such information is given.)
The author has thoroughly supported millets. He has tried to establish the
advantages of millets.
Hence, all three can be his statements.)
The author is clearly agitated.

That's why he mentioned that allegory in the beginning.
The only restrictions are that they cannot offer online courses (for how long, one
wonders), endanger India‟s national interest, or jeopardize the standards of education in
India. The last would indeed be an ironic outcome.)
7.(Answer - C. Only b and c
b - Correct.
Refer to - Indian hockey fans are immune to heartbreak…
That means, Indian hockey‟s history is littered with severe heartaches, each one more
painful than the other.
c - Correct.
Refer to - Sunday‟s shock defeat to New Zealand in the play-off match for a spot in the
quarterfinal of the World Cup will rankle.
rankle - annoy.
India is knocked out.

36
a - Incorrect.
It's absolutely incorrect.
aberration - a departure from what is normal, usual, or expected, typically an unwelcome
one.
The truth is, India won bronze at the Tokyo Games.)
During the pandemic, these couldn't be maintained.

Stringent restrictions were imposed because saving lives was more important.
Many decisions were taken that weren't beneficial to everyone.

The decisions taken couldn't meet everyone's needs.
Many policies were introduced for the first time. Because, Covid-19 was an
unprecedented event.)
9.(Answer - E. None of a, b and c
The paragraph is talking about a different thing altogether.
a and c - Incorrect. These statements are talking in a contradictory tone.
b - Incorrect. It's irrelevant in the given context.)
Refer to - ADSW will enable impactful dialogue between global stakeholders and decision-
makers on practical, pro-climate and pro-growth solutions for a net-zero future.
a and b are almost the same.

net zero future - We‟ve all heard the term net zero, but what exactly does it mean? Put
simply, net zero refers to the balance between the amount of greenhouse gas
produced and the amount removed from the atmosphere. We reach net zero when the
amount we add is no more than the amount taken away.
c - Incorrect. Carbon free and net zero are completely different.)

37
Refer to - Much like ADSW 2023, COP28 will focus on inclusive dialogue, convening
governments, scientists, the private sector, youth and civil society to work together on
realistic and pragmatic pathways to solutions.
a - Correct. It's talking about inclusive dialogue.
b - Correct.
Refer to - convening governments, scientists, the private sector, youth and civil society to
work together on realistic and pragmatic pathways to solutions.
convene - to call or bring together.
c - Incorrect.
It's not mentioned in the paragraph.)
The author is clearly agitated.

That's why he mentioned that allegory in the beginning.
The only restrictions are that they cannot offer online courses (for how long, one
wonders), endanger India‟s national interest, or jeopardize the standards of education in
India. The last would indeed be an ironic outcome.)
b - Correct.
Refer to - Indian hockey fans are immune to heartbreak…
That means, Indian hockey‟s history is littered with severe heartaches, each one more
painful than the other.
c - Correct.
Refer to - Sunday‟s shock defeat to New Zealand in the play-off match for a spot in the
quarterfinal of the World Cup will rankle.
rankle - annoy.
India is knocked out.
a - Incorrect.
It's absolutely incorrect.

38
aberration - a departure from what is normal, usual, or expected, typically an unwelcome

one.
The truth is, India won bronze at the Tokyo Games.)
The emergence and spread of drug-resistant pathogens that have acquired new
resistance mechanisms, leading to antimicrobial resistance, continues to threaten our
ability to treat common infections. Especially alarming is the rapid global spread of
multi- and pan-resistant bacteria (also known as “superbugs”) that cause infections
that are not treatable with existing antimicrobial medicines such as antibiotics.
The clinical pipeline of new antimicrobials is dry.
Hence, only a and b can be the valid reasons why antimicrobial resistance is a global
concern.)
15.(Answer - B. Only a and c
Refer to - AMR occurs naturally over time, usually through genetic changes. Antimicrobial
resistant organisms are found in people, animals, food, plants and the environment
(in water, soil and air).
Hence, c is correct.
Improperly used antimicrobials create selective pressure on bugs.
b - Incorrect. Nothing related to this is mentioned in the above passage.
c - Correct. It's the main idea of AMR.

a - Correct. It's also talking about AMR correctly.)

c - Incorrect. It may be true. But, it can't justify the above statement.)

39
b - Incorrect. This statement can be a concluding statement but it doesn't express the
author's negative tone.
a and c are clearly expressing the author's tone.)

the rambunctious dance number from S S Rajamouli‟s part-history, part-mythology action
drama RRR, ___________ with the shining trophy riding on popular opinion in the West.
As India celebrates its first win in the category, __________ the West closer to its cinema
amid loud cheers of history being made by a Telugu film,
„Naatu naatu„ __________ so much international attention is startling and stunning in the
same breath.
19.(Answer - B. Only a
walk away - leave.

pull in / draw in - attract.
come by - acquire or get.
go about - begin or carry on with an activity.
take on - to deal with.
take in - include or encompass something.)

c - Incorrect. It's absolutely contradictory.
b - Correct.
Refer to - But a deeper analysis leads to the idea that this may have to do more with RRR
itself — the story of the underdog rising, the poverty-stricken India of the 1920s under British
rule, wrapped in colours, costumes, nationalism, and puffy music.
a - Correct.
Musically it's not capable. Hence, this reason seems valid.
Refer to - A shortage of money, lack of awareness, and often lack of lobbying — none of
which seems to be an issue for RRR.)
c - Incorrect. It's kind of contradictory.

Refer to - Imagine any of the fabulous Ilayaraja or A R Rahman tunes, or the brilliance of
music from Madan Mohan and Naushad that never found international recognition.

40
Hence, a and b are correct. The author is optimistic about Indian music.)
22.Ans: d
Solution: The last three paragraphs of the passage talks about the various activities and
events to welcome players from around the world and showcase the rich culture and
heritage of our country, making b the correct answer. The event also focuses on the
performance of the Indian players, as stated in the third paragraph.
Hence, option d is the correct answer.
23.Ans: c
Solution: The 44th Chess Olympiad, which was moved out of Russia after it invaded
Ukraine, will be organized in Chennai later this year, making it the second major global
event of the sport to be held in India after the World Championship match in 2013.
Thus, we can infer that the governing body decided that the event would not take place in
Russia, making c correct.
Hence, option c is the correct answer.
24.Ans: b
Solution: Statement a: No information mentioned regarding this.
Statement b: The Indian women, looking for their first medal (could well end in a
historic finish), are seeded first. Talented teens D. Gukesh, Arjun Erigaisi, Nihal Sarin , and
R. Praggnanandhaa earned their stripes to be on the biggest stage. It remains to be seen
whether they play according to their growing reputation.
Statement c: With the usual medal winning nations —Russia and China — not in the mix,
some first-timers could occupy the podium.
Hence, option b is the correct answer.
25.Ans: b
Solution: Statement a: the magnitude of what the Tamil Nadu Government and the All India
Chess Federation (AICF) have accomplished in setting up this mega event in just four
months of getting the hosting rights is hard to comprehend. However, there is no mention of
any surety bid.
Statement b: Elsewhere, no effort is being spared to showcase the rich culture and
heritage of the country with the focus being on the home State.

41
Statement c: out of context.
Hence, option a is the correct answer.
26.Ans: a
Solution: We need a sentence that contains a positive tone. The sentence says that all
mentioned efforts will be successful only when India wins medals in this event and creates a
history.
Statements a and b can fill the blank and make the sentence contextually and
grammatically correct.
Statement c is grammatically incorrect.
27.Ans: d
Solution: The author appreciated, praised or admired (Laudable) India‘s efforts in the
whole article.
Humorous: amusing or funny
Cynical: having or showing the attitude or temper of a cynic: such as; a contemptuously
distrustful of human nature and motives
28.Ans: a
Solution: Brimming: be full to the point of overflowing.
Abounding: possessing or covered with great numbers or amounts of something specified.
Fleeting: lasting only for a short time
Only words a and b convey the same meaning as the highlighted word.
29.Answer: A
Refer to: The rapid climate change we are now seeing is caused by humans using oil,
gas, and coal for their homes, factories, and transport.

42
When these fossil fuels burn, they release greenhouse gases - mostly carbon dioxide
(CO2). These gases trap the Sun's heat and cause the planet's temperature to rise.
Temperature rises must slow down if we want to avoid the worst consequences of climate
change, scientists say. They say global warming needs to be kept to 1.5C by 2100.
Hence, option A is the correct answer.
30.Answer: D
Refer to: Climate change has different effects in different areas of the world.
The UK and Europe will be vulnerable to flooding caused by extreme rainfall. Countries
in the Middle East will experience extreme heatwaves and farmland could turn to desert.
Island nations in the Pacific region could disappear under rising seas. Many African nations
are likely to suffer droughts and food shortages. Drought conditions are likely in the western
US, while other areas will see more intense storms. Australia is likely to suffer extremes of
heat and drought.
All of the above options are correct.
Hence, option D is the correct answer.
31.Answer: C
Refer to: Countries agree climate change can only be tackled by working together, and in a
landmark agreement in Paris in 2015, they pledged to try to keep global warming to
1.5C. The UK is hosting a summit for world leaders, called COP26, in November, where
countries will set out their carbon reduction plans for 2030.
Option b is not mentioned anywh

43
CHAPTER 2 - FILLERS
Fill in the blanks
New Pattern
: Below are some statements, given in a random order. When these statements are
sequenced properly, they'll form a coherent and meaningful paragraph.
There is a blank in every statement. A phrase written in brackets is given against each
blank. Choose the right word from the options which can replace the phrase most
appropriately. If none of the options are fit for replacement, according to you, then
select
„None of these' as your answer.
omplete the statements and arrange them in the right order. Lastly, there is a
comprehensive question. Answer that as well.
(a) One doubts though that there is any _______________(an earlier event or action that
is regarded as an example or guide to be considered in subsequent similar
circumstances) to the events on Air India flights late last year.
(b) And, after the acts, there were various clumsy attempts at ________________(attempts
to prevent people discovering the truth about a serious mistake or crime) and fudging
information about the incidents.
(c) In another incident, another drunken man mad the empty seat of a passenger
______________(covered or marked with an unclean substance) who had gone to the
toilet.
(d) Commercial air travel has existed for nearly a century now; during that time, all sorts of
things have happened on flights, from people being sucked out of aircraft to deadly
_____________(noisy arguments or disagreements, especially in public) between
passengers.

44
(e) In the first instance, a man in his thirties becomes so ________________(affected by

alcohol to the extent of losing control of one's faculties or behaviour) that he actually
showed poor manners to an elderly woman co-passenger.
(f) Sadly, both the cases were handled very badly by the cabin crew and the flight captains
who clearly ____________(felt or was caused to feel panic) and utterly failed in their duty
of taking care of vulnerable passengers who had suffered these horrors.
(g) Neither apparently was a first-time flyer or a _____________(having or marked by bad

fortune) victim of first-time drinking.
(h) Both men were Indian, as were both their ______________(persons harmed as a
result of a crime or other event or action); both men, it seems, were from what one likes
to call ‗the educated middle-class‘.
(a) One doubts though that there is any _______________(an earlier event or action that
is regarded as an example or guide to be considered in subsequent similar
circumstances) to the events on Air India flights late last year.
Q1. Which of the following WORDS can most appropriately fit in the blank in the
above statement?
a. precedent
b. exemplar
c. chaperone

and c
(b) And, after the acts, there were various clumsy attempts at ________________(attempts
to prevent people discovering the truth about a serious mistake or crime) and fudging
information about the incidents.

45
above statement?
a. cover-ups
b. white-washes
c. false fronts

and c
(c) In another incident, another drunken man mad the empty seat of a passenger
______________(covered or marked with an unclean substance) who had gone to the
toilet.
above statement?
a. grimy
b. scrubbed
c. grubby

and c
d) Commercial air travel has existed for nearly a century now; during that time, all sorts of
things have happened on flights, from people being sucked out of aircraft to deadly
_____________(noisy arguments or disagreements, especially in public) between
passengers.
Q4. Which of the following IDIOMS can most appropriately fit in the blank in the above
statement?
a. falling-outs
b. shouting matches
c. ding-dongs

46

and c
(e) In the first instance, a man in his thirties becomes so

________________(affected by alcohol to the extent of losing control of one's
faculties or behaviour) that he actually showed poor manners to an elderly woman co-
passenger.
Q5. Which of the following IDIOMS can most appropriately fit in the blank in the above
statement?
a. grogged up
b. in his cups
c. half cut

and c
(f) Sadly, both the cases were handled very badly by the cabin crew and the flight captains
who clearly ____________(felt or was caused to feel panic) and utterly failed in their duty
of taking care of vulnerable passengers who had suffered these horrors.
Q6. Which of the following WORDS/IDIOMS can most appropriately fit in the blank in
the above statement?
a. freaked out
b. got the wind up
c. kicked back

and c

47
(g) Neither apparently was a first-time flyer or a _____________(having or marked by bad

fortune) victim of first-time drinking.
a. unlooked-for
b. hapless
c. star-crossed

and c
(h) Both men were Indian, as were both their ______________(persons harmed as a
result of a crime or other event or action); both men, it seems, were from what one likes
to call ‗the educated middle-class‘.
a. assailants
b. sitting ducks
c. targets

and c
Q9. Which of the following combinations is the combination of FOUR CONSECUTIVE

statements after the correct rearrangement?
A. a h e g
B. h g f b
C. c a e i

48
D. c g d f
E. None of the above options
New Pattern
In each of the following questions a SMALL PARAGRAPH is given with some of its
part missing and it's represented by a blank. Select the best option(s) to make the
PARAGRAPH complete and coherent. If no option fits in the blank, choose (E) as your
answer.
After completing the paragraph, you've to answer a comprehensive question that's

based on the paragraph.
Q10. Five-and-a-half years after she took office as the Prime Minister of New Zealand,
Jacinda Ardern has bucked the trend yet again by announcing
____________________________, not because of the dip in her popularity but because
months of deliberation has led her to the conclusion that she no longer has what it takes to
continue. As unexpected as her resolution is, it is in keeping with Ardern‘s image as a prime
minister who walks the talk. In the masculinisation of political discourse, Ardern‘s leadership
made possible on a global stage a realization of grace, efficiency and that other thing that
she hopes will be her legacy — ―someone who always tried to be kind‖.
a. her decision to step back from her role

b. her yearn for standing down from her role
c. her resolve to stick to her guns regarding her role
Q11. Which of the following facts about Jacinda Ardern can be validated according to
the nature of her character as expressed in the above paragraph?

49
a. As the world‘s youngest female head of government at the time of her election in
2017, Ardern was pitched headlong into the culture of machismo of her global
counterparts, but she changed the narrative during her action-packed stint, carving a
niche for her tiny nation by the strength of her personality and ―relentless positivity‖.
b. She was a world leader and a mother who gave birth while in office and spoke at the
United Nations general assembly meeting with a three-month-old infant in tow.
c. At a time of heightened Islamophobia, she handled the 2019 Christchurch mass
shootings with sensitivity, respect, and most importantly, decisive action.
A. Only a and b B. Only a and c C. Only b and c D. All a, b and E. None of a, b and
c
Q12. Mohammed Anikh, a 19-year-old student in Chennai, died by suicide recently. He was
barred from sitting for exams due to low attendance. His parents allege that
__________________________. Multiple students from renowned institutions like IIT
Madras and Amity University over the past years have died by suicide, allegedly due to the
same reason. This raises a critical question about the necessity and validity of these
requirements.
a. the distress of not being allowed to take his exams forced him to claim his own life
b. the anguish of not being entitled to appear for the exam compelled him to take his
own life
c. the torment of not being permitted to sit for his own exam put the screws on him to kill
himself
Q13. Which of the following statements can the author make, if he isn't happy with the
motivation of the suicides?
a. Attendance requirements give students an incentive to sit in class and not waste their
parents‘ money.
b. Stern measures regarding low attendance force students to subscribe to a system
that is not concerned with their mental health and well-being.

50
c. The lack of an attendance policy does not necessarily affect the passing or failing of
students in their examinations.
In each of the following questions a sentence is given with some of its part missing
and it's represented by a blank. Select the best option(s) to make the sentence
complete and coherent. If no option fits in the blank, choose (E) as your answer.
Q14. The pandemic has proven to be the breakout moment in India‘s long overdue
emergence as the world‘s next engine of growth. Starting with a measured approach to the
timing and quantum of the economic stimulus while supporting those at the bottom of the
pyramid to embarking upon bold reforms, Prime Minister Narendra Modi‘s vision for a New
India is __________________________________.
a. bearing fruit at a time when one-third of the world‘s economy is facing a slowdown
b. allowing India to influence the global agenda based on its own priority of accelerated,
inclusive and resilient growth
c. coming at a time when there are significant opportunities given a gloomy global
outlook

and c
Q15. Multiple lockdowns during Covid-19 forced children to turn to the internet for education,
entertainment and everything in between. It led to an increase in their average screen time.
This prolonged online exposure has increased threats to online safety for children. With
__________________________________, children these days have a much higher chance
of being exposed to harmful content. Hence, the need to secure children‘s welfare and
safety online is more urgent than ever.
a. the increasing popularity of social media platforms

b. utilization of education apps

51
c. shift to online classes

and c
Q16. The rapidly evolving digital landscape and advances in information technology have
given rise to better encryption services and the dark net, which
________________________, allowing them to engage in child abuse.
a. provide a safe cover of anonymity to offenders

b. give the danger and complexity of online abuse to wrongdoers
c. provide the ubiquitous nature of the internet and online interaction to the evil-doers
A. Only a B. Only c C. Only b D. All a, b and c E. None of a, b and c
Q17. Which of the following statements can the author possibly make in line with the
actual theme of the passage?
a. What one can perhaps say is that all over the world, there is a rapid whittling down
notions of ethics and morality, of the list of things that cannot and should not be done,
no matter what the rewards.
b. Completely interwoven with a degraded sense of right and wrong is the growing
awareness that ‗perhaps I can get away with a wrongdoing, let‘s just try and see‘.
c. We can take stock of many instances of different scale of the destruction that one
could previously take for granted.

and c

52
Q18. The latest estimates of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) released by the National
Statistical Office (NSO) suggest that the Indian economy grew by 6.3 per cent in the last
quarter compared to last year, with full-year growth expected to be around 7 per cent. This
forms the basis of the government‘s claims that India may be the fastest-growing economy
in the world. But then _________________________. More so when the economy has seen
a sharp slowdown in growth rates since 2016-17, followed by the pandemic.
a. annual growth rates are notoriously deceptive given the choice of base year
b. average income in India is higher in 2021-22 compared to the pre-pandemic year of
2018-19 with per-capita income declining at 0.25 per cent per annum.
c. almost four-fifths of rural workers have seen an increase in their incomes in the last
five years.
A. Only a and b B. Only a C. Only b D. All a, b and c E. None of a, b and c
Q19. Where is the Barakhamba Cemetery in Delhi? Even those who are intimately familiar
with Delhi will find it difficult to answer this question. Etymologically, the word monument
means a burial place or tomb, erected in memoriam. Therefore,
________________________. The responsibility for protecting it vests with the
Archaeological Survey of India (ASI). Unfortunately, however, the ASI has lost the
monument.
a. the Barakhamba Cemetery should be a monument, as it indeed is

b. the Barakhamba Cemetery shouldn't be a monument
c. the Barakhamba Cemetery must be a national monument
A. Only a and b B. Only a C. Only b D. All a, b and c E. None of a, b and c
Q20. Delhi Lieutenant Governor Vinai Kumar Saxena recently asked the Delhi Development
Authority to allocate 1.6 lakh square metres of land to build a new prison complex on the
outskirts of the national capital. One wonders whether he ever heard President Droupadi
Murmu speak at the Constitution Day celebration organised by the Supreme Court in
November 2022, a few kilometres away from Saxena‘s Raj Niwas. ―I hear these days that

53
we will have to make new prisons because prisons are overcrowded. But, if we are moving
towards progress as a society, ________________________‖ she has said.
a. then why do we need new jails?

b. we should be closing down the existing ones rather than forming new ones
c. even the ones with minor crimes should languish in jails

and c
Q21. The growing distrust between the government of Tamil Nadu and its governor found its
way from the Assembly to Twitter last week when #GetOutRavi trended. Representatives of
the DMK subsequently met the President of India to submit a memorandum on the issue as
well. For his part, Governor R N Ravi, first, stirred up sentiments by speaking about the
name of the state and then went on to omit portions of the Governor‘s Address to the
legislative assembly. Given that the interference of governors in non-BJP states is at an all-
time high, it will not be long before like-minded regional parties
___________________________________
a. come together on a federal platform to review the role and scope of governors within
the constitutional scheme itself.
b. make sure that the constitutional scheme does not make available any powers to the
governor to act beyond the aid and advice of the council of ministers.
c. ensure that the governors enjoy sovereign immunity and as such, no time frame can
be imposed on their functioning.

and c

54
Q22. It is conventionally inconceivable and constitutionally impermissible for any governor to

suggest a name change for the state. As an unelected nominee of the Centre, the governor
__________________________.
a. is expected not to be involved with political controversies let alone ideologies

b. should display statesmanship, not one-upmanship
c. should wantonly indulge in extra-constitutional transgressions

and c
Q23. Although electoral laws let people register at their place of ―ordinary residence‖, most
face difficulties to get residence proof. Moreover, many migrant voters may not be as
intensively involved in the political affairs and interests in their host locations as they are in
their home locations. There is a clear trade-off. Not registering at the host location will
___________________________
a. lead to a lack of interest of political parties in providing facilities to them.

b. provide them with the option to choose the place for registration.
c. not make them miss voting in elections at least once because they were away from
home seeking livelihood options.
A. Only a B. Only a and c C. Only b D. All a, b and c E. None of a, b and c
Given below is a passage with five blanks (A-G). A phrase written in brackets is given
against each blank. Choose the right word from the options which can replace the
phrase most appropriately. If none of the options are fit for replacement, according to
you, then select „None of these' as your answer.
The passage is then followed by a comprehensive question. You've to answer that

correctly.
Remember that infamous episode of Rajeev Masand‘s Roundtable where Rani Mukherjee
made all of us cringe in second-hand embarrassment? She suggested that women who

55
don‘t fight back when they are _____M_____(subjected to aggressive pressure or

intimidation) are at fault, and that compulsory martial arts training would be enough to fix
the problem. It was horrific to watch. Because not only does she _____N____(suggest
something as a logical consequence) physical violence as a solution to a
_____O_____(firmly established at a deep or profound level) systemic issue which
leaves women vulnerable, she also ______P_____(accepts behavior that is considered
morally wrong or offensive) the patriarchal idea of women being responsible for the action
of men around them.
In the film Jaya Jaya Jaya Jaya Hey (2022), it might seem as though the eponymous
protagonist Jaya, or Jayabharati, had taken Rani‘s advice to heart. For her, the only way out
of an _____Q_____(extremely offensive and insulting) marriage, is to learn how to fight
back. When Jaya lands that first kick, the husband is sent flying across the room, crashing
into a table which breaks on impact. The exaggeration in the scene immediately caused me
to _____R_____(suppose that something is true without having evidence to confirm it)
that this had to have taken place in Jaya‘s head.
But the movie entirely subverts that expectation. The scene is not a figment of Jaya‘s
imagination. It has really taken place. The table remains broken. The husband is left with an
ache in his lower abdomen. The dramatization of the scene reminds us that the directors are
not actually suggesting this as a remedy for those facing domestic abuse. It is
_____S____(the use of humour, irony, exaggeration, or ridicule to expose and criticize
people's vices), much in the same club as Darlings (2022) not actually suggesting that one
has to drug and kidnap husbands.
Q24 . She suggested that women who don‘t fight back when they are
_____M_____(subjected to aggressive pressure or intimidation) are at fault, and that
compulsory martial arts training would be enough to fix the problem.
M
a. with their back to the wall
b. under the cosh
c. persecuted

and c

56
Q25 .Because not only does she _____N____(suggest something as a logical

consequence) physical violence
N
a. imply
b. entail
c. inculpate

and c
Q26 . as a solution to a _____O_____(firmly established at a deep or profound level)

systemic issue which leaves women vulnerable,
O
a. perfunctory
b. dyed-in-the-wool
c. entrenched

and c
Q27 she also ______P_____(deliberately ignores behavior that is considered morally

wrong or offensive) the patriarchal idea of women being responsible for the action of men
around them.
P
a. condones
b. makes allowances for
c. winks at

and c

57
Q28. For her, the only way out of a _____Q_____(extremely offensive and insulting)
marriage, is to learn how to fight back.
Q
a. disparaging
b. clement
c. vituperative

and c
Q29. The exaggeration in the scene immediately caused me to _____R_____(suppose that

something is true without having evidence to confirm it) that this had to have taken
place in Jaya‘s head.
R
a. surmise
b. glean
c. discern

and c
Q30. It is _____S____(the use of humor, irony, exaggeration, or ridicule to expose

and criticize people's vices), much in the same club as Darlings (2022) not actually
suggesting that one has to drug and kidnap husbands.
S
a. satire
b. derision
c. paradox

and c

58
Q31. In the film Jaya Jaya Jaya Jaya Hey (2022), what do you think the directors
wanted us to derive from Jaya‟s reactions in the scene where Jaya lands that first
kick and the husband is sent flying across the room, crashing into a table which
breaks on impact?
a. Jaya‘s reactions are meant to highlight just how desperate and bleak the situation
appears to those who face domestic abuse.
b. Jaya‘s reactions suggest plausible solutions to domestic abuse.
c. The director wants us to focus our attention on highlighting the very real apathy of
society towards women through that scene.

and c
In the following question, a table is given with two columns. In column I, three
sentences are given with one blank in each of them. In column II, three phrases /
phrasal verbs are given. You've to choose the correct pairs of the statement and the
phrase / phrasal verb that will fit in that particular sentence correctly and make that
sentence contextually correct.
Q32.
Column I
A. The best chess player in the world would __________ against a supercomputer.
B. Don't you dare ____________ about being at the library. I want to know exactly
where you were tonight.
C. She would really ____________ when she finds out he has gotten a tattoo.
Column II
D. pitch into him
E. pit his wits
F. pitch him a line
A. AE, BF and CD B. AD, BE and CF C. AF, BE and CD D. AE, BD and CF E.

None of the above options
Q33.
Column I

59
A. It took a few weeks, but I think I've to finally __________ at my new job.
B. The man has a lot of influence in the community, so he always steps in whenever his
sons ____________.
C. They always __________ before board meetings, so it's going to be a long couple of
days.
Column II
D. get into a pickle
E. get into a tizzle
F. get into stride
A. AE, BF and CD B. AD, BE and CF C. AF, BE and CD D. AF, BD and CE E.

Q34.
Column I
A. Connie is ___________ because she finished all of her chores early.
B. The crowd's cheering was ____________ when the band finally appeared on stage.
C. You will never find success if you continue to be ______________ with your
teammates.
Column II
D. at a loose end
E. at a fever pitch
F. at cross purposes
A. AE, BF and CD B. AD, BE and CF C. AF, BE and CD D. AF, BD and CE E.

