Aptitude Day04

GENERAL APTITUDE
Trainer : Sujata Mohite

sujata.mohite@sunbeaminfo.com
Sunbeam Infotech www.sunbeaminfo.com

Time & Distance
• Speed = Distance / Time
• Distance = Speed x Time
• Ram travels from A to B traveling distance of 10 km in 4 hrs. His speed is
• 10/4 = 2.5 km/hr
• Ram moves from Pune to Satara at the same speed taking 1 day & 10 hrs. The
distance between Pune & Satara is
• (24+10) x 2.5 = 34 x 2.5 = 85 km
• Ram now wants to reach back to Pune in 17 hours So he should travel back at a
speed of
• 85/17 = 5 km/hr

Time & Distance
• If the same distance is traveled at different speeds S1 & S2 then average speed is
given by-
(2 x S1 x S2)
Sa =
(S1 + S2)
If the same distance is traveled at different speeds S1 ,S2 & S3 then average speed is
given by-
(3 x S1 x S2 x S3)
Sa =
(S1S2 + S2S3 + S1S3)
• Imp : Convert every term to same units

• 1 Km/hr = 5/18 m/s & 1 m/s = 18/5 km/hr
• If a bowler has a run up of 100 m & he runs at a speed of 36 km/hr the time he takes
to complete his runup is
• 36 x 5/18 m/s = 10m/s
• 100m ÷10 m/s = 10 s

Time & Distance
If different distance D1,D2 & D3 travelled is at different speeds S1 ,S2 & S3 then
average speed is given by-
(D1 + D2 + D3)
Sa = 𝑫𝟏 𝑫𝟐 𝑫𝟑
( 𝑺𝟏 + 𝑺𝟐 + 𝑺𝟑 )
• Q. A man covers 10kms at a speed of 5 km/hr, 30kms at a speed of 7 km/hr abd

20kms at a speed of 15 km/hr. Find out the average speed.
(10+ 30 + 20)
• Sa = 𝟏𝟎 𝟑𝟎 𝟐𝟎 = 7.77 km/hr
( 𝟓 + 𝟕 + 𝟏𝟓)

Time & Distance
• Speed & distance are directly proportional.
• SαD
• Distance & Time are directly proportional.
• DαT
• Speed & time are inversely proportional.
• S α 1/T
• Relative speed is defined as the speed of a moving object with respect to
another. When two objects are moving in the same direction, relative speed is
calculated as their difference and if objects are moving in opposite direction then
calculate as their sum.
• Relative speed = X-Y (same direction)
• Relative speed = X+Y (opposite direction)

Relative Speed-
Relative Speed = V2 - V1

Time & Distance
Q. A certain distance is covered by a car at a certain speed. If a motorcycle covers half
the distance in double time, the ratio of the speed of the motorcycle to the car is
A. 4:1 B. 1:2 C. 1:4 D. 2:3
Soln:
• Let Car cover distance d in time t  Sc = d÷t
• Motorcycle covers dist d/2 in time 2t Sm = d/2÷2t
•  Sm = d/4t
•  Sm : Sc = d/t : d/4t = 1:4
• Ans : C

Time & Distance
Q. A car traveled 20% of the time at 30 km/hr, 50% of the time at 40 km/hr and rest of
the journey at 50 km/hr. What is the average speed of the car over the whole
journey?
A. 40 km/hr B. 35 km/hr C. 41 km/hr D. 45 km/hr
Soln:
Avg Speed = total dist / total time
(D1 + D2 + D3)
Assume Journey = T hr Sa =
(𝑫𝟏
𝑺𝟏
+ 𝑫𝟐
𝑺𝟐
+ 𝑫𝟑
𝑺𝟑
)
Total Distance = (0.2Tx30 + 0.5Tx40 + 0.3Tx50) (20x30 + 50x40+ 30x50)
= 𝟐𝟎𝒙𝟑𝟎 𝟓𝟎𝒙𝟒𝟎 𝟑𝟎𝒙𝟓𝟎
= 6T + 20T + 15T ( 𝟑𝟎 + 𝟒𝟎 + 𝟓𝟎 )
𝟒𝟏𝟎𝟎
= 41T = 𝟏𝟎𝟎 = 41 km/hr
Average Speed = 41T/T = 41 kmph
Ans: C

Time & Distance
Q. At 7:30 am two trains start from their respective stations A & B in opposite
direction, 930 km apart at speeds of 60 km/hr & 90 km/hr respectively. At what time
do they meet?
A.12:30 pm B. 1:30 pm C. 1:42 pm D. 1:50 am
Soln:
• Time = Distance/ Speed
• Time = 930 km / (60+90)km/hr (relative Speed adds up)
• Time = 6.20 hours = 6 hrs 12 min
• Time of meeting 1:42 pm
Ans: C

Time & Distance
Q. Walking at a speed of 4/5 of the original speed a person reaches office 8 min late
(8 mins more than normal time). Find the time required usually.
A.24 min B. 30 min C. 32 min D. 44 min
Soln:
Original New
Speed S 4S/5
Time T T+8
Speed x Time = Distance is constant
ST = 4S/5 x (T+8)
T = 4/5 x (T+8)
5T/4 = T+8
5T
 - T =8
4
 Normal Time T = 32 mins
Ans: C

