REVIEWER

COR 002 REVIEWER
SAS 1&2
Brainstorming is a technique, generally used in a group setting, to quickly generate a large

number of ideas about a specific problem or topic.
It can help you: •
Encourage creative thinking and generate enthusiasm
Encourage participation and building on the ideas of others
Avoid the "paralysis of analysis" by not evaluating ideas
Points to remember about Brainstorming:

- Never judge ideas as they are generated. The goal of brainstorming is to generate a lot
of ideas in a short time. Analysis of these ideas is a separate process, to be done later.
- Don’t quit at the first lull. All brainstorming sessions reach lulls, which are
uncomfortable for the participants. Research indicates that most of the best ideas occur
during the last part of a session. Try to encourage the group to push through at least two
or three lulls.
- Try to write down all of the ideas exactly as they were presented. When you condense
an idea to one or two words for ease of recording, you are doing analysis. Analysis
should be done later.
- Encourage outrageous ideas. While these ideas may not be practical, they may start a
flow of creative ideas that can be used. This can help you break through a lull.
- Try to have a diverse group. Involve process owners, customers, and
suppliers to obtain a diverse set of ideas from several perspectives.
MIND MAPPING
-This is a visual tool for enhancing the brainstorming process. In essence, you’re drawing a
picture of the relationships among and between ideas. You can start by writing down your
goal or challenge, and ask participants to think of related issues. Layer by layer, add content
to your map so that you can visually see how, for example, a problem with the telephone
system is contributing to issues with quarterly income.
THE 5 WHYS
-Another tool that’s often used outside of brainstormi ng, the Five Whys can also be
effective for getting thought processes moving forward. Simply start with a problem you’re
addressing and ask “why is this happening?” Once you have some answers, ask “why does
this happen?” Continue the process five times (or more), digging deeper each time until
you’ve come to the root of the issue.
FIGURE STORMING
-Choose a person from history or fiction with whom everyone is familiar — , Mirriam
Defensor Santiago, for example, or Mother Theresa. What would that individual do to
manage the challenge or opportunity you’re discussing? How might that figure’s approach
work well or poorly?
REVERSE BRAINSTORMING
-Ordinary brainstorming asks participants to solve problems. Reverse brainstorming asks
participants to come up with great ways to cause a problem. Start with the problem and ask
“how could we cause this?” Once you have a list of great ways to create problems, you’re
ready to start solving them!
BRAINWRITING
-This process involves having each participant anonymously write down ideas on index cards.
The ideas can then be randomly shared with other participants who add to or critique the
ideas. Alternatively, the ideas can be collected and sifted by the leader of the team.
RAPID IDEATION
-This simple technique can be surprising fruitful. Ask the individuals in your group to write
down as many ideas as they can in a given period of time. Then either have them share the
ideas aloud or collect responses. Often, you’ll find certain ideas popping up over and over
again; in some cases these are the obvious ideas, but in some cases they may provide some
revelations.
GAP FILLING
-Start with a statement of where you are. Then write a statement of where you’d like to be.
How can you fill in the gap to get to your goal? Your participants will respond with a wide
range of answers from the general to the particular. Collect them all, and then organize
them to develop a vision for action.
REVERSE THINKING
-This creative approach asks, “what would someone else do in our situation?” Then imagine
doing the opposite. Would it work? Why or why not? Does the “usual” approach really work
well, or are there better options?
How do you brainstorm? –

Define the problem ,The first step should be to determine a problem question that the
brainstorming session will
address...
Lay out the context of definitions
Pick an appropriate facilitator
Invite the right person
Set agenda...
Holding the session
What are the type of question for better brainstorming? –

Observational Questions. The first type of question focuses on what participants
experiences with their senses
Reflective Questions. this type of question can be easy to miss
Interpretive questions-are where many of us tempted to begin discussion
Decisional Question
SAS 3
Graphic organizers are visual representation of knowledge that structures information

by arranging important aspects of a concept or topic into a pattern using labels. Their
main function is to help present information in concise ways that highlight the
organization and relationships of concepts.
Reasons for Using Graphic Organizers
Tools for critical and creative thinking
Tools for organizing information
Tools for understanding information and relationships
Tools for self-learning
MAIN IDEA AND DETAILS CHART

- A main idea and details shows the hierarchical relationship between major concepts and
their subordinate elements
CONCEPT MAP
- A concept map is a general organizer that shoes a central idea with its corresponding
characteristics
FLOW DIAGRAM OR SEQUENCE CHART

- A flow diagram or sequence chart shows a series of steps or events in the order in which
they take place
COMPARE/CONTRAST OR VENN DIAGRAM

-A compare/contrast or venn diagram is used to identify the similarities and differences
between two or more concepts
CAUSE AND EFFECT DIAGRAM

