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ANSWERS & EXPLANATION

APTITUDE TEST–Test (3732) – 2022

1.(b)
From statement l:
M > N/K; O > J > M; L > K
On combining, we get:
O > J > M > N/K; and L > K (not sufficient)
From statement ll:
_ _ M _ _ _
Also, J > K (not sufficient)
From both of the statements, we get:
O>J>M_ _ _
Thus, O is the tallest among them.
Hence, option (b) is the correct answer.

2.(c)
Based on the statement, we can have these scenarios:
Case I:

Case II:

Conclusion-I: From both diagrams, we can conclude that “Some teddys are mouse” follows the given
statement. Hence, Conclusion-I follows.
Conclusion-II : From both diagrams, we can say that “Some rabbits may not be cushions” follows the
given statement. Hence, Conclusion-II also follows.
Hence, option (c) is the correct answer.
3.(b)
According to the question,
Aman > Farheen ≤ Chhaya = Daksh < Elina

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 Conclusion I: From the above inequality, it is clear that we can‟t compare ages of Aman and Elina. So,
Conclusion I doesn‟t follow.
Conclusion II: As per the above inequality, Farheen is younger than Elina. So, Conclusion II follows.
Thus, only conclusion II is true.
Hence, option (b) is the correct answer.

4.(c)
2 students in the group like two activities between books, games, sketch. Let us assume that one student
among them likes games and book, and the other likes games and sketches. (we can assume differently
too)
It can be represented by following Venn diagram:

Number of students who like to read books is 6.

So, number of students who like to read books only = 6 – 1 – 1 = 4
Number of students who like to play games is 15.
So, number of students who like to play games only = 15 – 1 – 1 – 1 = 12
Number of students who like to make sketches is 6.
So, number of students who like to make sketches only = 6 – 1 – 1 = 4
Total number of students = 12 + 4 + 4 + 1 + 1 + 1 = 23
Hence, option (c) is the correct answer.

5.(a)
Meerut is a district inside UP. However, Delhi is separate from them.
Hence, option (a) is the correct answer

6.(b)
From statement l we get:

So, from statement 1 alone we cannot find total number of persons between R and T.
Similarly, statement 2 alone is not sufficient.
From statements 1 and 2 together we get:

Therefore, both the statements together are sufficient to find the total number of persons between R and T.
Hence, option (b) is the correct answer.
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7.(c)
Total Persons = 100
Persons who like cricket = 62
Persons who like basketball = 48
Persons who do not like either cricket or basketball = 8
Total number of persons = Persons who like cricket + Persons who like basketball – Persons who like
both cricket and basketball + Persons who like neither cricket nor basketball
Or 100 = 62 + 48 – Persons who like both cricket and basketball + 8
Or 100 = 110 – Persons who like both cricket and basketball + 8
Or Persons who like both cricket and basketball = 118 – 100 = 18
Hence, option (c) is the correct answer.

8.(b)
Persons who like either cricket or basketball = Total students – Persons who do not like either cricket or
basketball = 100 – 8 = 92
Hence, option (b) is the correct answer.

9.(b)
Option (a) is incorrect. The passage does not mention anything about newer methods of Urban agriculture.
Therefore, this option is not the central idea of the passage.
Option (b) is correct. The lines “For all the bucolic if not romanticized portrayals of farming and a rural
lifestyle, it is a thankless, risky, and even back-breaking job, especially as undertaken by the masses,
which is subsistence agriculture… Younger generations do not want to follow their parents‟ footsteps,
which pushes urbanization.”. It reflects that agriculture needs incentivization. Hence, this best reflects the
central idea of the passage.
Option (c) is incorrect. The line “One bad yield, whether due to errant rains, pests, etc., and most farmers
have no buffer available”. This line does not present any specific cause for loss of yield. It just mentions
the consequences. Hence this is not the central idea of the passage.
Option (d) is incorrect. The lines “Younger generations do not want to follow their parents‟ footsteps,
which pushes urbanization”. These lines talk only about migration and not about job creation. So, this
statement is not the central idea of the passage. Also, the use of the word „must‟ makes it rather extreme.

