Lea 1

IMMACULATE CONCEPTION – I College of Arts and Technology
#47 A.Bonifacio Street, Likod Simbahan, Poblacion, Sta. Maria, Bulacan

COURSE SYLLABUS
COURSE CODE :
COURSE TITLE :
CREDIT UNITS : Three (3) Units
PRE-REQUISITE COURSES :
PROFESSOR/INSTRUCTOR : MS. JENNY LAGNE
I. COURSE DESCRIPTION:
II. LEARNING OUTCOMES
KNOWLEDGE
OUTCOMES
SKILLS
III. EVIDENCE OF LEARNING
IV. LEARNING PLAN
Introduction to Police Organization and Administration

In all modern societies, the enforcement of the law is vital-without some type of
law enforcement, a society would eventually cease to exist. The function called law
enforcement is a society’s formal attempt to obtain compliance with the established
rules, regulations, and laws of that society. Without law enforcement, society as we
know it would probably succumb to social disorder and chaos (Jones and Barletlett
Learning, 2020).
Police
● The agency of a community or government that is responsible for enforcing the
law, maintaining public order, and preventing and detecting crimes (Banton, Brodeur,
Kelling, Whetstone, & Walsh, 2019).
● The act of maintaining discipline or ensuring that the rules must be observed
(Encarta Word English Dictionary, 1999).
Organization
● A group of people who work together in an organized way for a shared purpose
(Cambridge Dictionary, 2020).
1
Administration
● The determination of objectives and major policies of an organization.
Police Administration
● An organizational process concerned with the implementation of the objectives
and plans, and internal operating efficiency of the police organization (Timpac, 2013).
● Otherwise known as police in action, the cooperative human effort to achieve the
purposes of the Criminal Justice System.
Police Organization
● A structured group of highly trained personnel dealt with achieving the following
goals and objectives (Padduyao, 2016)
Goal
● a desired result you want to achieve and is typically broad and long-term (Forsey,
2019).
Objective
● defines the specific, measurable actions (Forsey, 2019).
Goals of Police Organization
● To protect lives and properties.
● To ensure public safety
● To maintain peace and order
Objectives of Police Organization
● To attain effectiveness in the enforcement of law and efficiency of law enforcers.
● To attain a low crime volume and crime rate.
● To attain a maximum degree of solution and criminal conviction of law violators.
● To attain maximum degree in the protection of lives and properties.
2
POLICE TERMINOLOGIES OR JARGONS
Organize
● To form a police unit for the purpose of accomplishing a common objective.
● To arrange systematically a group of police unit/s.
Organizing
● The act of systematically arranging police units in hierarchical order to perform
specific functions thus achieve desired objectives.
Manage
● To direct or conduct the affairs or interests of various police units.
● To control the direction, operation, and business of a police unit or the police
organization as a whole.
Police Management
● The art or manner of administering, controlling, or handling all the various
aspects of the police organization.
● The skillful use of means to accomplish the task, purpose or objective of a police
unit or organization.
Police Politics
● The study of public administration or affairs of the government in relation to
police matters.
● Maneuvering for power within the police organization.
Police Power
● The power of the government to impose what is considered reasonable
restriction on the liberties of its citizens for the maintenance of public order and safety.
● Legally speaking, it is the power of the government to enact laws or regulations

relative to persons and property that may promote public health, public morals, public
safety and the general welfare and convenience of the people.
Police Accountability
● The inherent responsibility of the police organization to be answerable for the
misconducts committed by its members.
● It is the legal responsibility of the police officers to face any consequence that
may arise while exercising their powers, duties, and functions.
3
Sworn Officer
● Personnel of the police department who took his oath of office and thus
possesses the power to arrest.
Superior Officer
● An officer having supervisory responsibilities (either temporary or permanent)
over an officer of lower rank.
Subordinate
● An officer belonging to the lower or inferior rank.
Commanding Officer
● An officer who is in command of a police department, bureau, division, district, or
area/station.
Ranking Officer
● An officer having the more senior/higher rank in a team or group of police
officers.
Commissioned Officer (PCO)
● A police officer with a rank of police inspector and higher.
Non-Commissioned Officer (PCNO)

