e-ISSN: 2582-5208

International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science

Volume:02/Issue:06/June-2020 www.irjmets.com

PAVEMENT ROUGHNESS MEASUREMENT BY BUMP INTEGRATOR

Mr. Vishal V Deulkar*1, Pro. Kalyani P Nichat*2
*1
Research Scholar, Transportation Engineering, G.H. Raisoni University, Amravati, Maharashtra, India.
*2
Professor, Civil Engineering Department, G.H. Raisoni University, Amravati, Maharashtra, India.

ABSTRACT
Pavement surface unevenness plays a pivotal role on roughness index of road which affects on riding comfort
ability. Pavement roughness is generally defined as an expression of irregularities in the pavement surface that
adversely affect the ride quality of a vehicle Roughness is an important pavement characteristic because it
affects not only ride quality but also vehicle delay costs, fuel consumption and maintenance costs.
The scope of work includes assessing the pavement condition in terms of Unevenness.
Index (UI) based on Roughness Index value (in mm/km) for the existing four lane divided carriageway having
bituminous pavement as per the IRC special Publication No.16-2004.
The scope of the work is to carry out bump Integrator test using fifth wheel bump integrator (ARUR) No-
STECO for the road section from Talegaon to Amravati from Km.100.00 to Km.166.725 on both the
carriageways. The scope has involved the following items:
● Reviewing the road stretch along the length of 17.725 Kms.(from km.149.000 to km.166.725)
● Performing Bump Integrator Test for the total length of 17.725 Kms.
● Calculate grouping & analyzing the data based on Good,Average & Poor stretches.
KEYWORDS: Bump Integrator, Pavement Surface, Roughness Index,. ARUR(Automatic Road Unevenness
Recorder ), STECO(Scientific & Technological Equipment Corporation).

I. INTRODUCTION
The deterioration of the paved roads in tropical and subtropical countries differs from those in the more
temperate climate regions of the world. This can be due to the harsh climatic conditions and sometimes due to
the lack of good pavement materials and construction practices.
The common road users judge the functional requirements of a road pavement in terms of riding comfort. Poor
riding quality as per the judgement of the road users mainly depends upon the presence of pavement undulations
or unevenness. If the longitudinal profile of the pavement surface is undulated or uneven, when automobiles
travel at high speed, the vehicles are subjected to vertical oscillations of varying magnitude and frequency,
causing increase in fuel consumption in vehicles, increase in wear and tear of all moving parts and in the tyres,
increase in discomfort to the passengers and higher rate of fatigue to the drivers and other occupants of the
vehicle.
Objectives:-
 These studies have quantified the impact of road geometrics and roughness on the components of operating
costs such as fuel, tyres, spare parts, depreciation, travel time and vehicle speed.
 Road roughness therefore emerges as a key characteristic of the road condition which should be seriously
considered in developing maintenance standards and for fixing the level of serviceability required for the
purpose of economic evaluation.
 Study the periodic performance of the roads.
 To predict the Riding Comfort and Skid Resistance of the Pavement to support timely Intervention.

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International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science
Volume:02/Issue:06/June-2020 www.irjmets.com
II. METHODOLOGY
Talegaon-Amravati being a divided carriageway, the traffic in all the lanes moves in one direction only. As there
was no opposing traffic.The test was carried of 2.1 kg/sq.cm the tyre pressure was checked every hour to ensure
that it remained constant. During the test cumulative bumps were recorded for every 200 m length.The bump
integrator should preferably travel along the wheel path. A mechanical counter measures the cumulative of
unidirectional vertical movement of the wheel relative to the chassis of the vehicle. Also a revolution counter is
used to measure the distance travelled. The supervisor or the observer with the equipment will activate the main
switch at the beginning of the stretch and switch it off at the end of stretch. The readings of both the counters are
noted and are entered into the data sheet. While performing the test, a brief description of the road surface is
also noted down. For precise analysis and measurements of roughness readings have been recorded for each
inner lane & outer lane on both LHS & RHS of the project highway.
a) Applications:
 The bump integrator offers a rapid means of measuring unevenness or riding quality.
 Consistent results can be obtained if unit is operated correctly.
 Simple numerical output is easy to handle for long lengths of road where graphic record is tedious to
evaluate.
 The maximum permissible values of unevenness index measured with bump integrator for different
surfaces as per IRC.SP.16-2004 specifications
b) SCOPE OF WORK:-
The scope of work includes assessing the pavement condition in terms of Unevenness index (UI) based on
Roughness index value (in mm. per km.) for the existing four lane divided carriageway having bituminous
pavement as per the IRC SP No. 16:2004. The scope of the work is to carry out bump Integrator test using fifth
wheel bump integrator (ARUR)STECO No. for the road section NH-53 (Old NH-06) Four lane divided highway
from Talegaon to Amravati from Km.100.000 to Km.166.725 including Bypass on both the carriageways. The
scope has involved the following items:
● Major focus on study in this paper, comparative study for surface irregularity of pavement occurred in After
monsoon i.e.To find out the values of Unevenness Index (UI)in mm/km & International Roughness Index (IRI)
in m/km..
● Reviewing the road stretch along the length of 17.325 Kms. Bypass section
(From.Km.149.400 to Km. 166.325)
● Performing Bump Integrator Test for the total length of 17.325 Kms.
● Calculate grouping & analysing the data based on Good, Average & Poor stretches.