Q35.
Column I

60
A. To the surprise of some, the product has ________________ since it was first
released.
B. Boy, this party has ________________. First, there was the issue with the caterer,
and now half the guests aren't coming.
C. Many people choose to wait until they are married to ________________ with
someone.
Column II
D. become one flesh
E. become sought after
F. become unglued

Q36
Column I
A. After our exams finished, we all decided to get dressed up and ______________.
B. I was about to _____________ after only the first mile of the race. I could barely even
walk for the rest of it!
C. We better _____________ before traffic gets even worse.
Column II
D. paint the town red
E. hit the wall
F. hit the trail

Q37.
Column I
A. I have to get up early for work tomorrow, so I think I'd better ____________.
B. All the soldiers were about to ____________ when the enemy plane flew overhead.
C. When the scandal ____________, all of our investors were liable to pull out of the
company.
Column II

61
D. hit the deck

E. hit the fan
F. hit the hay
A. AE, BF and CD B. AD, BE and CF C. AF, BD and CE D. AE, BD and CF E.

Below are some statements, given in a random order. When these statements are
sequenced properly, they'll form a coherent and meaningful paragraph. There are
various questions based on each of the statements. Read it carefully and answer the
questions that follow.
(a) Otherwise, an exercise started to reboot the film-related bodies in India — the Films
Division(FD), National Film Archives of India(NFAI), Directorate of Film Festivals(DFF),
Children‘s Film Society of India(CFSI), National Film Development Corporation(NFDC)—
would not have ended up in the manner it did on December 31, 2022.
(b) They are waiting to be redeployed in any government department, often as the junior-
most employees.
(c) The whole exercise has been ________ on the basis of recommendations _________ by
an expert committee _________ by retired I&B secretary Bimal Julka.
(d) The greatest lesson we learn from history may be that we learn nothing from history; we
go through the motions and repeat slogans without meaning it.
(e) In effect, the FD, NFAI, DFF and CFSI stand closed and the NFDC with an expanded
charter will supposedly be carrying forward the activities hitherto performed by these defunct
departments in the Information and Broadcasting Ministry.
(f) The reality now is that the infrastructure stands dismantled and all specialists within these
structures have been declared as surplus, without any designations attached to them; there
is absolutely no clarity regarding the status of the employees.
(g) ―The merger of the film media units under a single corporation will lead to synergy
amongst the various activities with better and efficient utilization of infrastructure and
manpower,‖ Javadekar said.

62
(h) In December 2020, the Union cabinet approved the recommendations and the then I&B
minister Prakash Javadekar announced it to the nation.
(a) Otherwise, an exercise started to reboot the film-related bodies in India — the Films
Division(FD), National Film Archives of India(NFAI), Directorate of Film Festivals(DFF),
Children‘s Film Society of India(CFSI), National Film Development Corporation(NFDC)—
would not have ended up in the manner it did on December 31, 2022.
Q38 . Which of the following statements will probably be supported by the author
himself according to the above statement and the entire context?
You need to read other statements to answer this.
a. A recently formed group has been running a social media campaign to rightly protest
against the alleged lack of transparency and accountability, and the arbitrary way in
which the process has been carried out.
b. The FD, CFSI, NFAI and DFF have mandates to serve as public institutions that
produce, promote and safeguard Indian cinema heritage.
c. The merger of film media units under one corporation will lead to convergence of
activities.

and c
(b) They are waiting to be redeployed in any government department, often as the junior-
most employees.
Q39. Which of the following statements about them can be TRUE?
a. They are fine with playing second fiddle to the existing employees in the institution
they want to join.
b. They are certainly worthier than most of the existing employees in the institution they
want to join.
c. They want to be put into position irrespective of the designations.

63

and c
(c) The whole exercise has been _________ on the basis of recommendations _________
by an expert committee _________ by retired I&B secretary Bimal Julka.
Q40. Which of the following THREE VERBS can most appropriately fit in the blanks in
the above statement respectively?
a. undertaken, submitted, headed

b. set about, put forward, administered
c. handled, proffered, led

and c
(d) The greatest lesson we learn from history may be that we learn nothing from history; we
go through the motions and repeat slogans without meaning it.
Q41. Which of the following statements can express what the author has actually
wished in the above statement?
a. We must prevent history from repeating itself by preserving and nurturing freedom
around the world.
b. We see the people making the same mistakes, and falling into the same traps over
and over again. This pitfalls could have been avoided in later generations had they
studied the earlier generation's mistakes and avoided making them again.
c. What experience and history teach is this — that nations and governments have
never learned anything from history, or acted upon any lessons they might have
drawn from it.

64

and c
(e) In effect, the FD, NFAI, DFF and CFSI stand closed and the NFDC with an expanded
charter will supposedly be carrying forward the activities hitherto performed by these defunct
departments in the Information and Broadcasting Ministry.
Q42. Which of the following statements can be said based on the above statement?
a. The government announced the merger of four film media units - Films Division,
Directorate of Film Festivals (DFF), National Film Archive of India (NFAI), and
Children's Film Society of India (CFSI) - with the National Film Development
Corporation (NFDC).
b. The Ministry of Information and Broadcasting (I&B) notified the transfer of the
mandate for the production of documentaries and short films, organisation of film
festivals, and preservation of films to the National Film Development Corporation
(NFDC).
c. The Ministry of Information and Broadcasting transferred the mandate of production
of documentaries and short films, organizing film festivals and preservation of films to
the NFDC, a PSU working under it with an aim to reduce the overlap of various
activities and ensure better utilization of public resources.

and c
(f) The reality now is that the infrastructure stands dismantled and all specialists within these
structures have been declared as surplus, without any designations attached to them; there
is absolutely no clarity regarding the status of the employees.

65
Q43. Which of the following statements can be inferred from the above statement?
a. The arrangement shall have no bearing on any of the service conditions of the
employees of the structures; they shall continue to draw their salaries, allowances
etc. through Films Division.
b. FD employees will now be attached with NFDC.
c. Employees are uncertain about their future and want to know if their benefits as
central government employees will continue when transferred to a public sector utility
(PSU) such as the NFDC.
A. Only b B. Only c C. Only b and c D. All a, b and c E. None of a, b and c
(g) ―The merger of the film media units under a single corporation will lead to synergy
amongst the various activities with better and efficient utilization of infrastructure and
manpower,‖ Javadekar said.
Q44. Which of the following statements can Javadekar make?
a. National Film Development Corporation (NFDC) is an umbrella organization which

ensures promotion, production and preservation of filmic content under one
management.
b. The merger of film media units under one corporation will lead to convergency of
activities and resources and better coordination.
c. While one will have to wait and see how this merger pans out, multiple functions
being clubbed into a single body may lead to over centralisation.

and c


66
A. a h e g
B. h e g f
C. i a e c
D. c g d f
(h) In December 2020, the Union cabinet approved the recommendations and the then I&B
minister Prakash Javadekar announced it to the nation.
Q46. How would you describe the structure of the above statement?
a. telling and communicative

b. factual and matter-of-fact
c. edifying and revealing
A. Only a B. Only a and c C. Only b D. Only c E. None of a, b and c
Q47 . Which of the following combinations is the combination of FOUR

CONSECUTIVE statements after the correct rearrangement?
A. a h e g
B. h e g f
C. i a e c
D. c g d f
Directions : In each of the given questions, a sentence is given with a blank. Choose
the most appropriate word to fill in the given blank to make the sentence correct and
meaningful.
48) She quit her job to go ___________ around the globe.


67
a) rambling
b) facile
c) gallivanting
A) Only a and c
B) Only b and c
C) Only a and b
D) All a, b, and c
E) None of the above.
49) At our school, you were required to ____________, and there was no place for
originality.
a) Conform
b) Assault
c) Acquiesce
A) Only a and b
B) Only b and c
C) Only a and c
D) All a, b, and c
50) Some web users were _________, calling Ryanair inappropriate or insensitive to the
real suffering caused by COVID-19.
a) surprised
b) aghast
c) astounded
A) Only a and b

68
B) Only b and c
C) Only a and c
D) All a, b, and c
51) The college cannot __________ any behaviour that involves illicit drugs.
a) accept
b) condone
c) impasse
A) Only a and b
B) Only b and c
C) Only a and c
D) All a, b, and c
Single fillers
Directions : In this question, a sentence is given with a blank. Choose the most
appropriate WORD/S to fill in the given blank to make the sentence correct and
meaningful.
52) The college cannot _______ any behaviour that involves illicit drugs.
1. allow
2. condone
3. accept
A) Only 1
B) Both 2 and 3
C) Only 1 and 2

69
D) Both 1 and 3
E) All 1, 2 and 3
53) Under pressure from the media, the president remained ________ and refused to be
threatened by the difficult questions.
1. edgy
2. collected
3. imperturbable
A) Only 1
B) Both 2 and 3
C) Only 1 and 2
D) Both 1 and 3
E) All 1, 2 and 3
54) Liverpool used their good fortune to forge an ________ lead.
1. enchanted
2. unbeatable
3. impregnable
A) Only 1
B) Both 2 and 3
C) Only 1 and 2
D) Both 1 and 3
E) All 1, 2 and 3
55) He _______ her with a colourful account of that afternoon's meeting.
1. amused

70
2. regaled
3. fascinated
A) Only 1
B) Both 2 and 3
C) Only 1 and 2
D) Both 1 and 3
E) All 1, 2 and 3
56) We arrived at this road and crawled through the _________ before climbing the hill.
1. conduit
2. culvert
3. largesse
A) Only 1
B) Both 2 and 3
C) Both 1 and 2
D) Both 1 and 3
E) All 1, 2 and 3
Directions : In the following passage, some of the phrases have been left out. Each of
the blank is indicated by a letter. Find the suitable choice for each blank.
India's 5G smartphone shipments will exceed that of 4G shipments by the end of next year,
_______________(A)_____________ and the rise in sale of handsets in the lower-price
bands, market research firm Counterpoint said on Thursday. Although
___________________________ (B)________________ due to component supply issues
and macroeconomic factors, 5G will continue to push smartphone demand in 2023 as well,

71
Counterpoint added. 5G data speed in India is expected to be about 10 times faster than
that of 4G, with the network _______________(C)__________________ like self-driving
cars and artificial intelligence. 5G handset share in the lower-price band (less than 20,000
rupees or $241.55) is _______________ (D)____________ to 30 per cent in 2023 from 4
per cent last year, Counterpoint said. India's telecom leader Reliance is working with
Alphabet Inc's Google to launch a budget 5G smartphone after it emerged as the biggest
spender in India's $19 billion 5G spectrum auction in August. Cumulative 5G smartphone
shipments ____________________(E)________________ and surpass 4G smartphone
shipments by the end of next year, according to Counterpoint.
57. Which of the following phrases can appropriately fit in position A?
1. driven by the mass adoption of the high-speed network
2. motivated by the various innovations through AI
3. because 5G wireless technology is meant to deliver higher multi-Gbps peak data speeds
A) Only 1
B) Both 2 and 3
C) Only 1 and 2
D) Both 1 and 3
E) All 1, 2 and 3
Q.58) Which of the following phrases can appropriately fit in position B?
1. the smartphone industry has been steadily developing and growing in market size and
models
2. India's overall smartphone shipments are estimated to see a yearly decline this year
3. Indian smartphone shipments reached 36.4 million units, a 5% increase from the previous
quarter
A) Only 1
B) Both 2 and 3
C) Only 2

72
D) Both 1 and 3
E) All 1, 2 and 3
Q.59) Which of the following phrases can appropriately fit in position C?
1. seen as a gold mine for advanced machinery
2. seen as vital for emerging technologies
3. seen as useful as an ashtray on a motorbike for advanced technologies
A) Only 1
B) Both 2 and 3
C) Only 1 and 2
D) Both 1 and 3
E) All 1, 2 and 3
60) Which of the following phrases can appropriately fit in position D?
1. expected to shoot up
2. anticipated to decline
3. expected to surge
A) Only 1
B) Both 2 and 3
C) Only 1 and 2
D) Both 1 and 3
E) All 1, 2 and 3
61) Which of the following idiom(s) or word(s) can give the exact meaning of the
highlighted word to launch?

73
1. lead-in
2. lead-off
3. start the ball rolling
A) Only 1
B) Both 2 and 3
C) Only 1 and 2
D) Both 1 and 3
E) All 1, 2 and 3
62) Which of the following phrases can appropriately fit in position E?
1. is expected to drive demand for smartphones in 2023
2. will cross the 100-million mark in the second quarter of 2023
3. show the growth of 5G in the budget segment to be limited in the next quarter of the year
A) Only 1
B) Both 2 and 3
C) Only 1 and 2
D) Both 1 and 3
E) All 1, 2 and 3
Directions : In the question given below, a short paragraph is given. Select the
answer choice that provides the combination of sentences that completes the
passage that is contextually correct and in the question that follows, choose the
option that represents the central idea of the paragraph.
Q.63) The number of workers in agriculture was 188 million, or 42.5% of the total workforce,
in 2018–19; it had been dropping regularly since 2004–05 (49%). Thanks to the reverse
migration due to the sudden Covid lockdown in March, 2020, that share rose to 45.6% in
2020 and then went up further to 46.5% of the total workforce in 2021. More importantly, for
the first time in India‘s post-independence economic history, the absolute number of workers

74
in agriculture was falling, as was anticipated, in the shift from traditional to non-traditional
sectors by Nobel economist Arthur Lewis (Lewis, 1954). For 15 years, that process
continued, until 2019. However,
___________________________________________________________
_________________.
1. between 2012 and 2021, a falling trend was seen in the number of casual wage workers.
2. the absolute number of workers in agriculture rose dramatically—not only in 2020 (a

shocking 45 million) but also continued to rise in 2021 (another 7 million).
3. the exact number cannot be assessed accurately, the fact remains that agriculture saw an
unprecedented increase in workers of 45 million in 2020, compared to 2019, and another 7
million in 2021.
A) Only 1
B) Both 2 and 3
C) Only 1 and 2
D) Both 1 and 3
E) All 1, 2 and 3
64) What can be said about migrant workers, according to the given paragraph?
1. A majority of them had migrated to other states or to cities to work mainly in construction,
where wages are higher.
2. These migrant workers prefer agricultural practices, which can give the impression that
employment is increasing, and unemployment is falling in this particular field.
64. These are probably erstwhile cultivators who owned land and have had to return to
farming, even though farming is not their first preference.
A) Only 1
B) Both 2 and 3
C) Only 1 and 2
D) Both 1 and 3
E) All 1, 2 and 3

75
65) If the lockdown due to the pandemic has lowered your spirits and you are looking for
exercises to keep fit, Zumba fitness is your best bet! Zumba, one of the most fun and
versatile fitness programmes of our times, is an excellent cardio workout that has its roots in
Columbia. Once tried, _________________________________________________.
Among its benefits, the prominent one is that Zumba is a great stress buster. You are
burning calories, toning up, sweating, and giving out an excellent glow.
1. you will see physical health benefits as well as some psychological benefits.
2. you will be addicted to carrying out Zumba fitness as it transforms you and your lifestyle
completely.
3. you will lose weight and improve your coordination skills.
A) Only 1
B) Both 2 and 3
C) Only 1 and 2
D) Both 1 and 3
E) All 1, 2 and 3
66) Which of the following best sums up the central theme of the paragraph?
1. Zumba activity is undoubtedly invigorating and freshens one up.
2. Zumba improves cognitive skills, relieves stress and brings enthusiasm into our life.
3. Zumba is an inclusive workout activity.
A) Only 1
B) Both 2 and 3
C) Only 1 and 2
D) Both 1 and 3
E) All 1, 2 and 3

76
Directions : In the following passage, some of the phrases have been left out. Each
of the blank is indicated by a letter. Find the suitable choice for each blank.
67) Which of the following phrases can appropriately fit in position A?
A) Only 1
B) Both 2 and 3
C) Only 1 and 2
D) Both 1 and 3
E) All 1, 2 and 3
68) Which of the following phrases can appropriately fit in position B?
models

77
quarter
A) Only 1
B) Both 2 and 3
C) Only 2
D) Both 1 and 3
E) All 1, 2 and 3
69) Which of the following phrases can appropriately fit in position C?
A) Only 1
B) Both 2 and 3
C) Only 1 and 2
D) Both 1 and 3
E) All 1, 2 and 3
A) Only 1
B) Both 2 and 3
C) Only 1 and 2

78
D) Both 1 and 3
E) All 1, 2 and 3
1. lead-in
2. lead-off
A) Only 1
B) Both 2 and 3
C) Only 1 and 2
D) Both 1 and 3
E) All 1, 2 and 3
A) Only 1
B) Both 2 and 3
C) Only 1 and 2
D) Both 1 and 3
E) All 1, 2 and 3
ANSWER

79
c - Incorrect.
chaperone - a person who accompanies and looks after another person or group of
people.)
2.(Answer - D. All a, b and c)
a and c means - dirty.
scrubbed - clean.)
All these idioms mean - quarrels, fights or altercations.)
All the idioms mean - drunk or inebriated.)
kick back - to relax.
a and b mean - to panic or be scared.)
unlooked-for - unexpected; unforeseen.)
b and c mean - victim.
a - Incorrect. It means - attacker.)
9.(Answer - B. h g f b

80
The correct arrangement is -
d a e c h g f b)
Refer to - months of deliberation has led her to the conclusion that she no longer has what it
takes to continue.
That means, she quit her role.
Hence, c is eliminated.
b - Incorrect.
Because quitting her role wasn't her wish, it was her decision.
Refer to - As unexpected as her resolution is, it is in keeping with Ardern‟s image as a prime
minister who walks the talk.
resolution - decision or resolve.
yearn - wish.
stick to one's guns - refuse to compromise or change, despite criticism.)
Refer to - As unexpected as her resolution is, it is in keeping with Ardern‟s image as a prime
minister who walks the talk. In the masculinisation of political discourse, Ardern‟s
leadership made possible on a global stage a realization of grace, efficiency and that
other thing that she hopes will be her legacy — “someone who always tried to be
kind”.
walk the talk - To perform actions consistent with one's claims.

All three facts about her can be validated.)
c - Incorrect.
put the screws on - exert strong psychological pressure on (someone) so as to intimidate
them into doing something.
This isn't appropriate here.)

81
13.(Answer - C. Only b
a - Incorrect. It's purely contradictory.
c - Incorrect. It's out of context.)
The entire tone of the author on India is very positive.

Hence, a and b are absolutely correct.
c - Incorrect. It's self-contradictory.)
All these are the ways a kid can be exposed to harmful content.)
16.(Answer - A. Only a
anonymity - the condition of being anonymous.
b - Incorrect. This doesn't make sense.
c - Incorrect. This does not make sense either.)
whittle down - to gradually reduce the size of something.
a is absolutely right.
b - Correct.
c - Incorrect.
The phrase 'different scale of the destruction' is nonspecific.)
b and c - Incorrect. These are contradictory.)

82
According to the definition of monument, only a is correct.
c - Incorrect. It's irrelevant.)

c - Incorrect. Contrary to the tone.)
c - Incorrect. It's purely contradictory as like-minded regional parties will not be in

support of the governors.)
one-upmanship - the technique or practice of gaining an advantage or feeling of superiority

over another person.
c - Incorrect.
wantonly - in an unprovoked way.
transgression - an act that goes against a law, rule, or code of conduct; an offence.
It‟s contradictory to the said role of the governor.)
23.(Answer - A. Only a
b - Incorrect. It's irrelevant.
c - Incorrect. It's irrelevant too.)
All mean - harassed or tormented.)
imply / entail - (of a fact or occurrence) suggest (something) as a logical consequence.

83
inculpate - accuse or blame.)
b and c - deep-rooted or deep-seated.
perfunctory - carried out without real interest, feeling, or effort.)
All mean - turn a blind eye to or take no notice of.)
a and c - abusive.
clement - mild.)
surmise / glean - to suppose that something is true without having evidence to confirm it or
to guess.
discern - recognize or find out.)
paradox - a seemingly absurd or contradictory statement or proposition which when

investigated may prove to be well founded or true.)
Refer to -
The dramatization of the scene reminds us that the directors are not actually suggesting
this as a remedy for those facing domestic abuse. It is satire, much in the same club as
Darlings (2022) not actually suggesting that one has to drug and kidnap husbands.

84
Hence, b is contradictory.)
32.(Answer - A. AE, BF and CD
pit (one's) wits against (someone or something) - To engage in a contest of intelligence

with someone or something.
pitch (one) a line - To tell a lie or only part of the truth in order to convince one of
something or to avoid the consequences of something.
pitch into one - To verbally or physically attack or assault one.)
33.(Answer - D. AF, BD and CE
get into stride - To become comfortable with something.
get into a pickle - To become involved in a difficult, problematic, or troublesome situation.
get into a tizzle - To become nervous, confused, agitated, or overly excited.)

34.(Answer - B. AD, BE and CF
be at a loose end - To have nothing to do, often resulting in boredom.
be at a fever pitch - To be in a state of great excitement, fervor, or agitation.
be at cross purpose - To be in conflict with or in opposition to someone or something.
35.(Answer - A. AE, BF and CD
become sought after - To become very popular with or in high demand by a lot of people.
become unglued - To become extremely upset or emotional.
become one flesh - To join together with another person in marriage.)
36.(Answer - B. AD, BE and CF

85
paint the town red - To go out into a city or town and have an enjoyable time, typically by
visiting various establishments, such as bars, restaurants, clubs, etc.
hit the wall - To become completely exhausted, fatigued, or worn out.
hit the trail - To leave.)
37.(Answer - C. AF, BD and CE
hit the hay - To get into bed and go to sleep.

hit the deck - To drop to the ground, usually in an attempt to avoid danger.
hit the fan - To become more of a problem or more widespread or publicized.)
The author is clearly against the merger of the film bodies. It's clear in his tone in the
statement.
Hence, a and b will certainly be supported by him.
c - Incorrect. It's contradictory.)
Refer to - They are waiting to be redeployed in any government department, often as the
junior-most employees.
That means, they want to be put into position irrespective of the designations.
Also, they are fine with playing second fiddle to the existing employees in the
institution they want to join.
play second fiddle - have a subordinate role to someone or something.
b - Incorrect. How can you say that?)

undertake / set about / handle - commit oneself to and begin (an enterprise or
responsibility); take on.

86
submit / put forward / proffer - present (a proposal, application, or other document) to a

person or body for consideration or judgement.
head / administer / lead - be in charge of.)
The German philosopher Georg Hegel famously said, “The only thing that we learn
from history is that we learn nothing from history.” This is a worrying thought
because there is so much that went wrong when we look at world history.
The author sounds disappointed in the statement. Besides, the entire context is
telling that.
Therefore, he can make all three statements.)
c - Incorrect.
It can't be said that the aim was to reduce the overlap of various activities and ensure
better utilization of public resources.
Maybe it's true. But, from the above statement, it can't be said.)
43.(Answer - B. Only c
Refer to - The reality now is that the infrastructure stands dismantled and all specialists
within these structures have been declared as surplus, without any designations
attached to them; there is absolutely no clarity regarding the status of the employees.
Hence, it can be said that Employees are uncertain about their future and want to
know if their benefits as central government employees will continue when
transferred to a public sector utility (PSU) such as the NFDC.
b - Incorrect.
Since there is no clarity, it can't be inferred.
a - Incorrect.
It's contradictory.)

87
c - Incorrect. This statement can be made by a critic.
over centralization - concentration by placing power and authority in a center or central

organization to an excessive degree
45.(Answer - C. i a e c
d a e c h g f b)
46.(Answer - C. Only b
factual - concerned with what is actually the case.

matter-of-fact - a practical fact.
telling - having a striking or revealing effect; significant.
edifying - providing moral or intellectual instruction.
revealing - making interesting or significant information known, especially of a personal

nature.)
47.(Answer - C. i a e c
d a e c h g f b)
48.Answer: A
EXPLANATION:
The sentence says that she quit her job because she wants to wander around from one
place to another for entertainment or pleasure.
Words' meanings:
Ramble: to walk in the countryside for pleasure
Gallivant: to go from place to place enjoying yourself, not worrying about your
responsibilities

88
Facile: (used about a comment, argument, etc.) not carefully thought out (Doesn't fit
grammatically and contextually).
Both "gallivanting" and "rambling" will contextually and grammatically fit in this blank.
49.Answer: C
The given sentence says that we have to behave according to the usual standards of the
school.
Words' meaning:
Conform: to behave according to the usual standards of behaviour that are expected by a
group or society; to obey a rule or law.
Acquiesce: to accept or agree to something, often unwillingly.
Assault: a sudden attack on somebody/something. (Doesn't fit contextually).
Both "Acquiesce" and "Conform" will contextually and grammatically fit in this blank.
Hence, option C is the correct answer.
50.Answer: D
The given sentence says that web users are filled with shock and called Ryanair
inappropriate for COVID-19 patients.
Aghast: filled with horror and surprise when you see or hear something
Astounded: great surprise or wonder
All words are synonyms of one another.
51.Answer: A
Explanation:
We need a base form of the verb to modify the modal "can".
Only a and b are verbs, while c is a noun.
The given sentence talks about the wrong behaviour that can't be ignored by the college.

89
Impasse: a difficult situation in which no progress can be made because the people
involved cannot agree what to do
Candone: to accept or allow behaviour that is wrong
Both "Candone" and "accept" will contextually and grammatically fit in this blank.
52.Answer: E
Condone: Verb: To accept or allow behaviour that is wrong; accept; allow
53.Answer: B
imperturbable: Adjective: not disturbed or excited easily.
collected: calm and in control of yourself, your feelings, thoughts, etc.
edgy: nervous, worried or quick to become upset or angry (contextually opposite)
54.Answer: B
Impregnable: Adjective: unable to be defeated or overcome; unbeatable
enchanted: pleased or very interested (contextually incorrect)
55.Answer: E
regaled: Verb: entertain or amuse (someone) with talk; fascinate.
56.Answer: C
culvert: Noun: a pipe for water that goes under a road, etc; conduit
Largesse: noun: willingness to give money, or money given to poor people by rich people
(out of context).
57.Answer: C
58.Answer: C
59.Answer: C
As useful as an ashtray on a motorbike: Utterly ineffectual, worthless, or unnecessary.
60.Answer: D
Shoot up: to increase by a large amount; surge

90
61.Answer: B
Start the ball rolling: to do something that starts an activity
Lead-off: beginning a series or a process.
Lead-in: something that introduces something else, such as the words and music that are
used to introduce a television programme
62.Answer: C
C: limited (contextually incorrect)
63.Answer: B
64.Answer: B
Statement 1: mainly in construction (can‘t be said).
Statement 2: Thanks to the reverse migration due to the sudden Covid lockdown in March,
2020, that share rose to 45.6% in 2020 and then went up further to 46.5% of the total
workforce in 2021. (hinting that the agriculture sector has a lot of employment, otherwise
why would people return to engage in agriculture?)
Statement 3: the absolute number of workers in agriculture was falling, as was anticipated,
in the shift from traditional to non-traditional sectors by Nobel economist Arthur Lewis
(Lewis, 1954). (it can depict that farming is not their first preference of these workers,
that‟s why they went to other cities)
65.Answer: E
All can fit in the above blank.
66.Answer: D
Statement 1: Among its benefits, the prominent one is that Zumba is a great stress buster
(can give a feeling of freshening up). You are burning calories (invigorating, more
energetic), toning up, sweating, and giving out an excellent glow.
Statement 2: cognitive skills: are brain-based skills that are needed in the acquisition of
knowledge, manipulation of information, and reasoning (there is no information regarding
this in the given paragraph)
Statement 3: it can easily be inferred from the above paragraph. Inclusive - including
many different types of things, here it is used to describe the numerous benefits that

91
zumba includes - burning calories, toning up, sweating, and giving out an excellent
glow.
67.Answer: C
68.Answer: C
69.Answer: C
70.Answer: D
71.Answer: B
72.Answer: C

92
CHAPTER 3 - PHRASAL VERB

In the passage below, there are TWO BLANKS in some of the lines. There will be A
PHRASAL VERB and A PHRASE in those two blanks. Choose the right combination(s)
for each line.
Is it possible to have a cinema of kindness? Before __________ this article, I googled the
phrase to see if such __________________. __________________ but a list of films
____________ that deal with kindness in one way or the other. That was not the result I was
looking for.
I recently began thinking about the cinema of kindness after watching a new Malayalam film,
Saudi Vellakka, which is currently available on an OTT platform. I also held several
conversations with friends regarding this aspect of the film and followed others on social
media. I'd love to __________ that the film has successfully led to a discussion on
__________________________ and its depiction in cinema. Now, it can be argued if we
need cinema to learn kindness. Isn‘t it a given already? Isn‘t it already there in all forms of
art? After all, who wants didactic art? While all these are valid questions, there is no denying
the
fact that there is _______________________ in the times we __________. To such an

extent that kindness seems to be perennially under threat. I, therefore, couldn‘t stress more
the necessity of a cinema of kindness.
Saudi Vellakka _________ the misery of an old woman and her long-drawn-out court case;
a large part of the film also revolves around the courtroom and offers a critique of the judicial
system where __________________________________. In the film, the old woman hits a
child in a fit of rage and repents it. This event then becomes the pivot around which the
remainder of her life revolves. It can clearly be said from the film that this woman hasn‘t had
a very rewarding life. In fact, though the film doesn‘t _____________ a flashback or make
any attempt to reveal her past story, her present life is _____________________ she must
have had to endure.
Is it possible to have a cinema of kindness? Before __________ this article, I googled

the phrase to see if such __________________.