Time & Distance(Assignment)
Q. A boy starts from his house for college at a fixed time. If he walks at the rate of 5
kmph he is late by 7 mins. If he walks at 6 kmph he is 5 min early. Find College to
home distance.
A. 5 km B. 6 km C. 7 km D. 6.5 km
Original Case1 Case2

Speed s 5 6
Time t t+7 t-5
 st = 5 x (t+7)/60 = 6 x (t-5)/60
 5t + 35 = 6t – 30
 t = 65 mins
 Using Case 1 Distance = 5 x (65+7)/60 = 6 km
Ans B
Q. One day a person travels to office at 5/6 of his usual speed. He takes t minutes
more than normal time. What is his normal time?
A. 2t B. 3t C. 4t D. 5t
Soln:
Original New
Speed S 5S/6
Time T T+t
ST = 5S/6 x (T+t)
T = 5/6 x (T+t)
6T/5= T+t
T/5 = t  Normal Time T = 5t
Ans: D

Q. A boy goes to school from home at a speed of 10km/hr and return back at 30km/hr.
Find his average speed.
A. 15 km/hr B. 14.5 km/hr C. 10 km/hr D. 20 km/hr
Ans: A

Q. A person travels equal distance with speeds of 3 km/hr, 4 km/hr and 5 km/hr and
taken a total time of 47 minutes. The total distance (in km) is :
A. 2 km B. 3 km C. 4 km D. 5 km
Ans: B
If the same distance is traveled at different speeds S1 ,S2 & S3 then average speed is
given by-
(3 x S1 x S2 x S3) (3 x 3 x 4 x 5) 20x9
Sa = = =
(S1S2 + S2S3 + S1S3) (3x4+ 4x5 + 3x5) 47
Total Dist = Speed x time

20x9 47
= x
47 60
= 3 km/hr

Q. A man covers half of his journey at 6 km/h and the remaining half at 3 km/h. His
average speed is-
A. 9 km/hr B. 4.5 km/hr C. 4 km/hr D. 3 km/hr
Soln:
2xy 2 x 6 x 3 36
• Average speed= = = = 4 km/hr
x+y 6+3 9
Ans: C

Q. On a journey, across Delhi, a Taxi averages 30 kmph for 60% of the distance, 20
kmph for 20% of it and 10kmph for the remainder. The average speed for the whole
journey is :
A. 20km/hr B. 22.5 km/hr C. 24.625km/hr D. 25km/hr
Ans: A

Q. A distance is covered by a cyclist at a certain speed. If a jogger covers half of the
distance in double the time, the ratio of the speed of the jogger to that of the cyclist is :
A. 1 : 4 B. 4 : 1 C. 1 : 2 D. 2 : 1
Ans: A

Q. Walking at a speed of 20% more than the original a person requires 6 min less
than normal time. Find the time required usually
A.24 min B. 30 min C. 36 min D. 44 min
• Ans C

Q. Walking at a speed of 12 km/hr a person reaches 10 min late. But if he walks at
20 km/hr he reaches 14 min early. Find the distance.
A.9 km B. 12 km C. 14 km D. 15 km
Ans: B

Q. Two cars started simultaneously travelling toward each other from town A and town
B 480km apart. It took first car travelling from town A to town B and car covered the
distance in 8hrs and car from town B to town A covers distance in 12hrs. Find distance
from town A when they meet?
A. 288km B. 250km C. 380km D. 240km
Ans: A
• Speed of first car = Distance/ time = 480 /8 = 60km/hr
• Speed of second car = Distance/ time = 480 /12 = 40km/hr
• The cars will meet in = 480 / (60+40) = 4.8 hrs (relative Speed adds up as
travelling in opposite directions)
• Dist from A where they will meet = speed of car from A x time
= 60 x 4.8 = 288km

Q. A car travels 1/3 of the distance on a straight road with a velocity of 10 km/h, next
one-third with a velocity of 20 km/h and the last one-third with a velocity of 60 km/h.
Then the average velocity of the car (in km/h) during the whole journey is-
A. 18km/hr B. 24km/hr C. 30km/hr D. 20km/hr
Ans: A
Dist
Time = Dist
Speed Avg velocity =
1/3D 1/3D 1/3D
time
Total Time = + +
10 20 60
D D D D
= + + = 10D
30 60 180
180
6D + 3D + 1D 180D
= =
180
10D
10D = 18 km/hr
= hrs
180

Q. A man riding his bicycle covers 150 metres in 25 seconds. What is his speed in km
per hour ?
A. 25 km/hr
B. 21.6 km/hr
C. 23 km/hr
D. 20 km/hr
Ans: B

Q. A motorist travelled the distance between two towns, which is 65 km, in 2 hours and
10 minutes. Find his speed in meter per minute.
A. 200 meters/min
B. 500 meters/min
C. 600 meters/min
D. 700 meters/min
Ans: B

