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    Skeletal System Shoulder and Arm PPT

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    Insatiable Clee
    The skeletal system includes the shoulder girdle, arm, hip, and leg bones. The shoulder girdle consists of the scapula and clavicle and attaches the arms. The humerus forms the ball-and-socket shoulder joint and hinge elbow joint. The forearm bones are the radius and ulna. The hip bones form the pelvic girdle and ball-and-socket hip joints with the femurs. Below the knee are the tibia, fibula, tarsals, and phalanges of the foot.

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    Skeletal System Shoulder and Arm PPT

    Uploaded by

    Insatiable Clee
    18 views23 pages
    The skeletal system includes the shoulder girdle, arm, hip, and leg bones. The shoulder girdle consists of the scapula and clavicle and attaches the arms. The humerus forms the ball-and-socket shoulder joint and hinge elbow joint. The forearm bones are the radius and ulna. The hip bones form the pelvic girdle and ball-and-socket hip joints with the femurs. Below the knee are the tibia, fibula, tarsals, and phalanges of the foot.

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    The skeletal system includes the shoulder girdle, arm, hip, and leg bones. The shoulder girdle consists of the scapula and clavicle and attaches the arms. The humerus forms the ball-and-socket shoulder joint and hinge elbow joint. The forearm bones are the radius and ulna. The hip bones form the pelvic girdle and ball-and-socket hip joints with the femurs. Below the knee are the tibia, fibula, tarsals, and phalanges of the foot.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    18 views23 pages

    Skeletal System Shoulder and Arm PPT

    Uploaded by

    Insatiable Clee
    The skeletal system includes the shoulder girdle, arm, hip, and leg bones. The shoulder girdle consists of the scapula and clavicle and attaches the arms. The humerus forms the ball-and-socket shoulder joint and hinge elbow joint. The forearm bones are the radius and ulna. The hip bones form the pelvic girdle and ball-and-socket hip joints with the femurs. Below the knee are the tibia, fibula, tarsals, and phalanges of the foot.

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    Human Skeletal System

    SHOULDER, ARM, HIP & LEG


    Shoulder Girdles

    • Attach the arms to the axial


    skeleton
    • Each consists of a scapula
    (shoulder blade) and
    clavicle (collarbone)
    Scapula
    • A large, flat bone with several
    projections
    • The spine of the scapula, the
    coracoid process
    • Anchor some of the muscles
    that move up the upper and the
    forearm
    Clavicle
    • Each clavicle articulates laterally with a scapula and medially
    with the manubrium of the sternum
    • In this position the clavicle act as braces for the scapulae and prevent
    the shoulders from coming too far forward
    • Although the shoulder joint is capable of a wide range of
    movement, the shoulder itself must be relatively stable if these
    movements are to be effective
    Humerus
    • The long bone of the upper
    arm
    • The triangular deltoid muscle
    that caps the shoulder joint is
    anchored in the deltoid
    tubercle
    Humerus
    • Proximally, the humerus forms a ball-
    and-socket joint with the scapula
    • Distally, the humerus forms a hinge
    joint with the ulna of the forearm
    • This hinge joint, the elbow, permits
    movement in one plane
    • That is, back and forth with no lateral
    movement
    Radius and Ulna
    • The forearm bones are the ulna on the
    little finger side and the radius on the
    thumb side
    • The semilunar notch of the ulna is part
    of the hinge joint of the elbow
    • It articulates with the trochlea of the
    humerus
    Radius and Ulna
    • The radius and ulna articulate
    proximally to form a pivot joint
    • This permits turning the hand palm up to
    palm down
    • The radius crosses over the ulna
    • This permits the hand to perform a great
    variety of movements without moving the
    entire arm
    Hand
    • Eight small bones in the wrist
    • Gliding joints between them permit a
    sliding movement
    • Also articulate with the distal ends of
    the ulna and radius and with the
    proximal ends of the metacarpals
    • Metacarpals: Five bones of the palm
    of the hand
    Phalanges
    • Bones of the fingers
    • There are two phalanges in
    each thumb and three in each
    of the fingers
    Hip bones
    • The pelvic girdle or pelvic bone
    consists of the two hip bones
    (coxae or innominate bones)
    • Articulate with the axial skeleton
    at the sacrum
    • Each hip bone has three major
    parts:
    • Ilium, ischium and pubis
    Hip bones
    • Ilium: The flared, upper portion
    that forms the sacroiliac joint
    • Ischium: lower, posterior part
    that we sit on
    • Pubis: lower most anterior part
    Pubic bones
    • The 2 pubic bones articulate
    with one another at the pubic
    symphysis, with a disc of
    fibrous cartilage between them
    Acetabulum
    • The socket in the hip bone that
    forms a ball-and-socket joint with
    the femur
    • This socket is deep because the hip is
    a weight-bearing joint
    • The depth of the acetabulum allows
    the hip joint to not be dislocated
    easily even by stressful activities
    Femur
    • The long bone of the thigh
    • Forms a very movable ball-
    and-socket joint with the
    hip bone
    Femur
    • At the proximal end of the femur
    are the greater and lesser
    trochanters
    • These are large projections that
    are anchors for muscles
    • At its distal end, the femur forms
    a hinge joint, the knee with the
    tibia of the lower leg
    Patella
    • Also called kneecap
    • Is anterior to the knee joint, enclosed
    in the tendon of the quadriceps
    femoris, a large muscle group of the
    thigh
    Tibia
    • Is the weight-bearing bone
    lower legs
    • A tibial tuberosity and an
    anterior crest can be felt on the
    front of the leg
    Fibula
    • Not a weight-bearing bone
    but anchors leg muscles and
    helps stabilize the ankle
    Tarsals
    • Seven bones in the ankle
    • Larger and stronger than
    carpals of the wrist
    • Their gliding joints do not provide
    nearly as much movement
    Foot
    • Calcaneus: heel bone
    • Talus: transmits weight between the
    calcaneus and the tibia
    • Metatarsals: five long bones of each
    foot
    • Phalanges: bones of the toes
    Phalanges
    • There are two phalanges in the big toe
    and three in each of the other toes
    • Form hinge joints with each other
    • Because there is no saddle joint in the
    foot, the big toe is not as movable as the
    thumb
    Foot
    • The foot has two major arches:
    longitudinal and transverse
    • Supported by ligaments
    • These are adaptations for walking
    completely upright

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