● A police officer with a rank of Senior Police Officer IV and lower.
Length of Service
● The period of time that has elapsed since the oath of office was administered to
an officer; previous active services may be included or added.
On-duty/Active Duty
● The period when an officer is actively engaged in the performance of his duty.
Special Duty
● It is the form of duty requiring an officer to be excused from the performance of
his active regular duty.
Off-duty
● The nature of which the police officer is free from specific routine duty.
4
Leave of Absence
● A specified period during which an officer is excused from active duty or direct
participation in police work.
Sick Leave
● A period wherein an officer is excused from active duty by reason of illness or
injury.
Suspension
● A consequence of an act that temporarily deprives an officer from the privilege of
performing his duties as a result of violating a directive or other departmental regulation.
Departmental Policies/Rules
● Rules established by the police department directors/administrators to control the
conduct of the members of the police force.
Duty Manual
● A book of instruction that describes the procedures and defines the duties of
officers designed to a specified post or position.
Order
● An instruction given by a ranking officer to a subordinate either general, special,
and personal.
Report
● It is usually a written communication unless otherwise specified to be a verbal
report.
Verbal reports should be confirmed by written communication.
Historical Development of Policing in the Worldwide and Philippine Setting

The term ‘POLICE’ was derived from the following:
● “POLITEIA” (Greek word) which means Greek word and used to describe the
group of civil officers governing the city and not necessarily the armed men guarding or
policing the city.
● “POLITIA” (Romans) which means civil administration.
● “POLICE” (French) used it to those authorized people who enforce the law.
5
● “PULIS” - Filipinos further translated the term police in a way for it to be
compatible in the manner they pronounce and spell words (Timpac, 2013).
EVOLUTION OF POLICING IN THE INTERNATIONAL SETTING

A. Anglo Saxon (Ancient England) Period – 600-1066 A.D.
POLICING SYSTEM FORERUNNER/PERSONALITIES
CONTRIBUTION/DESCRIPTION
Thanes Policing System (King Alfred the Great)
● A type of internal police force where landowners throughout the kingdom were
responsible to police their own territory.
Landowners were empowered to:
- arrest offenders and deliver them to the King.
- settle civil litigations.
Frankpledge Policing System ‘TYTHINGMEN’
- Every male over twelve (12) years old joined nine (9) of his neighbors to form
TYTHINGMEN.
- They performed police work and anyone who failed to join and perform this duty
was severely fined.
● This policing system was carried out under a system of mutual pledge.
● Policing responsibility lies in the hands of the citizens.
Tun Policing System
● This policing system required all male residents to guard the town to preserve
peace and order, protect the life and property of the people and suppress other factors
affecting peace and order.
● Tun was the forerunner of the word “town”.
Hue and Cry Policing System
● Complainant or victim will go to the middle of the community and shout to call all male
residents to assemble. Once heard, male residents will automatically assemble to go
after the criminal and apprehend him.
Royal Judge System (Royal Judge)
- conducts criminal investigation and gives appropriate punishment for the
crime committed.
6
● It started the identification of criminals.
B. Normal Period – 1066-1285

POLICING SYSTEM FORERUNNER/PERSONALITIES
Shire-Reeve System (King William Norman)
● King Norman divided the kingdom into 55 military districts known as Shire-
reeves.
Shire – used to refer to a district.
Reeve – used to refer to the ruler of the district who made laws, rendered judgment, and
imposed penalties.
Court of the Tourn
From the Court, 12 ‘TYTHINGMEN’ were selected to hear serious cases.
● It settles a range of cases, more often dealing with petty offenses and civil
matters.
Court Leet ‘Master of the House’
- The head of the court which was appointed by the King.
‘Comes Stable’
- also appointed by the King to be responsible in keeping peace and order in a
specific area.
- under the responsibility of local officials who could petition to remove him if he
did not perform his job properly.
- Comes Stable became Constable which is used to day to refer to members of the
police force.
● The Normans established the Court Leet which looked after matters of purely
local interest and petty village nuisances.
Legis Henrici King Henry I
● Imposed the following features:
✔ Law violations were classified as offenses against the King.
7
✔ Policemen were considered as public officials.
✔ The police and the citizens were given the power to conduct arrest.
✔ Grand Jury was created to inquire on the facts of the law.
Keepers of the Peace King Richard of England (1195)
● It requires the appointment of knights to keep the King’s peace.
● The knights were posted on bridges and gates to check the people entering and
leaving the town or cities.
Magna Carta (Great Charter) King John of England on June 15, 1215
● became a law upon the demand of the Knights of the Round Table.
It declared the following:
✔ No freemen shall be taken or imprisoned, disposed, outlawed, or bowed except by legal
judgment of his peers.
✔ No person should be tried for murder unless there is proof of the body of the victim.
✔ There should be national and local government as well as the national and local
legislation.
C. Westminster Period (1285-1500)