93
1. Which of the following pairs of a PHRASAL VERB and a PHRASE can most
appropriately fit in the blanks in the above statement respectively?
a. putting down, such a coinage exists

b. bringing forth, such a disquisition exists
c. setting down, such a neology exists

and c
__________________ but a list of films ____________ that deal with kindness in one
way or the other. That was not the result I was looking for.
2. Which of the following pairs of a PHRASE and a PHRASAL VERB can most
a. I met with no success, showed up

b. I didn't pass muster, turned up
c. I got somewhere, came out

and c
Q3. I'd love to __________ that the film has successfully led to a discussion on
__________________________ and its depiction in cinema.
a. stow away, the fact that kindness sometimes has the connotation that someone is
naive, weak, or even submissive
b. put forward, the necessity of kindness in contemporary society
c. put across, this small and simple word - kindness - that carries such a weight of
meaning

94

and c
Q4. While all these are valid questions, there is no denying the fact that there is
_______________________ in the times we __________.
4. Which of the following pairs of a PHRASE and a PHRASAL VERB can most
a. a constant erosion of kindness, bide in

b. a constant withering of goodwill, stay in
c. a constant dissolution of benevolence, sojourn in

and c
a. zeroes in, cases continue to drag on for years while people await a closure
b. homes in on, cases continue to keep up indefinitely while people anticipate a
conclusion
c. ranges in, cases continue to keep up for keeps while people look for a cessation

and c
In fact, though the film doesn‟t come up with a flashback or make any attempt to
reveal her past story, her present life is an indication of the many hardships she must
have had to endure.
a. come up with, an indication of the many hardships

95
b. bob up, a demonstration of the many tribulations

c. put up, a manifestation of the many afflictions

and c
Q7.
Column I
A. I ____________ my friend in the accounting department yesterday.

B. After his third offense, the judge ____________ the criminal, making parole all but an
impossibility.
C. You _____________ everything we propose, but you didn't contribute some
constructive suggestions for a change.
Column II
D. threw stones at
E. threw the book at
F. threw the bull around with

Q8
Column I
A. I was used to _________________ during most of college, since I could only get part-
time jobs that paid minimum wage.
B. It must be a shock for them having to count their pennies like this—they're used to
________________, after all.
C. I feel like I'm _________________ at this new company. They have security cameras
posted everywhere watching our every move.

96
Column II
D. living high off the hog

E. living in a fishbowl
F. living from hand to mouth
A. AE, BF and CD B. AD, BE and CF C. AF, BD and CE D. AE, BD and CF E.

Q9.
Column I
A. This ____________ is nothing to laugh about, brother. It could ruin our company's
reputation!
B. His one _____________ was when he won the state championships in wrestling
when he was a senior in high school—and he still talks about it any chance he gets.
C. He'll be fine. He's just got a bit of a ____________ because he was passed over for
the promotion.
Column II
D. bruised ego
E. brush with greatness
F. brush with the law

ANSWER
put down / set down - to write.
coinage / neology - a newly invented word or phrase.

97
bring forth - produce or give rise to something.

disquisition - a long or elaborate essay or discussion on a particular subject.)
not pass muster - not succeed.
show up / turn up / come out - appear to become visible.
get somewhere - to make progress.)
put across / put forward - to opine or hold and state as one's opinion.
stow away - to hide.
The film depicts kindness as a very positive thing.

Hence, both phrases in b and c are correct.)
dissolution / withering - erosion.
All phrasal verbs mean - to reside or live in.)
All phrasal verbs mean - to focus on.
for keeps - indefinitely.

cessation - closure.)
come up with / put up - provide.
tribulation / affliction - hardship.

98
bob up - to move up and appear quickly.

It doesn't make sense here.)
7.(Answer - C. AF, BE and CD
throw the bull around - To chat (with someone) in a relaxed, casual, and idle manner.
throw the book at - To apply all possible criminal charges to a lawbreaker; to impose the
maximum possible punishment or jail sentence against a convicted criminal.
throw stones at - To hurl insults or criticisms (at someone or something).
8.(Answer - C. AF, BD and CE
live from hand to mouth - To be extremely poor, having only enough money to provide
food and shelter each month.
live high off the hog - To prosper or otherwise live very well. It refers to the rich being able
to afford the choicest cut of meat, which, from a pig, is higher up on the animal.
live in a fishbowl - To live one's life in a place, situation, or environment in which they have
little or no privacy.)
9.(Answer - C. AF, BE and CD
brush with the law - A brief encounter with law enforcement or the legal system in general,
especially one that has the potential to have very serious or harmful ramifications.
brush with greatness - A brief or fleeting experience of intense success, renown, glory, etc.
bruised ego - A mildly wounded sense of pride or self-esteem.)

99
CHAPTER - 4 CLOZE TEST

Given below is a passage with five blanks (A-E). An IDIOM written in brackets is
given against each blank. Choose the right word from the options which can replace
the
IDIOM most appropriately. If none of the options are fit for replacement, according to
you, then select
„None of these' as your answer.
The roads of Delhi remain as unsafe and authorities as ______A_____(as hard as nails)
and apathetic. A woman‘s body is dragged for reportedly almost 10 km or more on the roads
of Delhi on what is usually one of the most patrolled nights of the year, in a car whose
occupants are _____B_____(off their faces) and no patrolling official notices them or stops
them. A few concerned citizens who do witness this horror call up the PCR and yet, from the
time the first call was received to the time the body of the woman was found, crucial hours
were lost making the chances of her survival ______C______(be on a hiding to nothing)
with every passing minute. Today, when the driver and the occupants of the car are charged
with ―culpable homicide not amounting to murder, causing death by negligence and criminal
conspiracy‖, is the negligence theirs alone? While it is yet to be established if another form
of violence was also committed against the woman, it does not take away from the fact that
the right to be _____D_____(off the hook) and alive that does not come at the cost of one‘s
freedom should be for all, irrespective of gender, class, caste or any other location. And this
requires a pro-active acceptance of responsibility by the state to make spaces freer and
safer for all.
An equally compelling question is also around how the state and its institutions treat the
victims, survivors and their families when they do not come from a location of
______E_____(holding all the cards). That the surviving members of the victim‘s family
feel a deep mistrust for the police, their versions, and have to depend on media reports (not
always the most reliable) to find the details of what happened, should ______F_____(give
us all the jitters) and most of all, the police themselves. In due time, the medical and other
reports will confirm whether this was a case of any kind of violence, a hit and run or perhaps
something different, but the fact is that when victims come from contexts of marginality,
______G______(stumbling block) and struggle, they become ―less human‖ for both the
perpetrators as well as the keepers of law and order.

100
Q1 The roads of Delhi remain as unsafe and authorities as ______A_____(as hard as

nails) and apathetic.
.A
a. stringent
b. callous
c. unfeeling

and c
Q2 A woman‘s body is dragged for reportedly almost 10 km or more on the roads of Delhi
on what is usually one of the most patrolled nights of the year, in a car whose occupants are
_____B_____(off their faces) and no patrolling official notices them or stops them.
.B
a. befuddled
b. inebriated
c. temperate

and c
Q3 A few concerned citizens who do witness this horror call up the PCR and yet, from the
time the first call was received to the time the body of the woman was found, crucial hours
were lost making the chances of her survival ______C______(be on a hiding to nothing)
with every passing minute.
.C
a. bleak
b. sombre
c. unpropitious

101

and c
Q4. While it is yet to be established if another form of violence was also committed against
the woman, it does not take away from the fact that the right to be _____D_____(off the
hook) and alive that does not come at the cost of one‘s freedom should be for all,
irrespective of gender, class, caste or any other location.
.D
a. sheltered
b. fail-safe
c. invulnerable

and c
Q5. An equally compelling question is also around how the state and its institutions treat
the victims, survivors and their families when they do not come from a location of
______E_____(holding all the cards).
.E
a. privilege
b. prerogative
c. yielding

and c

102
Q6 That the surviving members of the victim‘s family feel a deep mistrust for the police,
their versions, and have to depend on media reports (not always the most reliable) to find
the details of what happened, should ______F_____(give us all the jitters) and most of all,
the police themselves.
.F
a. discomfit us
b. discompose us
c. unnerve us

and c
Q7 In due time, the medical and other reports will confirm whether this was a case of any
kind of violence, a hit and run or perhaps something different, but the fact is that when
victims come from contexts of marginality, ______G______(stumbling block) and struggle,
they become ―less human‖ for both the perpetrators as well as the keepers of law and order.
.G
a. snag
b. edge
c. impediment

and c
A sentence is given. The sentence is divided into four parts. One of the parts may
contain an error. You've to find that part with the error. If no error is found, choose E
as your answer.
Q8. It was traditionally used by shepherds / and milkwomen / on summer dairy farms / in the
high mountains, as a signal-instrument.

103
A. It was traditionally used by shepherds

B. and milkwomen
C. on summer dairy farms
D. in the high mountains, as a signal-instrument.
E. No error
Q9 A hundred rupees note has immense value / because people accept it / as a symbolic
medium / of exchange.
A. A hundred rupees note has immense value

B. because people accept it
C. as a symbolic medium
D. of exchange.
E. No error
Q10. The three left for the school office; / Betsy, with a slight smile on her face, Molly looking
excited / and Julie wondering if she was dead man walking; / their school's name is Elena
Day School.
A. The three left for the school office;

B. Betsy, with a slight smile on her face, Molly looking excited
C. and Julie wondering if she was dead man walking;
D. their school's name is Elena Day School.
E. No error
Q11. These things would pass away; / here were lakes and woods / and broad daisy-starred
fields / and sweet-breathed meadows, and they shall endure forever.
A. These things would pass away;

104
B. here were lakes and woods

C. and broad daisy-starred fields
D. and sweet-breathed meadows, and they shall endure forever.
E. No error
Q12. The fractured edge of the bowl is heated, / trimmed with scissor and melted so as to be
perfectly smooth and even, / and the bowl itself receives / its final form from the sugar-tongs
tool.
A. The fractured edge of the bowl is heated

B. trimmed with scissor and melted so as to be perfectly smooth and even,
C. and the bowl itself receives
D. its final form from the sugar-tongs tool.
E. No error
Q13. They came to me and they asked me / to accompany them this year to Medjugorje; /
but I have many works, / still I accepted immediately.
A. They came to me and they asked me

B. to accompany them this year to Medjugorje;
C. but I have many works,
D. still I accepted immediately.
E. No error
A sentence is given. The sentence is divided into four parts. One of the parts may
contain an error. You've to find that part with the error. If no error is found, choose E
as your answer.

105
Q14. Rafael and his wife desperately want / a week's vacation, / because he wants to go to
the lake / and fish to his heart's contents.
A. Rafael and his wife desperately want

B. a week's vacation,
C. because he wants to go to the lake
D. and fish to his heart's contents
E. No error
Q15. In the second act there was sceneries / representing tombstones,/ there was a round
hole in the canvas to represent the moon,/ shades were raised over the footlights.
A. In the second act there was sceneries

B. representing tombstones,
C. there was a round hole in the canvas to represent the moon,
D. shades were raised over the footlights.
E. No error
Q16. When one takes into account / that the next article of the declaration / decreed death
for domestic thiefhood,/ the legislation is not relatively cruel.
A. When one takes into account

B. that the next article of the declaration
C. decreed death for domestic thiefhood,
D. the legislation is not relatively cruel.
E. No error
Q17. Young vixen can be tamed / to a certain extent, / and do not then emit the well-known
odour / to any great degree unless excited.

106
A. Young vixen can be tamed

B. to a certain extent
C. and do not then emit the well-known odour
D. to any great degree unless excited.
E. No error
Q18 . I absolutely want my sundae / with chocolate sauce / and my sister wants her's with
caramel sauce;/ but our parents were scolding us for being stubborn.
A. I absolutely want my sundae

B. with chocolate sauce
C. and my sister wants her's with caramel sauce;
D. but our parents were scolding us for being stubborn.
E. No error
Q19. The rise of technology and industry may have distanced us superficially from nature, /
but it has not changed our reliance on the planet earth: / most of what we use and consume
on a daily basis / remains the product he produces and provides.
A. The rise of technology and industry may have distanced us superficially from nature,
B. but it has not changed our reliance on the planet earth:
C. most of what we use and consume on a daily basis
D. remains the product he produces and provides.
E. No error
Directions : In the following passage, some of the words have been left out. Each of
Russia‘s unjustifiable _____(A)______ into Ukraine following weeks of military troop _____
(B)_____ on their shared border has drastically raised tensions in the region with broader
ripple effects across the world, particularly for NATO countries and others with strategic
connections to the two nations. Reports said that several Ukrainian cities, including capital
Kyiv, came under attack on Thursday morning, even as the UN Security Council held an
emergency meeting to stop the ______(C)______. U.S. President Joe Biden and the NATO

107
and European Commission leadership vowed to ____(D)_____ ―severe sanctions‖ on

Russia. This round of sanctions will overlay prior economic penalties imposed on Russian
entities and individuals close to the political leadership, and they are expected to include
_____(E)______ top Russian banks from the financial system, halting technology exports,
and directly targeting the Russian President. Moscow can hardly be surprised at this
______(F)______, for it has shown little sympathy toward the idea of engaging
diplomatically on the Ukraine question to address Russian security concerns.
20)Which of the following Words can appropriately fit in the position A?
a) incursion
b) penetration
c) infiltration
(a) Only a and b
(b) Only b and c
(c) Only a and c
(d) All a, b, and c
21. Which of the following words or phrases can appropriately fit in the position B?
a) build in
b) build down
c) build-up
(a) Only a
(b) Only b
(c) Only c
(d) All a, b, and c
22. Which of the following Words can appropriately fit in the position C?

108
a) invasion
b) invade
c) encroachment
(a) Only a and b
(b) Only b and c
(c) Only a and c
(d) All a, b, and c
23. Which of the following Words can appropriately fit in the position D?
a) inflict
b) impose
c) venerate
(a) Only a and b
(b) Only b and c
(c) Only a and c
(d) All a, b, and c
24. Which of the following Phrasal verbs can appropriately fit in the position E?
a) cutting off
b) lopping off

109
c) sticking up
(a) Only a
(b) Only b and c
(c) Only c
(d) Only a and b
(e) All a, b, and c
25. Which of the following Words can appropriately fit in the position F?
a) commiseration
b) backlash
c) repercussion
(a) Only a and b
(b) Only b and c
(c) Only a and c
(d) All a, b, and c
ANSWER
as hard as nails / callous / unfeeling - showing or having an insensitive and cruel

disregard for others.
stringent - (of regulations, requirements, or conditions) strict, precise, and exacting.)


110
The idiom and these two words mean - drunk or under the influence of alcohol.
temperate - showing moderation or self-restraint.)
be on a hiding to nothing - be unlikely to succeed, or be unlikely to gain much advantage if

one does.
All mean - (of a situation) not hopeful or encouraging; unlikely to have a favourable
outcome.)
The idiom and all three words mean - safe and free from danger.)
The idiom and these two words mean - a special right, advantage, or immunity granted or
available only to a particular person or group.)
The idiom and all these words mean - to disturb or perturb or upset or make one anxious.)
The idiom and these two words mean - disadvantage.
edge - advantage.)
8.(Answer - B. and milkwomen
The feminine for milkman is milkmaid, not milkwoman.)

111
9.(Answer - A. A hundred rupees note has immense value
In a COMPOUND NOUN, if a noun qualified by a quantitative adjective is used as an

adjective of another noun then it is kept in singular form since adjectives are never
used in plural forms.
So, it's a hundred rupee note.)
10.(Answer - D. their school's name is Elena Day School.
Avoid using apostrophe with ‟s‟ if the noun is a non-living thing
So, it's - the name of their school)
11.(Answer - E. No error
'woods' is correct.
When used as a plural It means - an area of land covered with a thick growth of trees.)
12.(Answer - B. trimmed with scissor and melted so as to be perfectly smooth and

even,
Scissors is always plural in form but singular or plural in construction.)
13.(Answer - C. but I have many works,
Work as an uncountable noun

We don't use work with the indefinite article (a) or in the plural.
Much work" or "a lot of work." "Work" is uncountable.)
14.(Answer - D. and fish to his heart's contents

112
contents must be replaced with 'content'.
In the given sentence, „content‟ means “a state of satisfaction”. But, „contents‟ mean
„the things that are held or included in something‟.)
15.(Answer - A. In the second act there was sceneries
'Scenery' is an uncountable noun, it cannot be made plural by joining 's/es'.)
16.(Answer - C. decreed death for domestic thiefhood,
The abstract noun from the common noun thief is theft, not thiefhood.)
17.(Answer - A. Young vixen can be tamed
Vixen is the feminine gender of fox, not its plural.

So, it must be replaced with 'foxes'.)
18.(Answer - C. and my sister wants her's with caramel sauce;
Since "hers" is already a possessive pronoun, the correct way to write the sentence
would be like this:
My sister wants hers with caramel sauce.)
19.(Answer - D. remains the product he produces and provides.
The earth is personified and it takes feminine gender.

So, 'he' should be replaced with 'she')
20.Ans: d
Solution: The given sentence is talking about Russia‘s attack on Ukraine.
We need a noun here as unjustifiable is an adjective.

113
Incursion: An aggressive entrance into foreign territory; a raid or invasion; penetration;

infiltration.
All the given words are synonyms of one another.
Hence, option (d) is the correct answer.
21.Ans: c
Solution: The given sentence says that Russia has sent their troop on common border. This
will create more problems between both the nations.
Meanings
Build-up: the process of attaining the required strength of forces and equipment, esp. prior
to an operation; prepare oneself for a military confrontation.
Build down: To reduce or diminish, especially in a systematic numerical fashion: build down
the armed forces in peace time.
Build in: To construct or include as an integral part of: a wall with shelving that was built in;
build stability into the economy.
Only Build-up fits contextually.
Hence, option (c) C is the correct answer.
22.Ans: c
Solution: We need a noun for this blank to come after the article “THE”. Only
―encroachment‖ and ―invasion‖ are the nouns here.
The given sentence talks about the meeting for stopping Russia's attack on Ukraine.
Invasion: An intrusion or encroachment; attack.
Invade {verb}: To encroach or intrude on
Hence, option (c) is the correct answer.
23.Ans: a
Solution: The given sentence says that various groups and organizations are committed to
impose sanctions on Russia, like prohibiting new investment in the Russian Federation.

114
Words‟ meanings:
Inflict: to force someone or something to experience something unpleasant
Impose: to establish something as a rule to be obeyed, or to force the acceptance of

something
(Both contextually fits)
Venerate: to honor or have great respect for. (does not fit)
24.Ans: a
Solution: The given sentence says that various groups and organizations are committed to
impose sanctions on Russia, like prohibiting new investment in the Russian Federation.
Meanings:
Cutting off: To cut someone or something off means to separate them from things that they
are normally connected with. (Fits contextually)
Lopping off: to remove part of something by cutting it, especially to remove branches from
a tree (does not fit contextually)
Sticking up: stealing from a place or person, using a gun as a threat (does not fit
contextually)
25.Ans: b
Solution: The sentence concludes the passage and talks about Russia‘s behavior towards
these mentioned sanctions.
Repercussion: An often indirect effect, influence, or result that is produced by an event or

action.
Backlash: A sudden or violent backward whipping motion.
Commiseration: an expression of sympathy for someone
Only Repercussion and Backlash fit contextually.

115
CHAPTER 5 - Error detection question
Find out the part that contains an error in the following sentences. if there is no error,
mark „No error‟ as your answer. Ignore punctuation mistakes, if any.
Q1. Every of the items (A)/ in the inventory had been (B)/ thoroughly inspected (C)/ before
it was dispatched to the customer (D)/ No error (E)
Q2 Each Sundays, they (A)/ went to their (B)/ aunt‘s house and (C)/ enjoyed her delicious
apple pie (D)/ No error (E)
Q3 There are (A)/ a dozen apples (B)/ in the basket, (C)/ and every is fresh (D)/ No error
(E)
Q4 He is in (A)/ seventh heaven because (B)/ each dream of (C)/ his has been fulfilled (D)/
No error (E)
Q5 There are two (A)/ roads that lead (B)/ to the village, and every is submerged because
(C)/ of the heavy rains last night (D)/ No error (E)
Q6 Both Rani and (A)/ Reena are (B)/ not going home (C)/ this weekend (D)/ No error (E)
Q7 Neither you (A)/ or your friends (B)/ are allowed to (C)/ leave before the final ceremony
(D)/ No error (E)
Q8 Neither boys (A)/ submitted his (B)/ assignment and this (C)/ made the headmaster
infuriated (D)/ No error (E)
Q9 Neither of (A)/ the main courses were (B)/ tasty. Moreover, they were undercooked (C)/
and lacked some essential spices (D)/ No error (E)
Q10 Neither John (A)/ nor his partners (B)/ is interested (C)/ in this proposal (D)/ No error
(E)

116
Q11 The man which (A)/ I met yesterday (B)/ at the theatre (C)/ was a magician (D)/ No
error (E)
Q12 This is (A)/ the same (B)/ lady who won (C)/ the lottery last night (D)/ No error (E)
Q13. This is all (A)/ which I can (B)/ do for you. (C)/ Take it or leave it (D)/ No error (E)
Q14. She donated (A)/ the few old clothes (B)/ which she had (C)/ to the orphanage (D)/ No
error (E)
Q15. The little (A)/ water which (B)/ she had was (C)/ spilt on the floor (D)/ No error (E)
Q16 If he returns (A)/my book, (B)/ I would (C)/ study for the test (D)/ No error (E)
Q17. Had you (A)/ arrived on (B)/ time our trip to (C)/ Japan would not be a failure (D)/ No
error (E)
Q18 If she (A)/ invites me, I (B)/ would attend (C)/ her wedding (D)/ No error (E)
Q19. If I (A)/ were you,(B)/ I will ask (C)/ her for forgiveness (D)/ No error (E)
Q20. If he (A)/ went to France (B)/ with his brother , he (C)/ would have studied art (D)/ No
error (E)
Q21 Avinash is (A)/ one of the (B)/ students who has applied (C)/ for the student exchange
programme (D)/ No error (E)
Q22 There is only (A)/ one of his (B)/ novels which have not (C)/ been a bestseller (D)/ No
error (E)
Q23 Ten boys have (A)/ gone to the (B)/ woods for a picnic (C)/ and one of them are
missing (D)/ No error (E)
Q24 We have (A)/ two boats and (B)/ one of them (C)/ need to be repaired (D)/ No error (E)
Q25 He is one of (A)/ the boys who (B)/ goes to the most (C)/ popular school in the city (D)/
No error (E)
Q26 She gave (A)/ me ten two (B)/ thousand rupees (C)/ notes to buy a new console (D)/ No
error (E)
Q27 Lakhs of thousands of (A)/ people swarmed (B)/ into the mall (C)/to see the popular
actor (D)/ No error (E)
Q28 I usually (A)/ take a handfuls (B)/ of rice to (C)/ make this recipe (D)/ No error (E)

117
Q29 He was so (A)/ thirsty that he (B)/ drank two whole (C)/ glassful of water (D)/ No error
(E)
Q30 Mix this medicine (A)/ with two cupsful (B)/ of water before (C)/ taking it (D)/ No error
(E)
Q31 Rohan works (A)/ harder than (B)/ all the employees (C)/ in his company (D)/ No error
(E)
Q32 The weather (A)/ of Bengaluru (B)/ is more pleasant (C)/ than Mumbai (D)/ No error (E)
Q33 Ravi is (A)/ stronger than (B)/ all the boys (C)/ in the class (D)/ No error (E)
Q34 Silver is more (A)/ ductile than all metals, (B)/ but it is not (C)/ widely used in making
wires (D)/No error (E)
Q35 Rabindranath Tagore is (A)/ more famous than (B)/ all the other (C)/ French poets
(D)/No error (E)
Q36 Martha has been (A)/ working continuously (B)/ since she had woken up (C)/, she must
be tired (D)/No error (E)
Q37 He has been (A)/ working as a DJ (B)/ since the last two years, (C)/ and has done
many successful gigs (D)/No error (E)
Q38 It had (A)/ been pouring (B)/ since the time (C)/ I had arrived in Pune (D)/No error (E)
Q39 He has (A)/ been writing (B)/ six novels since 1982, (C)/ and all have been bestsellers
(D)/No error (E)
Q40. Raima has been learning (A)/ French since the last (B)/ six months but (C)/ still can‘t
speak simple sentences (D)/No error (E)
Q41 He worked (A)/ in IBM as (B)/ a consultant before (C)/ he joined TCS (D)/No error (E)
Q42 I had (A)/ returned her keys (B)/ after I had (C)/ returned from college (D)/No error (E)
Q43 My father doesn‘t (A)/ like me staying over (B)/ at Mark‘s, but I will go anyway (C)/
since he is my best friend (D)/ No error (E)
Q44 We were certain (A)/ about them winning (B)/ in the quarter finals – after all (C)/, they
had practised a lot (D)/No error (E)
Q45 Seldom I have (A)/ watched such (B)/ an enthralling film (C) like this one (D)/No error
(E)
Q46 No sooner had (A)/ I returned (B)/ home when (C)/ the lights went out (D)/No error (E)