III. MODELING AND ANALYSIS

Pavement roughness is measured by the BI which has automatic counters, which provide us the readings which
pertain to the vertical movement or displacement of the vehicle while travelling along the road. The distance is
measured by a measuring device.
Riding quality Test: Riding quality of each lane of the carriageway shall be checked with the help of a calibrated
bump integrator and the maximum permissible roughness for purposes of this Test shall be 2000 mm for each
kilometre. The Surface roughness of the project Corridor was tested using a fifth wheel bump integrator ARUR
No.STECO -67 owned by M/s IRB Talegaon-Amravati Toll way Ltd. The tests were carried out Kilometer wise
on each traffic lane i.e for traffic in both directions. For the purpose of this test 4 runs of Bump integrator were
made in separate lanes. The test run number is mentioned for each lane as given below-

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International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science
Volume:02/Issue:06/June-2020 www.irjmets.com

Talegaon-Amravati (Up) Amravati-Talegaon(Down) Chainage Length

Outer lane Inner lane Inner lane Outer lane

From Km. 149.400
17.325
to Km. 166.725
Run 1 Run 3 Run 4 Run 2

Fig-1: Fifth Wheel Bump Integrator

The details of the stretches where Surface roughness were carried out are summarized below.
The Test setup consisted of the following-
 Bump Integrator Machine (Roughness)
 Towing Vehicle
 Chasing
 Patrolling vehicle
IV. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
U.I. & I.R.I Test Result from Km.149.000 to Km.166.725 respectively. Total length of stretch 17.725 km LHS
& RHS respectively. After collecting the data is recorded and calculated, these figures indicate that the overall
performance of road surface is in sound condition. Thus in general, the performance of the Talegaon-Amravati
road in terms of riding quality is ‘Good’. Analysis is further carried out. This file will have the data regarding to
the point’s chainage, bump integrator reading for number of lanes along one direction. The road section should
now be categorized under Good, Average & Poor sections based on the Unevenness Index & International
roughness Index values.
Measurement Of Roughness Of Talegaon-Amravati Nh-6
Type of Layer- BITUMINOUS CONCRETE

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International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science
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Table-1:-Lane Wise Bump Integrator Reading (cm)

Direction-2 (Mumbai-
Direction-1 (Nagpur-Mumbai)
Chainage Nagpur)
Run-1 Run-3 Run-4 Run-2
outer
From To outer lane Inner lane Inner lane
lane
149.000 149.200 28 32 26 25
149.200 149.400 25 29 29 28
149.400 149.600 28 25 26 29
149.600 149.800 26 26 38 34
149.800 150.000 27 21 34 36
.... .... ….. …… …… ……
.... .... ….. …… …… ……
.... .... ….. …… …… ……
.... .... ….. …… …… ……
166.200 166.400 32 31 29 30
166.400 166.600 32 30 31 30
166.600 166.725 27 28 28 26

Table-2: Lane Wise Observed Roughness (X) Reading(cm)

Direction-1 (Nagpur-Mumbai) Direction-2 (Mumbai-Nagpur)

Chainage
Run-1 Run-3 Run-4 Run-2

Inner
From To outer lane Inner lane outer lane
lane

149 150 134 133 153 152

150 151 157 145 170 173

151 152 146 145 148 141

152 153 132 130 133 136

153 154 143 140 134 130

154 155 140 139 137 136

155 156 150 143 183 177

156 157 139 138 151 145

157 158 127 124 141 142

158 159 151 121 134 145

159 160 138 116 129 126

160 161 148 125 132 137

161 162 142 130 120 136

162 163 132 127 138 146

163 164 169 154 133 141

164 165 139 138 128 141

165 166 151 157 139 140

166 166.725 121 118 120 118

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Table-3: Summary of Result
Direction-Nagpur - Mumbai
Chainage (km) Outer Lane-Run 1 Inner Lane-Run 3 Average

