F3 Chapter 7 Energy and Power
F3 Chapter 7 Energy and Power
F3 Chapter 7 Energy and Power
Work done
Solution:
Work = Force x Displacement
= 650Nx4m
= 2600J
b) A bag with a mass of 10 kg is lifted from the floor to a c) A student who weighs 45 kg walks up a flight
table with a height of 0.8 m. Calculate the work done. of stairs of 5 m high. What is the work done?
(Assume that the gravitational force acting on an object with (1 kg = 10 N)
a mass of 1 kg is 10 N).
Solution: 450N x 5m =2250J
Solution: 100N x 0.8m= 80J
Y x 5m=850J
Y=850/5
Y=170N
Y=17 kg
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Power
Solution
Worker X= 600J/10s
=60 W
Worker Y=600J/20s
Y=30 W
Solution:50Nx6m=300J
300J/8s=37.5 W
d) Solution: 600Nx3m=1800J
If a man weighing 60 kg uses a power of 200 W to climb a 1800J/Ys=200 W
tree, which is 3 m high, calculate the time taken by him to do =9m
the work?
(1 kg = 10 N)
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Determining the power to move an object horizontally
Ahmad=125 W
Kelly=100 W
a)
An object with a mass 20 kg is 400 m from the ground level.地平面
Calculate the gravitational potential energy of the object,
(g = 10 m s-2)
Solution
Gravitational potential energy, Ep (J)
= mass (kg) x gravitational acceleration (m s 2) x height (m)
=20kg x 200000 m s-2 x 400m
=1600000000 J
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b)
An object with a mass of 500 g is at the top of the tower 塔, 80m
from the ground level.
Calculate the gravitational potential energy of the object,
(g = 10ms-2)
Solution
Gravitational potential energy, Ep (J)
= mass (kg) x gravitational acceleration (m s-2) x height (m)
=0.5 x 5000 x 80
= 200000J
b)
A spring is placed vertically as shown in Diagram 7.5.
When a wooden block with a mass of 500 g is put on
the spring, the length reduces from 20 cm to 16 cm.
Calculate the elastic potential energy stored in the
spring.
Solution:1/2 x 5N x 0.04
=0.1 J
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Kinetic energy
a)
A bird with a mass of 1 kg is flying with a velocity of 10
ms-1. Calculate the kinetic energy possessed by the bird.
Solution
Kinetic energy, Ek = ½ mv2
½ x 1 x 10
=5 J
b)
A man with a mass of 60 kg is running with a velocity of
10 m s-1.
Calculate the kinetic energy possessed by the man.
Solution ½ x 60 x 10 = 300 J
c)
When a car with a mass of 200 kg moves at a velocity Solution ½ x 200 x 80000
of 80 km h -1 . Calculate the kinetic energy possessed =8000000 J
by the car.
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Example 2
The diagram below shows an archer 弓箭手 pulling an arrow 拉箭 from an
elastic cord 绳子. If the elastic potential energy that is kept in the cord is 6.25 J.
Calculate:
(a) The kinetic energy of arrow when released,
(b) Mass of arrow if the speed of the arrow before touching 碰到 the
target 目标 is 10 m s-1.
Solution:
(a) Kinetic energy (of arrow) = Potential energy of the elastic cord = 6.25 J
Example 3
(a) Calculate the kinetic energy when a person with a mass of 50
kg is cycling at a velocity of 6 m s-1 at the foot of the hill 山脚.
(b) Calculate the height achieved 达到 by the cyclist at the top of
the hill.
[Given that g = 10 m s-2]
Solution
(a) Kinetic energy (J)= ½ mv2 =
Example 4
The diagram shows a toy pistol 玩具枪. A dart with a mass of 0.01 kg
is pressed into the pistol by compressing the spring. The length of the
compressed spring is 4 cm. Spring length stretches to 8 cm when a
force of 3 N is exerted on the trigger 触发器, when the dart 飞镖 is
fired
Solution
Based on the principle of conservation of energy,
Kinetic energy gained, Ek = Elastic potential energy lost, Ep