Trains
• Trains
• Let S1 = speed of train, S2 = Speed of Object
L1 = length of the train, L2 = Length of the object.
t = time taken by train to completely pass the object
Case A : Stationary object without considerable length

L1 = S1x t

Trains
Q. A train running at the speed of 60 km/hr crosses a pole in 9 seconds. What is the
length of the train ?
A. 120 metres B. 180 metres C. 324 metres D. 150 metres
Ans : D
Case A : Stationary object without considerable length
L1 = S1x t
= 60x5/18 x 9
=150m

Trains
• Trains
Case B : Stationary object with considerable length

L1+L2 = S1x t

Time & Distance
Q. A train of length 600 m crosses a man standing on a platform in 45 sec & the same
train crosses the complete platform in 2 min. What is the length of the platform?
A. 500 m B. 700 m C. 900 m D. 1000 m
• Soln:
• Case A : L1 = S1x t (Train passing the man)
• 600 = S1 x 45
S1 = 600/45
= 40/3
• Case B : L1+L2 = S1x t (Train passing the platform)
• 600+L2 = 40/3 x 120
• L2 = 1600 -600
• L2 = 1000 m
• Ans D

Trains
• Trains
Case C : Moving object without considerable length

L1 = (S1±S2) x t

Time & Distance
Q. A train of length 600 mt crossed a man going in the same direction at 12 km/hr in 45
sec while the same train crossed another man coming from the opposite direction on
a bike in 20 sec. Find the speed of the bike.
A.24 km/hr B. 36 km/hr C. 40 km/hr D. 48 km/hr
Soln:
12 km/hr = 12 x 5/18 = 10/3 m/s
Case A : L1 = (St-Sm) x t (Train passing man)
600 = (St-10/3) x 45
St = 50/3 m/s
Case B : L1 = (St+Sb) x t (Train passing the bike)
600 = (50/3+Sb) x 20
Sb = 40/3 m/s x 18/5 = 48 km/hr
Ans: D

Trains
• Trains
Case D : Moving Object with considerable length

L1+L2 = (S1±S2) x t

Time & Distance
Q. Two trains of same length cross an electric pole in 12 sec & 20 sec respectively.
Find in how much time do they cross each other while traveling in same direction?
A.45 sec B. 50 sec C. 60 sec D. 75 sec
Soln:
Case A : L1 = S1x t (Trains passing the pole)
L1 = S1 x 12  S1 = L1/12
L1 = S2 x 20  S2 = L1/20
Case B : L1+L2 = (S1±S2) x t (Train passing other train)

2L1 = (L1/12 –L1/20) x t
2 = (1/12 – 1/20) x t
2 = 1/30 x t  t = 60 sec.
Ans: C

Q. Two trains of lengths 200 mt & 400 mt cross each other completely in 15 sec & 1.25 min
respectively while going in opposite & same direction. Find the speed of the slower train.
A.24 m/s B. 16 m/s C. 40 m/s D. 8 m/s
Soln:
Case A : L1+L2 = (S1+S2) x t (Trains passing opp direction)
200+400 = (S1+ S2) x 15
S1+S2 = 40 m/s ……(1)
Case B : L1+L2 = (S1-S2) x t (Trains passing same direction)
200+400 = (S1-S2) x 75
S1-S2 = 8 m/s …….(2)
2S1 = 48  S1 = 24, S2=16
Ans: B

Q. Person crosses a 600 m long street in 5 minutes. What is his speed in km per hour?
A. 3.6 B. 7.2 C. 8.4 D. 10
Ans: B

Q. An aeroplane covers a certain distance at a speed of 240 kmph in 5 hours. To cover
the same distance in 1 2/3 hours, it must travel at a speed of:
A. 300 kmph B. 360 kmph C. 600 kmph D. 720 kmph
Ans: D

Q. The ratio between the speeds of two trains is 7 : 8. If the second train runs 400 km
in 4 hours, then the speed of the first train is:
A. 70 km/hr B. 75 km/hr C. 84 km/hr D. 87.5 km/hr
Ans: D

Q. A man on tour travels first 160 km at 64 km/hr and the next 160 km at 80 km/hr. The
average speed for the first 320 km of the tour is:
A. 35.55 km/hr B. 36 km/hr C. 71.11 km/hr D. 71 km/hr
Ans: C

Trains(Assignment)
Q. A train 125 m long passes a man, running at 5 km/hr in the same direction in which
the train is going, in 10 seconds. The speed of the train is:
A. 45 km/hr B. 50 km/hr C. 54 km/hr D. 55 km/hr
Ans: B

Q. Two trains run on parallel tracks in the same direction with speeds of 42 km/hr & 60
km/hr. A person sitting in the faster train crossed the slower train completely in 1.2
min. Find the length of the slower train.
A.240 m B. 360 m C. 420 m D. 480 m
Ans: B
Note – Man in the train has same speed as train but no length
Using case 3 from trains  Moving object without length
L1 = (S1 – S2) x t

Time & Distance
• Boats & Streams
• If Speed of boat in still water = x kmph
• Speed of the stream = y kmph then
• Speed of the boat downstream Sd = (x+y) kmph

