SSC MTS Exam

S t u d y M a t e r i a l f o r Genral Awareness
 IMPORTANT ONE LINERS – HISTORY
● Harshavardhana started the organization of Kumbh fair at Allahabad.
● During Dana Nanda’s reign, Alexander invaded India (327–325 BCE).
● The Battle of the Hydaspes was fought in 326 BC between Alexander the Great and King
Porus of the Paurava kingdom (region between Jhelum and Beas).
● The best known of the Kushanas was Kanishka who was an ardent follower of Mahayana
form of Buddhism. Gandhara art developed during his period.
● The Saka Era was founded by Kanishka, the emperor of Kushana Empire from the year 78
A.D.
● Upnishads are books on Philosophy.
● Kanishka was the first Indian ruler who had territory outside India.
● The capital of the early Chalukyas was Badami.
● Lokesvara temple at Pattadakal in Karnataka built by Chalukya king Vikramaditya II to
commemorate his victory over the Pallavas.
● The Nanda dynasty was ruling at the time of Alexander's invasion.
● Swami Vivekananda attended the "Parliament of the World's Religions" in America in the
year of 1893.
● Maurya Period from 322 BCE to 185 BCE.
● Chandragupta was succeeded by his son Bindusara.
● Bahmani dynasty (1347–1527) founded by Ala-ud-Din Hassan Bahman Shah who was also
known as Hassan Gangu.
● The capital of Bahmani kingdom was Gulbarga from 1347 AD to 1425 AD. It was moved to
Bidar in 1425 AD.
● Sunga Dynasty was from 185 BC to 73 BC.
● Mohenjodaro is prominent Harappan site, being surrounded by flood barriers in order to
protect it with the aid of UNESCO funds.
● J.B. Kripalani was the President of the Indian National Congress at the time of Mountbatten
Plan was accepted.
● ‘Saare Jahan Se Acha’ song written by Muhammad Iqbal.
● The Indian Trade Union Congress was founded on 31 October 1920 with Lala Lajpat Rai as its
first president.
● Dadabhai Naoroji prepared the first estimates of National income of India.
● Samudragupta organised Ashwamedha Yajna in Gupta Period.
● Mir Zafar betrayed Siraj-ud-Daulah in the battle of Plassey in 1757.
● Guru Nanak founded Sikhs Religion. His teachings composed in Adi Granth.
● Guru Ramdas was Founder of Amritsar.
● Harihara and Bukka is the founder the Vijayanagar empire in 1336 A.D. on the southern
banks of Tungabhadra.
● Hampi as the capital city of Vijayanagar empire.
● Vijayanagar Empire was ruled by four important dynasties and they are:
o Sangama
 o Saluva
o Tuluva
o Aravidu
● Krishnadeva Raya from the Tuluva dynasty was the most famous king of the Vijayanagar
Empire.
● Vikramashila university was founded by Pala king Dharmapala.
● Mihira Bhoja was a ruler of the Gurjara-Pratihara dynasty of India.
● The period between 1206 AD and 1526 AD in India’s history is known as the Delhi Sultanate
period.
● The kingdoms of Delhi Sultanate are as follows:
o Slave dynasty 1206 – 1290
o Khilji dynasty 1290 – 1320
o Tughlaq dynasty 1321 – 1413
o Sayyid dynasty 1414 – 1450
o Lodhi dynasty 1451 – 1526
● Babur entered India in 1526 and defeated Ibrahim Lodi at the First Battle of Panipat in 1526.
Babur was the first Mughal emperor In Indian.
● The leader of the Bhakti movement focusing on Lord Rama was Ramananda.
● The Red fort of Delhi was constructed during the reign of Shah Jahan.
● In 1799 Sawai Pratap Singh constructed Hawa Mahal in Jaipur.
● Guru Arjan Dev was the fifth guru of Sikhs.
● Chinese Traveller Hiuen Tsang travelled during the reign of Harshvardhana in seventh
Century.
● The Bangladesh Liberation War ended on 16th December 1971.
● The Sepoy Mutiny started from Meruth on 28th may, 1857.
● The battle of Goa was occurred in 1510 between Portuguese Empire and Bijapur Sultanate.
● Lothal is located in coastal areas of Gujrat and it was major post city of Indus valley
civilization.
● Lord William Bentick was the first Governor General of British India.
● Sardar Vallabhbai Patel was the leader of Bardoli Satyagraha.
● The Poona pact was signed between Mahatma Gandhi and B.R. Ambedkar on 24th
September 1932.
● The sati system was abolished by Lord William Bentinck in 1829.
● Genghis Khan, founder of the Mongol Empire, invaded Transoxiana in 1219 during his
conquest of Khwarezm.
● During their rule the British persuaded or forced cultivators to produce jute in Bengal, tea in
Assam, sugarcane in Uttar Pradesh, wheat in Punjab, cotton in Maharashtra and Punjab, and
rice in Madras.
● Indian Mughal paintings originated during the rule of Mughal Emperor, Humayun.
● Humayun's Tomb is located in India.
● During the Mughal Period the Official and Court language was Persian.
● Gol Gumbaz was designed by Yaqut of Dabul.
● Shah Jahan was imprisoned for the rest of his life by Aurangzeb.
● Simon Commission came to India in 1928 to reform India's constitutional system.
● Gol Gumbaz is located in Karnataka.
● Dhamek Stupa was built by Emperor Ashoka of the Maurya Dynasty.
● The first Buddhist Council was held at Rajagriha.
● First battle of Panipat was fought between the army of Babur and Ibrahim Lodi in 1526.
● The Upanishads are the Source of Hindu Philosophy.
● English education was introduced in India by Macaulay.