- A cause and effect diagram highlights the direct relationship between different events and
concepts
SAS 5
The two main types of outlines are the topic outline and the sentence outline. The major
difference between the two is simply that while the headings in a topic outline are only a
word or phrase, the headings in a sentence outline are complete sentences. A topic outline
arranges your ideas hierarchically (showing which are main and which are sub-points), in the
sequence you want, and shows what you will talk about. As the name implies, it identifies all
the little mini-topics that your paper will comprise, and shows how they relate. A sentence
outline is very much the same with the topic outline. It is just that in sentence outline,
instead of using words/phrases, you complete the thought or idea by using complete
sentences.
I. Main Topic
A. Sub topic
1. Sub topic
B. Sub topic
1. Sub-sub topic
2. Sub-sub topic
II. Main Topic

A. Sub topic
1. Sub-sub topic
2. Sub-sub topic
B. Sub topic
SAS 6
Description
-This is the pattern of development which goes into details about a specific object, person,
or location, in order to firmly set its appearance.
-The purpose of description is to recreate, invent, or visually present a person, place, event,
or action so that the reader can picture that which is being described. It is heavily based on
sensory details: sight, sound, smell, feel, taste.
Remember that Descriptive Text...
- provide clear details to the topic
- tries to create a picture in the mind of readers
- uses sensory details and precise words
Narration
-This is the most basic pattern of development - describes how, when, and where an event
or occurrence actually happened.
-The purpose of narration is to tell a story or relate an event.
- Narration is an especially useful tool for sequencing or putting details and information into
some kind of logical order, usually chronological.
-Literature uses narration heavily, but it also can be useful in non-fiction, academic writing
for strong impact.
SAS 7
Exemplification
-This provides examples and illustrations in order to further clarify or explain the concept or
subject matter - presents the general statement and then provides specific and concrete
examples to expound on the main idea.
-This is one of the most common and effective ways to show or explain an idea or point (e.g.,
observation, opinion, belief).
-In this pattern of development, the main idea is explained by giving an extended example or
a series of detailed examples.
-Many writing assignments in various disciplines require the use of exemplification.
-Argumentative and exemplification essays, feature articles, reviews, reports, and case
studies often use examples to prove a point.
Remember that Exemplification Text Pattern...
- the main idea is explained by giving an extended example
- a general statement should be provided first
- provides specific and concrete examples to expound the main idea
Definition
-This explains not just what something means or is, but also what something does, what
something is used for, what something looks like, etc.
-This explains a concept, term, or subject. Its main purpose is to tell what something is. It
consists of three parts:
(1) the term, concept, or subject to be defined;
(2) the general class to which it belongs, and
(3) the characteristics that differentiate it from the other members of its class.
-This pattern of development is commonly used in the sciences, humanities, and business.
Remember that Definition Text Pattern...
- explains a concept or idea
- it consists 3 parts
- give specific characteristics of what is
SAS 8
CAUSE AND EFFECT
-This explains why something happens or what results a particular event produces.
-A cause is simply “why something happens,” and an effect is “what happens.” Together,
they can be used as a pattern of development in writing. With the cause-and-effect pattern,
the writer can explain how an event or action leads to another. The following words can be
used to signal cause and effect: as a result accordingly because of (this) due to (this)
consequently hence/therefore/thus.
PROBLEM AND SOLUTIONS

-This focuses on either a problem or solution in a particular area or situation.
-A problem in general is an unsatisfactory situation that causes troubles or difficulties.
Therefore, it needs a solution, a way to deal with the situation so that the troubles or
difficulties are removed. In writing across disciplines, the problem-solution pattern of
development is used to deal with topics that pose problems and present solutions in a
logical manner.
COMPARISON AND CONTRAST

- This organizes ideas based on how events, places, people, things, and concepts are similar
to or different from one another a. separately -involves describing one item first followed by
the second item
Comparison
This is to compare persons, things, places, events, situations, or ideas is to show how they
are alike. You need to identify the points of comparison and make a list of similar
characteristics or qualities for each point of comparison. The following are words that signal
similarities: also like both as... as similarly in the same way equally important likewise
Contrast
This is to contrast persons, things, places, events, situations, or ideas is to show how they
are different. To do so, you need to make a list of the characteristics or qualities of the
subjects and then identify the differences between them. The following are some words that
signal contrast: but however though on the other hand in contrast

REVIEWER

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

REVIEWER

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

REVIEWER

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

COR 002 REVIEWER

Brainstorming is a technique, generally used in a group setting, to quickly generate a large

Points to remember about Brainstorming:

How do you brainstorm? –

What are the type of question for better brainstorming? –

Graphic organizers are visual representation of knowledge that structures information

MAIN IDEA AND DETAILS CHART

FLOW DIAGRAM OR SEQUENCE CHART

COMPARE/CONTRAST OR VENN DIAGRAM

CAUSE AND EFFECT DIAGRAM

II. Main Topic

PROBLEM AND SOLUTIONS

COMPARISON AND CONTRAST

You might also like