• Speed of the boat upstream Su = (x-y) kmph
• Speed of Boat in still water X = ½ (Sd + Su)

• Speed of the stream Y = ½ (Sd – Su)

Boats & Streams
Q. A boat goes 16 km upstream & returns back to original place in 6 hrs. If the speed of water
is 2 kmph. Find the speed of boat in still water.
A.3 kmph B. 4 kmph C. 6 kmph D. 8 kmph
Soln
Let speed of boat = x, Speed of water y = 2
Case A : Su = x-2
Case B : Sd = x+2
Total time = Tu + Td
6 = 16/(x -2) + 16/(x+2)
6(x-2)(x+2) = 16(x+2) + 16(x-2)
6x^2 -24 = 16(2x)
6x^2 – 32x -24 =0
3x^2 -16x – 12 =0  3x^2 -18x + 2x -12 =0  (3x+2)(x-6)=0
 x= 6 kmph
Ans: C
Boats & Streams
Q. A man notices that it takes him thrice the time to row up than to row down the
same distance. Find the speed of the boat in still water if the speed of water is 5
kmph?
A. 8 kmph B. 8.5 kmph C. 10 kmph D. 10.5 kmph
Soln
Td : Tu = 1 : 3  Sd : Su = 3 : 1
Let speed of boat = x, Speed of water = 5
Sd = x+5, Su = x-5
Sd/Su = (x+5)/(x-5)
3/1 = (x+5)/(x-5)
3(x-5) = x+5
3x-15 = x+5  2x =20  x= 10 kmph.
Ans: C

Boats & Streams(Assignment)
Q. A person covers 200 m in 15 sec while going upstream & 5 km in 3 min while going
downstream. Find the speed of boat in still water.
A. 44 m/s B. 74 m/s C. 74 km/hr D. 80 km/hr
Ans: C

Q. A man rows at the rate of 12 kmph in still water. It takes him 4 hr 16 min to row to a
place 24 km away & back. What is the speed of water?
A. 3 kmph B. 2.5 kmph C. 2 Kmph D. 1.5 kmph
Ans : A

Q. A man notices that it takes him 5 times the time to row up than to row down the
same distance. Find the speed of the boat in still water if the speed of water is 20
kmph?
A. 22 kmph B. 25 kmph C. 27 Kmph D. 30 kmph
Ans: D

Clocks

Clocks
12
9 3
•  360°
•  60 minute spaces of 6° each
•  12 Hours space of 30° each

Clocks
• The Face or dial of a watch is a circle whose circumference is divided into 60
• equal parts, called minute spaces.
• A clock has two hands, the smaller one is called the hour hand or short hand
• while the larger one is called the minute hand or long hand..
• i) In 60 minutes, the minute hand gains 55 minutes on the hour hand.
• ii) In every hour, both the hands coincide once.
• iii) The hands are in the same straight line when they are coincident or opposite to
• each other.
• iv) When the two hands are at right angles, they are 15 minute spaces apart.
• v)When the hand's are in opposite directions, they are 30 minute spaces apart.
• vi)Angle traced by hour hand in 12 hrs = 360°.
• vii)Angle traced by minute hand in 60 min. = 360°.

Clocks
• 12 hr x 30° = 360°
• At night 12, day starts , both hands are at same place.
• Every hour they coincide once but between 11-12 it coincides at 12, so its 11 times only.
• The two hands coincide -
• 11 times in 12 hours
• The two hand are in opposite direction –
• Between 5-7 it happens only once at 6 o’clock.
• The two hand make right angles –

Clocks
• The hands of a clock coincide 11 times in every 12 hours (Since between 11 and 1,
they coincide only once, i.e., at 12 o'clock).
AM PM
12:00 12:00
1:05 1:05
2:11 2:11
3:16 3:16
4:22 4:22
5:27 5:27
6:33 6:33
7:38 7:38
8:44 8:44
9:49 9:49
10:55 10:55
The hands overlap about every 65 minutes, not every 60 minutes.
∴ The hands coincide 22 times in a day.
Clocks
Q. At what time between 4 and 5 o'clock will the hands of a watch be
together/coincide?
A. 10 9/11 min past 4 B. 21 10/11 min past 4 C. 11 10/11 min past 4 D. 21 9/11 min
past 4
Soln:
• Ans: D D
T=
• Draw diagram of clock here S
Distance travelled by minute 20
hand is 20min-spaces.
=
11/12
So D =20 20 x 12
=
11
240
=
11
9
= 21 11 mins. past 4

Clocks
Q. At what time between 3 & 4 o'clock will the hands of the clock be in the opposite
direction.
A. 40 9/11 min past 3 B. 30 10/11 min past 3
C. 49 1/11 min past 3 D. 41 9/11 min past 3
Ans : C T = D/S
• Draw diagram of clock here =
45
11/12
Distance travelled by minute 45 x 12
hand is 45min-spaces. =
So D =45 11
540
=
11
1
= 49 11 mins. past 3

