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Module-6 Repetition Looping

The document discusses different types of repetition/loop statements in programming including do-while loops, while loops, and for loops. It provides the syntax for each loop type and explains how they work by initializing a variable, checking a condition, and updating the variable each iteration through the loop block. Examples are given to demonstrate each loop type. The document also provides practice problems to help students apply loop concepts by computing sums, products, quotients, and determining properties of numbers without using division or other operators.

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jun
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37 views

Module-6 Repetition Looping

The document discusses different types of repetition/loop statements in programming including do-while loops, while loops, and for loops. It provides the syntax for each loop type and explains how they work by initializing a variable, checking a condition, and updating the variable each iteration through the loop block. Examples are given to demonstrate each loop type. The document also provides practice problems to help students apply loop concepts by computing sums, products, quotients, and determining properties of numbers without using division or other operators.

Uploaded by

jun
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Module 6

Repetition/Loop Statement
I. Preparations
At the end of this module students will:
 construct program to execute multiple times.
 construct solution to complex problems using looping/repetition structure
appropriately;
II. Presentation
Another crucial programming construct is the looping statement or loop.
Using a loop, you can repeat a certain section of your source based on the
boundaries. Similar to a conditional statement, the loop starts running as soon as
the condition is satisfied and ends when it is not. You will get knowledge and
comprehension of how to use the loop statement from this chapter.
There are four (4) structure of loop
 do-while loop
 while loop
 for loop
The do-while( ) statement
A do-while loop is a type of loop in programming languages which executes a
block of code at least once, and then repeatedly executes the block, or not, depending on a
given boolean condition at the end of the block. The condition is evaluated after executing
the code block, so the code block will always be executed at least once.

Syntax:

initialization;
do {
code to be executed;
update;
} while (condition);

The do-while loop starts with the do keyword followed by a code block and
a boolean expression with the while keyword. The do while loop stops execution
exits when a boolean condition evaluates to false. Because the while(condition)
specified at the end of the block, it certainly executes the code block at least once.

Example:

int i = 0;
do
{
Response.Write("i = " + i + "<br/>");
i++;
} while (i <= 10);
Output:

i=1
i=2
i=3
i=4
i=5
i=6
i=7
i=8
i=9
i = 10

Specify initialization out of the loop and increment/decrement counter


inside do while loop. Use break or return to exit from the do while loop.

int i = 1;
do
{
Response.Write("i = " + i + "<br/>");
i++;
if (i > 5)
break;
} while (i <= 10)

Output:

i=1
i=2
i=3
i=4
i=5
The while loop Statement
A while loop is a control flow statement that allows code to be executed repeatedly
based on a given condition. The while loop can be thought of as a repeating if statement.
The while loop will keep iterating until the defined condition evaluates to false.

The while keyword is used to create while loop in C#. The syntax for while loop
is:

Syntax:

initialization;
while (condition) {
code to be executed; true block
update;
}

How while loop works?

1. C# while loop consists of a test-expression.


2. If the test-expression is evaluated to true,
 statements inside the while loop are executed.
 after execution, the test-expression is evaluated again.
3. If the test-expression is evaluated to false, the while loop terminates.

int i = 1;
while (i <= 10)
{
Response.Write("i = " + i + "<br/>");
i++;
}
Output:

i=1
i=2
i=3
i=4
i=5
i=6
i=7
i=8
i=9
i = 10
Initially the value of i is 1.

When the program reaches the while loop statement,

 the test expression i <=10 is evaluated. Since i is 1 and 1 <= 10 is true, it executes
the body of the while loop. Here, the line is printed on the screen with Iteration 1,
and the value of i is increased by 1 to become 2.
 Now, the test expression (i <=10) is evaluated again. This time too, the expression
returns true (2 <= 10), so the line is printed on the screen and the value of i is now
incremented to 3..
 This goes and the while loop executes until i becomes 11. At this point, the test-
expression will evaluate to false and hence the loop terminates.
The for loop Statement
A for loop is a type of loop in programming which allows you to repeat a certain
set of instructions a fixed number of times. It is most commonly used to iterate over a
sequence, such as a list or array, and execute the same set of instructions for every item in
the sequence.
Syntax:

for (initialization;condition;update){
code to be executed; true block
}

How for loop works?

1. C# for loop has three statements: initialization, condition and iterator.


2. The initialization statement is executed at first and only once. Here, the
variable is usually declared and initialized.
3. Then, the condition is evaluated. The condition is a boolean expression,
i.e. it returns either true or false.
4. If the condition is evaluated to true:
 The statements inside the for loop are executed.
 Then, the iterator statement is executed which usually changes the
value of the initialized variable.
 Again the condition is evaluated.
 The process continues until the condition is evaluated to false.
5. If the condition is evaluated to false, the for loop terminates.

III. Practice
1. Input two positive integers. Compute and display the product of the two numbers
without using multiplication operator (*).
2. Input integer N. Compute and display the sum of squares from 1 to N. If the value of
N is 4, then the result is 30, because 1^2 + 2^2 + 3^2 + 4^2 = 1 + 4 + 9 + 16 = 30.

IV. Performance
1. Input two positive integers. Compute and display the quotient and the remainder
without using any division ( / ) operator or modulo operator.
2. Input positive integer. Determine if the number is:
a. Prime number or not
b. Perfect number or not
c. Strong number
d. Factorial
e. Palindrome or not

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