118
Q47 He never (A)/ comes to (B)/ our house. Neither (C)/ his parents do (D)/No error (E)
Q48 I always (A)/ teach my children (B)/ the importance of going (C)/ to the school every
day (D)/ No error (E)
Q49 Hardly he had (A)/ begun to address (B)/ the crowd when he was (C)/ interrupted by a
loud noise (D)/No error (E)
Q50 His father availed of (A)/ the opportunity at (B)/ the stock market (C)/ and earned lakhs
(D)/ No error (E)
Q51 Nothing but (A)/ clothes are (B)/ sold in (C)/ this market (D)/No error (E)
Q52 One packet of (A)/ choco chips in addition to (B)/ two cans of coke are (C)/ there in the
bag (D)/No error (E)
Q53 She and not (A)/ her brothers have (B)/ come for (C)/ the fundraiser (D)/No error (E)
Q54 I advice (A)/ you to keep your (B)/ distance from friends (C)/ who are just there to waste
your time (D)/ No error (E)
Q55 She has always (A)/ been a (B)/ better swimmer (C)/ than me (D)/No error (E)
Q56 He has always (A)/ been in need (B)/ of your favours, (C)/ but has never returned them
(D)/No error (E)
Q57 At his sight, (A)/ she got (B)/ ecstatic and tripped (C)/ over her shoes (D)/No error (E)
Q58 Saurav and Shaurya have (A)/ always helped (B)/ one another. They (C)/ indeed are
best friends (D)/ No error (E)
Q59 When we were kids, (A)/ our neighbors used to (B)/ send handmade gifts to (C)/ each
other on Christmas (D)/No error (E)
Q60 Some investors have (A)/ agreed but (B)/ other need (C)/ more time (D)/ No error (E)
Q61 Seldom or (A)/ ever does (B)/ she talk (C)/ to me (D)/No error (E)
Q62 We received (A)/ little if nothing (B)/ for (C)/ our cause /D No error (E)
Q63 He is not (A)/ enough old to (B)/ participate in the marathon, (C)/ therefore he will try
next year(D)/ No error (E)
Q64 She was (A)/ enough smart to (B)/ clear the examination but didn‘t (C)/ work hard (D)/
No error (E)
Q65 Do any scientists (A)/ other than (B)/ Stephen Hawking consider (C)/ time travel as a
possibility? (D)/

119
Q66 She was able (A)/ to canvass enough (B)/ votes and was elected (C)/ as Vice-president
of the board (D)/ No error (E)
Q67 Although it is a (A)/ small coastal town, (B)/ but there are many sights (C)/ worth seeing
(D)/ No error (E)
Q68 I don‘t have to (A)/ wait for hours (B)/ at the station; (C)/ I am owning a car (D)/ No error
(E)
Q69 The apples are smelling (A)/ weird. I think (B)/ they have gone (C)/ bad (D)/ No error
(E)
Q70 We already watched (A)/ this movie, so we (B)/ will watch the (C)/ other one (D)/ No
error (E)
Q71 I did not finish the (A)/ novel yet, (B)/ so I cannot lend (C)/ it to you (D)/ No error (E)
Q72 The watches (A)/ manufactured by this company (B)/ are superior than the (C)/ ones
we were looking at earlier (D)/ No error (E)
Q73 Ryan is senior (A)/ than me in (B)/ the company so I need (C)/ his approval before
forwarding the deal (D)/ No error (E)
Q74 This jacket is not (A)/ as sturdy as the (B)/ brown one, and it is also (C)/ overpriced (D)/
No error (E)
Q75 The peasantry (A)/ suffers for the (B)/ greater part (C)/ of the year (D)/ No error (E)
Q76 The farm is (A)/ infested with vermin, (B)/ which has eaten away (C)/ most of the crops
(D)/ No error (E)
Q77 We went to the (A)/ shop but (B)/ neither vegetables nor (C)/ meat were fresh (D)/ No
error (E)
Q78 Many a (A)/ members of the board (B)/ has given consent (C)/ for the meeting (D)/ No
error (E)
Q79 Our teacher told (A)/ us that (B)/ happiness was an (C)/ ephemeral emotion (D)/ No
error (E)
Q80 The weather was hot (A)/ and only a little (B)/ tourists could be seen (C)/ walking on the
beach (D)/ No error (E)
Q81 There is (A)/ a few milk left (B)/ in the fridge, so I can make (C)/ you a cup of coffee (D)/
No error (E)
Q82 Suppose if you (A)/ met Shah Rukh Khan, (B)/ what would (C)/ you ask him? (D)/

120
Q83 Hers was (A)/ the most unique painting and (B)/ it won her (C)/ the first prize (D)/ No
error (E)
Q84 We heard (A)/ he had the flu but when we (B)/ went to see him, we found (C)/ him quite
all well (D)/No error (E)
Q85 The number of students (A)/ applying for management courses in this (B)/ university
have gone up since (C)/ it was awarded an A + rank (D)/ No error (E)
Q86 The book was (A)/ promoted by a notable (B)/ actor and a number of (C)/ copies was
sold immediately (D)/ No error (E)
Q87 Everyone else (A)/ than Raghu has (B)/ agreed to join us (C)/ for dinner (D)/ No error
(E)
Q88 My exams are (A)/ starting from Friday and (B)/ not much has been studied (C)/ by me
till now (D)/ No error (E)
Q89 She had been (A)/ looking forward to see you for a (B)/ week before you decided (C)/ to
sever all ties with her (D)/ No error (E)
Q90 My father reads (A)/ Times of India every day, for he (B)/ wants to be up-to-date with
(C)/ the events happening around him (D)/ No error (E)
Q91 The cruel king raided (A)/ the village and houses after houses (B)/ were looted (C)/ and
destroyed (D)/No error (E)
Q92 Both Jagdeep as well as Sohan (A)/ are good interior designers, (B)/ and therefore are
(C)/ well suited for the job (D)/ No error (E)
Q93 You are required (A)/ to wait in (B)/ the office until the (C)/ manager asks for you (D)/
No error (E)
Q94 Don‘t run on (A)/ the wet tiles, lest (B)/ you would slip and break (C)/ a hand or a leg
(D)/ No error (E)
Q95 I would rather (A)/ stay home and (B)/ get bored than going to (C)/ his house to play
(D)/ No error
Q96 I would like (A)/ to do a course (B)/ on cooking if I could find (C)/ one that isn‘t
expensive (D)/ No error (E)
Q97 This car is (A)/ too much expensive (B)/ and thus has (C)/ few buyers (D)/No error (E)
Q98 Statistics shows that (A)/ there will be (B)/ no rain for (C)/ the next three days (D)/ No
error (E)

121
Q99 His daughter is (A)/ so beautiful to be (B)/ rejected by any (C)/ man in this town (D)/ No
error (E) (D)/
Q100 Being a hectic day, all (A)/ of us were tired (B)/ and nobody wanted to (C)/ see Susan
off (D)/ No error (E)
101. As soon as Raima (A)/ will come, I will (B)/ tell her about (C)/ her son‘s promotion (D)/
No error (E)
Q102 My both brothers are (A)/ talented basketball players and (B)/ have been selected (C)/
for the intra school tournament (D)/ No error (E)
Q103 The house was spacious (A)/ and had beautiful (B)/ ivory furnitures, therefore we
decided (C)/ to buy it immediately (D)/ No error (E)
Q104 My great-grandfather found this (A)/ organisation and now (B)/ my father (C)/ and
uncle run it (D)/No error (E)
Q105 On the further side (A)/ of the river was a village (B)/ where no one had (C)/ set foot
for years (D)/ No error (E)
Q106 The only one (A)/ of the delegates who (B)/ was American were (C)/ late for the
convocation (D)/ No error (E)
Q107 We could have bought (A)/ a much bigger house if we (B)/ did not spend so much (C)/
money on vacations (D)/ No error (E)
Q108 This job requires (A)/ yours meeting sales targets (B)/ each month in order (C)/ to be
eligible for incentives (D)/ No error (E)
Q109 It is his who (A)/ refused to go at the (B)/ last moment and caused so (C)/ much
ruckus (D)/ No error (E)
Q110 I have been visiting your (A)/ restaurant since the (B)/ last ten years and have (C)/
always been greeted warmly (D)/ No error (E)
Q111 Please ask (A)/ your cousin (B)/ brother to pay us (C)/ a visit next week (D)/ No error
(E)
Q112 Miss Sarah is our (A)/ English teacher and (B)/ she has a (C)/ vibrant personality (D)/
No error (E)
Q113 She has been learning (A)/ English for fours years, still (B)/ she has not been able to
(C)/ memorise the alphabets (D)/ No error (E)
Q114 The lion saw its (A)/ shadow in the water (B)/ and jumped into the well (C)/ without
thinking (D)/ No error (E)

122
Q115 It was the last (A)/ bus to Ooty and no (B)/ place was available (C)/ for us to sit (D)/ No
error (E)
Q116 He does not (A)/ know to design (B)/ templates; hence you should (C)/ help him out
(D)/ No error (E)
Q117 It is time (A)/ we study (B)/ hard for (C)/ our finals (D)/ No error (E)
Q118 This dress is different (A)/ and more (B)/ elegant than (C)/ the pink one (D)/ No error
(E)
Q119 He has (A)/ a profound (B)/ knowledge on (C)/ Indian history (D)/ No error (E)
Q120 The Parliament is voting (A)/ to elect the next president of the crisis-hit country /(B)
after the incumbent president resigned and (C)/ had fled following widespread protests last
week (D)/ No error (E)
Q121 Fission is the reaction that (A) / humans have cracked already and (B)/ involve
splitting the nucleus of a very (C)/ heavy element to create smaller ones (D)/No error (E)
Q122 With a view to address the issue of fuel (A)/ shortage in the country, the government
had (B)/ imposed special additional excise duty (C)/ on export of petrol and diesel (D)/ No
error (E)
Q123 Computers may be far better (A)/ than us at remembering numbers (B)/ and solving
calculations, but not all informations can (C)/ be represented by numbers (D)/No error (E)
Q124 Your brain contains millions of (A)/ neurons, which constantly talk (B)/ to each other by
exchanging (C)/ signals across connections named ‗synapses‘ (D)/ No error (E)
Q125 In recent years, global supply chains have faced (A)/ disruptions from numerous
causes, from (B)/ a single ship blocking the Suez Canal (C)/ and the international impacts of
the COVID-19 pandemic (D)/No error (E)
Q126 As we move deeper into the climate crisis, (A)/ many global supply chains are at risk
of disrupting (B)/ from extreme weather events, crop failures (C)/ and new disease
outbreaks (D)/ No error (E)

123
Q127 Since the war in Ukraine has begun, and (A)/ crude oil prices started (B)/ going up,
the rupee has (C)/ steadily lost value against the dollar (D)/ No error (E)
Q128 When plastic remains in the environment for long periods (A)/ of time and does not
decay, it turns into (B)/ microplastics – first entering our food sources and (C)/ then the
human body, and this is extreme harmful (D)/ No error (E)
Q129 The band debuted in June 2013 and (A)/ within the few years, became a worldwide
sensation with its (B)/ catchy hits and social campaigns that (C)/ the group said were aimed
at empowering the youth (D)/ No error (E)
Q130 A motley group of art enthusiasts — amateurs, hobby (A)/ and practising artists and
students meet (B)/ every weekends to interact, document and interpret (C)/ the sketches
from their own perspective (D)/ No error (E)
Q131 Like most Asian currencies, the rupee has been falling (A)/ in recent months as risk
aversion rose on expectations of the (B)/ U.S. Federal Reserve raising rates aggressively to
curb (C)/ high inflation and prompting investors to flee riskier assets (D)/ No error (E)
Q132 Charles Darwin‘s theory of natural (A)/selection is one of the most (B)/ important and
ground-breaking (C)/ scientific concept ever constructed (D)/No error (E)
Q133 A high-level multi-disciplinary (A)/ centre team was sent (B)/ to collaborate with state
authorities (C)/ in implementing public health measures (D)/ No error (E)
Q134 Smoking while wearing a surgical mask (A)/ results in a two-folds rise in exhaled
carbon monoxide (B)/ and impaired blood vessel function (C)/ compared to non-mask
periods, according to a study (D)/ No error (E)
Q135 They reflect seasonal changes in (A)/ wind patterns, driven by temperature differences
from (B)/ the ocean and land, which bring rain (C)/ deep into the continental interior (D)/ No
error (E)
Q136 NASA experience with the Hubble Space Telescope sending (A)/ back blurry images
showed that (B)/ advanced scientific instruments sometimes (C)/ did not work as intended
(D)/ No error (E)
Q137 The gentlest eruptions occur with minimal force (A)/ and involve steady outpourings of
lava that (B)/ move slowly enough that it poses (C)/ little threat to humans (D)/ No error (E)
Q138 Modern agriculture practice and (A)/ wider adoption of farm technology (B)/have led to
a steep fall in (C)/ the number of cattles in rural families (D)/ /(D)
Q139 The ability to travel to (A)/ reach educational or employment (B)/ opportunities are
essential for (C)/ ensuring social equality (D)/ No error (E)

124
Q140. Apart from assuring a safe and hassle-free delivery to rakhis, (A)/ sending rakhi gifts
through a courier service (B)/ has always been risky as the items can be damaged (C)/ or
can break in the transit process (D)/ No error (E)
Q141 Life had been very different (A)/ for human societies 20,000 years (B)/ ago. Humans
hunted animals for food (C)/ and had just started living in settlements (D)/
Q142 First founded in the (A)/ 1920s, antibiotics have (B)/ revolutionised the way (C)/ we
treat infectious disease (D)/ No error (E)
Q143 A disruption to power supply can also be caused by (A)/ a lack of supply or excessive
demand, both of which (B)/ might take place during extreme weather events such (C)/ as
during unusual cold winters or hot summers (D)/ No error (E)
Q144 Imagine a snowball rolling down (A)/ a hill. As it rolls, it picks up (B)/ more snow, and
the bigger (C)/ it gets, the fastly it grows (D)/ No error (E)
Q145 Nanopore gene sequencing is one (A)/ of the last approaches to gene sequencing (B)/
and can be used to read the genetic (C)/ information carried by single molecules of DNA (D)/
No error (E)
Q146 We wish to learn all the curious, (A)/ outlandish ways of all the different countries, (B)/
so that we can show off and astonish (C)/ people when we get to home (D)/ No error (E)
Q147 No sooner had I tossed off a (A)/ graceful reply to the letter inviting me to (B)/ be
present today when I began to realise (C)/ the exorbitance of what was expected of me (D)/
No error (E)
Q148 The first thing I did in my (A)/ search for an answer to ―why go out‖ (B)/ was write
down a list of (C)/ each single reason I could think of to go out (D)/ No error (E)
Q149 Everybody wants to have an amazing job and (A)/ financial independence—but not
everyone wants to suffer through (B)/ 60-hours work weeks, long commutes, and obnoxious
paperwork, (C)/ to navigate arbitrary corporate hierarchies and the blasé confines of an
infinite cubicle hell (D)/ No error (E)
Q150 The scientists roughly estimate that (A)/ nearly two-thirds of the river (B)/ has become
polluted (C)/ over the past 20 years (D)/ No error (E)
Q151 He saw a gentleman who he (A)/ presumed to be the director (B)/ of the film, and told
(C)/ him about Jhanvi (D)/ No error (E)
Q152 Jonathan Swift, often called (A)/ as Dean Swift, was an Anglo-Irish author (B)/ and
was a master of two styles of (C)/ satire, the Horatian and Juvenalian styles (D)/ No error (E)

125
Q153 Neither the warning or the imagery was (A)/new, and it‘s unlikely that cricket boards
(B)/ would, in a fit of sympathy, decide (C)/ to de-fatten the calendar (D)/ No error (E)
Q154 India assured the world community that it is (A)/ committed to protect at least 30
percent of ―our‖ lands, (B)/ waters and oceans, and thus adhere to (C)/ its commitment of
30X30 by 2030 in a mission mode (D)/ No error (E)
Q155 It can count, has self-awareness, recognises shapes, (A)/ and is capable of
remembering and (B)/ internalising traumatic experiences. It (C)/ has the capacity to
continue learning and expand its horizons (D)/ No error (E)
Q156 Back there I could fly a gunship, I could drive a (A)/ tank, I was in charge of million-
dollar equipments, back (B)/ here I can‘t even hold a job parking cars. (C)/ — Sylvester
Stallone in Rambo: First Blood (D)/ No error (E)
Q157 There is no such thing as a (A)/ ―brief‖ history of the Olympics. (B)/ That‘s because the
Olympics has started (C)/ thousands of years ago in Ancient Greece (D)/ No error (E)
Q158 Meteorologists reported that this spring was the (A)/ warmest ever recorded for our
nation – in fact, it crushed the old (B)/ record by too much that it represented the ―largest
temperature (C)/ departure from average of any season on record (D)/ No error (E)
Q159 Within their few first hours in Bangkok, the girls went (A)/ to Boots and blew their
travel budget on English soap and (B)/ shampoo-same soap and shampoo they could get at
home (C)/ but somehow more exotic-seeming when bought in Thailand (D)/ No error (E)
Q160 Eventually, a copy of this little newspaper found (A)/ its way into the hands of a faculty
member, and (B)/ since I had been enough unwise to put my (C)/ name on it, I was brought
into the office (D)/ No error (E)
Q161 Up in the bedroom that (A)/ him and I shared, the windows were (B)/ open and the air
had the stuffy wooden-house (C)/ smell that came out every spring (D)/ No error (E)
Q162 There is no another language, for example, that is close (A)/ enough to English that
we can get about (B)/ half of what people are saying without training (C)/ and the rest with
only modest effort (D)/ No error (E)
Q163 Had he tried to explain his (A)/ excitement to anyone but (B)/ his closest colleagues,
they (C)/ probably didn‘t understand (D)/ No error (E)
Q164 Proteins are strings of (A)/ amino acids, but in order to function, they (B)/ need to be
fold properly, like turning (C)/ a ball of wool into a sweater (D)/ No error (E)

126
Q165 The teeth of sharks are well mineralised, made (A)/ of calcium phosphate. This
means when a shark dies and (B)/ sinks to the ocean floor, it‘s soft skeleton tends to (C)/
decay quickly, leaving behind only its hard teeth (D)/ No error (E)
Q166 According to The Old Farmer's Almanack, the (A)/ July 13 full Moon is called the Buck
Moon (B)/ because the antlers of bucks or male (C)/ deer normally grows around this time
(D)/ No error (E)
Q167 A New Year‘s resolution is a common practice in which (A)/ one resolves to continue
good habits, change an (B)/ undesired trait or behaviour, accomplish a personal goal, or (C)/
otherwise improve his life at the start of a year (D)/ No error (E)
Q168 Maternal mortality indicates a woman‘s ability to (A)/ access health care, contraceptive
devices, nutrition, and, (B)/ in a sense, is a mark of the efficiency of a health care system
(C)/ in responding to demands made with it (D)/ No error (E)
Q169 A strong commitment to political leadership (A)/ along with the necessary institutional
frameworks (B)/ and cooperation between the two countries are likely (C)/ to be more robust
in the future (D)/ No error (E)
Q170 One of the reasons for wrongly designed, and (A)/ often very rudimentary, school
health services not only in (B)/ India but also in most low and middle-income countries are,
arguably, (C)/ limited understanding and clarity on what constitutes well-functioning and
effective school health services (D)/ No error (E)
Q171 Those which live and work here lend (A)/ to the unique character of the city, (B)/
earning Delhi its best moniker as (C)/ a city of bustling and large-hearted people (D)/ No
error (E)
Q172 From the fragile crevices of Chandni Chowk (A)/ and the imposing arcades of
Connaught Place, (B)/ Delhi is diverse and alive and writers (C)/ have documented its
beauty (D)/ No error (E)
Q173 A two-day weekend was often not enough (A)/ for women, especially mothers with
young (B)/ children, as they would not have much (C)/ time for themself after all the care
work (D)/ No error (E)
Q174 I pity her arrogant (A)/ husband, that little (B)/ officer who gives himself (C)/ the air of a
monarch (D)/ No error (E)
Q175 Out there in the wood lay a (A)/ multitude of flowers she wanted (B)/ to see, and no
crawling beast (C)/ was going to stand in her way (D)/ No error (E)

127
Q176 But between the lakes the huge desolate (A)/ alluvial plain grew ever in size, while
great damage was (B)/ done by the river, which overflown its bed and the dykes (C)/ built to
protect the region near it (D)/ No error (E)
Q177 After a few questions, the (A)/ interviewer hanged up with (B)/ an appointment
scheduled for (C)/ the following Tuesday (D)/ No error (E)
Q178Linguistics is not about speaking a lots of different languages. It is (A)/ about the
structures and patterns of human (B)/ communication, and in the case of applied linguistics,
the (C)/ contexts in which these structures and patterns arise (D)/ No error (E)
Q179 After the busy trail toward (A)/ the Everest the group enjoyed (B)/ the total solitude of
(C)/ the stunning valley above Thame (D)/ No error (E)
Q180 The exchange of ideas with (A)/ world leaders seeking common ground (B)/ on
burning issues and recalibrating our (C)/ policy accordingly are at the heart of diplomacy (D)/
No error (E)
Q181 Two permanent members of the council together with (A)/ three aspirants to
permanent membership appeared (B)/ like two carnivores and three herbivores were inviting
to the (C)/ same meal with little possibility for a change in menu (D)/ No error (E)
Q182 The way they bought in thirteen like-minded people (A)/ through the back door for a
high-level (B)/ dialogue smacked of unfair means (C)/ to expand the group with their friends
(D)/No error (E)
Q183 The landslide that has occurred last week will go down as (A)/ one of the severest
natural disasters in the State, (B)/ with the death toll reaching thirty seven and twenty eight
people (C)/ remaining trapped below the debris even as rescue efforts were on (D)/ No error
Q184 While the administration has seeked (A)/ to ease the water outflow from (B)/ the
stored water, inclement (C)/ weather has hampered the pace of the efforts (D)/ No error (E)
Q185 The fact that such a disaster (A)/ occurred in a railway construction sight (B)/ in a
landslide-prone area (C)/ should give development planners pause (D)/ No error (E)
Q186 The uncertain nature of (A)/ rains, with the monsoon being the most (B)/ intense this
year compared (C)/ to predictions, has added to the problem (D)/ No error (E)
Q187 The need of an hour is a national programme (A)/ to reduce electrical accidents in the
distribution sector (B)/ with a clear scope of work, sufficient resource allocation and robust
(C)/ monitoring and verification mechanisms (D)/ No error (E)
Q188 Since the sudden flooding (A)/ that had begun last week, (B)/ residents have been
scrambling for (C)/ dry land, food and clean water (D)/ No error (E)

128
Q189 An extraordinary hot summer in Europe (A)/ crossed another peak on Tuesday with
some places in (B)/ Britain recording temperatures above 40°C, the first (C)/ time any place
in the United Kingdom had breached this mark (D)/ No error (E)
Q190 Hardly had he (A)/ spoken these words than (B)/ the door opened and his father (C)/
himself stood before him (D)/ No error (E)
Q191 Scarcely he had laid his (A)/ head on the pillow before he felt himself (B)/ falling
asleep, but suddenly, almost (C)/ with the distinctness of reality, he heard the firing (D)/ No
error (E)
Q192 Curled up in a (A)/ corner of the seat I amused for (B)/ hours making silly drawings
(C)/ on bits of cardboard (D)/ No error (E)
Q193 He was elected by the (A)/ people the following year and (B)/ served until 1976 when
he was appointed (C)/ as solicitor-general by the president (D)/ No error (E)
Q194 To many who have (A)/ worked in and admire Singapore, the (B)/ city is too valuable a
beacon of what (C)/ can be achieved with imagination (D)/ No error (E)
Q195 To understand what's wrong with (A)/ these sentences and to learn (B)/ to write better
ones, you need (C)/ to take a moment to learn about grammar (D)/ No error (E)
Q196 The population of this town is (A)/ about five times as large as (B)/ that of the village
which (C)/ lie on its outskirts (D)/ No error (E)
Q197 As she brushed by him (A)/ on her way to her room to (B)/ dress, she asked him (C)/
where had he been (D)/ No error (E)
Q198 Most mainstream universities in India have been (A)/ allowing students, particularly
women and working (B)/ people, to learn on their own and (C)/ give university exams as
private candidates (D)/ No error (E)
Q199 Broadcasts and telecasts were once regarded game (A)/ changers to impart education
remotely. They (B)/ were espoused to be the cheapest way of (C)/ enhancing access to
quality education (D)/ No error (E)
Q200 Technology-enabled and mediated digital learning is (A)/ projected as the future of
higher education. (B)/ Such learning is supposedly to (C)/ end face-to-face formal education
(D)/ No error (E)
Q201 No wonder even the strongest proponents of online (A)/ and virtual education feel that
such programmes be subjected to (B)/ stricter oversight, tighter regulations, and rigorous
processes (C)/ to insure high standards and robust quality control (D)/ No error (E)

129
Q202 Given the fact that the quality of higher education is (A)/ inversely proportional to the
intensity of regulation, designing (B)/ an efficient and effective regulatory mechanism (C)/
often prove more challenging than imagined (D)/ No error (E)
Q203 To be effective, they require not only (A)/ massive capital investment in infrastructure,
but also (B)/ demand a significantly higher recurring expenses (C)/ on content development
and their continuous updating and upgradation (D)/ No error (E)
Q204 While some MSMEs operate at the (A)/ higher industry standards, most do not (B)/
meet today‘s standards on productivity, environmental (C)/ sustainability, and health and
safety of workers (D)/ No error (E)
Q205 The state is the second largest producer of (A)/ coal, with reserves that could last up
to 100 years. (B)/ Despite that, years after years, the shortage (C)/ of coal supplies
continues to be an issue (D)/ No error (E)
Q206 The relatively small size of the market for (A)/ just faster downloads of videos and
games, especially at a higher cost (B)/ makes it near certain that service providers will take
an (C)/ ultra-cautious approach both to bidding for spectrum and in rolling in services (D)/ No
error (E)
Q207 A deadly virus disrupted the joys of teaching and (A)/ learning during the last two
years and among the worst sufferers (B)/ of the COVID-19 pandemic were the students who
got to (C)/ attend physical classes for barely six months before the universities broke down
again (D)/ No error (E)
Q208 Bitcoin, the most popular cryptocurrency, has (A)/ lost over two-third of its value (B)/
since its peak in November last year and (C)/ has wiped out many retail investors (D)/ No
error (E)
Q209 For a nation that has had a (A)/ significant demographic dividend (B)/ the working age
population is very (C)/ larger than the non-working age sections (D)/No error (E)
Q210 The Federal Reserve on Wednesday implemented (A)/ its steepest interest rate
increase (B)/ in more than 27 years as it fights (C)/ to reign in runaway inflation (D)/ No error
(E)
Q211 During a pandemic, the disease spreads to all (A)/ the regions of the world and are
present in some form or (B)/ the other in all parts of the world (C)/ with a relatively high rate
of spread (D)/ No error (E)
Q212 Yet for all the love of (A)/ men of letter, Shama would have remained (B)/ a niche
publication but for a (C)/ couple of masterstrokes by Yusuf Dehlvi‘s sons (D)/ No error (E)