Clocks
Q. At what time between 7 and 8 o'clock will the hands of a clock be in the same
straight line but, not together? means in opposite direction
2 3 5
A. 5 min. past 7 B.5 min. past 7 C. 5 min. past 7 D. 5 min. past 7
11 11 11
Soln:
• Ans: D
• Draw diagram of clock here T = D/S
Distance travelled by minute 5
=
hand is 5min-spaces. 11/12
So D =5 5 x 12
=
11
60
=
11
5
= 5 11 mins. past 7

Clocks
Q. What is the angle between the hands of a clock at 7:23 am?
A.90° B. 85.5° C. 83.5° D. 81.5°
Soln:
Angle θ = 30H – 11/2 M
11
= 30 x 7 – x 23
2
= 210 - 253/2
= 210 – 126.5
= 83.5°
Ans : C

Clocks
Find the reflex angle between 2 hands of a clock at 10:25
A. 187.5° B. 192.5° C. 197.5° D. 207.5°
Soln:
θ = | 30H -11/2 M | OR|30H – 5.5 M|
= 30 x 10 - 11/2 x 25
= 300 – 275/2
= 300 – 137.5
= 162.5 °
But reflex angle is greater than 180 ° and less than 360 °
360 – 162.5 = 197.5 °
• Ans: C

Clocks
Q. Find non reflex angle between 2 hands of a clock at 10:10
Soln:
θ = | 30H -11/2 M | OR|30H – 5.5 M|
= 30 x 10 - 11/2 x 10
= 300 – 55
= 245° ---- > its a reflex angle > 180°
But reflex angle is greater than 180 ° and less than 360 °
360 -245 = 115° ---- non reflex angle

Clocks
12
Please remember ,
In a clock that runs correctly,
5
hands overlap every 720/11 mins. = 65 mins
11 9 3

Clocks - Method1
• The minute hands of a clock meet at intervals of 70 mins. How much does the clock
gain or lose in one day?
• A. 90 10/77 min B. 93 39/77 min C. 93 35/143 min D. None of these
• Soln:
• In a clock that runs correctly, hands overlap every 720/11 mins.
• In this clock hands are together after every 70 mins.
• So gain/loss in 70 mins = 720/11 - 70 mins = (720-770)/11 = -50/11
• 70 min  50/11 min loss
• 24 x 60 min x
• So loss in one day = (50/11 x 24 x 60) /70 = 93 39/77 min
• Ans: B

Clocks – Method2
Q. The minute hands of a clock meet at intervals of 70 mins. How much does the clock
gain or lose in one day?
• A. 90 10/77 min B. 93 39/77 min C. 93 35/143 min D. None of these
• Soln:
• The minute hand of a clock overtakes the hour hand at intervals of M minutes of
correct time.
• The clock gains or loses in a day by=(720/11−M)(60×24/M) minutes.
• Here M = 70.
• The clock gains or losses in a day by-
• Gain/loss =(720/11−M)(60×24/M)
=(720/11−70)(60×24/70)
720 −770 6 x 24
=( )( )
11 7
−50 144 −7200
=( )( ) =
11 7 77
= 93 39/77 min

Clock(Assignment)
Q. A clock is set at 4am. It loses 16 minutes in 24 hours. What will be the correct time when the clock
indicates 9pm on the 4th day?
• A. 8pm B. 7pm C. 10pm D. 11pm
• Ans C
• Time from 4am on a day to 9pm on the 4th day = 89 hours
• 23 hrs 44 minutes of this clock = 24 hours of the correct clock as this clock loses 16 minutes in 24
hours.
44 11 356
• 23 hrs 44 minutes = 23 = 23 = hrs
60 15 15
356
• Now, hrs of this clock = 24 hours of correct clock
15
• 89 hours of this clock = ?
24×11
• * 89 = 90 hours of the correct clock, i.e. the correct clock gains one hour over the incorrect clock.
356
• The correct time on the fourth day will be 10pm.

Clocks(Assignment)
Q. An accurate clock shows 8 o'clock in the morning. Through how many degrees will
the hour hand rotate when the clock shows 2 o'clock in the afternoon?
A. 144º B. 150º C. 168º D. 180º
• Soln:
• In one hour ----- the hour hand rotates 30°
• In 6 hours ------ the hour hand rotates 180°
• OR
• Number of hours from 8am till 2pm= 6hrs
The rotation of an hour hand in one hour= 30°
Total degree of rotation= 360°
Therefore, the Angle traced by the hour hand in 6 hours is= (360/12)x6 = 180°
• Ans: D

Clocks(Assignment)
Q. What is the angle between the hands of a clock at 7:20 ?
A. 100° B. 1921/2° C. 195° D. 197 1/2°
Ans : A
What is the angle between the hands of a clock at 2:30 ?

A. 144° B. 150° C. 105° D. 180°
Ans : C
What is the angle between the hands of a clock at 3:30 ?

A. 144° B. 150° C. 105° D. 75°
Ans : D

Clocks(Assignment)
Q. The minute hand of a clock overtakes the hour hand at intervals of 65 mins of
correct time. How much does the clock gain or lose in one day?
A. 10 10/143 min B. 10 21/143 min C. 10 100/143 min D. None of these
Ans: A

Clocks(Assignment)
Q. A clock is so placed that at 12 noon its minute hand points towards North-east. In
which direction does its hour hand point at 1:30 p.m ?
A. West B. East C. North D. South
Ans: B
Diagram is shown as per the conditions in the question. Clearly at 1.30 p.m hour hand shall point - East.