10.(d)
Statement 1 is incorrect. The passage mentions that “Globally, compliance to environmental and social
norms pose a much bigger concern than the ones related to governance”, and it clearly reflects that
environmental and social norms compliance is a bigger concern than governance. Therefore, this option
cannot be the assumption in the given passage.
Statement 2 is incorrect. According to the passage, “Environmental and social norms are relatively easy
to comply with for Indian companies. Besides, there is no major negative ramifications for non-
compliance." It reflects the ramification of non-compliance in India and not in developed countries. So,
this assumption is also false.

11.(c)
Option (a) is incorrect. The passage mentions that “The impact of climate change and tariff wars on the
business, the need of having a purpose of business beyond profit as well as the future of employment in
wake of automation and gig economy are the concerns grappling businesses, especially in the developed
markets.”, it only focuses upon the challenges of developed countries. It does not mention anything
related to developing world. Even when developing countries like India are mentioned, the passage does
not strive to stress upon the differences in their concern areas. Therefore, this option cannot be the crux of
the passage.

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 Option (b) is incorrect. According to the passage, “The increased disclosures under the companies act
2013 including regulations related to whistleblower mechanism have made it hard for malpractices to
continue for long." This implies that complete elimination of malpractices has not been achieved.
Option (c) is correct. The lines “Besides, investors now have a low tolerance for any lapse on corporate
governance. Thanks to social media, their negative response is immediate and often amplified.”, reflect
that lapse in corporate governance is rarely tolerated and social media helps in amplifying the lapses. So,
this best reflects the crux of the passage.
Option (d) is incorrect. The line “Governance, till recently, was not a concern”. The given option
mentions that focus existed on governance since independence. So, this statement cannot be the crux of
the given passage.

12.(c)
Option (a) is incorrect. The passage nowhere mentions that nutritious food must be made affordable for
„all‟ of its citizens. Also, it may be a suggestion, but is not a corollary. So, this option is incorrect.
Option (b) is incorrect. The passage mentions drivers and factors responsible for unaffordability and that
implies the low standard of living of poor people. But the given statement does not mention the main
issue, i.e. unaffordability and a healthy diet. So, in comparison to option (c), this does not best reflect the
corollary of the passage.
Option (c) is correct. The passage mentions an unhealthy diet which lacks the nutrition required for the
body. The second sentence of the passage also mentions its impact on food security. So, this option is the
best corollary among the given options.
Option (d) is incorrect. Form of government has not been discussed in the passage. Also, it is more in the
nature of suggestion or implication, and not a corollary.

13.(b)
Assumption 1 is correct. The passage mentions, “It is my belief that nearly any invented quotation, played
with confidence, stands a good chance to deceive.” This implies an invented quote played or shared with
confidence, stands a good chance to deceive. So, this assumption is correct.
Assumption 2 is correct. The passage mentions, “As any person who likes to win arguments knows,
nothing quite settles a debate like a well-placed (preferably fake) quote from an authoritative source.” It
shows a person who wants or likes to win arguments can share a fake quote with an authoritative source to
settle the debate. So, this assumption is correct.
Assumption 3 is incorrect. The passage mentions, “To be fair, in the matter of fake quotes, the internet —
and social media, in particular— has only built upon something that has existed for as long as human
beings have been communicating.” This means that fake quotes is in existence since human beings have
been „communicating‟. Also, the arrival of human beings on this planet cannot be equated with his ability
to communicate. So, we do not know since when did human beings started communicating and that too in
the manner being talked about by the author (effective communication). So, this is an incorrect
assumption.