130
Q213 When the landlord went to (A)/ collect the rent, they found (B)/ the tenant had left, (C)/
with bag and baggage (D)/ No error (E)
Q214 In the library she found (A)/ most excellent books, Collins‘ (B)/ The Hunger Games
and all (C)/ the volumes of Tolkien‘s The Lord of the Rings (D)/ No error (E)
Q215 Are you angry at (A)/ me because I didn't (B)/ want to lend you (C)/ my pearl
necklace? (D)/ No error (E)
Q216 Sarah had taken a step (A)/ forward, ready to enter into the (B)/ room, but stopped
(C)/ when Dean's voice hushed (D)/ No error (E)
Q217 As a part of its 100-years celebration, the university (A)/ has offered a chance to the
students who could not (B)/ complete their degrees from the university to do so by (C)/
registering for the ‗Centenary Chance Examination‘ (D)/ No error (E)
Q218 Largely ignored by the rulers and (A)/ the state machineries of those days, science
was either supported (B)/ by the enlightened and munificent elites or by (C)/ the
investigators themselves from their personal funds (D)/ No error (E)
Q219 As most of the country scientific research (A)/ is being conducted by government
laboratories and a (B)/ few premier institutes, this new forum was thought to be a (C)/ game-
changer by its intent of democratisation of the knowledge base (D)/ No error (E)
Q220 Then the harmattan or hot, (A)/ dry wind from Sahara begins (B)/ and brings with it
(C)/ clouds of impalpable dust (D)/ No error (E)
Q221 What is better known is that it helps (A)/ to have disaster management plans in (B)/
place that help States better deal with heatwaves and (C)/ its impact on health (D)/ No error
(E)
Q222 The portal was launched six months before with (A)/ the aim of creating a national
database (B)/ of unorganised workers and (C)/ to facilitate social security schemes for them
(D)/ No error (E)
Q223 She could not keep back her (A)/ tears, and the prime cause of her (B)/ pain seemed
to be the fear lest people (C)/ would doubt her truthfulness (D)/ No error (E)
Q224 After arguing with me, and (A)/ soothing me in vain, she took (B)/ the tone of calm
command, and forbade (C)/ me not to urge her further (D)/ No error (E)
Q225 Often criticised for a conservative (A)/ dressing sense that made her look (B)/ older
than she was, she (C)/ opted for a rather bland ensemble (D)/ No error (E)

131
Q226 It is a tribute to the Nehruvian vision that (A)/ a large number of institutions created in
the (B)/ post-independent era has withstood the test of time and (C)/ many of them have
risen to global standards (D)/ No error (E)
Q227 LIC has steadily grown in the past six decades (A)/ and today with over 290 million
policyholders and (B)/ an asset value of $520 billion, it ranks (C)/ as one of the largest
insurance company in the world (D)/ No error (E)
Q228 While last year, before the second wave, vaccine hesitancy (A)/ was ascribed to the
low uptake, (B)/ it is quite all likely now that people are exercising (C)/ their option of waiting
for more kinds of the vaccine (D)/ No error (E)
Q229 The suppression of individual liberty for (A)/ the greater good is perhaps among (B)/
the oldest and toughest questions (C)/ that democracies grapple (D)/ No error (E)
Q230 It is also pointed out that for Internet platforms to be considered (A)/ virtual
governments, they should adhere by basic democratic (B)/ accountability in formulating their
policies and procedures, including being transparent and (C)/ improving public participation
and promoting non-partisan decision making (D)/ No error (E)
Q231 He has to talk to his (A)/ superintendent about it and he (B)/ will call back latter this
evening to (C)/ let me know when he will be here (D)/ No error (E)
Q232 E-rickshaws plying on roads (A)/ without valid or renewed fitness certificates (B)/ could
lead to traffic congestion as (C)/ they are known to break out easily (D)/ No error (E)
Q233 To ensure the Green Status provides useful information (A)/ about species recovery,
workshops were run for scientists (B)/ to discuss about how to measure and define
‗recovery‘, (C)/ before testing this on real species (D)/ No error (E)
Q234 The company said it had selected Microsoft as (A)/ their global advertising technology
and sales partner (B)/ to introduce a lower (C)/ priced ad-supported subscription plan (D)/
No error (E)
Q235 While we continue to invest significantly in the business, we (A)/ made these
adjustments so that our costs are growing (B)/ on the line with our slower revenue growth,
the company said (C)/ in a statement on Tuesday, adding that it was continuing to hire in
other areas (D)/ No error (E)
Q236 The shutdown in film and television productions, (A)/ forced by lockdowns this spring,
have placed a major focus (B)/ on how Netflix and its competitors will get hold (C)/ of new
offerings to retain their members (D)/ No error (E)

132
Q237 The emissions that cause climate change come (A)/ from every part of the world and
(B)/ affects everyone, but some countries (C)/ produce much more than the others (D)/ No
error (E)
Q238 These paper boats of mine (A)/ are meant to dance on the (B)/ ripples of hours, and
not (C)/ reach any final destination (D)/ No error (E)
Q239 There are nineteen district general (A)/ hospitals in the region and (B)/ reports suggest
that as (C)/ much as twelve will be modernised (D)/ No error (E)
ANSWER
1.(A Replace every with each as every can‘t be used as a pronoun)

2.(A Replace Sundays with Sunday as each is followed by a singular noun)
3.(D Replace every with each as each can be used as a pronoun, not every)
4.(C Replace each with every as each is not used with abstract nouns)
5.(C Replace every with each since each can be used as a pronoun, whereas every cannot)
6.(A Omit both Both and not don‘t go together, alternatively you can use neither…nor
instead – Neither Rani nor Reena is going…)
7.(B Replace or with nor – since neither is complemented with nor)
8.(A Replace boys with boy – neither is followed by a singular noun)
9.(B Use singular verb – was – in place of were – Neither of is followed by a plural noun and
a singular verb)
10.(C Use are in place of is – in Neither…Nor construction, the verb agrees with the noun
closest to it)
11.(A Use whom instead of which as which is not used with people)
12.(C The same is followed by the relative pronoun that)
13.(B Replace which with that – all is followed by the relative pronoun that)
14.(C Replace which with that – the few is followed by the relative pronoun that)
15.(B Replace which with that – the little, the few is followed by the relative pronoun that)
16.(C This is a sentence of First conditional – use will instead of would)
17.(D This is a sentence of Third conditional – replace would not be with would not have
been)
18.(C This is a sentence of First conditional – replace would with will)
19.(C This is a sentence of Second conditional – Replace will with would)

133
20.(D This is a sentence of Second conditional – replace would have studied with would
study)
21.(C Replace has with have – one of the is followed by a plural noun and a plural verb)
22.(C Replace have with has – only one of is followed by a plural noun and a singular verb)
23.(D Replace are with is – one of is followed by a plural noun or pronoun and a singular
verb)
24.(D Replace need with needs – one of is followed by a plural noun or pronoun and a
singular verb)
25.(C Replace goes with go – one of is followed by a plural noun or pronoun and a singular
verb )
26.(C Replace rupees with rupee since it is used as an adjective and cannot be in plural)
27.(A Replace Lakhs of Thousands with Thousands of lakhs as if in a sentence there is

more than one unit, the units are arranged in ascending order)
28.(B Replace handfuls with handful since it has been used in singular sense)
29.(D Replace glassful with glassfuls since it has been used in plural sense)
30.(B Cupfuls, not cupsful is the correct spelling)
31.(C Replace all the employees with all the other employees; since Rohan is also an
employee at the company and cannot be compared with himself)
32.(D Use than that of Mumbai since comparison of weathers is being done)
33.(C Replace all the boys with all the other boys; since Ravi is also among all the boys and
cannot be compared to himself )
34.(B Replace all metals with any other metal since silver is also a metal and cannot be
compared with itself)
35.(C Replace all the other with all since Rabindranath Tagore is not a French poet)
36.(C Replace had woken with woke, since clauses following since are always in simple
past)
37.(C Replace since with for – since is used for point of time, and for is used for duration of
time)
38.(D Replace had arrived with arrived since clauses following since are always in simple
past)
39.(B Replace been writing with written – present perfect is used to show completion or
results of an action)
40.(B Replace since with for – for is used with respect to duration of time)

134
41.(A Use past perfect – replace worked with had worked – past perfect tense is used in
clause preceding before)
42.(A Use past perfect – replace worked with had worked – past perfect tense is used in
clause preceding before)
43.(B Replace me with my – a possessive adjective comes before a gerund)
44.(B Replace them with their – a possessive adjective comes before a gerund)
45.(A Seldom have I is the correct syntax – sentence starting with an adverb follows the rule
of inversion)
46.(C No sooner is followed by than, not when)
47.(C Rule of Inversion will follow – neither do his parents – as the clause is starting with an
adverb)
48.(D Omit the before school as when we use school for its primary purpose, the is not used
before them)
49.(A Rule of Inversion will follow – Hardly had he – as the sentence is starting with an
adverb)
50.(A Availed himself of - Availed is always followed by a reflexive pronoun as its object)
51.(C Replace are with is – nothing but is always followed by a singular verb)
52.(C Replace are with is – in addition to is not a part of the subject, therefore singular verb
is required for a singular subject)
53.(B Replace have with has – in sentences containing the phrase and not, the verb agrees
with the subject that comes before it)
54.(A Replace advice with advise – advice is a noun, advise is a verb, we need a verb here)
55.(D Replace me with I – comparison of subjective case is done with subjective case, me is
objective case)
56.(C Favours from you is the correct usage)
57.(A At the sight of his is the correct usage)
58.(C Replace one another with each other – in the case of just two subjects, each other is
used)
59.(D Replace each other with one another – in case of more than two subjects, one another
is used)
60.(C Replace other with others – other is a determiner cannot come without a noun, others
is a pronoun)
61.(A Replace or with if; Seldom if ever is the correct usage)
62.(B Little if anything is the correct usage)
63.(B Replace enough old with old enough – in case of adjectives, enough is placed after it)
64.(B Replace enough smart with smart enough – in case of adjectives, enough is placed
after it)
65.(D Omit as – consider is not followed by as)

135
66.(D Omit as – elect is not followed by as)

67.(C Omit but – Although and but are not used together)
68.(D I own a car is the correct syntax – own is a stative verb and cannot be used in
continuous form)
69.(A Replace are smelling with smell – smell is a stative verb and is not used in continuous
form)
70.(A ‗Have‘ will come before already since the sentence is in present perfect)
71. (A Replace did not finish with have not finished, since yet is a marker for perfect tense
and the sentence is in present perfect form)
72.(C Replace than with to – superior is followed by to and not than)
73.(B Replace than with to – senior is followed by to and not than)
74.(B Replace as with so – not so…as is used in negative sentences)
75.(B Replace suffers with suffer – peasantry is followed by a plural verb)
76.(C Replace has with have – vermin is always followed by a plural verb)
77.(D Replace were with was – in neither…nor construction verb agrees with the closest
subject)
78. (B Replace members with memberNo error (E) Many a is followed by a singular noun)
79. (C Replace was with is as it is a universal truth)
80.(B Replace a little with a few – a few is used with countable nouns and a little is used with
uncountable nouns)
81.(B Replace a few with a little – a few is used with countable nouns and a little is used with
uncountable nouns)
82.(A Omit if – if is redundant here)
83.(B Omit most – unique is an absolute adjective)
84.(D - Omit all, the phrase should be quite well)
85.(C Replace have with has – the number of is followed by a singular verb)
86.(D Replace was with were – a number of is followed by a plural verb)
87.(B Replace than with but – else is followed by but)
88.(B Replace from with on – starting on is the correct way of writing)
89.(B Replace see with seeing – forward to is followed by V+ing)
90.(B Article The will come before Times of India as a definite article is needed before
names of newspapers)
91.(B Replace houses after houses with house after house – whenever nouns are
connected with a preposition, we use the nouns in singular form)
92.(A Replace as well as with and – as well as is not used with both)
93.(C Replace until with unless – until is used for time, unless is used for situation)

136
94.(C Replace would with should – lest is always followed by should)

95.(E) (Replace going with go – parts of speech that are alike in function should be alike in
construction)
96.(C Replace on with in, as in is the correct preposition)
97.(B Replace too much with much too – much too + adjective)
98.(A Replace shows with show as here, statistics means data)
99. (B Replace so with too – to denote a quality of high intensity)
100.(A It will come before being as a pseudo subject as there is no subject of hectic day)
101.(B Replace will come with comes as clauses stating conditions in first conditional are in
simple present tense)
102.(A Both my brothers – the possessive case should be placed after both)
103.(C Replace furnitures with furniture as furniture does not exist in plural form)
104.(A Replace found with founded – we use founded when something is established)
105.(A Replace further with farther as farther is used to show distance)
106.(C Replace were with was – The only one is followed by a singular verb)
107. (C Replace did not spend with had not spent – it is the structure of third conditional)
108.(B Replace yours with your as we use a possessive adjective before a gerund)
109.(A Replace his with he – as it is is always followed by a subjective case)
110.(B Replace since with for as for us used to show a period of time)
111. (C Omit brother as brother or sister never follows cousin)
112.(B Replace English teacher with teacher of English as English teacher means a teacher
from England)
113.(D Replace alphabets with alphabet as the set of symbols is called the alphabet;
alphabets means sets of letters of different languages)
114.(B Replace shadow with reflection as the image seen in mirror, water, or shiny surface
is called a reflection)
115.(C Replace place with room as to denote an unoccupied seat we use room, not place)
116.(B How will come before to design as whenever the word know is used, it is not directly
followed by the infinitive to)
117.(B Replace study with studied. When we use it is time in a sentence, the phrase should
be in past tense if it is directly followed by a subject)
118.(A From should come after different as it is important to use exact prepositions after the
words)
119.(C Replace on with of as of is the correct preposition to be used here)
120.(D had fled should be replaced with fled as we need to maintain parallelism with
elements that are alike in function)

137
121. (C Involves should be used in place of involve as fission is a singular subject)

122.(A Address should be replaced with addressing as with a view to follows v+ing)
123.(C Information should be used in place of informations as information does not exist
in plural form)
124.(C Replace each other with one another as one another is used when more than two
subjects are involved)
125.(D to should be used in place of and as from is always followed by to)
126.(B Disruption should be used in place of disrupting as preposition is followed by a

noun or pronoun, disrupting is a verb)
127.(A Replace has begun with began as since clauses are always in simple past tense)
128.(D extremely should be used in place of extreme as adverbs and not adjectives modify
adjectives)
129.(B a few will be used instead of the few, as a few means some while the few means all
that one has, which doesn‘t make sense here)
130.(C Replace weekend with weekends as every is followed by a singular noun)
131.(B has risen should be used in place of rose to maintain parallelism of tense)
132.(D concepts should be used in place of concept as one of the is followed by a plural
noun)
133.(B central should be used in place of centre as we need an adjective to modify team)
134.(B Use two-fold in place of two-folds as adjectives cannot be in plural form)
135.(B From should be replaced with between as we are comparing the difference in
temperatures of the ocean and land)
136.(A Apostrophe s should be used with NASA to show its possession of experience)
137.(C it should be replaced with they and poses should be replaced with pose as a plural
pronoun and verb will come for plural noun - outpourings)
138.(D cattle should be used as cattle itself is in plural form)
139.(C is should come in place of are as we need a singular verb for ability)
140.(A to should be replaced with of to make it logically correct)
141.(A - was should come in place of had been as simple past is used when time of action
is given)
142.(A discovered should be used instead of founded as discovered means to uncover

what was already there while founded means to establish)

138
143.(D unusually should be used before cold as we need an adverb to modify it)
144.(D faster will come in place of fastly as fastly is incorrect english and we need to
maintain the ‗the comparative…the comparative‘ structure)
145.(B Latest should be used in place of last as we need to indicate newest in time)
146.(D Omit to before home as home has been used as an adverb)
(D Omit to before home as home has been used as an adverb)
147. (C than should be used in place of when as no sooner takes than as a complement)
148.(D Replace each with every as every and not each is used with abstract nouns)
149.(C hour should be used in place of hours as when there is a combination of number +
unit + noun, we always use the singular form of the unit)
150.(A Omit roughly as an estimate is always done roughly)
151.(A who should be replaced with whom as we need an objective pronoun in this case -
he presumed him to be the director)
152.(B Omit as - as cannot be used with call)
153.(A nor should be used in place of or as neither nor forms a pair)
154.(B protecting should be used in place of protect as committed to is always followed by
V+ing)
155.(D expanding should be used in place of expand as elements alike in function should
be alike in structure)
156. (B Equipment should be used in place of equipments as it has no plural form)

157.(C Omit has as simple past tense is used when time of action is given)
158. (C replace too with so as so is used with that clauses)
159.(A first few will come in place of few first as definite numeral adjectives come before
indefinite numeral adjectives)
160. (C enough will come after unwise as enough is placed after adjectives and before
nouns)
161.(B he should come in place of him as we need a subjective pronoun to maintain

parallelism as I is subjective)
162.(A another should be replaced with other as no and an are determiners of same type
and cannot be used together)
163.(D wouldn‟t have understood should be used in place of didn‟t understand as it is a
sentence of third conditional)

139
164.(C folded should be used as the sentence is in passive voice)
165.(C its should be used in place of it‟s to show possession, it‘s stands for it is)
166. (D grow should be used in place of grows as antlers is a plural noun and needs a
plural verb)
167.(D one‟s should be used in place of his as one‘s is used when the subject is one.)
168.(D of should be used in place of with to make the sentence logically correct)
169. (C is should be used in place of are as commitment is a singular noun and a singular
verb is required)
170.(C is should replace are as one of the follows a plural noun and a singular verb)
171.(A who should be used in place of which as those clearly refers to people)
172.(B to will be used in place of and as from is always followed by to)
173.(D themselves should be used in place of themself as themself is used for singular
nouns)
174. (D airs should be used in place of air as to give airs means to show proud behaviour)
175.(A woods will be used as woods means forests while wood means timber)
176.(C overflown should be replaced with overflowed to make the sentence logically
correct)
177.(B Replace hanged with hung as hung up means disconnected the call)
178.(A omit article a, a lot of or lots of are correct phrases to be used here)
179.(B article the will not come before Everest as it is the name of a mountain peak)
180.(D are should be replaced with is as the exchange is singular)

140
181.(C were inviting should be replaced with invited as the use of past continuous is
contextually incorrect. The members and aspirants were invited and they were not inviting
anyone.)
182.(A brought should be used in place of bought as brought in means to bring someone
inside while bought in means to invest money in a business)
183.(E) (A has needs to be removed as when time of action is given, then simple past tense
is used)
184.(A seeked will be replaced with sought as sought is the past form of seek, seeked is
incorrect)
185.(B site will be used instead of sight as the sentence is talking about an area where on
which construction was ongoing.)
186.(B more will come in place of the most as comparison is being done, focus on the
phrase compared to)
187.(A an should be replaced with the as need of the hour is the correct idiom)
188.(B Replace had begun with began as clauses beginning with since are in simple past
tense)
189.(A Replace extraordinary with extraordinarily as we need an adverb to modify hot

which is an adjective. The context of the sentence is that the summer was extremely hot)
190.(B than should be replaced with when as hardly is followed by when)
191.(A Replace he had with had he as we follow the rule of inversion when a sentence
begins with an adverb - helping verb + subject + main verb)
192.(B myself will come after amused as when amused is not followed by an object, we
use reflexive pronouns as its object)
193.(D Omit „as‟ as words like appoint, elect, choose are not followed by as)
194.(B Replace admire with admired as we need to maintain parallelism of tense)
195.(E The sentence is correct.)

141
196.(D lie should be replaced with lies as the village is a singular subject.)
197.(D had will come after he as the sentence is a statement, hence helping verb will come
after the subject)
198.(D take should be used in place of give as you take an exam when you are a student)
199.(A as will come after regarded as regard as verb is followed by as)
200.(C supposed should replace supposedly as we need an adjective and not an adverb
to be the subject complement)
201.(D ensure should come in place of insure as insure means to protect something by
covering it with insurance while ensure means to guarantee which is feasible in the
sentence)
202.(D prove should be used in place of proves as developing is a singular subject)
203.(A not only will come before require as not only…but also are used with similar parts of
speech, demand is a verb so we need to place not only before a verb)
204.(B Replace higher with highest as no comparison is being done)
205.(C Replace years after years with year after year as when two nouns are joined with a
preposition, they are always in singular form)
206.(D rolling out should be used in place of rolling in as roll out means to introduce a new
product or service whereas roll in means to arrive late)
207.(D shut should come in place of broke as the universities closed down, Break down
means to stop working)
208.(B two-thirds will come in place of two-third as any fractional number following a
number other than one is plural)
209.(C Replace very with much as very is used with a positive degree and much is used
with comparative degree)
210. (D rein in is the correct phrase which means to control)

142
211.(B is should be used in place of are as the disease is a singular subject and a singuler
verb will follow it)
212.(B letter should be replaced with letters as man of letters is the correct idiom)
213.(D using „with‟ with the idiom bag and baggage is wrong as bag and baggage itself
means with all belongings)
214. (B Omit most as excellent is never used with most)
215. (A at should be replaced with „with‟ as with the word angry, we use the preposition
with whenever we refer to a person)
216.(B omit into as enter is not followed by into when the meaning is moving from one
physical space to another)
217.(A Replace years with year as when there is a combination of number + unit + noun,
we always use the singular form of the unit)
218.(B machinery should be used in place of machineries as the word machinery doesn't
exist in plural form)
219.(A country‟s should be used in place of country as we need a possessive case here)
220.(B the will come before Sahara as definite article is used before names of deserts)
221. (D its should be replaced with their as heatwaves is a plural noun and a plural pronoun
will be used)
222.(A ago should be used in place of before as when the sentence is in simple past tense,
we use ago, before is used with past perfect tense)
223.(D would should be replaced with should as the conjunction lest is always followed by
the verb should)
224.(D omit not as not is never used with forbid)
225. (B dressing should be replaced with dress as dressing sense is wrong usage)

143
226.(C has should be replaced with have as institutions is plural and require a plural verb)
227. (D companies should replace company as ‗one of the‘ follows a plural noun)
228.(C omit all as quite and all are not used together, quite itself means completely)
229.(D „with‟ will come after grapple to show democracies‟ relation with the subject of the
sentence)
230.(B Replace by with to as the word adhere is always followed by the preposition to)
231.(C latter will be replaced with later as we use later when referring to time and latter
when referring to the second of two persons or things)
232.(D out should be replaced with down as break down means to stop working which is
appropriate in this sentence; break out means to escape, especially forcefully or defiantly)
233.(C about will not come after discuss as discuss itself means to talk about)
234. (B its should be used in place of their as The company is a singular noun)
235.(C on the should be replaced with in as in line with is the correct phrase which means
in accordance with something. On the line means in danger.)
236.(B has should come in place of have as shutdown is a singular subject and requires a
singular verb)
237.(C affects should be replaced with affect as emissions is a plural noun)
238.(D final will not come before destination as destination is always final, the use of final
is superfluous)
239.(D more will be used in place of much as hospital is a countable noun and more is
used with countable nouns and much, with uncountable nouns)

144
CHAPTER 6 - Column based questions
Direction (1-4): In the question given below, three columns are given. Columns 1 and
3 contain different independent sentences. (3 in each column) and Column 2 contains
3 connectors that may or may not join the given sentences in the other two columns.
Mark the option which provides the correct sequences of joined sentences as your
answer.
1)
Columns 1 Columns 2 Columns 3

A) The Indian rupee ended 1) While D) pushed India's current
2022 as the worst- account deficit to a record
performing Asian currency high in the September
with a fall of 11.3 per cent, quarter in absolute terms
its biggest annual decline
since 2013
B) The rupee was also a 2) As E) the dollar index was
victim of a rally in oil prices headed for its biggest
sparked by the Russia- yearly gain since 2015.
Ukraine conflict
C) The rupee finished the 3) As well as F) the dollar rocketed on
year at 82.72 to the US the US Federal Reserve's
currency, down from 74.33 aggressive monetary policy
at the end of 2021 stance to tame inflation.
A) A2E; B3F; C1D
B) A3F; B2D
C) A1D; B2F; C3E
D) A2F; C1E
E) None of the above is correct match
2)

145

A) Several provisions of the 1) while D) the removal of
DPDPB 2022 bestow wide- provisions related to striking
ranging discretionary an MoU across regulators
powers on the government from DPDPB 2022 for
to make rules and establishing inter-regulatory
regulations consistent with coordination is concerning.
the bill.
B) Many regulatory bodies 2) For instance E) introducing the rules
are mandated by statute to made under this bill with
include consultations in the both houses of parliament
process of rule-making. is a welcome move,
ensuring the agility of
rulemaking is important as
technological developments
move rapidly.
C) To fully reap the benefits 3) However F) the Telecom Regulatory
of some of the progressive Authority of India (TRAI)
measures suggested in the and the Airports Economic
DPDPB 2022, it is Regulatory Authority of
important to harmonise India are bodies mandated
legal frameworks and build to conduct consultative
coordination in processes.
implementing them.
A) A2E; B3D; C1F
B) A3F; C2E
C) A1E; B2F
D) A1E; B2F; C3D
3)

146
A) It is unlikely that Covid 1) But D) there seems little chance

will be completely of a significant outbreak of
eliminated the disease in India in the
next two months, a top
infectious diseases expert
said on Friday.
B) It is uncertain when or if 2) since E) suggested that the high-

Covid will become an risk group might have to go
endemic for a booster dose
C) Taking to Twitter, Koul 3) moreover F) it is unlikely that it will be

said India had an completely eliminated.
advantage in dealing with
Covid due to widespread
hybrid immunity
A) A1E; B3F; C1D
B) A1D; B1F; C1E
C) A1D; B1F; C3E
D) A2F; C1E
E) A1D; B2F; C3E
4)
A) An interesting 1) Besides D) State support is

development in India lately important to formalise the
is that the Constitution has work on the values of the
become a site of Constitution, which is
engagement for people currently scattered.
from all walks of life.

