1.2 Public Speaking PDF

Public Speaking
communicating information
before a large audience
Communication Universals
1. You cannot not communicate
2. All Communication has content and relationship dimensions
Content - Literal meaning, information
Relationship - defines the relationship between sender and receiver.
Features of relationship that get defined in message exchanges
include:
- Liking
- Responsiveness (intensity),
- Control
- Trust
3. Communication is a series of punctuated events
4. Communication is irreversible and unrepeatable.
5. Communication is culture-specific.
Five Elements of Public Speaking
Who is the source of
the message. What is the message itself. Whom is the
audience, while the medium is the
actual delivery method and ending in the effect. Think of
the effect as the speaker's intent
for the speech.
Steps and Methods of
Speech Preparation
1. Select a speech topic
2. Create a speech outline
3. Write the speech
4. Apply gestures, staging, and
vocal variety
5. Practice and solicit feedback
6. Self-Critique: Prepare for the
next speech
Ethics in Public
Speaking
1. Show Respect for Your Audience
2. Respect Your Audience’s Time
3. Prepare Your Speech
4. Be Honest and Don’t Mislead
Your Audience
5. Avoid Plagiarism
6. Ensure Your Objective Is Ethical
Building
Confidence
Self-confidence is understanding that you trust
your own judgment and abilities, and that
you value yourself and feel worthy, regardless
of any imperfections or of what others may
believe about you
.
Self-efficacy and self-esteem are sometimes
used interchangeably with self-confidence,
but they are subtly different.
What is a confident person?
A confident person:
does what they believe is right,
even if it’s unpopular
is willing to take risks
admits their mistakes and
learns from them
is able to accept a compliment
is optimistic.
Tips for building self-confidence
Look at what you’ve already achieved
01.
It’s easy to lose confidence if you believe you haven’t achieved
anything. Make a list of all the things you’re proud of in your
life, whether it’s getting a good mark on an exam or learning to
surf. Keep the list close by and add to it whenever you do
something you’re proud of. When you’re low in confidence, pull
out the list and use it to remind yourself of all the awesome
stuff you've done.
02. Think of things you're good at

Everyone has strengths and talents. What are yours?
Recognizing what you’re good at,and trying to build on
those things, will help you to build confidence in your own
abilities.
Set some goals
03.
Set some goals and set out the steps you need to take to
achieve them. They don’t have to be big goals; they can even
be things like baking a cake or planning a night out with
friends. Just aim for some small achievements that you can
tick off a list to help you gain confidence in your ability to get
stuff done
04. Talk yourself up
You’re never going to feel confident if you have negative

commentary running through your mind telling you that
you’re no good. Think about your self-talk and how that
might be affecting your self-confidence. Treat yourself like
you would your best friend and cheer
yourself on
Get a hobby
05.
Try to find something that you’re really passionate about. It
could be photography, sport, knitting or anything else! When
you’ve worked out your passion, commit yourself to giving it a
go. Chances are, if you’re interested or passionate about a
certain activity, you’re more
likely to be motivated and you’ll build skills more quickly.
Projecting a positive image to others can help you to
improve your self-confidence.
Like this book? What happened?
Mercury is the smallest planet Jupiter is the biggest planet
Your favorite part Tell me the story

Despite being red, Mars is a cold place Saturn is a gas giant and has rings
Specific
Techniques
Seven ways to build your
confidence as a speaker:
1. DEAL WITH ANY
NEGATIVE PAST
PUBLIC SPEAKING
EXPERIENCES.
2. DRAW ON
POSITIVE PAST
SPEAKING
EXPERIENCES
3. WATCH
YOURSELF ON
CAMERA AND
WRITE DOWN THE
THINGS YOU LIKE
4. DON’T
COMPARE
YOURSELF TO
OTHERS,
LEARN WHAT
YOU CAN AND
MOVE
ON
5. BACK
YOURSELF
WITH YOUR
WORDS
6. CONFIDENCE AND
ARROGANCE ARE
DIFFERENT – DON’T
FEAR BEING
CONFIDENT
7. PRACTICE
Asychronous Activity
1.1 Making Connections
Describe a communication event you have
experienced that illustrates each of the five
75% "Communication Universals." Explain how.
What makes someone and effective

Communicator? How will being an
effective communicator be valuable in your life as
you see it?
25%
Come up with examples of how variations in each of
the four types of "environment" can affect and alter
meaning (e.g. How could the same words mean
something different in different environments?)
Quiz next meeting
Review Topics 1 & 2
ACTIVITY: One Minute
Off-the-Cuff
In one minute give an impromptu speech
on any topic that interests you. The only
rule is that you can’t
prepare for it in any way. This is designed
to get you more comfortable speaking off-
thecuff and minimize the anxiety that
comes from being afraid you won’t have
anything to say.

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Public Speaking

02. Think of things you're good at

04. Talk yourself up

You’re never going to feel confident if you have negative

Your favorite part Tell me the story

What makes someone and effective

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