14.(d)
Let us take Pranav as P, Abhi as A, Bhavesh as B, Rakesh as R and Sahil as S.
According to the question:
P > A, B ≤ R < S, S > P
So, we get: B ≤ R < S > P > A
Conclusion I: P < R. Conclusion I doesn‟t follow.
Conclusion II: B > S. Conclusion II doesn‟t follow.
Thus, neither conclusion I nor II is true.
Hence, option (d) is the correct answer.

15.(d)
Number of students who play any two sports = 6 + 32 + 3 = 41
Hence, option (d) is the correct answer.
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16.(a)
From the given statement, we can draw the following Venn diagrams:
Case 1:

Case 2:

Conclusion I: From the given Venn diagrams it is clear that “bowls that are cups are not mugs” is true.
Conclusion II: From given Venn diagrams it is clear that “No bowl is a mug” may not be true.
Thus, we can say that only conclusion I follows.
Hence, option (a) is the correct answer.

17.(d)
India is a country; Ujjain is a city in India and Mahakaleshwar is the famous temple in Ujjain.
According to the given information, the possible Venn diagram is as follows:

Hence, option (d) is the correct answer.

Explanation for Question number 18 to 21:

Ages of these eight people in 2018 will be:
1972 – 46 years
1975 – 43 years
1980 – 38 years
1985 – 33 years
1987 – 31 years
1992 – 26 years
1997 – 21 years
2003 – 15 years
Q was born on 1997. So, his age must be 21 years old.
O is 5 years older than Q. So, age of O must be 21 + 5 = 26 years.
He was born in 1992.
The sum of the ages of S and P is equal to T. So, the age of T = 46 years and that of S and P will be either
31 or 15 years. So, we get 2 possible cases.

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 The difference in ages of S and M is less than 5 years. So, age of S cannot be 15 years. Hence age of S
must be 31 years and age of M must be 33 years. So, case 1 can be eliminated.
The difference in the ages of M and N is 10 years, and N is older than M. So, the age of N = 43 years, and
the age of M = 33 years.
Hence, the final arrangement is:

18.(d)
P is the youngest person.
Hence, option (d) is the correct answer.

19.(c)
O is 26 years old.
Hence, option (c) is the correct answer.
20.(a)
Sum of the ages of S and P = 31 + 15 = 46 years
Hence, option (a) is the correct answer.

21.(d)
M was born before 1987.
Hence, option (d) is the correct answer.
22.(d)
Let us take Vijay as V, Sharad as S, Yash as Y, Umang as U. Zehen as Z and Punit as P.
According to the question:
V≤S>Y≤U=Z>P
Conclusion I: Y < Z. According to question, this is not true as Y ≤ Z.
Conclusion II: Y = Z. According to question, this is not true as Y ≤ Z.
Yash either gets less or equal pay as Zehen. Thus, either conclusion I or II is true.
Hence, option (d) is the correct answer.
23.(b)
It is given that,
People who like only cabbage = 12
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 People who like only cauliflower = 15
People who like only capsicum = 13
People who like only carrot = 21
People who like both capsicum and cauliflower = 2
People who like both carrot and cabbage = 12
It can be represented by following Venn diagrams:

Number of people who like only one vegetable = 12 + 21 +15 + 13 = 61

Hence, option (b) is the correct answer.

24.(c)
Total number of people = 75
Number of people who do not like cabbage = 2 + 15 + 13 + 21 = 51
The percentage of people who do not like cabbage = (Number of people who do not like cabbage/Total
number of people) × 100 = (51/75) × 100 = 68%
Hence, option (c) is the correct answer.

25.(d)
People who like carrot = 21 + 12 = 33
People who like cauliflower = 15 + 2 = 17
Difference between the number of people who like carrot and cauliflower = 33 - 17 = 16
Hence, option (d) is the correct answer.

26.(b)
A # B, means A > B
A * B, means A < B
A % B, means A = B
A @ B, means A ≥ B
A © B, means A ≤ B
Given statement: T © U @ X # N
On decoding statement as per question, we get:
T≤U≥X>N
Conclusion I: T ≥ N. We can‟t compare T and N in the above statement. So, it is not true.
Conclusion II: N < U. It is true as (U ≥ X > N).
Thus, only conclusion II is true.
Hence, option (b) is the correct answer.