Clock(Assignment)
Q. Time piece kept in home is such that hour hand points to North at 9am..In which
direction minute hand and hour hand point respectively at 10:30am?
A. West, North-East B. East, North-West
C. North, South-East D. South, North-West
East
Ans: A
North East
12
11
10
North 9 3 South
West
Races
Races
• A contest of speed in running, riding, driving, sailing or rowing is called a race.
• If in a race Ram is at starting point & Shyam starts from 20 mts ahead, then it is said
that Ram has given Shyam a start of 20 mts or Ram gives Shyam 20 mts.
• This means that if they start from same point Ram would beat Shyam by 20 mts.

Races
Q. In a 100 mt race A gives B a start of 25 mt & still wins by 9 sec. Find the speed of A
if speed of B is 6 kmph.
A.8 kmph B. 9 kmph C. 10 kmph D. 12 kmph
Soln
!---------------------------100 m-----------------------------!
A<---25--->B<-----------75m------------------------------> A=t-9, B=t
Sb = 6 kmph = 6 x 5/18 = 5/3 m/s

Tb = Db/Sb = 75/(5/3) = 45 sec
Ta = Tb-9 = 36 sec
Sa = Da/Ta = 100/36 m/s
= 100/36 x 18/5
= 10 kmph
Ans C
Races(Assignment)
Q. In a 100 m race, A can beat B by 25 m and B can beat C by 4 m. In the same race, A can beat
C by:
A. 21 m B. 26 m C. 28 m D. 29 m
• Soln:-
A : B = 100 : 75
B : C = 100 : 96
A B 100 100
A:C=( × )=( × )=100:72
B C 75 96
A beats C by (100−72)=28 m.
Ans: C

Circular Motion
• Use of both relative speed & LCM
• Let Sa, Sb = speeds of two persons.
Sr = Their relative speed
Distance traveled in 1 round = circumference
Case A : Both running in Same direction
Both meet again first time when  Time = dist/Sr = Circumference/Sa-Sb
Case B : Both running in opposite directions(DistA+ DistB =Circumference)

Both meet first time when  Time = Circumference/Sa+Sb
Case C : Both running in same/opposite directions

Both meet again at starting point at LCM of their Lap times.

Circular Motion(Races)
Q. Two friends P & Q start from same point at the same time on a circular track 336
meters long in opposite directions at 6 m/s & 8 m/s respectively. After how much
time will they meet again at the starting point for the first time?
A. 56 sec B. 112 sec C. 168 sec D. 214 sec
Ans : C
Step1 – find the time taken by each member /player to complete 1 round
Step2 – Calculate LCM(Lap time)
Circumference 336
LapTm(P) = = = 56 sec
Sp 6
Circumference 336
LapTm(Q) = = = 42 sec
SQ 8
LCM(42,56) = 168 sec

Circular Motion(Assignment)
Q. A, B & C start together running along a circular track of 500 m at 8 km/hr, 5 km/hr
& 3 km/hr respectively. After how much time will all three meet again at the
starting point for the first time?
A. 20 min B. 24 min C. 30 min D. 36 min
Ans: C

Permutation & Combination
• What is permutation?
• It is the number of ways a group of things can be arranged.
E.g: Consider 3 letters A,B,C . In how many ways they can be arranged?
• ABC
• ACB
• BAC 6 ways to arrange these 3 letters
• BCA
• CAB
• CBA
• For 3 letter / 4 letter words its possible but for more number of letters we need a formula-
n!
• nPr =
(n−r)!

Q. Consider 4 letters A,B,C,D and arrange them in 3 spaces
- -- 3 spaces
No . Of letters = 4
No of spaces = 3
4! 4!
nPr = 4P3 = = =4! = 4 x 3 x 2 x 1 = 24 ways it can be arranged
(4−3)! 1!
Q. Arrange 7 letters A,B,C,D,E,F,G in 4 spaces

- - - - 4 spaces
7! 7! 5040
nPr = 7P4 = = = = 840
(7−4)! 3! 6

Permutation & Combination - Remember
0! = 1
1!=1
2! = 2 x 1 = 2
3! = 3 x 2 x 1 = 6
4! = 4 x 3 x 2 x 1 = 24
5! = 5 x 4 x 3 x 2 x 1 = 120
6! = 6 x 5 x 4 x 3 x 2 x 1 = 720
7! = 7 x 6 x 5 x 4 x 3 x 2 x 1 = 5040

Difference between permutation and combination
Combination ( order does not matter) Permutation (When the order does matter )
"My fruit salad is a combination of apples,
grapes and bananas" We don't care what "The combination to the safe is 472". Now
order the fruits are in, they could also be we do care about the order. "724" won't work, nor
"bananas, grapes and apples" or "grapes, will "247". It has to be exactly 4-7-2.
apples and bananas", its the same fruit salad.