● Mahatma Gandhi gave the title of "Mahamana" to Madan Mohan Malviya.
● Lord Lin Lithgow was the Viceroy of the time of Quit India Movement.
● Madan Mohan Malaviya took loans for financing "The Hindustan Times" from Punjab
national bank.
● Rowlatt Act 1919 was enacted during the period of Lord Chelmford.
● In the year of 1991 Soviet Union disintegrate into 15 independent Republics.
● Buddha, Dhamma and Sangha together are known as Triratna.
● Pulakesin II was the greatest ruler of the Pallavas of Kanchi.
● The Uttaramerur inscription provides information on the administration of the Cholas.
● The founder of the Lodi Dynasty was Bahlol Lodi.
● Iltutmish was the first ruler to issue Pure Arabic coin in India.
● The Treaty of Seringapatam is associated with Third Anglo-Maratha War.
● The Gandharva School of art is also known as the Buddhist-Roman art.
● Muhammad-bin-Tughlaq was the Sultan at Delhi at time of the Vijayanagar empire was
founded.
● Jawaharlal Nehru established the Indian Civil Liberties Union in 1936.
● Mahatma Gandhi gave the title of "Sardar" to Vallabhai Patel.
● Flag Satyagraha was held at Nagpur in 1923.
● Multan was named by the Arabs as City of gold.
● ‘Kavirajamarga’ the book is written by Amoghvarsha, the Rashtrakuta King.
● Uraon tribes is associated with the "Tana Bhagat" movement.
● Shaheed Bhagat Singh founded the Naujawan Bharat Sabha.
● Rashtrakuta King Krishna I built the Kailasanatha Temple at Ellora.
● The Battle of Buxar was fought between British East India Company and Mir Qasim.
● Lord Lytton passed the Vernacular Press Act and the Arms Act of 1878.
● Lord Mayo was the only Viceroy of India to be murdered in office.
● In 1939 Subhash Chandra Bose was elected as President of the Congress Party defeating
Pattabhi Sitharamayya.
● Swaraj is my Birth Right and I shall have it. This was advocated by Lokmanya Tilak.
● Raja Ram Mohan Roy was the founder of Brahmo Samaj.
● The famous book “Gulamgiri” was written by Jyotiba Phule.
● Kamarup is an ancient name of Karnataka.
● Akbar introduced Mansabdari system in India.
● Battle of Talaikota led to the downfall of the Vijayanagar empire.
● Harshavardhana shifted his capital from Thanesar to Kannauj.
● The first Muslim to be elected President of 'Indian National Congress' was Badruddin Tyabji.
● The Ellora caves were designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1983.
● Rana Sanga has built the Vijay Stambha (Tower of Victory) in Chittorgarh.
● Sachindranath Sanyal was sent to the dreaded Cellular Jail in Port Blair for his involvement in
Kakori train robbery.
● Shah nama written by Ferdowsi.
● Ryotwari System was introduced by Thomas Munro in 1820.
● The National Archives of India (NAI) is located in New Delhi.
● The British officer who ended the menace of Thuggee was William Sleeman.
● Cornwallis made the Permanent Settlement with the Zamindars of Bengal.
● Chittaranjan Das defended Aurobindo Ghosh in the Alipore conspiracy case.
● Dadabhai Naoroji in his Poverty and Un-British Rule in India explained how the English
rulers were different from the earlier invaders.
● The Battle of Plassey was fought in 1757.
● Madam Cama is known as Mother of Indian Revolutionaries.
● The leader of revolt of 1857 in Lucknow was Begum Hazrat Mahal.
● Lord Cornwallis introduced Permanent Settlement in 1793.
● Lord Wavell convened the ‘Simla Conference’ in 1945.
● ‘Individual Satyagraha’ began on 17 October 1940.
● The Two Nation Theory was propounded in Lahore Session, 1940 of the Muslim League.
● Lord Linlithgow was the Viceroy of India during the Quit India Movement started in 1942.
● INA trials held at the Red Fort, New Delhi.
● The Cripps Mission visited India during the regime of Lord Linlithgow.
● Usha Mehta ran an underground radio station at Bombay during the Quit India Movement.
● Indian National Army (INA) was originally founded by Capt. Mohan Singh in Singapore in
September 1942 with the help of Japan.
● Mahatma Gandhi gave the call ‘Do or Die’ during the Quit India Movement.
● Satyendranath Tagore, the elder brother of poet Rabindranath Tagore, was the first Indian to
pass the I.C.S. Examination in 1863.
● Ryotwari system was introduced by Thomas Munro and Captain Read in 1820. Major areas
of introduction of Ryotwari system included Madras, Bombay, parts of Assam, and Coorg
provinces of British India.
● Mahalwari system, a brain child of Holt Mackenzie was modified version of the Zamindari
settlement introduced in the Ganga valley, the North-West Province, parts of the Central
India and Punjab in 1822. Lord William Bentinck was to suggest radical changes in the
Mahalwari system by the guidance of Robert Martins Bird in 1833.
● Permanent settlement was introduced in 1793 by Lord Cornwallis.
● The first political murder of a European was committed in 1897, at Pune by the Chapekar
brothers - Damodar and Balkishan. Their target was Mr. Rand, President of the Plague
Commission, but Lt. Ayerst was accidentally shot.
● Mangal Pandey revolted in Barrackpore, near Calcutta.
● Prayag Prashasti: It is a pillar inscription of Samudragupta found at Allahabad and written in
Sanskrit. It was composed by Harisena.
● Famous Eras:
o Vikram Era -58 BC
o Saka Era- 78 AD
o Gupta Era -320 AD
o Hijra Era - 622 AD
o Kollam Era - 825 AD
o Illahi Era -1583 AD