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Community – an important adaption to
late modernity, or from a practice
perspective as a set of professional
Understanding the community refers to
activities that are of special interest
the strategic intervention and process of
because they are developed across
empowering and sustaining the
institutional boundaries, through
community based on developing their
partnerships.
resources. This is to improve existing
conditions that will improve the lives of
the people therein and realize the full
Civil Society Perspective
potential of the community.
Community – a network of social
groups that connect, collaborate,
Definition of Community and interrelate in an organized
way of sharing common resources
and cultutre.
Social Science Perspective Sharing a culture – members of
Local Community
A “community” in some senses, may not
A group of interacting people
even have a physical location, but be
sharing an environment.
demarcated by being a group of people
In human communities, intnet,
with common interest.
belief, resources, preferences,
needs, risks, and other conditions
may be present and common,
affecting the identity of the
participants and their degree of
cohesiveness.
Theories of Social Change
Evolutionary Theory
Grassroots Community
Societies gradually move towards
A grassroots movement is driven increasing complexity as it learns and
by a community’s politics. devise ways to adapt to the demands of
Grassroots movements – often at the times and the changing environment.
the local level, as many volunteers
in the community give their time
to support the local party, which Social change necessarily meant progress
can lead to helping the national to something better so that any change
Individual roles and status emerge Societies tend to move towards a state of
out of these produced internal balance or homeostasis. Until this
relationships with corresponding internal state of internal balance is
expectations and functions. reached, society continues to undergo
changes making constant adjustments
Social Structure
trying to stabilize it from forces that act on
Social structure refers to the recurring
it.
patterns of behaviour that people create
through their interactions, their exchange
of information, and their relationships Conflict Theory
(Nark, 1998 in Kornblum, 2000).
Economic determinism or economic
Functionalists emphasize that social factors determine the course of social
structure is essential because it creates change, which also accounts for social
order and predictability in a society class conflict, in a struggle towards control
(Parsons, 1951 in Kendall, 2003).
of economic resources that bring about social, cultural, and economic
the social changes. development are relatively rapid
dynamic.
Societies fall or lag behind and rise or groups of internet users called