POLICING SYSTEM/STATUTE FORERUNNER/PERSONALITIES
Statute of Winchester (1285)
- Watch and Ward system.
● It was enacted for law and order.
Statute of 1295
● It began the closing of the gates of London during sunset.
● This started the observation of the curfew hours.
Justice of the Peace
● This was a position given to a respected citizen, who has the power to arrest,
pursue and imprison offenders.
Star Chamber Court
● a special court that tried offenders against the state.
8
● Later on, it became both a court of law to determine civil rights and a court of
revenue to enrich treasury.
Keepers of the Peace King Richard of England (1195)
● It requires the appointment of
knights to keep the King’s peace.
● The knights were posted on bridges and gates to check the people
entering and leaving the town or cities.
D. Modern Period
POLICING SYSTEM/STATUTE FORERUNNER/PERSONALITIES
Night Watchmen or Bellmen King Charles II in 1663
● They were employed to be on duty from sunset to sunrise.
Bow Street Runners Henry Fielding (1748)
- Chief Magistrate of Bow Street in London.
● Thief Catchers
Later on, he formed the Bow Street Horse Patrol whose duty was to patrol the main
roads thus securing the travelers from highway bandits.
London Metropolitan Police Sir Robert Peel (1829)
- Father of Modern Policing
- the world’s first modern organized police force.
- later called Scotland Yard
E. French Police System

FORERUNNER/PERSONALITIES CONTRIBUTION/DESCRIPTION
King Louis XIV (17th Century)
● He maintained a small central police organization consisting of some 40 inspectors
who, with the help of numerous paid informants, supplied the government with details
about the conduct of private individuals.
Officers de Paix (1791)
9
● It was the origin of the term peace officers.
Sergent de Ville (Servant of the City)
● These were called the first uniformed police officers.
Other contributions:
● Conceiving street signs
● Assigning house numbers
● Installing street lighting
● Creating emergency and rescue services
● Use of police ambulances
● Use of warrant card and ID signifying authority to arrest.
F. American Police System

Rattle watch
● It was organized in New York, Philadephia, and Boston which was similar to the
night watchmen in London created during the reign of King Charles II.
● They carried rattles while on duty to inform the public of their watchful presence.
Municipal Police Force
a. Night watch (1638) – Boston, Massachusetts
b. Rattle watch (1658) – New York
c. Night watch (1700) – Philadelphia
d. Introduction of police regulation that “No watchman has the liberty to sleep”
(1722) – New Haven, Connecticut
e. It became a government policy that able-bodied males over 16 years old were
required to serve without pay (1800).
f. Daytime police with pay (1833)
g. Full police New York City
State Police Force
a. Texas Rangers (1835)
b. State Constables (1865) – Massachusetts
10
c. Pennsylvania State Police (1905)
Federal Police Force

a. Post Office Inspection System (1829)
b. Investigation on crimes against the government (1861)
c. Detective forces (1868) were formed to investigate problems on revenue
services, immigration and smuggling.
d. In 1934, Federal government attention focused on lotteries, drug regulations, and
transportation guidelines.
e. Enactment of the Anti-White Slavery Act and Motor Vehicle Act (1910)
f. In 1934, National Kidnapping Act, Banking Act, and Racketeering Act were
passed by the United States Congress.
EVOLUTION OF POLICING SYSTEM IN THE PHILIPPINE SETTING

Pre-Spanish Period
The forerunner of the contemporary police system was the practice of barangay
chieftains to select-abled bodied young men to protect their barangay during the night.
Spanish Period
1. Carabineros de Seguridad Publico (Mounted Police) - 1712
2. Guardrilleros (January 8, 1836)
3. Guardia Civil (February 12, 1852)
Japanese Occupation
1. Kempetai
2. Metropolitan Constabulary
American Occupation until the World War II broke out