What is permutation?
Permutation: The various ways of arranging a given number of things by taking some or all at a time are
all called as permutations.
Permutation includes word formation, number formation, circular permutation, etc. In permutation,
objects are to be arranged in particular order. It is denoted by n P r or P(n, r).
Example: Arrange the given 3 numbers 1, 2, 3 by taking two at a time.

Now these numbers can be arranged in 6 different ways: (12, 21, 13, 31, 23, 32).
Here,
12 and 21, 13 and 31 or 23 and 32 do not mean the same, because here order of numbers is important.

• What is combination?
Combination: Each of different groups or selections formed by taking some or all number of objects is
called a combination.
Combination is used in different cases which include team/group/committee.
In combination, objects are selected randomly and here order of objects doesn’t matter. It is
denoted by n C r or C(n, r) or nCr = nC(n-r).
Example: If we have to select two girls out of 3 girls X, Y, Z, then find the number of combinations
possible.
Now only two girls are to be selected and arranged. Hence, this is possible in 3 different ways: (XY,
YZ, XZ,).
Here,
You cannot make a combination as XY and YX, because these combinations mean the same.

Q. In how many ways can the letters of the word 'LEADER' be arranged?
A. 72 B. 144 C. 360 D. 720 E. None of these
Soln:
The word LEADER has 6 letters. So I can be arranged in 6! ways.
Out of these 6 letters , 2 letters are repeated (letter E repeated twice)
6! 6! ways to arrange letters in the word LEADER
So we write it as -
2!
2! In the denominator as letter E is repeated twice
6×5×4×3×2×1
=
2×1
= 360 ways
Ans : C

Q. In how many different ways can the letters of the word 'LEADING' be arranged in
such a way that the vowels always come together?
Soln:
L E A D I N G vowels in this word are E,A I
Remaining letters(consonants) are - L D N G
now we can arrange the vowels together in the remaining spaces as
_ L _ D _ N _ G_ in 5! ways and vowels be rearranged in those spaces in 3! ways
5! X 3! = 720 ways
Ans : C

Q. In how many different ways can the letters of the word 'CORPORATION' be
arranged so that the vowels always come together?
A. 810 B. 1440 C. 2880 D. 50400 E. 5760
Soln:
C O R P O R A T I O N------- vowels in this word are O,O,A,I,O
Remaining letters(consonants) are - C R P R T N
now we can arrange the vowels together in the remaining spaces as
_C_R_P_R_T_N_ in 7! ways and vowels be rearranged in those spaces in 5! Ways
But the repeated letters are 2R in consonants and 3O in vowels
7! 5!
X = 50400 ways
2! 3!
Ans : D

Q. Out of 7 consonants and 4 vowels, how many words of 3 consonants and 2 vowels
can be formed?
Soln:
we need to form a 5letter word with 3consonants & 2vowels = C C C V V
Ways to select, (3 consonants out of 7) AND (2 vowels out of 4)
= 7C3 X 4C2 X 5! each group has 5 letters and they can
be arranged in 5! ways
7×6×5 4×3
= X X 5!
3×2×1 2×1
= 35 X 6 X 120
= 25200 ways
Ans : C

Q. In how many different ways can the letters of the word 'DETAIL' be arranged in such
a way that the vowels occupy only the odd positions?
A. 32 B. 48 C. 36 D. 60 E. 120
Ans: C

Q. From a group of 7 men and 6 women, five persons are to be selected to form a committee
so that at least 3 men are there on the committee. In how many ways can it be done?
Soln:
We may have (3 men and 2 women) or (4 men and 1 woman) or (5 men only).
Required number of ways= (7C3 x 6C2) + (7C4 x 6C1) + (7C5)
7x6x5 6x5
=( x ) + (7C3 x 6C1) + (7C2)  [using nCr = nC(n-r) ]
3x2x1 2x1
7x6x5 6 7x6
= 525 + ( x ) +( )
3x2x1 1 2x1
= 525 + 210 +21
= 756
Ans: D

Permutation & Combination(Assignment)
Q. In a group of 6 boys and 4 girls, four children are to be selected. In how many
different ways can they be selected such that at least one boy should be there?
Soln:
(1 boy and 3 girls) or (2 boys and 2 girls) or (3 boys and 1 girl) or (4 boys).
= (6C1 x 4C3) + (6C2 x 4C2) + (6C3 x 4C1) + (6C4)
= (6C1 x 4C1) + (6C2 x 4C2) + (6C3 x 4C1) + (6C2)  using nCr = nC(n-r)(to reduce
calculation)
6x5 4x3 6x5x4 6x5
= (6 x 4) + ( x ) +( x4) +
2x1 2x1 3x2x1 2x1
= (24 + 90 + 80 + 15)
= 209
Ans: D

Q. How many 4-letter words with or without meaning, can be formed out of the letters
of the word, 'LOGARITHMS', if repetition of letters is not allowed?
A. 40
B. 400
C. 5040
D. 2520
Ans: C