147
B) The democratic spirit 2) However E) these engagements are

among common individuals restricted to non-State
gets strengthened when actors. Constitutional
they come to know and literacy plays an important
understand more about the role in cultivating a
Constitution and its spirit. democratic spirit.
C) The efforts to cultivate 3) Therefore F) the State, as the core of

constitutional values among the framework of
citizens and impart democracy, plays a
constitutional literacy to significant role in
them can only be sustained developing or depreciating
with State support. the democratic spirit.
A) A2E; B3F; C1D
B) Only C1D
C) A1F; B2E; C1D
D) A2F; C1E
Direction (5-8): In the following questions two columns are given containing three
Sentences/phrases each. In first column, sentences/phrases are A, B and C and in the
second column the sentences/phrases are D, E and F. A sentence/phrase from the
first column may or may not connect with another sentence/phrase from the second
column to make a grammatically and contextually correct sentence. Each question
has five options, four of which display the sequence(s) in which the
sentences/phrases can be joined to form a grammatically and contextually correct
sentence. If none of the options given form a correct sentence after combination,
mark option (E), i.e. “None of these” as your answer.
5)
Column A Column B
A) Our planet has been warming rapidly D) even further back in time.
since

148
B) Multiple independent teams of scientists E) the dawn of the Industrial Revolution.

have reached the same result -
C) Scientists can reconstruct temperature F) a spike in temperatures coinciding with
fluctuations the onset of the industrial era.
A) A-F, B-D, and C-E
B) A-D, B-F, and C-E
C) A-E, B-F, and C-D
D) A-F, B-E, and C-D
6)
Column A Column B
A) The number of people testing positive D) even if they have had Covid before.
across the UK has been rising
B) Many of the recent cases have been E) fast-spreading sub-variants of Omicron,
caused by called BA.4 and BA.5.
C) People are still able to catch the F) since the start of June but the rate of
infection rise is showing signs of slowing down.
7)
Column A Column B
A) Seven years ago, only 19% of India‘s D) That figure now stands at nearly 60%.
1.3 billion people had access to the
internet.
B) It‘s all part of Prime Minister Narendra E) the success of the programme and to

149
Modi‘s ambitious plan see how it has transformed people's lives.

C) The BBC‘s Shruti Menon travelled F) to make India a trillion-dollar digital
across the country to assess economy.
8)
Column A Column B
A) Ukraine has accused Moscow of D) has been running well below capacity
waging a "gas war" against Europe for weeks.
B) Russian energy firm Gazprom E) to allow work on a turbine on the Nord
announced it is once again reducing gas Stream 1 pipeline.
flows into Germany
C) The Nord Stream 1 pipeline, which F) and cutting supplies to inflict "terror" on
pumps gas from Russia to Germany people.
C) A-E, B-D, and C-F
Direction : In the question given below, three columns are given. Columns 1 and 3
contain different independent sentences. (3 in each column) and Column 2 contains 3
connectors that may or may not join the given sentences in the other two columns.
answer.

150
Q.9)

since 2013
Ukraine conflict
A) A2E; B3F; C1D
B) A3F; B2D
C) A1D; B2F; C3E
D) A2F; C1E
Q10)

the bill.

151

move rapidly.
implementing them.
A) A2E; B3D; C1F
B) A3F; C2E
C) A1E; B2F
D) A1E; B2F; C3D
Q.11)


152
said on Friday.


hybrid immunity
A) A1E; B3F; C1D
B) A1D; B1F; C1E
C) A1D; B1F; C3E
D) A2F; C1E
E) A1D; B2F; C3E
Q.12)



153

A) A2E; B3F; C1D
B) Only C1D
C) A1F; B2E; C1D
D) A2F; C1E
Directions : There are three statements divided into three parts. These parts of the
statements may or may not have an error. There are two columns, column A contains
the statements and column B contains the parts that may have errors. You have to
match the statements with their respective parts that may have an error.
13
Column A Column B
1. Experts believe that the wealth of 4. A
tracking data generated by (A)/ the
technology will soon be used by coaches
for (B)/ tactical analyses and gauge
individual athlete performances (C)/ No
error (D).

154
2. The decision includes a transitional 5. B

committee to (A)/ prepare elements
relating to the operationalisation (B)/ of the
new funding arrangements to be adopted
at COP28 (C)/ No error (D).
3. On November 14, Google reached an 6. C
agreement with (A)/ the Attorney General
of 40 U.S. States to pay a (B)/ historic
$391.5 million settlement, over its location
tracking practices (C)/ No error (D).
A) Only 1-6 and 3-5
B) Only 3-4 and 2-6
C) Only 2-4 and 3-5
D) All 1-4, 2-5, and 3-6
E) All sentences are correct.
14)
Column A Column B
1. In the entire climate change 4. A

negotiations, (A)/ the developed countries
have consistently opposed (B)/ being
made liable for climate-change related
adverse effects (C)/ No error (D).
2. The Supreme Court has sought the 5. B

Government‘s response (A)/ to appeals to
allow same-sex marriage under (B)/ a
special law, in another bid to provide legal
sanction to widening social customs (C)/
No error (D).
3. The Uttarakhand High Court last week 6. C

stayed till (A)/ December 15 all further

155
construction activities (B)/ taking place in

Jilling Estate, a small hamlet in Nainital
district (C)/ No error (D).
A) Only 1-6 and 3-5
B) Only 3-4 and 2-6
C) Only 2-4 and 3-5
D) All 1-4, 2-5, and3-6
15)
Column A Column B
1. In the new guidelines, websites have to 4. A

make sure (A)/ that all systems have anti-
fraud mechanisms in place to (B)/ protect
personal data from internal and external
fraud (C)/ No error (D).
2. Cybersecurity experts note that apps 5. B
that let (A)/ users connect smartphones or
laptops to wireless earplugs (B)/ can
record conversations, and is vulnerable to
hacks (C)/ No error (D).
3. Congress leader Shashi Tharoor‘s 6. C
recent hectic five-day Malabar tour that
has got the party‘s (A)/ Kerala leadership
hot under the collar is intricate connected
to the (B)/ party‘s Delhi intrigues and the
events that followed his unsuccessful run
in the Congress presidential election (C)/
No error (D).

156
A) Only 1-6 and 3-5
B) Only 3-5 and 2-6
C) Only 2-4 and 3-5
D) All 1-4, 2-5, and 3-6
Direction : In the question given below, three columns are given. Columns 1 and 3
contain different independent sentences. (3 in each column) and Column 2 contains 3
connectors that may or may not join the given sentences in the other two columns.
answer.
16)

since 2013
Ukraine conflict
A) A2E; B3F; C1D
B) A3F; B2D

157
C) A1D; B2F; C3E
D) A2F; C1E
17)

the bill.
move rapidly.
implementing them.
A) A2E; B3D; C1F
B) A3F; C2E
C) A1E; B2F

158
D) A1E; B2F; C3D
18)

said on Friday.


hybrid immunity
A) A1E; B3F; C1D
B) A1D; B1F; C1E
C) A1D; B1F; C3E
D) A2F; C1E
E) A1D; B2F; C3E
19)

159



A) A2E; B3F; C1D
B) Only C1D
C) A1F; B2E; C1D
D) A2F; C1E
ANSWER
1.Answer: D
A2F: The Indian rupee ended 2022 as the worst-performing Asian currency with a fall of
11.3 per cent, its biggest annual decline since 2013, as the dollar rocketed on the US
Federal Reserve's aggressive monetary policy stance to tame inflation.

160
C1E: The rupee finished the year at 82.72 to the US currency, down from 74.33 at the end
of 2021, while the dollar index was headed for its biggest yearly gain since 2015.
The rupee was also a victim of a rally in oil prices sparked by the Russia-Ukraine conflict,
which pushed India's current account deficit to a record high in the September quarter in
absolute terms. (AS well as: contextually inappropriate)
2.Answer: D
A1E: Several provisions of the DPDPB 2022 bestow wide-ranging discretionary powers on
the government to make rules and regulations consistent with the bill. While introducing the
rules made under this bill with both houses of parliament is a welcome move, ensuring the
agility of rulemaking is important as technological developments move rapidly.
B2F: Many regulatory bodies are mandated by statute to include consultations in the
process of rule-making. For instance, the Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI) and
the Airports Economic Regulatory Authority of India are bodies mandated to conduct
consultative processes.
C3D: To fully reap the benefits of some of the progressive measures suggested in the
DPDPB 2022, it is important to harmonise legal frameworks and build coordination in
implementing them. However, the removal of provisions related to striking an MoU across
regulators from DPDPB 2022 for establishing inter-regulatory coordination is concerning.
3.Answer: B
A1D: It is unlikely that Covid will be completely eliminated but there seems little chance of a
significant outbreak of the disease in India in the next two months, a top infectious diseases
expert said on Friday.
B1F: It is uncertain when or if Covid will become an endemic, but it is unlikely that it will be
completely eliminated.
C1E: Taking to Twitter, Koul said India had an advantage in dealing with Covid due to
widespread hybrid immunity but suggested that the high-risk group might have to go for a
booster dose.
4.Answer: A
A2E: An interesting development in India lately is that the Constitution has become a site of
engagement for people from all walks of life. However, these engagements are restricted to

161
non-State actors. Constitutional literacy plays an important role in cultivating a democratic

spirit.
B3F: The democratic spirit among common individuals gets strengthened when they come
to know and understand more about the Constitution and its spirit. Therefore, the State, as
the core of the framework of democracy, plays a significant role in developing or
depreciating the democratic spirit.
C1D: The efforts to cultivate constitutional values among citizens and impart constitutional
literacy to them can only be sustained with State support. Besides, State support is
important to formalise the work on the values of the Constitution, which is currently
scattered.
5.Answer: C
Explanation:
The correct combinations are: A-E, B-F, and C-D
A-E: Our planet has been warming rapidly since the dawn of the Industrial Revolution.
B-F: Multiple independent teams of scientists have reached the same result - a spike in
temperatures coinciding with the onset of the industrial era.
C-D: Scientists can reconstruct temperature fluctuations even further back in time.
6.Answer: D
Explanation:
The correct combinations are: A-F, B-E, and C-D
A-F: The number of people testing positive across the UK has been rising since the start of
June but the rate of rise is showing signs of slowing down.
B-E: Many of the recent cases have been caused by fast-spreading sub-variants of
Omicron, called BA.4 and BA.5.
C-D: People are still able to catch the infection even if they have had Covid before.

162
7.Answer: B
Explanation:
The correct combinations are: A-D, B-F, and C-E
A-D: Seven years ago, only 19% of India‘s 1.3 billion people had access to the internet. That
figure now stands at nearly 60%.
B-F: It‘s all part of Prime Minister Narendra Modi‘s ambitious plan to make India a trillion-
dollar digital economy.
C-E: The BBC‘s Shruti Menon travelled across the country to assess the success of the
programme and to see how it has transformed people's lives.
Hence, option B is the correct answer.
8.Answer: D
Explanation:
The correct combinations are: A-F, B-E, and C-D
A-F: Ukraine has accused Moscow of waging a "gas war" against Europe and cutting
supplies to inflict "terror" on people.
B-E: Russian energy firm Gazprom announced it is once again reducing gas flows into
Germany to allow work on a turbine on the Nord Stream 1 pipeline.
C-D: The Nord Stream 1 pipeline, which pumps gas from Russia to Germany, has been
running well below capacity for weeks.
9.Answer: D

163
10.Answer: D
11.Answer: B
booster dose.
12.Answer: A
spirit.

164
scattered.
13.Answer: A
1: ―gauge‖ must be replaced by ―gauging‖.
2: No error
3: General must be replaced by Generals (of 40 states)
14.Answer: E
All sentences are free from error.
15.Answer: B
1: correct.
2: is must be replaced by are. (subject: apps)
3: intricate must be replaced by intricately
16.Answer: D
17.Answer: D

165
18.Answer: B
booster dose.
19.Answer: A
spirit.

166
scattered.
CHAPTER - 7 MISCELLANEOUS PATTERN QUESTIONS
PARAJUMBLE
Directions : Rearrange the following SEVEN sentences A, B, C, D, E, and F in a proper

sequence to form a meaningful paragraph. Then answer the questions given below.

167
A) ―My dream was to live by the sea,‖ says Alex.
B) After two years living in Southeast Asia, Alex moved back to the UK in March 2021, with
her husband Joe following a few months later.
C) But after months of uncertainty about whether they would be required back in the office,
the consultancy business Joe works for announced it was looking for a space in central
London.
D) ―We moved in with Joe‘s parents, and tried to decide where we could buy a place.‖
E) ―That was a curveball, because it came after several years of not having an office – and
there was no clear explanation of how often he would need to be back in,‖ says Alex, who
works as a civil servant.
F) Both Londoners by origin, they wanted to put down roots somewhere outside the city.
G) The couple began house hunting on the south coast of England, and came close to
putting in an offer.
1) Which of the following options is the pair of the terminal statement and the
introductory statement, respectively, after the correct rearrangement?
A) F, D
B) E, B
c) G, F
d) None of the above option
2) Which of the following should be the pair of the second and the penultimate
sentences of the paragraph respectively?
A) E, B
B) B, E
C) A, C
D) F, C
E) C, A
3) Which of the following should be the pair of the first and the antepenultimate
sentences of the paragraph respectively?

168
A) E, C
B) B, D
C) B, G
D) F, E
E) D, E
4) Which of the following should be the combination of THREE consecutive sentences of

the paragraph respectively?
A) FCE
B) ADG
C) BDA
D) ADC
E) CFB
5) Which of the following should be the pair of the third and the fourth sentences of the
paragraph respectively?
A) E, C
B) B, D
C) A, D
D) F, E
E) D, B
Directions :In the question given below, a set of SEVEN sentences is given, which
when properly sequenced, form a coherent passage. Arrange the sentences in the
correct sequence, and answer the questions.
There are many questions based on this para jumble, first solve those questions.

169
A) This positive yet obvious sign of recovery in unemployment is attributed to just the
opening up of the markets.
B) September 30 from 9.8 percent (A)/ the unemployment rate (B)/ during the second
quarter ending on (C)/ in urban India reduced to 7.2 percent (D)/ in India for people aged 15
years and above/ (E).
C) However, questions about the quality of this information remain.
D) To answer the question - of how far have we reached after 75 years of independence in
terms of development as a nation - requires estimates on the same issues.
E) The data story in the growth and development of any nation is ________, especially for
countries like India, where growth potential is ___________ along with everlasting
development issues of poverty, inequality and unemployment.
F) while it was 9.5 percent in April-June (U)/ the unemployment rate among females (aged
15 years and above) (V)/ data from the National Statistical Office‘s (W)/ a year ago (X)/ 16th
Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS) showed that (Y)/ in urban areas slowed to 9.4 percent
in July-September from 11.6 percent (Z).
A) This positive yet obvious sign of recovery in unemployment is attributed to just the
opening up of the markets.
6) Which of the following idiom (s) can appropriately describe the situation described in the
given sentence?
1. be on the mend
2. rise to the occasion
3. hang on in there
A) Only 1
B) Both 2 and 3
C) Only 1 and 2
D) Both 1 and 3
E) All 1, 2 and 3
7) Rearrange this statement and make a meaningful sentence:

B) September 30 from 9.8 percent (A)/ the unemployment rate (B)/ during the second
quarter ending on (C)/ in urban India reduced to 7.2 percent (D)/ in India for people
aged 15 years and above (E)
A) EDACB
B) BEDCA
C) CEDAB
D) EBDCA

170
The data story in the growth and development of any nation is __________, especially
for countries like India, where growth potential is _______ along with everlasting
development issues of poverty, inequality and unemployment.
8) Which of the following word (s) can fill the blanks in the above statement, respectively?
1. indispensable, profuse
2. crucial, ample
3. essential, copious
A) Only 1
B) Both 2 and 3
C) Only 1 and 2
D) Both 1 and 3
E) All 1, 2 and 3
9) Rearrange this statement and make a meaningful sentence:
F) while it was 9.5 percent in April-June (U)/ the unemployment rate among females
(aged 15 years and above) (V)/ data from the National Statistical Office‟s (W)/ a year
ago (X)/ 16th Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS) showed that (Y)/ in urban areas
slowed to 9.4 percent in July-September from 11.6 percent (Z).
A) XYVZUW
B) WVYZUX
C) WYVZXU
D) UXZYWV
E) YVZUXW
10) Which of the following is the pair of the SECOND statement and the LAST statement
respectively, after the correct rearrangement?
A) EA
B) BC
C) AC
D) FD
11) Which of the following combinations is the combination of THREE CONSECUTIVE


171
A) EAC
B) BFA
C) ACF
D) FDC
Sentence Improvement
Directions : In each question, a part of the sentences is in bold. Below are given
alternatives to bold part marked A, B, C, and D which may improve the sentence.
Choose the correct alternative. In case no replacement is needed, mark E as your
answer.
12) The news were releasing as part of a campaign to increase vaccination rates,
especially of boosters.
A) The news had being released as part of a campaign
B) The news was released as part of a campaign
C) The news was releasing as part of a campaign
D) The news were released as part of a campaign
E) No improvement is required.
13) Officials are trying to increase vaccination rates, which are considered too low for the
country to reopening safely.
A) which are considered too low for the country to reopen safely.
B) which are been considered too low for the country to reopen safely.
C) which are considered too low for the country to reopen safe.
D) which are been considered too low for the country to reopen safe.
14) A number of people at the apartment complex in the southern Chinese city had
recently test positive for Covid.
A) the southern Chinese city has recently tested positive for Covid.

172
B) the southern Chinese city had recent test positive for Covid.
C) the southern Chinese city had recent tested positive for Covid.
D) the southern Chinese city had recently tested positive for Covid.
15) Lots of patients understand that what they need to do is remove food remnants,"
says Hirschfeld.
A) Lots of patients understand that what they needs
B) Lots of patients understands that what they need
C) Lot of patients understand that what they needs
D) Lot of patients understands that what they need
16) European energy ministers are meeting in Brussels on Tuesday where they hope to
sign of on a joint response to the crisis.
A) they hope to sign in on a joint response to the crisis.
B) they hope to sign out on a joint response to the crisis.
C) they hope to sign up on a joint response to the crisis.
D) they hope to sign off on a joint response to the crisis.
E) No improvement is needed.
Directions : Identify the similar phrase(s) that is/are similar in meaning to the IDIOM in
bold. If none of the options convey the correct meaning. Mark (E) as your answer. The
options do not necessarily need to be grammatically correct.
17. I haven't been here in donkey's years—I can't believe how much the town has
changed.
(a) A short period of time

173
(b) Lacking intelligence
(c) A straw hat.
(d) A long time
Q18. I didn't get a chance to ask her about that because she was talking up a storm the
whole night.
(a) To talk vigorously
(b) Talking about predictions
(c) To talk slowly
(d) Talking about abilities of someone
Q19. The official story is that he's sick, but I think he's just taking French leave.
(a) To stop attending office
(b) A secret departure
(c) Take an initiative
(d) Taking permission for leave
Q20. Boy, that singer last night was the cat's pajamas, wasn't she?
(a) Highly enjoyable
(b) Funny moment
(c) Very disappointing
(d) Sad moment


174
Q21. They stole the championship from us last year, but now it's payback time.
(a) It is time to forget and move on
(b) It is time for revenge
(c) It is time to feel sorry
(d) It is time to respect someone
Directions : In each question below, some words printed in bold are given. These are
numbered (a), (b), (c), and (d). One of these words printed in bold might either be
wrongly spelt or inappropriate in the context of the sentence. Find out the word that
is inappropriate or wrongly spelt, if any. The number of that word is your answer. If
the words printed in bold are correctly spelt and appropriate in the context of the
sentence then mark (e) i.e. „No error‟, as your answer.
22. When I went outside (A) early in the morning, the due (B) on the grass made (C) my
shoes wet (D).
(a) Outside
(b) Due
(c) Made
(d) Wet
(e) All are correct.
Q23. The risk of spreading (A) the virus to neighbouring fauns (B) through contaminated
feeding stuff or undisturbed slurry (C) is considered to be minimal (D).
(a) spreading
(b) fauns
(c) slurry

175
(d) minimal
(e) All are correct.
Q24. We appeared (A) to be docile, tame (B), subservient, complacence (C) and non-
protesting against that line of conduct (D).
(a) appeared
(b) tame
(c) complacent
(d) conduct
(e) All are correct
Q25. Eight building phases (A) on a single farmyard are exceptional (B), but three or four
overlapping (C) ground plans are quiet (D) common.
(a) phases
(b) exceptional
(c) overlapping
(d) quiet
(e) All are correct
Q26. The political candidate knew the issue was a hot potato (A), so he deferred (B) to his
chief of staff, who directed (C) questions to the committee (D) chairperson.
(a) a hot potato
(b) deferred
(c) directed
(d) committee
(e) All are correct
Directions : In the following question, two statements and five connectors are given.
Only one of the connectors from those given can be used to combine the given two

176
statements into one sentence without changing the meaning. Choose that connector
as your answer.
27. a) Every day I find how little I know, but I do not feel discouraged.
b) God has given me an eternity in which to learn more.
(a) On the other hand
(b) Since
(c) Although
(d) Despite
Q28. a) He does not know how to operate a machine
b) He is trying his best to learn.
(a) Nevertheless
(b) Since
(c) As
(d) Hence
Direction: In the following questions, a sentence has been divided into five parts.
Choose the part that contains error from the given alternatives.
29. Some of it is known, but the (A)/ function of each of the thirty (B)/ thousand genes have
to be (C)/ figured out one at a time (D)/ No error (E).
(a) Some of it is known, but the
(b) function of each of the thirty
(c) thousand genes have to be
(d) figured out one at a time.
(e) No error

177
Q30. Dusk had been fallen (A)/ while she tested the (B)/ magic and her ability (C)/ to control
it (D)/ No error (E).
(a) Dusk had been fallen
(b) while she tested the
(c) magic and her ability
(d) to control it
(e) No error
Q31. He spoke slow in a (A)/ loud voice and throwing (B)/ out his chest slightly (C)/ swayed
one leg (D).
(a) He spoke slow in a
(b) loud voice and throwing
(c) out his chest slightly
(d) swayed one leg.
(e) No error
Q32. With respect to wit (A)/, I learned that there was (B)/ not much difference between (C)
the half and the whole (D)/ No error.
(a) With respect to wit
(b) I learned that there was
(c) not much difference between
(d) the half and the whole.
(e) No error
Q33. As a matter of fact (A),/ she was starting to think that (B)/ her idea of the right man (C)/
was nothing more then a pipe dream (D)/ No error.
(a) As a matter of fact
(b) she was starting to think that
(c) her idea of the right man


178
(d) was nothing more then a pipe dream
(e) No error.
Directions : SIX statements are given below, which are jumbled in any random
order. When arranged in the correct sequence, these statements will form a coherent
and meaningful paragraph. Arrange the sentences in the right order and answer the
A) In the last year, more than 70,000 people globally have been laid off by Big Tech
companies – and that doesn‘t count the downstream effect of contractors (and other
organisations) losing business as budgets tighten.
B) And what does it mean for the industry, and you?
C) However, the tech news cycle recently hasn‘t been dominated by the latest gadget or
innovation.
D) What exactly led to this massive shakeout?
E) Instead, layoffs are in the headlines.
F) Tech companies are always in the news, usually touting the next big thing.
34) Which of the following is the pair of the ANTEPENULTIMATE statement and the
PENULTIMATE statement respectively, after the correct rearrangement?
A) AD
B) BC
C) CF
D) EA
35) Which of the following is the pair of the SECOND statement and the FOURTH
statement respectively, after the correct rearrangement?

179
A) AD
B) BC
C) CF
D) CA

A) ADE
B) EAD
C) CFA
D) CDA
Directions : In the following question, a sentence is given with five words marked as
(A), (B), (C), (D) and (E). These words may or may not be placed at their correct
places. Four options with different arrangements of these words have been provided.
Mark the option with the correct arrangement as the answer. If no rearrangement is
required, mark option (5) as your answer.
37) India‘s Adani Group has misinformation (A) considering (B) of fraud made by
Hindenburg Research as ―baseless‖ and a ―malicious (C) combination of selective
allegations (D),‖ and is denounced (E) legal action against the US-based short seller.
A) BCDEA
B) EACBD
C) DABEC
D) EDCAB
E) no rearrangement required
38) The urgent business case for outpacing (A) new ways of hiring has never been clearer.
The demand for workers in the US is heightened (B) the supply, and finding the best talent

180
is going to be increasingly (C) difficult as the world navigates (D) a period of finding (E)
economic uncertainty.
A) ECDBA
B) EACDB
C) DABEC
D) EDCAB
E) no rearrangement required
Direction In the following question two statements are given. Each sentence is
divided into four parts and they're jumbled. Also, in the sentences, certain words are
in bold and numbered from a to h, which are the possible pairs to be interchanged.
Choose the pair(s) of the words that need(s) to be interchanged and after rearranging
the words, arrange the parts to make the sentences grammatically correct. You also
have to derive the tones for each sentence.)
I) with interacting (a) offers (p)/ a stranger calls on the phone using some balance (b) (q)/
to be someone else or lure you (r)/ and starts talking (c). Sometimes they can location (d)
(s)
II) personal details about whom the person (m)/ is irresistible (e) with, the pretend (f) of the
person (n)/ a phone number often gives (g) away (o)/ their bank pretext (h), and so on (p)
39) Which of the following pairs can be interchanged to make both the sentences
grammatically and contextually correct?
A. Only a-e, d-f and b-h
B. All a-f, d-e, g-c and b-h
C. All a-h, d-e, g-c and b-f
D. Only a-f, d-e and b-h
E. No replacement required
40) Which of the correct orders of the parts will make both the sentences coherent?
A) srpq and nopm

181
B) qsrp and omnp
C) psrq and omnp
D) qspr and pnom
E) No replacement required
41) How would you describe the author's tones in the sentences respectively?
1. pedagogic, intrigued
2. factual, consultatory
3. cautious, informative
A) Only 1
B) Both 2 and 3
C) Only 3
D) All 1, 2 and 3
E) None of 1, 2 and 3
42) Which of the following pairs can be interchanged to make both the sentences
grammatically and contextually correct?
A. Only a-e, d-f and b-h
B. All a-f, d-e, g-c and b-h
C. All a-h, d-e, g-c and b-f
D. Only a-f, d-e and b-h
E. No replacement required
43) Which of the correct orders of the parts will make both the sentences coherent?
A) rsqp and nopm
B) qsrp and omnp


182
C) qrsp and omnp
D) rqsp and npmo
E) No replacement required
44) How would you describe the author's tones in the sentences respectively?
a. pedagogic, intrigued
b. delusional, consultatory
c. critical, interpretative
A) Only 1
B) Both 2 and 3
C) Only 3
D) All 1, 2 and 3
E) None of 1, 2 and 3
CT+PJ
Direction : Below are some statements, given in a random order. When these
statements are sequenced properly, they‟ll form a coherent and meaningful
paragraph.
There is\are some blank (s) in every statement. You have to choose the correct word
(s) for each blank and complete the statements.
A) However, it is a lesser-known fact that the ________ of nutrition and general well-being
on mood ________ a relationship between the food, gut health, and brain.
B) Blood sugar fluctuations and nutritional imbalances cause ___________ in mood and
emotional well-being.
C) Additionally, research has shown that a _______ inflammatory diet — which comprises
sugary drinks, fried food, processed meat, high-fat dairy, and sweets — is ____________ an
increased risk of depression and poor mental health.