27.(c)
Given statement: L # M * N @ O © P
On decoding statement as per question, we get:
L>M<N≥O≤P
Conclusion I: L > N. It is not true, as L > M < N.
Conclusion II: O = L. It is also not true, as L > M < N ≥ O.

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 Thus, neither conclusion I nor II is true.
Hence, option (c) is the correct answer.

28.(d)
Assumption 1 is correct. The passage mentions, “Government investment must match up with the
challenge of educating the future.” This implies the government needs to increase funding in the
education sector to match with the challenges of the education sector. So, this assumption is correct.
Assumption 2 is incorrect. The passage mentions „to dealing with more students‟ implies there is an
increase in enrollment and that leads to more students. But the passage nowhere mentions the reason
behind it. So, this assumption is incorrect.

Assumption 3 is correct. The passage mentions, “From designing bridge courses that can help restore
children‟s skills and confidence”. This implies a need for bridge courses to improve children‟s learning.
Assumption 4 is correct. The passage mentions, “Educationists fear that the learning loss caused by the
pandemic might be inter-generational, with grave consequences for the economy and society.” This
implies that damage in the education sector can impact both society and the economy in future. So, the
socio-economic development of the nation will be impacted with an impact on the education sector today.
So, this assumption is correct.

29.(b)
Option (a) is incorrect. The passage nowhere mentions family. It mentions that home is where we find
peace and a connection between mind and soul. So, this is an incorrect option.
Option (b) is correct. The passage mentions, “So, many of us are so lost in the material that we are
unaware of the needs of our own mind and soul. We are so lost in the bodily and physical, that we could
be living lavishly, eating opulently, travelling like kings, and dressing like fashionistas and yet have
vacant, homeless eyes, broken hearts and restless minds.” This implies that we are running behind bodily
and physical needs, and not focusing on what our mind and soul needs for our inner peace. So, this option
best reflects the critical message of the passage.
Option (c) is close but incorrect. The passage nowhere mentions how many of us are able to establish this
connection. Also, the statement does not reflect the other main ideas of the passage, which option (b)
does. So, this option is incorrect.
Option (d) is incorrect. The first part of the statement is correct as the passage mentions that life is not all
about physical and bodily materials. The second part of the statement is incorrect as the passage mentions,
“We are so lost in the bodily and physical”. This implies that instead of taking care of bodily needs we
must focus on our inner peace, i.e. connection of mind and soul. So, this option is incorrect.

30.(d)
Option (a) is incorrect. The first sentence of the passage puts the onus of promoting mental health and
preventing mental disorders on the government. So, the first part of the option is correct. But the latter
half of the option mentions policies for socio-economic issues. The passage mentions socio-economic
issues but nowhere has it mentioned framing policies for its redressal. So, this is an incorrect option.
Option (b) is incorrect. The passage mentions socio-economic factors, children and adolescents, but it
nowhere mentions that only they are the sufferers. So, this is an incorrect option.
Option (c) is incorrect. The option is partially correct as it mentions socio-economic factors as the reason
for increasing mental disorders. But it does not reflect the best crux in comparison to option (d), as it does
not include the role of government, which is mentioned in the first sentence of the passage. So, this is an
incorrect option, as it is a supporting argument rather than the main point being made by the author.
Option (d) is correct. The passage mentions, “Responsibility for promoting mental health and preventing
mental disorders extends across all sectors and all government departments.” This implies that every
government department or institute must provide good mental health and prevent mental disorders. The
disadvantaged section is the one that is facing socio-economic issues. So, this option best reflects the crux
of the passage. So, this is the correct option.
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31.(b)
Statement 1 is correct. Floods comes under natural disasters, which is one of the factors mentioned in the
passage.
Statement 2 is correct. Terrorism comes under civil conflict and unrest which is one of the factors
mentioned in the passage.
Statement 3 is correct. Solitary confinement comes under violations of human rights which is one of the
factors mentioned in the passage.
Statement 4 is correct. Untouchability comes under discrimination based on caste which is one of the
factors mentioned in the passage.
Statement 5 is correct. Anti-Gay Act comes under violation of human rights which is one of the factors
mentioned in the passage.
Statement 6 is incorrect. Farm bill can be the reason for mental agony but it does not relate to any factor
mentioned in the passage as the reason for poor mental health. So, this is an incorrect option.