Q. In how many different ways can the letters of the word 'MATHEMATICS' be
arranged so that the vowels always come together?
A. 10080
B. 4989600
C. 120960
D. None of these
Ans: C

Q. In how many different ways can the letters of the word 'OPTICAL' be arranged so
that the vowels always come together?
A. 120
B. 720
C. 4320
D. 2160
E. None of these
Ans: B

Q. How many Permutations of the letters of the word APPLE are there?
A.600 B.120 C.240 D.60
Ans: D

Q. How many different words can be formed using all the letters of the word
ALLAHABAD?
A.7560
B.7890
C.7650
D. None of these
Ans: A

Q. Find the value of 50P2
A. 4500
B. 3260
C. 2450
D. 1470
Ans : C

Q. How many words can be formed by using letters of the word ‘DELHI’?
a. 50
b. 72
c. 85
d. 120
Ans : D

Q. Find the number of ways the letters of the word ‘RUBBER’ can be arranged?
A. 450
B. 362
C. 250
D. 180
Ans: D

Q. Out of 5 consonants and 4 vowels, how many words of 3 consonants and 2 vowels
can be formed?
A. 60
B. 200
C. 5230
D. 7200
Ans : D

Q. In how many ways can a group of 5 men and 2 women be made out of a total of 7
men and 3 women?
A. 63
B. 90
C. 126
D. 45
E. 135
Ans: A

IMPORTANT FORMULAE
• I.1.Area of a rectangle=(length x breadth)
• Therefore length = (area/breadth) and breadth=(area/length)
• 2.Perimeter of a rectangle = 2 x (length + breadth)
• II.Area of a square = (side)^2 =1/2(diagonal)^2

• III Area of four walls of a room = 2*(length + breadth)*(height)
• IV 1.Area of the triangle=1/2(base*height)

• 2. Area of a triangle = (s*(s-a)(s-b)(s-c))^(1/2), where a,b,c are the sides of a triangle & s= ½(a+b+c)
• 3.Area of the equilateral triangle =((3^1/2)/4)*(side)^2

IMPORTANT FORMULAE
• V.1.Area of the parellogram =(base *height)
• 2.Area of the rhombus=1/2(product of the diagonals)
• 3.Area of the trapezium=1/2(size of parallel sides)*distance between them.
• VI 1.Area of a circle =pi*r^2,where r is the radius

• 2. Circumference of a circle = 2ΠR.
• 3. Length of an arc = 2ΠRθ/(360) where θ is the central angle
• 4. Area of a sector = (1/2) (arc x R) = pi*R^2*θ/360.
• VII. 1. Area of a semi-circle = (pi)*R^2.

• 2. Circumference of a semi-circle = (pi)*R.
• where, pi = 3.142

VOLUME AND SURFACE AREA – IMPORTANT FORMULAE
• I. CUBOID
• Let length = l, breadth = b and height = h units. Then,
• 1. Volume = (l x b x h) cubic.units.
• 2. Surface area= 2(lb + bh + lh) sq.units.
• 3. Diagonal.=√𝑙 2 + 𝑏 2 +ℎ2 units
• II. CUBE
• Let each edge of a cube be of length a. Then,
• 1. Volume = 𝑎3 cubic units.
• 2. Surface area = 6𝑎2 sq. units.
• 3. Diagonal =√3 a units.
• III. CYLINDER
• Let radius of base = r and Height (or length) = h. Then,
• 1. Volume = (∏ r2h) cubic units.
• 2. Curved surface area = (2∏ rh). units.
• 3. Total surface area =2 ∏ r (h+r) sq. units

VOLUME AND SURFACE AREA – IMPORTANT FORMULAE
• IV. CONE
• Let radius of base = r and Height = h. Then,
• 1. Slant height, l =√ h2+r2
• 2. Volume = (1/3) ∏ r 2h cubic units.
• 3. Curved surface area = (∏ rl) sq. units.
• 4. Total surface area = (∏ rl + ∏ r 2 ) sq. units.
• V. SPHERE
• Let the radius of the sphere be r. Then,
• 1. Volume = (4/3) ∏ r 3 cubic units.
• 2. Surface area = (4 ∏ r 2 ) sq. units.
• VI. HEMISPHERE
• Let the radius of a hemisphere be r. Then,
• 1. Volume = (2/3) ∏ r 3 cubic units.
• 2. Curved surface area = (2 ∏ r 2) sq. units.
• 3. Total surface area = (3 ∏ r 2) units.

Surds and Indices

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GENERAL APTITUDE

Trainer : Sujata Mohite

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• Imp : Convert every term to same units

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• Q. A man covers 10kms at a speed of 5 km/hr, 30kms at a speed of 7 km/hr abd

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Original Case1 Case2

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Total Dist = Speed x time

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Case A : Stationary object without considerable length

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Case B : Stationary object with considerable length

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Case C : Moving object without considerable length

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Case D : Moving Object with considerable length

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Case B : L1+L2 = (S1±S2) x t (Train passing other train)

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• Speed of the boat downstream Sd = (x+y) kmph

• Speed of Boat in still water X = ½ (Sd + Su)

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