183
D) Factors such as stress, improper sleep, nutritional deficiencies, and mood disorders
_________ our mood.
E) Therefore, it is __________ to understand how unhealthy eating patterns affect our mood
and ______________ well-being.
F) ________ the link between diet, depression, stress, and anxiety focuses on inflammation
in the brain, the role of the immune system in the development of importance, and the
disturbances in thinking and behaviour are associated with depression and other health
issues.
G) While ―Good food, good mood‖ is a commonly used phrase, how often do we
______________ the real meaning behind it?
45) However, it is a lesser-known fact that the _______ of nutrition and general well-being
on mood _______ a relationship between the food, gut health, and brain.
Which of the following combinations of WORDS can most appropriately fit in the blanks in
1. effect, outlines
2. impact; depicts
3. influences; portrays
A) Only 2
B) Both 1 and 2
C) Both 2 and 3
D) Both 1 and 3
E) All 1, 2 and 3
46) Blood sugar fluctuations and nutritional imbalances cause __________ in mood and
emotional well-being.
Which of the following words can most appropriately fit in the blank in the above statement?
1. variations
2. alterations
3. disparities

184
A) Only 2
B) Both 1 and 2
C) Both 2 and 3
D) Both 1 and 3
E) All 1, 2 and 3
47) Additionally, research has shown that a _______ inflammatory diet — which comprises
sugary drinks, fried food, processed meat, high-fat dairy, and sweets — is ___________ an
increased risk of depression and poor mental health.
1. typical, associated with
2. quintessential, belonging to
3. distinctive, affiliated with
A) Only 1
B) Both 1 and 2
C) Both 2 and 3
D) Both 1 and 3
E) All 1, 2 and 3
48) Factors such as stress, improper sleep, nutritional deficiencies, and mood disorders
_________ our mood.
Which of the following words can most appropriately fit in the blank in the above statement?
1. altar
2. precede
3. influence
A) Only 3
B) Both 1 and 2

185
C) Both 2 and 3
D) Both 1 and 3
E) All 1, 2 and 3
49) Therefore, it is __________ to understand how unhealthy eating patterns affect our
mood and _____________ well-being.
1. vital; cognitive
2. essential; physiological
3. imperative; psychological
A) Only 3
B) Both 1 and 2
C) Both 2 and 3
D) Both 1 and 3
E) All 1, 2 and 3
50) __________ the link between diet, depression, stress, and anxiety focuses on
inflammation in the brain, the role of the immune system in the development of importance,
and the disturbances in thinking and behaviour are associated with depression and other
health issues.
Which of the following connectors can most appropriately fit in the blank in the above
statement?
1. Thus
2. While
3. Since
A) Only 3
B) Only 2
C) Only 1

186
D) All 1, 2 and 3
E) None 1, 2 and 3
51) While ―Good food, good mood‖ is a commonly used phrase, how often do we
_____________ the real meaning behind it?
Which of the following phrases can most appropriately fit in the blank in the above
statement?
1. chew over
2. mull over
3. ponder over
A) Only 3
B) Both 1 and 2
C) Both 2 and 3
D) Both 1 and 3
E) All 1, 2 and 3
52) Which of the following options is the pair of the ANTEPENULTIMATE statement and
the PENULTIMATE statement, respectively, after the correct rearrangement?
A) BG
B) FB
C) DE
D) FA
E) CG
53) Which of the following options is the pair of the FIRST statement and the LAST
statement, respectively, after the correct rearrangement?
A) GB
B) FE
C) GE

187
D) FA
E) AG

A) DAC
B) FEA
C) GDE
D) FBA
E) AFG
: Each question has three sets of statements. Each set contains a pair of sentences
wherein the first statement consists of an idiom/phrase while the second statement
talks about a situation which may or may not depict the meaning of the idiom/phrase.
You are required to select the pairs which correctly show the meaning of the idioms
in the second statement.
Q55.
M.
a. Our project was going well, but we hit a stone wall when our funding was suddenly
cut.
b. Many would like to emigrate to the United States, but face formidable hurdles.
N.
a. It's dry at the moment, but those dark clouds look like they could lash down on us at
any moment.
b. The sky grew dark and it started to thunder.
O.
a. I thought the date went off without a hitch, but he never called me back.
b. Other than a brief delay at the airport, our trip has happened without any problems at
all.
A. Only M and N B. Only M and O C. Only N and O D. All M, N and O E. None of

M, N and O

188
Q56
. M.
a. Come bend your elbow at the bar with us tonight!
b. My husband and I like to dance at home to the radio.
N.
a. By the time I arrived on the scene, Kate and Jen were already arguing.
b. When did the police arrive the place where the crime took place?
O.
a. Ever since his arrest, the CEO's attorney has served as his mouthpiece.
b. An official spokesperson for the airline said that flights would run as scheduled.

M, N and O
Q57
. M.
a. The littlest thing tends to anger my mother, so I feel like I have to walk on eggshells
whenever I'm at her house.
b. I've to act with great care and consideration so as not to upset someone.
N.
a. The lawyer stood up, cleared his throat and began to address the jury.
b. It's important to cough slightly, especially before speaking or to attract somebody‘s
attention.
O.
a. Don't bog down your brother with more suggestions—his paper is due tomorrow, so
he needs to commit to a topic and just write about it!
b. I don't want to burden you with my problems.

M, N and O

189
There are various questions based on each of the statements. Read every statement
carefully and answer the questions that follow.
(a) The reasons for what is being touted as a crisis in fine dining are not difficult to guess.
(b) Some fine dining restaurants have been known to be pits of intensive labour
accompanied by toxic work cultures.
(c) Noma was the address to which gastro tourists flocked, like moths to light, in the hope of
savoring such exotic and constantly-evolving dishes as grilled reindeer hearts on a bed of
fresh pine or saffron ice cream in a beeswax bowl.
(d) Food inflation, a global phenomenon, is biting into the profit margins: by some estimates,
the cost of eggs has risen by 49% in a year.
(e) Fine dining is not at its finest at the moment; for instance, the final round of drinks and
desserts, in a manner of speaking, will soon be ordered at Noma, the Copenhagen-based
restaurant, which dazzled the world with its three Michelin stars and found itself on the top of
the perch of the World‘s 50 Best Restaurants list for a record-breaking fifth time.
(f) But by 2024, Noma will shut shop, following in the footsteps of a number of its illustrious
brethren, including Manresa, another three-Michelin-star winner based in California and the
Willows Inn, which tasted disgrace, albeit for different reasons.
(g) However, extraneous pressures are not the only villains of the piece.
(h) It appears that these two factors, documented brilliantly by George Orwell in Down and
Out in Paris and London 90 years ago, remain the proverbial Achilles‘ heel of modern fancy
restaurants.

190
(a) The reasons for what is being touted as a crisis in fine dining are not difficult to guess.
Q58. Rewrite the above statement keeping the meaning of the statement absolutely
intact.
a. It's not difficult to conjecture the reasons responsible for the repeatedly mentioned
setback in fine dining.
b. Gauging the reasons shown as a crisis in fine dining look isn't difficult.
c. The reasons that are being endorsed as the setback in fine dining aren't difficult to
predict.
(b) Some fine dining restaurants have been known to be pits of intensive labour
accompanied by toxic work cultures.
Q59. Which of the following statements can justify the above statement?
a. Most fine kitchens are modelled after a militaristic brigade system where orders are
barked at subordinates.
b. Fine dining kitchens - especially in upscale eateries - have all of the ingredients for
being difficult places to work - long hours; high stress, especially when multiple orders
are placed at once; close quarters.
c. At fine dining restaurants, people operate on a non-hierarchical model.

and c

191
(c) Noma was the address to which gastro tourists flocked, like moths to light, in the hope of
savoring such exotic and constantly-evolving dishes as grilled reindeer hearts on a bed of
fresh pine or saffron ice cream in a beeswax bowl.
Q60. Which of the following statements can possibly be made on Noma, which will
support the description above to some extent?
a. Noma‘s cooking style, using foraged local ingredients, is known as ―New Nordic,‖ and
it‘s won the establishment three Michelin stars and numerous awards since opening
in 2003 for its outstanding quality.
b. No trip to Noma is ever the same, because they use unexpected ingredients and turn
them into highly palatable plates.
c. The cuisine of Noma is Nordic/Scandinavian; the restaurant's founders René Redzepi
and Claus Meyer have attempted to redefine this Nordic cuisine.

and c
(d) Food inflation, a global phenomenon, is biting into the profit margins: by some estimates,
the cost of eggs has risen by 49% in a year.
Q61. Which of the following statements about inflation can be concluded, according
to the above statement?
a. Inflation directly produces higher profits.

b. If profit margins are rising, it means the prices that companies charge for their
products are increasing at a faster rate than increases in production costs.
c. Once inflation becomes prevalent throughout an economy, the expectation of further
inflation becomes an overriding concern in the consciousness of consumers and
businesses alike.
A. Only a B. Only c C. Only b and c D. Only b E. None of a, b and c

192
(e) Fine dining is not at its finest at the moment; for instance, the final round of drinks and
desserts, in a manner of speaking, will soon be ordered at Noma, the Copenhagen-based
restaurant, which dazzled the world with its three Michelin stars and found itself on the top of
the perch of the World‘s 50 Best Restaurants list for a record-breaking fifth time.
Q62. What does the author actually want to convey in the above statement?
a. As Noma prepares to close, there are many allegations about working conditions that
some interns faced at Noma.
b. Noma, a restaurant that landed at the top of The World's 50 Best Restaurants list five
times, will be closing its doors soon.
c. Noma, one of the world‘s best restaurants, is unsustainable now.

and c
(f) But by 2024, Noma will shut shop, following in the footsteps of a number of its illustrious
brethren, including Manresa, another three-Michelin-star winner based in California and the
Willows Inn, which tasted disgrace, albeit for different reasons.
Q63. Which of the following statements can be made from the above statement?
a. Three-Michelin-Star Manresa has closed.

b. More than a year after allegations of a toxic workplace culture surfaced, one of
America‘s Willows Inn restaurants has closed.
c. Rated the best and most iconic restaurant in the world, Noma, the eatery in
Copenhagen, Denmark, is expected to reopen in a new capacity.

and c

193
(g) However, extraneous pressures are not the only villains of the piece.
Q64. There is a word - extraneous - in the above statement.

You've to use this word in the same way it has been used in the above statement.
a. These questions are extraneous to the issue being discussed as they're not directly
connected with or related to the issue.
b. When the transmitter pack is turned off no extraneous noise is heard.
c. Obviously, some degree of packaging is necessary to transport and protect the
products we need, but all too often manufacturers add extraneous wrappers over
wrappers and layers of unnecessary plastic.

and c
(h) It appears that these two factors, documented brilliantly by George Orwell in Down and
Out in Paris and London 90 years ago, remain the proverbial Achilles‘ heel of modern fancy
restaurants.
Q65. Which of the following meanings can justify the proverbial Achilles‟ heel, as
expressed in the above statement?
a. An Achilles' heel (or Achilles heel is a weakness in spite of overall strength.

b. This proverb can refer to attributes or qualities that can lead to downfall.
c. An Achilles' heel means an ill intent.

and c

194
There are various questions based on each of the statements. Read every statement
carefully and answer the questions that follow.
The statements in bold are fixed and the FOURTH and the SIXTH statement
respectively.
(a) Populism and jingoism the world over have deepened divisions, triggered sectarian
violence and reinforced prejudices.
(b) Yet, having spent most of my working life in the higher education space, I have learnt the
value of the audacity of hope.
(c) The need for education to play an effective role in nurturing ―cultures of peace‖ is
internationally acknowledged.
(d) Maria Montessori said, “establishing lasting peace is the work of education; all
politics can do is to keep us out of war”.
(e) Indian education must set itself the task to provide effective antidotes to the
―militarisation‖ of the mind and proactively nurture the canvas of coexistence.
(f) In multi-ethnic, multi-religious societies like India, which are fractured along the
lines of class, caste, region, religion and gender, the transformative potential of
education to play a peace-sustaining role faces challenges.
(g) To set out a vision for India at 100 from where we are today at 75 is daunting, given the
bewildering pace at which the world is changing.
(h) Anniversaries invariably evoke expectations.
(a) Populism and jingoism the world over have deepened divisions, triggered sectarian
violence and reinforced prejudices.

195
Q66 . How do populism and jingoism lead to violence and division?
a. Groups that have longstanding animosity are not bound to harm each other; they
need populist leaders willing to fan the flames, who believe that encouraging violence
against civilians will bring some benefit.
b. People with organized political and military power decide it is in their interest that they
get something out of convincing the people they control or they influence to go kill
other people and uproot them and dehumanize them.
c. We can see chest-thumping patriots all around us who pretend to be nationalists, but,
in reality, they‘ve more in common with stone-pelters than the rest of the country and
its ideals of liberty, fraternity and equality; they don't understand that violence or
aggression in the name of patriotism is appalling.

and c
(b) Yet, having spent most of my working life in the higher education space, I have learnt the
value of the audacity of hope.
Q67. What does the author mean by the audacity of hope, as mentioned in the above
statement?
a. Keep on hoping; keep on praying, despite the fact that there are so much uncertainty
about everything in this world.
b. Without a positive vision of a truly sustainable future, all of us easily fall into
pessimism and despair; hope is something we all need
c. Hope comes with a naive belief that things will get better; but in reality, things unfold
differently.

and c

196
(c) The need for education to play an effective role in nurturing ―cultures of peace‖ is
internationally acknowledged.
Q68. Which of the following statements can be made on the role of education, as
a. An educated culture aims to teach its citizens values of peace through dialogue,
mediation, and acknowledgment of others as having equal rights, responsibilities,
laws, and freedoms.
b. Finding personal peace provides the strength to defend and uphold human rights, the
freedom of choice, the ability to listen and appreciate others, and the willingness to
share.
c. A peace-oriented culture is built on values, attitudes, and behaviors that respect life
and other human beings across all social contexts.

and c
(d) Maria Montessori said, ―establishing lasting peace is the work of education; all politics
can do is to keep us out of war‖.
Q69. Which of the following statements can be made on the role of politics, as
expressed by Maria Montessori in the above statement?
a. Political warfare is the use of political means to compel an opponent to do one's will,
based on hostile intent.
b. When war strikes it ends up affecting government structures along with the people in
power of the government. Many times, one regime is removed and new forms of
government are put into place.

197
c. The usual strategies to prevent war include political interference in arms control and
diplomacy; political approaches to arms control and diplomacy are potentially
effective in keeping us out of war.
A. Only a B. Only a and b C. Only c D. All a, b and c E. None of a, b and c
(e) Indian education must set itself the task to provide effective antidotes to the
―militarisation‖ of the mind and proactively nurture the canvas of coexistence.
Q70. Which of the following thoughts must Indian education provide antidotes to?
a. Many people are thinking hard about how security can be enhanced in a world where
violence is the norm and even peacekeeping is seen more and more in military terms.
b. Most peacekeeping operations should be changed and given to a military alliance.
c. It's best to defend ourselves against violence and outside attacks through the process
by which a society organizes itself for military conflict and violence.

and c
(f) In multi-ethnic, multi-religious societies like India, which are fractured along the lines of
class, caste, region, religion and gender, the transformative potential of education to play a
peace-sustaining role faces challenges.
Q71. Which of the following statements can be inferred as a justification to what's

been described in the above statement?
a. Since India has so many religions, castes and languages you have to deal with
multiple conflicts.

198
b. The situation of extreme poverty, coupled with a corrupt and inefficient developmental
process, make people easy targets for recruitment into extremist movements and
activities.
c. Sometimes people with different cultural identities fail to understand each other;
misunderstanding can lead to fear; fear can cause: prejudice — intolerance and
mistreatment of a person because of their race, religion, disability or political beliefs.

and c
(g) To set out a vision for India at 100 from where we are today at 75 is daunting, given the
bewildering pace at which the world is changing.
Q72. Which of the following statements can be linked to the bewildering pace at
which the world is changing, as expressed in the above statement?
a. The global reality is that many innovations fail to accrue to those who need them
most, and benefits are not shared equitably around the planet.
b. Today we are not only decoding DNA - the blueprint of life - we are learning to
manage the placement and expression of genes and to mobilize microorganisms to
do our work.
c. With the click of a mouse and the flight of electrons, vast quantities of data and
manifold services can move across the globe; today there are billions of pages on the
appropriately named World Wide Web; by 2030 it will likely be 50 billion.

and c
Q73. How would you describe the importance of celebrating an anniversary?

199
a. It gives us a chance to look back over the years since the event we're marking, and
reflect on how it has shaped us.
b. Celebrating anniversaries is important for people of a nation to bloom, develop and
thrive together and bring about a sense of togetherness with cultures from various
parts of the country.
c. It gives us a chance to pull back from the daily grind and relive a moment that
changed our life forever.
A. Only b B. Only a C. Only b and c D. All a, b and c E. None of a, b and c
Q74. Which of the following combinations is the combination of THREE

CONSECUTIVE statements after the correct rearrangement?
A. h b d c
B. d c f a
C. b c f e
D. h d c f
: Below are some statements, given in a random order. When these statements are
sequenced properly, they'll form a coherent and meaningful paragraph. There are
various questions based on each of the statements. Read it carefully and answer the
(a) Yet, the basic reading ability of children has regressed by a decade and dropped to pre-
2012 levels, while skills in math have gone back to 2018 levels.
(b) This is a huge, if silent, tragedy that the government must aim to reverse.
(c) The yawning gap in learning ability could be attributed to disruptions brought about by
the pandemic: in the rural areas surveyed, neither schools nor students had been prepared
to shift to online classes.

200
(d) The Annual Status of Education Report 2022 has laid bare a dichotomy; in the 616 rural
districts surveyed, enrolment figures have climbed to their highest ever at 98.4%.
(e) This shows that while mid-day meals and other incentives are succeeding in bringing
more children to school, elementary education remains hobbled.
(f) Not all states have fared well though; worryingly, southern states that are known for their
higher literacy rates have recorded sharp falls in learning.
(g) This proves that the losses of the pandemic can be reversed with concerted efforts;
Bengal has also managed to keep girls in school with schemes like Kanyashree in spite of
the pandemic-induced closures, which caused no less than one million girls to drop out of
school across India.
(h) Hearteningly, West Bengal, which had reported a steep decline in a localised ASER
study in 2021, has made some gains, both in enrolment and learning; so have Chhattisgarh
and Karnataka.
(i) Given the gaps in learning at school, perhaps it should come as no surprise that one out
of three children from Classes I to VIII now take private tuition, adding to the financial burden
of education, which is one of the leading causes of school dropouts; income loss in
households has led to many children starting work and minor girls being married off.
(a) Yet, the basic reading ability of children has regressed by a decade and dropped to pre-
2012 levels, while skills in math have gone back to 2018 levels.
Q75. Which of the following phenomena might have been common in pre-2012 era,
according to the above statement?
a. A lack of fluency - the ability to read accurately with expression and at a speed that
lends itself to comprehension.
b. A lack of comprehending ability - a basic skill that develops as children learn to sound
out words and recognize sight words.
c. A lack of knowledge on phonics - a set of instructions that enable readers to become
proficient at decoding so they are able to read words on their own and with little effort.

201

and c
(b) This is a huge, if silent, tragedy that the government must aim to reverse.
Q76. Which of the following IDIOMS can be derived from the above statement
contextually and literally?
a. eat one's words

b. do an about-turn on
c. cross to bear

and c
(c) The yawning gap in learning ability could be attributed to disruptions brought about by
the pandemic: in the rural areas surveyed, neither schools nor students had been prepared
to shift to online classes.
Q77. Which of the following statements can be made to justify the last line of the
above statement?
a. Unfortunately, students in rural India are denied the newest devices and levels of
accessibility to online content that urban Indians enjoy daily.
b. Unlike the counterparts of the rural students in cities, a lower percentage of students
in villages possess desktop or laptop computers.
c. Local and national governments worked together with the IT and edtech sectors to
speed up the process of bringing innovative and cost-effective online education tools
to rural India.

and c

202
(d) The Annual Status of Education Report 2022 has laid bare a dichotomy; in the 616 rural
districts surveyed, enrolment figures have climbed to their highest ever at 98.4%.
Q78. Which of the following factors can affect enrolment figures, as mentioned in the
above statement?
a. Low birth rates and population

b. Poor grades
c. Need for employment for the sake of mere subsistence

and c
Q79. How are mid-day meals bringing more children to school in your opinion?
a. Mid-day meals reduce the burden on students as well parents who have to pack their
tiffin to school.
b. As part of the midday meal programme fresh and hot food is served, hence, it helps
students to concentrate well on academics.
c. The mid-day meals are crucial especially for those students below poverty line; the
mid-day meals also bring back migrant students who have remained in their
hometowns.

and c

203
Q80. Which of the following facts can be validated according to the above statement?
a. According to the latest report of the National Statistical Office (NSO) – the report
draws on data collected in 2017-18 – the national average literacy rate is 77.7%, way
below the global average of 82%.
b. With a literacy rate of just 66.4%, Andhra Pradesh is the least literate state in the
country.
c. Karnataka, which often prides itself on being economically better off than most other
states, has a 77.2% literacy rate.

and c
Q81. Which of the following statements about Kanyashree can be TRUE, as

a. It's a scheme with the aim of improving the status and well being of the girl child in
West Bengal by incentivizing schooling of all teenage girls and delaying their
marriages until the age of 18, the legal age of marriage.
b. Kanyashree Prakalpa is a Central Government sponsored scheme which will be
implemented henceforth in all districts in the country.
c. Kanyashree Prakalpa seeks to improve the status and well being of girls, specifically
those from socio-economically disadvantaged families through Conditional Cash
Transfers, incentivizing them to continue in education for a longer period.

and c

204
(h) Hearteningly, West Bengal, which had reported a steep decline in a localized ASER
and Karnataka.
Q82. Which of the following facts can be linked to the above statement?
a. According to the ASER report, as the pandemic ebbed, school enrolment touched a
record high in 2022 — 98.4% children in the 6-14 age group are now in school, up
from 97.2% in 2018.
b. Clearly, the pandemic has resulted in learning loss. However, what the ASER figures
seem to suggest is that the loss is much greater in reading as compared to arithmetic.
c. Despite these big drops, a comparative analysis of learning outcomes in Karnataka,
Chhattisgarh and West Bengal suggests that there has been an attempt to recover
lost ground once schools reopened after the pandemic.
A. Only a and b B. Only c C. Only b D. Only c E. None of a, b and c
Q83. Which of the following suggestive statements can the author make in line with
a. Children who have fallen behind should be taught from the level they are faltering at
instead of focusing on grade-level curricula that will widen the learning gap further.
b. A decentralised approach, with smoother Centre-state ties, could address both the
gaps and specific problems peculiar to states.
c. In a country where the teacher-student ratio is uneven according to a 2021 Unesco
report, any step to shorten the learning gap further is difficult to implement.

and c

205

A. a h e g
B. h e g f
C. e c h g
D. c g d f
Four small paragraphs/statements are given below, labeled A, B, C and D, among

these, three paragraphs/statements are logically connected. From the given options,
choose the option that does not fit into the theme of the passage.
There will then be a QUESTION based on the THREE CONTEXTUALLY CONNECTED

PARAGRAPHS/STATEMENTS and a QUESTION based on the ODD
PARAGRAPH/STATEMENT.
Q85
A. Basic online safety measures, parental support initiatives and community awareness
training can be integrated into existing education programmes for violence prevention, and
sensitizing the most vulnerable audience.
B. Existing systems must be evaluated by monitoring and documenting their overall

effectiveness and accessibility, including assessment of relevant hotlines and portals
(checking to see if they are linked to relevant referral systems), and analyzing context-
specific reasons for limitations.
C. Dedicated effort must be made to aid ethical and informed media reporting on relevant
cases; a collaborative effort of various institutions across the nation is required to build a
safer cyberspace.
D. Efforts have also been made to sensitize schools and boost the technological capacity of
law enforcement agencies to further deal with the issue of online abuse.
Which of the statements is an ODD statement?

206
A. A B. B C. C D. D E. No statement is ODD
Q86. Which of the following statements can be directly related to any of statements A,
B and C?
a. Setting up two-factor authentication for various accounts and backing up personal

data.
b. Monitoring and evaluation is a continuous management function necessary to assess
the exciting systems and spot any possible security threat.
c. The common criteria commonly used for security evaluation and certification process
also comes with many limitations and challenges.

and c
Q87. Which of the following statements can be made according to statement D?
a. The students are being warned against cyber risks.

b. It is extremely important to ensure that every possible step is taken towards giving
our children safe spaces to learn that keep their innocence and cater to their curiosity
in a non-harmful way
New Pattern Odd-One Out Questions

207
Four small paragraphs/statements are given below, labeled A, B, C and D, among

these, three paragraphs/statements are logically connected. From the given options,
choose the option that does not fit into the theme of the passage.
There will then be a QUESTION based on the THREE CONTEXTUALLY CONNECTED

PARAGRAPHS/STATEMENTS and a QUESTION based on the ODD
PARAGRAPH/STATEMENT.
Question
A. Currently, only a small number of antifungal drug types exist, so resistance can severely
limit treatment options. Some types of fungi, like Candida auris, can become resistant to all
the antifungal drugs normally used to treat fungal infections. This resistance can occur when
antifungal drugs are used to treat sick people, especially if the drugs are used improperly.
B. Fungi can develop resistance to antifungal drugs the same way bacteria can develop
resistance to antibiotics. Resistance happens when germs develop the ability to defeat the
drugs designed to kill them. That means the germs are not killed and continue to grow.
C. Some species of fungi are naturally resistant to certain types of antifungal drugs. For
example, the drug fluconazole does not work against infections caused by the fungus
Aspergillus, a type of mold found throughout the environment.
D. Use of fungicides in agriculture to prevent and treat fungal diseases in crops can also
contribute to resistant disease in people. For example, when Aspergillus found in the
environment is exposed to fungicides, which are similar to medical antifungal drugs, the
Aspergillus can become resistant to the drugs used to treat infections in people.
A. A B. B C. C D. D E. No statement is ODD
Q88 Which of the following statements can be contextually linked to any of

STATEMENTS A, B and D?