1. Insular Police Force (November 30, 1890)
2. Insular Constabulary (July 18, 1901)
3. Manila Police Department (MPD) – July 31, 1901
Important Personalities
11
● Capt. George Curry – a U.S. Army officer appointed by the TAFT Commission
on August 7, 1901 as the first Chief of Police.
● Capt. Columbus Piatt – last American COP of MPD before World War II broke
out.
● Col. Antonio C. Torres – first Filipino COP when MPD became an all Filipino
police organization; declared Manila as an open city when World War II broke out in
1941; during the World War II, MPD was placed again under the American control.
● Col. Marcus Ellis Jones – a U.S. Provost Marshall who was named as MPD
COP just after the Manila Liberation.
● Col. Lamberto T. Javalera – the first Filipino COP of MPD appointed by Pres.
Roxas under the Republic Government.
Philippine Constabulary (1901)

Important Personalities
● Capt. Henry T. Allen – first Chief of the Philippine Constabulary from 1901-1907
such that he was called as the Father of Constabulary in the Philippines.
● Brig/Gen. Rafael Crame – first Filipino Chief of Police. He served as the PC Chief
from 1917-1927.
RELEVANT LAWS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF POLICE SERVICE IN THE

PHILIPPINES
1. Act No. 3815- The Revised Penal Code of the Philippines (January 1, 1932).
2. Philippine Constitution (1935) - (Section 9, Art. XIV).
3. Act No. 181- created the Bureau of Investigation (November 1938).
4. Republic Act No. 157 (June 19, 1947)- It provides for the creation of the National
Bureau of Investigation (NBI).
5. Republic Act No. 2678 -It was enacted in 1960 which provides for the expansion
and reorganization of the NBI
6. Rules of Court (January 1, 1964) - to promote the broad objective of the criminal
justice system and to assist the parties in obtaining just, speedy, and inexpensive
determination of every legal action and proceeding.
7. Republic Act No. 4864 (September 18, 1966) - Police Act of 1966.
12
8. Republic Act No. 6040 (1969) - “Civil Service Act of 1969
9. Act No. 3815- The Revised Penal Code of the Philippines (January 1, 1932).
10. Philippine Constitution (1935) - (Section 9, Art. XIV).
11. Act No. 181- created the Bureau of Investigation (November 1938).
12. Republic Act No. 157 (June 19, 1947)- It provides for the creation of the National
Bureau of Investigation (NBI).
13. Republic Act No. 2678 -It was enacted in 1960 which provides for the expansion
and reorganization of the NBI
14. Rules of Court (January 1, 1964) - to promote the broad objective of the criminal
justice system and to assist the parties in obtaining just, speedy, and inexpensive
determination of every legal action and proceeding.
15. Republic Act No. 4864 (September 18, 1966) - Police Act of 1966.
16. Republic Act No. 6040 (1969) - “Civil Service Act of 1969.
17. Republic Act No. 6506 (July 1, 1972) - “An Act Creating the Board of Examiners
for Criminologists in the Philippines and for other purposes”.
18. Philippine Constitution (1973)- (Section 12, Article XV).
19. Presidential Decree No. 421 (1974)
20. Presidential Decree No. 765 (August 8, 1975)
21. Presidential Decree No. 1184 (August 26, 1977) -The Integrated National Police
Personnel Professionalization Act of 1977”.
22. Philippine Constitution (1987)
23. Republic Act No. 6975 (December 13, 1990) -DILG Act of 1990
24. Republic Act No. 8551 (February 25, 1998) -PNP Reform and Reorganization Act
of 1998.
POLICE IN THE MODERN WORLD