Roughnes Riding Roughnes Riding Roughnes Riding

From To s Index IRI (m/km) Quality s Index IRI (m/km) Quality s Index IRI (m/km) Quality
(mm/km) Rating (mm/km) Rating (mm/km) Rating
149 150 1568 2.26 GOOD 1557 2.24 GOOD 1562.5 2.25 GOOD
150 151 1836 2.60 GOOD 1696 2.42 GOOD 1766 2.51 GOOD
151 152 1708 2.44 GOOD 1696 2.42 GOOD 1702 2.43 GOOD
152 153 1545 2.23 GOOD 1522 2.20 GOOD 1533.5 2.21 GOOD
153 154 1673 2.39 GOOD 1638 2.35 GOOD 1655.5 2.37 GOOD
154 155 1638 2.35 GOOD 1626 2.33 GOOD 1632 2.34 GOOD
155 156 1754 2.49 GOOD 1673 2.39 GOOD 1713.5 2.44 GOOD
156 157 1626 2.33 GOOD 1615 2.32 GOOD 1620.5 2.32 GOOD
157 158 1487 2.15 GOOD 1452 2.11 GOOD 1469.5 2.13 GOOD
158 159 1766 2.51 GOOD 1417 2.06 GOOD 1591.5 2.29 GOOD
159 160 1615 2.32 GOOD 1359 1.99 GOOD 1487 2.15 GOOD
160 161 1731 2.47 GOOD 1464 2.12 GOOD 1597.5 2.29 GOOD
161 162 1661 2.38 GOOD 1522 2.20 GOOD 1591.5 2.29 GOOD
162 163 1545 2.23 GOOD 1487 2.15 GOOD 1516 2.19 GOOD
163 164 1975 2.77 GOOD 1801 2.47 GOOD 1888 2.62 GOOD
164 165 1626 2.36 GOOD 1615 2.32 GOOD 1620.5 2.34 GOOD
165 166 1766 2.77 GOOD 1836 2.60 GOOD 1801 2.69 GOOD
166 167 1417 2.06 GOOD 1382 2.02 GOOD 1399.5 2.04 GOOD

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Fig-2: U I Plot (Nagpur-Mumbai Lane)for Talegaon to Amravati

Fig-3: U I Plot (Mumbai – Nagpur Lane)for Talegaon to Amravati

V. CONCLUSION
As per CRRI suggestion FWBI instrument is not recommended on high speed road corridors because of speed
constraint and safety .However such devices are considered to be good for low category road and road in hilly
area. Fifth wheel run on centre of lane due to deficiency of pavement beyond the lane path are ignoring.
In present study of selected Talegaon-Amravati(NH-53)section observed ,LHS(Nagpur-Mumbai side) lane-1 &
Lane-3 condition of road surface is in GOOD condition, change in climatic condition not affect the road
foundation or settlement of embankment. But RHS (Mumbai-Nagpur side) Inner Lane-2 Km.150.000 to
Km.151.000 deteriorate due to potholes are create and Km.155.000 to Km.156.000 outer Lne-4 & Inner Lane-2
major cracks and undulation are found. That stretch is in Average condition.

VI. REFERENCES
[1] IRC: SP 16-2004, Guidelines for the Surface Evenness of Highway Pavements, Indian Roads Congress,
Shahjahan Road New Delhi.
[2] DETERMINATION OF PAVEMENT ROUGHNESS USING BUMP- INTEGRATOR: STATE-OF-
THEART- REVIEW, Vol-4 Issue-1 2018 I JARIIE- ISSN(O)- 2395-4396, Dhara Dattani & Dharmendra
Sondarva ( PG Student, Civil Engineering Department, MEFGI Rajkot, Gujarat, India) Monicaba Vala (
Assistant Professor, Civil Engineering Department, MEFGI Rajkot, Gujarat, India ),
[3] FLEXIBLE PAVEMENT EVALUATION USING PROFILOMETER for UNEVNESS ,International
Research journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) ( Volume: 05 Issue: 02 | Feb-2018 ) Durgesh
Kumar Singh ( 1Final year M.E. Student, Civil Engineering Department, L.D. College of Engineering,
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Ahmedabad, Gujarat India ), Prof. (Dr.) P. J. Gundaliya ( Prof. Civil Engineering Department, L.D.
College of Engineering, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India)
[4] ROAD ROUGHNESS MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES AND TATNDARDISATION OF RTRRMS
DEVICES, Pradeep Kumar, Senior Scientist (CSIR-Central Road Research Institute NewDelhi)
[5] A STUDY ON CORRELATION BETWEEN INTERNATIONAL ROUGHNESS INDEX AND PRESENT
SERVICEABILITY RATING (IJIRSET. Vol. 6, Issue 9, September 2017), Kundan Hallur-M.E Student
(Highway Engineering), Department of Civil Engineering, U V C E, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India, Dr L
Manjesh. Associate Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, University Visvesvaraya College of
Engineering, Bengaluru
[6] STUDY OF DEFECTS IN FLEXIBLE PAVEMENT AND ITS MAINTENANCE
Zulufqar Bin Rashid1, Dr. Rakesh Gupta2
1M. Tech Scholar, Civil Department, SRMIET, Bhurewala, Ambala.
2Professor, Director Civil Engineering Department, SRMIET, Bhurewala, Ambala
[7] Pavement Roughness Prediction Systems: A Bump Integrator Approach, World Academy of Science,
Engineering and Technology (IJCEE, Vol:8, No:12, 2014) Rumi Sutradhar - PhD scholar under Civil
Engineering Department, Dr. Manish Pal - Associate Professor of Civil Engineering Department in
National Institute of Technology Agartala (NITA), India.
[8] Development of Pavement maintenance management system(PMMS) for four road section of Patiyala
urban road network using HDM-4 mode, Joti Mandhani- M.E.Civil Infrastructure Engineering,Thapar
University,patiyala. Tanuj Chopra Asst. professar ,department of Thapar university patiyala

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