208
a. When you skip doses, stop treatment too soon or receive a dose that's too low, a
fungus gets better at fighting off the medicine's effects.
b. The prevalence of antifungal resistance is not at the levels observed for some
bacteria against different antibiotics.
c. Treatment options for invasive fungal infections are limited, and patients at highest
risk often have multiple comorbidities, which may limit the effectiveness of therapy
even in the absence of drug resistance.
A. Only b and c B. Only a C. Only b D. Only c E. None of a, b and c
Q89. Which of the following statements can be CORRECT about Fluconazole, as

expressed in STATEMENT C?
a. Fluconazole antifungal drugs, commonly called azoles, are the primary treatment for
aspergillosis, caused by Aspergillus.
b. Mitigating fluconazole tolerance, a prelude to the emergence of resistance, also
requires the development of effective and fungal-specific adjuvants to be used in
combination with systemic antifungals.
c. Inappropriate and misguided use of fluconazole leads to severe resistance to this
particular drug.
A.Only b and c B. Only a C. Only b D. Only c E. None of a, b and c
Directions : In the following passage, some of the phrases have been left out. Each of

209
90) Which of the following phrases can appropriately fit in position A?
A) Only 1
B) Both 2 and 3
C) Only 1 and 2
D) Both 1 and 3
E) All 1, 2 and 3
91) Which of the following phrases can appropriately fit in position B?
models
quarter
A) Only 1
B) Both 2 and 3
C) Only 2
D) Both 1 and 3

210
E) All 1, 2 and 3
92) Which of the following phrases can appropriately fit in position C?
A) Only 1
B) Both 2 and 3
C) Only 1 and 2
D) Both 1 and 3
E) All 1, 2 and 3
A) Only 1
B) Both 2 and 3
C) Only 1 and 2
D) Both 1 and 3
E) All 1, 2 and 3

211
1. lead-in
2. lead-off
A) Only 1
B) Both 2 and 3
C) Only 1 and 2
D) Both 1 and 3
E) All 1, 2 and 3
A) Only 1
B) Both 2 and 3
C) Only 1 and 2
D) Both 1 and 3
E) All 1, 2 and 3
86) What is the impact of climate change?
a) reduced food availability
b) changes in weather patterns like droughts and floods
c) limited worker productivity
A) Both a and b

212
B) Both b and c
C) Both a and c
D) All a, b, and c
97) What significant contributions can individuals make in response to climate change?
a) Reducing energy use
b) Cutting back on flying
c) Transforming the mode of transport
A) Both a and b
B) Both b and c
C) Both a and c
D) All a, b, and c
E) None of the given options
98) A sentence, highlighted in bold, is divided into five parts. This question is followed by
four options which give the sequence of rearranged parts. You must choose the option
which gives the correct sequence of the parts.
in the future, leading to devastating (P)/ rising sea levels, and irreversible loss of
plant and animal species (Q)/ if nothing is done, scientists think global warming could
exceed 4C (R)/ heatwaves, millions losing their homes to (S)
A) RSPQ
B) PSQR
C) QSPR
D) RPSQ


213
99) What can be a close synonym of the highlighted word vulnerable?
A) Unfortified
B) Consensus
C) Feign
D) Convenient
E) Travesty
Misspelled/Inappropriate
Directions : In each question below, some words printed in bold are given. These are
numbered (a), (b), (c), and (d). One of these words printed in bold might either be
wrongly spelt or inappropriate in the context of the sentence. Find out the word that
is inappropriate or wrongly spelt, if any. The number of that word is your answer. If
the words printed in bold are correctly spelt and appropriate in the context of the
sentence then mark (e) i.e. „All are correct‟, as your answer.
100) The oral (A) memory of the teacher's performance (B) was possibly a more vivid (C)
prompt (D).
A) oral
B) performance
C) vivid
D) prompt
E) All are correct.
101) At this moisture (A) content, no normal growth (B) was obtained; callous (C)
formation was observed (D).
A) moisture
B) growth
C) callous

214
D) observed
E) All are correct.
102) A high-stepped (A), slapping gate (B) may be the result of a peripheral (C) nerve
disease (D).
A) stepped
B) gate
C) peripheral
D) disease
E) All are correct.
103) The whole question of this dual (A), however, requires consideration (B) from the
point (C) of view of common sense (D).
A) dual
B) consideration
C) point
D) sense
E) All are correct.
104) She was saddened (A) by the scenes of mourning (B), an experience that shaped
(C) her life as an activist (D).
A) saddened
B) mourning
C) shaped
D) activist
E) All are correct

215
ANSWER
1.Answer: B
The correct sequence is: BFADGCE
EXPLANATION:
When we solve Para Jumble; it is important to try to make pairs after identifying the
introductory statement.
If we read all the given statements carefully, we can clearly observe that only statement B
can start the passage or introduce the theme of the passage.
B introduces the theme "moving story of Alex and her husband", thus statement B is the
first statement.
Statement F adds information about why they want to shift to another location.
Hence, BF is a pair.
Statement A defines Alex's desire, which fits only after statement F.
Thus, FA is a pair.
Statement A is contextually followed by statement D.
Statement D tells that both have moved with Joe's parents and G gives information about
their living methods.
Thus, DG is another pair.
Statement C concludes the passage with statement E and tells us why they returned to
their native place.
E describes the problems faced by Alex after returning to office and concludes the passage
meaningfully.
Hence, the correct sequence is: BFADGCE
2.Answer: D
The final sequence is: BFADGCE

216
3.Answer: C
4.Answer: B
5.Answer: C
6.Answer: A
The sentence talks about a positive shift in the situation - that markets have opened
up, which is the cause of recovery in the situation of unemployment.
Be on the mend - to be getting better after an illness or injury. This idiom
appropriately describes the situation, as the opening up of the markets is a sign of
progressing toward a better state.
Rise to the occasion - to make the special effort that is required to successfully deal
with a difficult situation
Hang on in there - to have courage and keep trying, even though a situation is difficult
(Both out of context)
7.Answer: B
The correct sentence:

The unemployment rate in India for people aged 15 years and above in urban India
reduced to 7.2 percent during the second quarter ending on September 30 from 9.8
percent.
8.Answer: E
Indispensable, crucial, and essential all are used to refer to something that is very
important and can be used in the given sentence to describe the role of data in the
development of a country.
Profuse, copious, and ample all are used to refer to a large amount of something and
can be used in the sentence to describe the huge growth potential in the countries.
9.Answer: C

217
Data from the National Statistical Office’s/ 16th Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS)
showed that/ the unemployment rate among females (aged 15 years and above)/ in
urban areas slowed to 9.4 percent in July-September from 11.6 percent/ a year ago,
/while it was 9.5 percent in April-June.
10.Answer: D
The correct sequence: BFACED
11.Answer: B
The correct sequence: BFACED
12.Answer: B
Explanation:
The original sentence is incorrect.
There are two errors in the bold part.
Firstly, the verb "were" has been written incorrectly. As the subject "news" is a singular
subject.
Therefore, ‗were‘ must be replaced by ‗was‘ to make the sentence correct.
Secondly, usage of present participle verb "releasing" is also erroneous.
Therefore, ‗releasing‟ should be replaced by „released‟ to make it a grammatically correct

sentence.
Among the choices available, option B replaces the bold part most appropriately.
The sentence after replacement becomes:
The news was released as part of a campaign to increase vaccination rates, especially of
boosters.
13.Answer: A
Explanation:
The highlighted part is incorrect as "to reopening" is grammatically wrong.
"Reopening" must be replaced by "reopen". "To" is followed by the base form of the verb.

218
Option B is incorrect as "are+been" is an incorrect construction here.
Option C is incorrect as "safe" is incorrectly used here.
Reason: "Reopen" is a verb and the verb is always followed by an adverb.
"Safe" must be replaced by "safely".
Thus, option D is also incorrect because of incorrect use of an adjective in the place of an
adverb.
Option A replaces the bold part most appropriately.
Officials are trying to increase vaccination rates, which are considered too low for the
country to reopen safely.
14.Answer: D
Explanation:
The highlighted part is incorrect.
The correct construction is "had+V3".
"Test" should be replaced by "tested".
Option A is incorrect, as the correct rule is:
The expression the number of is followed by a singular verb while the expression a
number of is followed by a plural verb.
"Has" is incorrect in A.
Option B is incorrect "test" should be changed to "tested".
Option C: "Recent" must be changed with "recently".
Among the choices available, option D replaces the bold part most appropriately.
A number of people at the apartment complex in the southern Chinese city had recently
tested positive for Covid.

219
15.Answer: E
Explanation:
The sentence is absolutely correct and thus needs no improvement.
Option E is hence the correct answer.
16.Answer: D
The correct phrasal verb is: sign off
If you sign off on something, that means you approve it.
Sign out: to indicate departure by signing a register
The phrase "sign up" implies creating an account, login, and password, while "sign in"
implies gaining access to the account by entering the previously created login name and
password.
Among the choices available, option D replaces the bold part most appropriately.
European energy ministers are meeting in Brussels on Tuesday where they hope to sign
off on a joint response to the crisis.
17.Ans: d
Solution: Donkey's years: A long time.
Only option D conveys the same meaning as the highlighted idiom.
18.Ans: a
Solution: Talk up a storm: To talk vigorously, enthusiastically, and profusely.
Only option A conveys the same meaning as the highlighted idiom.

220
19.Ans: b
Solution: French leave: An absence or departure from some place or event without
ceremony, permission, or announcement.
Only option B conveys the same meaning as the highlighted idiom.
20. Ans: a
Solution: Cat‟s pajamas: Something or someone highly enjoyable, desirable, or
impressive, especially in a fancy or elaborate way.
Only option A conveys the same meaning as the highlighted idiom.
21.Ans: b
Solution: It's payback time: It is time for revenge against or retribution from someone or
something; it is time for someone or something to get what they deserve.
Only option B conveys the same meaning as the highlighted idiom.
22.Ans: b
Solution: " Due ‖ must be replaced with " Dew ".
Dew is the condensation that collects on surfaces from the water vapor in the air.
The word due means expected, planned, or owed mostly within a certain time.
The rest of the words are correctly used.
23.Ans: b
Solution: "Fauns‖ must be replaced with "fawns".
Fawn: A young deer; light brown


221
Faun: A mythical being, part man, part goat
24.Ans: c
Solution: "Complacence‖ must be replaced with "complaisant".
Complacence: calm or secure satisfaction with oneself
Complaisant: Willing to please
25.Ans: d
Solution: "Quiet‖ must be replaced with "Quite".
The word 'quite' is used to refer to the utmost degree or completely. The word 'quiet'
means to make no or little noise, i.e. being noiseless and discreet.
26.Ans: e
Solution: The given sentence is correct in its present form.
Hence, option e is the correct answer.
27.Ans: b
Solution: These two statements share a relationship of cause and effect since we are
talking about a person who never feels discouraged. The reason is that he trusts God's
eternity.
Since is mainly used to indicate the cause-effect relationship whereas on the other hand is
used in order to imply something contrasting to what has been said already.
Although and despite are all used to link two contrasting ideas or show that one fact makes
the other fact surprising.

222
The connected statement would be:
Every day I find how little I know, but I do not feel discouraged since God has given me an
eternity in which to learn more.
28.Ans: a
Solution: The first statement is regarding the issue faced by the person whereas the
second statement is regarding the activity on the part of the person despite the problems
faced by him or her. Among the given connectors, only A can connect these two statements
since it implies ‗in spite of something‟. Other connectors are out of context in case of these
two statements.
The connected statement would be:
He does not know how to operate a machine; nevertheless he is trying his best to learn.
29.Ans: c
Solution: C is the right answer. We need to replace HAVE with HAS as 'each of' and
'either of' always takes the singular verb.
30.Ans: a
Solution: A is the right answer. We need to replace HAD BEEN FALLEN with HAD
FALLEN. There is no passive form of the verb FALLEN.
31.Ans: a
Solution: In A, replace the adjective Slow with the adverb Slowly as it is being used to
modify the verb spoke.

223
32.Ans: e
Solution: The given sentence is correct in its present form.
Hence, option e is the correct answer.
33.Ans: d
Solution: "Then‖ must be replaced with "Than".
“Then” is used in several different ways relating to the element of time. It is most commonly
used as an adverb and, in some specific cases, as an adjective and noun. ―Than” is a
preposition and conjunction, generally conveying a comparison.
34.Answer: A
The correct sequence: FCEADB
35.Answer: D
36.Answer: B
37.Answer: D
India‘s Adani Group has denounced allegations of fraud made by Hindenburg Research as
―baseless‖ and a ―malicious combination of selective misinformation,‖ and is considering
legal action against the US-based short seller.
38.Answer: B
The urgent business case for finding new ways of hiring has never been clearer. The
demand for workers in the US is outpacing the supply, and finding the best talent is going

224
to be increasingly difficult as the world navigates a period of heightened economic

uncertainty.
39.Answer: A
40.Answer: B
The correct sentences:
I) A stranger calls on the phone using some pretext and starts talking. Sometimes they can
pretend to be someone else or lure you with irresistible offers.
II) A phone number often gives away personal details about whom the person is interacting
with, the location of the person, their bank balance, and so on.
41.Answer: C
The author is cautious about unknown calls in statement I and the author informs about
data leaks issues in statement II.
Pedagogic: relating to teaching.
Intrigued: to make somebody very interested and wanting to know more
I) international diplomacy and expectations (p)/ some analysts relationships (a) that the
group had flogged (b) (q)/ when the Taliban violation (c) power last year (r)/ having been
alleged (d) to (s)
II) for exposed (e) crimes such as ―illegitimate‖ argued (f) (m)/ over the past month, around
a hundred people have been (n)/ theft, and captured (g) of behaviour codes (o)/ publicly
reformed (h) or executed by Taliban officials (p)
42.Answer: B
43.Answer: D
The correct sentences:
I) When the Taliban captured power last year, some analysts argued that the group had
reformed, having been exposed to international diplomacy and expectations.

225
II) Over the past month, around a hundred people have been publicly flogged or executed
by Taliban officials for alleged crimes such as ―illegitimate‖ relationships, theft, and
violation of behaviour codes.
44.Answer: E
None can match with the author‘s tone.
45.Answer: B
Impact: an effect or impression; influences
Depict: to describe somebody/something in words; portray in words; outline.
Choice 3 is grammatically incorrect. "Influences" is a plural noun, therefore we need a

plural verb. So, "portrays" must be in its plural form "portray".
46.Answer: B
Alteration: a small change in somebody/something; variation
Disparity: a difference, especially one that is caused by unfair treatment (contextually

does not fit)
47.Answer: A
Typical: having or showing the usual qualities of a particular person, thing or type;
quintessential
Distinctive: clearly different from others and therefore easy to recognize (Contextually
does not fit, as the sentence talks about the diet in a general sense)
Associated with: to be connected with something in some way;
Belonging to is grammatically incorrect, as the sentence talks about a general fact,

and therefore simple present tense should be used.
Affiliated with is used in reference to organisations.
48.Answer: A
Influence: to have an effect on or power over somebody/something so that he/she/it
changes

226
Altar: a high table that is the centre of a religious ceremony (the correct word: alter)
Precede: to happen, come or go before somebody/something (out of context)
49.Answer: E
Vital: important; essential; essential
Psychological: connected with the mind or the way that it works; cognitive
Physiological: relating to the way in which the bodies of living things work
All the above three words can fit.
Imperative: very important or urgent
50.Answer: B
The two clauses starting with "the link… " and "the role of the… " talks about two distinct
functions. Therefore, while is the correct connector to be used, as it joins two distinct ideas.
"While" is the contextually correct choice.
51.Answer: E
Ponder over: to think carefully about something, especially for a noticeable length of time;
mull over
Chew over: to think about or discuss something carefully for a long time
52.Answer: B
The correct sequence is: GDACFBE
53.Answer: C
54.Answer: A

227
55.(Answer - B. Only M and O
hit a stone wall - To come up against an immovable or insurmountable difficulty or

obstacle.
lash down on - to start to rain heavily.

But, statement II is talking about thunder.
go off without a hitch - happen without any problems.)
56.(Answer - C. Only N and O
bend one's elbow - to drink alcohol.
on the scene - At a destination, usually as something is happening there.
serve as a mouthpiece - be the official spokesperson.)
57.(Answer - D. All M, N and O)

tout - mention repeatedly.

gauge / conjecture - guess.
setback - crisis.
b and c are not exactly the same.
The main statement is talking about The reasons responsible for the repeatedly
mentioned crisis in fine dining.
b and c are talking about the reasons that are being shown as the crisis.)

228
c - Incorrect.
A non-hierarchical model is where everyone is responsible for managing one another.
Hence, it's talking about restaurants positively.
a - Correct. It's talking about staff abuse.

b - Correct.)
a - Correct.
Refer to - Noma was the address to which gastro tourists flocked, like moths to light, in the
hope of savoring such exotic and constantly-evolving dishes as grilled reindeer hearts on a
bed of fresh pine or saffron ice cream in a beeswax bowl.
b - Correct. No trip to Noma is ever the same because their food is constantly
evolving.
Refer to - Noma was the address to which gastro tourists flocked, like moths to light, in the
hope of savoring such exotic and constantly-evolving dishes
c - Incorrect. This may be true but this can't be linked to the description above.)
61.(Answer - D. Only b
a - Incorrect. It can't be concluded.
c - Incorrect. It's out of context.
a - Correct. Absolutely!)
Refer to - Fine dining is not at its finest at the moment; for instance, the final round of
drinks and desserts, in a manner of speaking, will soon be ordered at Noma, the
Copenhagen-based restaurant, which dazzled the world with its three Michelin stars and
found itself on the top of the perch of the World‟s 50 Best Restaurants list for a record-
breaking fifth time.

229
The final round of drinks and desserts - it means the restaurant is closing its doors.
a - Incorrect. It's absolutely out of context.)
Refer to - But by 2024, Noma will shut shop, following in the footsteps of a number of its
illustrious brethren, including Manresa, another three-Michelin-star winner based in
California and the Willows Inn, which tasted disgrace, albeit for different reasons.
That means, Manresa and Willows Inn have already closed. Noma is following their
footsteps.)
extraneous - a) irrelevant or unrelated to the subject being dealt with.
b) of external origin.
The main statement has used the meaning in (a).
b used the meaning of (b).
Archie's heel - a fault or weakness that causes or could cause someone or something
to fail.
Hence, c is incorrect.)
If you understand the definition of jingoism and populism, you'll be able to answer
this question.
Populism - The term populism goes back to the Latin word "populus", which means "the
people". Today, populism is understood to mean a certain style of politics. However, there is

230
no precise or uniform definition. On the contrary, the term is considered imprecise and
value-laden, as it is often used in public debates as a kind of "killer argument" to undermine
opposing opinions.
Populists also stir up fear and insecurity by focusing on negative stories. They warn
of alleged dangers posed by certain groups of the population, such as ethnic
minorities, feminists, LGBTQI persons or immigrants. They claim that other
stakeholders, such as political parties and human rights activists, are unpatriotic and
a danger to the national culture.
jingoism - extreme patriotism, especially in the form of aggressive or warlike foreign policy.)
audacity - a willingness to take bold risks.

Hence, only a and b are correct.
Because, the author is optimistic about hope.
c - Incorrect. It's purely contradictory.)
b - Incorrect.
It's irrelevant. It's talking about only the value of peace.
The statement is talking about the value of education in forming a peaceful culture.
So, a and c are absolutely right.)
69.(Answer - C. Only c
"all politics can do is to keep us out of war."
Hence, only c is correct.
a - Incorrect. It's talking about a different thing.
b - Incorrect. It's talking about the effects of war on political situations of a country.)

231
militarisation - Militarization, or militarisation, is the process by which a society organizes

itself for military conflict and violence. It is related to militarism, which is an ideology that
reflects the level of militarization of a state.
All three thoughts are indicative of militarisation of mind.

Hence,
Indian education provide antidotes to these thoughts.
a and c justify the challenges of establishing peace in multi-ethnic, multi-religious

societies like India.
b - Incorrect. It's talking about poverty.)
a - Incorrect. It's slightly contradictory and not entirely linked.)
(h) Anniversaries invariably evoke expectations.
b and c are irrelevant in this context, as they are talking more about the role of
celebrating anniversaries in personal life.)
74.(Answer - B. d c f a
h g b d c f a e)

232
Basic reading skills encompass a range from phonics to comprehension.

All these are the attributes of basic reading ability.
As, in pre 2012 era, there was a lack of basic reading ability, all these three can be
correct.)
do an about-turn on sth - reverse sth or make (something) the opposite of what it was.
cross to bear - tragedy or affliction.
eat one's words - to admit that something you said before was wrong.)
Refer to the last line - in the rural areas surveyed, neither schools nor students had
been prepared to shift to online classes.
a and b are talking about the roadblocks to the online education in rural areas.
c - Incorrect. It's purely contradictory.)
a - Lower birth rates influence school enrollment. When the general area has fewer
children in general, the schools have enrollment shortages that can lead to decreased
funding and teacher layoffs.
Population affects the enrollment rates. Areas that have people moving away will
have lower school enrollments.
b - Some students have poor grades or attendance. As a result, they do not feel that
they can graduate and instead choose to drop out.
c - Some students drop out of school so that they can pursue employment. Some
students are forced into financial situations in which they need to work to bring an
income in that can support themselves and their family.

233
and Karnataka.
b - Incorrect. That fact that midday meals help students to concentrate well on
academics, isn't related to more attendance.
a and c are absolutely correct.)
a - Incorrect. It's irrelevant.

It's talking about the national average literacy rate.
b and c are absolutely right.

These facts justify the fact that southern states that are known for their higher literacy
rates have recorded sharp falls in learning.)
b - Incorrect. It's factually incorrect.

It's the scheme of the West Bengal government.)

234
and Karnataka.
82.(Answer - B. Only c
a and b are not directly or indirectly linked to the above statement.)
c - Incorrect. It's in line but it's not suggestive.)
84.(Answer - C. e c h g
d a e c h g f i b)
85.Answer - D. D
If you read all the statements carefully, you'll see that all the statements are talking
about a common issue - dealing with online abuse or cyber crime.
Now, statements A, B and C are talking about the efforts or steps that can be made or
taken.
While, statement D is talking about an effort that has already been made.)
a - Correct. It's related to Basic online safety measures as expressed in statement A.

235
b - Correct. It's related to - Existing systems must be evaluated by monitoring and

documenting their overall effectiveness and accessibility - online safety measures as
expressed in statement B.
c - Incorrect. No such thing is mentioned in any statement.)
87.(Answer - C. C
If you read all the statements carefully, you'll see that statements A, B and D are
talking about DEVELOPING RESISTANCE GRADUALLY.
But, C is talking about NATURAL RESISTANCE.)
This can be linked to STATEMENT A.
Refer to - This resistance can occur when antifungal drugs are used to treat sick people,
especially if the drugs are used improperly.
This statement is talking about improper use of drugs.
b - Incorrect. This is nowhere mentioned.
c - Incorrect. This is also not mentioned anywhere.)
89.(Answer - E. None of a, b and c
c - Incorrect. C is talking about NATURAL RESISTANCE.
a - Incorrect. It's the opposite.
b - Incorrect. It's irrelevant.)
90.Answer: C

236
91.Answer: C
92.Answer: C
93.Answer: D
94.Answer: B
95.Answer: C
ere in the given passage.
96.Answer: A
Refer to: Extreme weather events are already more intense, threatening lives and
livelihoods.
With further warming, some regions could become uninhabitable, as farmland turns into
desert (Means: drought). In other regions, the opposite is happening, with extreme rainfall
causing historic flooding - as seen recently in China, Germany, Belgium, and the
Netherlands.
In a warmer world, animals will find it harder to find the food and water they need to
live (food availability).
Worker productivity: Out of context.
97.Answer: D

237
Refer to: Major changes need to come from governments and businesses, but scientists say
some small changes in our lives can limit our impact on the climate: Take fewer flights (Cut
back on flying), Live car-free or use an electric car (Transform your transport), Buy
energy-efficient products, such as washing machines, when they need replacing, Switch
from a gas heating system to an electric heat pump, Insulate your home.
Turn off lights and appliances when you don‟t need them. Replace light bulbs with
LEDs or other low-energy lights. Make simple changes to how you use hot water, like
buying a water-efficient shower head. (Reduce your energy use)
98.Answer: D
The correct sentence after rearrangement:
If nothing is done, scientists think global warming could exceed 4C (R)/ in the future, leading
to devastating (P)/ heatwaves, millions losing their homes to (S)/ rising sea levels, and
irreversible loss of plant and animal species (Q).
99.Answer: A
Vulnerable: Something that is vulnerable can be easily harmed or affected by something
bad.
Unfortified: not fortified against attack.
Feign is a verb, which means ―to pretend that you have a particular feeling or that you
are tired or ill, etc”.
Convenient: suitable or practical for a particular purpose; not causing difficulty
Consensus: agreement among a group of people
Travesty: distorting facts or imitation
Only option A represents correct synonym of the highlighted word.
Hence, option A is the correct asnwer.
100.Answer: A
Explanation:
"Oral‖ must be replaced with "Aural ".


238
Aural refers to the ear or hearing, and oral to the mouth or speaking. Something verbal is
expressed in words, either spoken or written.
The rest of the other words are correctly used.
101.Answer: C
Explanation:
"Callous‖ must be replaced with "Callus".
"Callous" is an adjective meaning ―being hardened and thickened.‖
"Callus" is a noun that means ―a thickening of or a hard thickened area on skin or bark.‖
102.Answer: B
Explanation:
"Gate‖ must be replaced with "Gait".
Gait: stride; the way a person or animal walks or runs. Gate: a barrier.
103.Answer: A
Explanation:
"Dual‖ must be replaced with "Duel".
Dual is an adjective that means having two parts. Duel is a verb or a noun, and refers to a
conflict between two entities.


239
104.Answer: E
Explanation:
The given sentence is correct in its present form.
Hence, option E is the correct answer.

Vijeta Magazine by Nimisha Mam (31 JANUARY 2023)

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Vijeta Magazine by Nimisha Mam (31 JANUARY 2023)

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

4

Use Code NIMISHA for maximum Discount

For any query call or whatsapp 9953592800

You'll only need to carry on practising consistently, as steady and

Your invaluable suggestions are heartily welcome, as we believe in

For any query call or whatsapp 9953592800

ABOUT NIMISHA BANSAL

Nimisha Bansal is one of India's most eminent educators of English

She is not only a highly-competent pedagog, but also a wonderful

Use Code NIMISHA for maximum Discount

For any query call or whatsapp 9953592800

Getting a government job isn't a child's play nowadays. One must go

So, how can goals be accomplished?

Use Code NIMISHA for maximum Discount

For any query call or whatsapp 9953592800

Use Code NIMISHA for maximum Discount

For any query call or whatsapp 9953592800

Finally, the temptation to give up is a common one, and nobody is

With love and lots of blessings

Use Code NIMISHA for maximum Discount

For any query call or whatsapp 9953592800

Ishika Saini (SBI PO 2021-2022)

ISHIKA SAINI : Thank You so much mam! It was really unexpected,

ISHIKA SAINI : I mainly focused on the things I had command on like

3. How important and instrumental have Nimisha ma'am's various

Use Code NIMISHA for maximum Discount

For any query call or whatsapp 9953592800

For any query call or whatsapp 9953592800

ISHIKA SAINI : My target was to study 7 - 8 hours a day. I used to give

7. What would you like to say to fellow aspirants?

ISHIKA SAINI : My aim was to clear this exam. So I completed my

Use Code NIMISHA for maximum Discount

For any query call or whatsapp 9953592800

S.No. Chapter Name Page no

Use Code NIMISHA for maximum Discount

For any query call or whatsapp 9953592800

CHAPTER 1 - PARAGRAPH BASED QUESTION

A. Only a and b B. Only a and c C. Only b and c D. All a, b and c E. None of a, b

Use Code NIMISHA for maximum Discount

For any query call or whatsapp 9953592800

A. Only a and b B. Only a and c C. Only b and c D. All a, b and c E. None of a, b

3. Which of the following statements can be made on the features of millets, as

A. Only a and b B. Only a and c C. Only b and c D. All a, b and c E. None of a, b

Use Code NIMISHA for maximum Discount

For any query call or whatsapp 9953592800

A. Only a and b B. Only a and c C. Only b and c D. All a, b and c E. None of a, b

Use Code NIMISHA for maximum Discount

For any query call or whatsapp 9953592800

A. Only a and b B. Only a and c C. Only b and c D. All a, b and c E. None of a, b

a. If India‘s national interest is as fiercely monitored on foreign university campuses as

A. Only a and b B. Only a and c C. Only b and c D. All a, b and c E. None of a, b

Use Code NIMISHA for maximum Discount

For any query call or whatsapp 9953592800

7. Which of the following statements can be contextually and thematically linked to

A. Only a and b B. Only a and c C. Only b and c D. All a, b and c E. None of a, b

Use Code NIMISHA for maximum Discount

For any query call or whatsapp 9953592800

8. In your opinion, which of the following parameters of good governance couldn't be

Use Code NIMISHA for maximum Discount

For any query call or whatsapp 9953592800

A. Only a and b B. Only a and c C. Only b and c D. All a, b and c E. None of a, b

11. Which of the following targets will COP28 focus on?