The police form part of a nation’s criminal justice system (CJS), which also includes the
courts and correctional institutions. In this sense, the police are called law enforcers. In
the CJS, they compose the law enforcement pillar.
A. Set-up of Police Force in the United States
13
1. City Police - are mainly responsible for enforcing the law in their own city.
● New York Police Department has the largest city police department in the United
States.
2. County Police - powers extend throughout the county.
● Sheriff serves as the chief law enforcement officer in most counties elected by
the people.
3. State Police - sometimes called state troopers or highway patrol officers because
they were originally organized along military lines and often rode horses.
● Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) - the chief investigating branch of the
United States Department of Justice.
● National Crime Information Center (NCIC) - a computerized information system
that stores records of wanted persons and stolen property; operated by the FBI based in
Washington, D.C.
4. Private Police Agencies - are licensed by the federal state government to perform
limited types of police work such as detective services to individuals and businesses.
● Pinkerton Private Detective Agency (Allan Pinkerton) - the earliest private
detective agency that was licensed by the federal state government.
B. National Police Agencies Around the World
1. Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) – Canada
2. London Metropolitan Police (Great Britain)
3. Australia Federal Police (Australia)
4. Surete Nationale (France)
5. Gendarmes
6. Ministry of Internal Affairs (Russia)
7. People’s Police (China)
INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL POLICE ORGANIZATION (INTERPOL) - Members
exchange information about international crimes and cooperate in fighting
transnational crimes such as counterfeiting, smuggling, and illegal buying and selling of
weapons.
14
THEORY AND PHILOSOPHY OF POLICE SERVICE

Theories of Police Service
1. Home Rule Theory
● Police are considered servants of the community.
● This is applied in countries that have decentralized government structure.
2. Continental Theory
● Policemen are considered servants of a higher authority.
● This theory is applied in countries that have centralized governments.
Fundamental Concepts of Police Service
1. Old Concept
● Police is looked upon as a repressive machinery of the government.
● The yardstick of police efficiency is more arrests.
2. Modern Concept
● Police are an instrument for crime prevention.
● The yardstick of police efficiency is the absence of crime.
Basic Police Mission
The basic police mission is preserving order by enforcing rules of conduct or laws. This
was the same in ancient societies as it is today in sophisticated urban communities.
POLICE ORGANIZATION UNITS

A. Functional Units
These are parts/components of the police organization that are well-designed to work or
perform definite tasks. These are as follows:
1. Bureau - the largest organic unit within a large department, each bureau is
composed of a number of divisions
2. Division - the primary subdivision of a bureau.
3. Section - a smaller functional unit within a division that is necessary for
specialization purposes.
15
4. Unit - the smallest group within a section when further specialization is needed.
B. Geographical Units
1. Post
● A fixed point or location where a police officer is assigned for duty.
● This may include a designated desk, an intersection or crosswalk, or a point of
ingress or egress.
● A permanent spot for general guard duty.
2. Route/Line Beat
● A length of street/s designated for patrol purposes.
3. Beat
● An area assigned for patrol purposes, whether by foot or motorized.
4. Sector
● An area containing two or more bats, routes or posts.
5. District
● A geographical subdivision of a city for patrol purposes, usually with its own
station.
6. Area
● A section or territorial division of a large city or metropolis, each composed of
designated districts.
POLICE FUNCTIONS
● Duties and responsibilities explicitly carried out by police agencies to meet the
demands concerning public order and public safety.
Types of Police Functions
1. Line Functions - these are designed to meet the basic police mission like patrol,
traffic enforcement, or criminal investigation.
2. Staff Functions - those that exist to support line functions, either directly or
indirectly like planning and research unit.
a. Auxiliary Support Services
16
● Those charged with the responsibility of giving immediate assistance to the
operations of line elements like communications and crime laboratory services.
b. Administrative Services
● Those that provide services that are of less immediate assistance and are
supportive of the entire police department like personnel and training.
Functions of the Police

1. Maintain peace and order
2. Enforce the laws in their respective assigned jurisdictions.
3. Prevent crimes.
4. Make arrests, searches, and seizures in accordance with law.
5. Investigate crimes.
6. Prosecute offenders.
7. Ensure public safety.
8. Protect life and property.
PRINCIPLES OF POLICE ORGANIZATION

1. Principle of Unity Objectives - Every police officer should play a part in the
attainment of the objectives of the police organization.
2. Principle of Organizational Efficiency - This principle requires that, in order that
the PNP organization is effective, it must be structured in a certain manner to
accomplish the objectives with a minimum cost.
3. Scalar Principle - This principle requires a vertical hierarchy of an organization
which defines the unbroken chain of units and command from top to bottom describing
explicitly the flow of authority.
a. Unity of Command
● It states that a group of police officers should only be under the control of one
superior or ranking police officer.
b. Span of Control
● It states that a senior police officer should be provided with not more than what
he can effectively direct.
17
c. Delegation of Authority
● A superior officer must designate some of his immediate subordinates to
exercise a part of his administrative power. However, the power passed on by the
superior officer carries an appropriate responsibility.
4. Functional Principle - This principle is otherwise known as division of work
according to type, place, time, and specialization.
5. Line and Staff Principle - It implies a system of varied functions arranged into a
workable pattern.
6. Principle of Balance - Application of the principles of organization must be
balanced to ensure the effectiveness of the patrol force in accomplishing its objectives.
7. Principle of Absoluteness of Responsibility - It states that the responsibility for
performance of the deputy chief to the chief of police is absolute (unconditional) and
vice versa, and that the chief of police cannot escape his accountability on the activities
performed by his subordinates.
8. Principle of Flexibility - It states that there is higher tendency that the PNP can
fulfill its purpose if the organization receives more provisions for flexibility
(adaptability).
9. Principle of Authority Level (Hierarchy of Authority) - Decisions within the
authority of the police station commanders should be made by them and should not be
referred to their superiors, such as the police district commander (or PNP provincial
director).
10. Principle of Parity and Responsibility - The responsibility of the head of the
Investigation Section for the actions of his detectives cannot be greater than that implied
by the authority he has delegated, nor should it be less.
Types of Law Enforcement Agencies

A law enforcement agency (LEA) is any agency which enforces the law. This may
be a special, local, or state police, federal agencies such as the Federal Bureau of
Investigation (FBI) or the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA). Also, it can be used
to describe an international organization such as Europol or Interpol. This is a list of law
enforcement agencies, organized by continent and then by country.
18
Name of the Year of About the Agency /

S.No. Headquarters
Agency formation Vision
It is the lead agency
tasked in providing
security for the
Presidential
President of the
1 Security Philippines 1897
Philippines, Vice
Group
President of the
Philippines, and their
immediate families.
It is the lead anti-drugs
law enforcement
agency, responsible for
Philippine Drug preventing, investigating
2 Enforcement Philippines 2007 and combating any
Agency dangerous drugs,
controlled precursors
and essential chemicals
within the Philippines.
It is the national police
Philippine force of the Republic of
3 Philippines 1991
National Police the Philippines.
It is an agency of the
Philippine government
under the Department of
National Bureau Justice, responsible for
4 Philippines 1936 handling and solving
of Investigation
major high profile cases
that are in the interest of
the nation.
It is an agency of the
Philippine
government under the
Department of
Land
Transportation and
5 Transportation Philippines 1964
Communications
Office
responsible for
optimizing the land
transportation service
19
and facilities and to
effectively implement
the various
transportation laws,
rules and regulations
It is an attached
agency of the
Department of
Bureau of Internal
6 Philippines 1904 Finance. BIR collects
Revenue
more than one-half of
the total revenues of
the government.
It is the executive
department of the
Philippine
government
responsible for
Department of governing and
7 Environment and Philippines 1917 supervising the
Natural Resources exploration,
development,
utilization, and
conservation of the
country's natural
resources.
20

Lea 1

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Lea 1

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Lea 1

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

IMMACULATE CONCEPTION – I College of Arts and Technology

#47 A.Bonifacio Street, Likod Simbahan, Poblacion, Sta. Maria, Bulacan

Introduction to Police Organization and Administration

● Legally speaking, it is the power of the government to enact laws or regulations

Non-Commissioned Officer (PCNO)

Historical Development of Policing in the Worldwide and Philippine Setting

EVOLUTION OF POLICING IN THE INTERNATIONAL SETTING

B. Normal Period – 1066-1285

C. Westminster Period (1285-1500)

E. French Police System

F. American Police System

Federal Police Force

EVOLUTION OF POLICING SYSTEM IN THE PHILIPPINE SETTING

American Occupation until the World War II broke out

Philippine Constabulary (1901)

RELEVANT LAWS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF POLICE SERVICE IN THE

POLICE IN THE MODERN WORLD

THEORY AND PHILOSOPHY OF POLICE SERVICE

POLICE ORGANIZATION UNITS

Functions of the Police

PRINCIPLES OF POLICE ORGANIZATION

Types of Law Enforcement Agencies

Name of the Year of About the Agency /

You might also like