32.(a)
Option (a) is correct. The last sentence of the passage mentions, “Commodification leads to
commercialization, attracting private investment.” This can imply that the private sector is interested in
investing in the education sector. The first sentence of the passage mentions, “There has been a rapid
increase in student enrolment and diversity”. This implies that enrolment and diversity of students are
increasing. So, this option is the most logical assumption that can be made from the passage. So. this is
the correct option.
Option (b) is incorrect. The first part of the sentence is true as the passage mentions that knowledge is a
commodity. But it nowhere mentions that it has impacted learning badly or well. So, this is an incorrect
option.
Option (c) is incorrect. The instrument of mobility mentioned in the passage is education. It has nowhere
mentioned that families want education of their children necessarily in private schools or that better
mobility can be achieved only from private schools. So, this is an incorrect option.
Option (d) is incorrect. The passage mentions, “This was, till recently, a middle-class feature, but is now
seen across the class spectrum.” Earlier it was a middle-class feature but now all the classes of society
whether it is low or high, see education as an instrument of mobility. So, this is an incorrect option.

33.(c)
Statement 1 is incorrect. The passage nowhere mentions that learning has been improving or decreasing.
So, this is an incorrect option.
Statement2 is correct. The passage mentions there has been a rapid increase in diversity which implies
that the heterogeneity has increased. So, this option is correct.
Statement 3 is correct. The passage mentions there has been a rapid increase in enrolment, which implies
the admissions to schools have been increasing. So, this option is correct.
Statement 4 is incorrect. The passage nowhere mentions that the sex ratio or gender ratio has been
decreasing or increasing. So, this is an incorrect option.
Hence, option (c) is correct.

34.(b)
From the given statement, we can draw the following Venn diagrams:
Case 1:

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 Case 2:

Conclusion I: From above Venn diagrams, it is clear that “Some bangles are chains” does not follow the
statement.
Conclusion II: From above Venn diagrams, it is clear that “Some chains are rings” follows the statement.
Thus, we can say that only conclusion II follows.
Hence, option (b) is the correct answer.

35.(c)
From the given statement, we can draw the following Venn diagram:

Conclusion I: “Garden are not game” follows the statement.

Conclusion II: “All ground are garden” does not follow the statement.
Conclusion III: “Garden are game” does not follow the statement.
Conclusion IV: “No ground is game” follows the statement.
Thus, only conclusions I and IV follow.
Hence, option (c) is the correct answer.

36.(c)
Let us take Chirag as C, Bharat as B, Aditya as A, Dharmesh as D and Parag as P.
According to the question:
C=B≥A≤D=P
Conclusion I: C = A. This is not true, as C = B ≥ A.
Conclusion II: C < D. This is not true, as C = B ≥ A ≤ D.
Thus, neither conclusion I nor II is true.
Hence, option (c) is the correct answer.

37.(d)
From the given statement, we can draw the following Venn diagram:

Conclusions I: By looking at the diagram, we can conclude that “Some Flute are Music” does not follow.
Conclusions II: By looking at the diagram, we can conclude that “Some Guitar are Music” does not
follow.
Conclusions III: By looking at the diagram, we can conclude that “Some Flute are Lyrics” does not
follow.
Conclusions IV: By looking at the diagram, we can conclude that “Some Music are Flute” does not
follow.
So, we can say that none of the above conclusions follows.
Hence, option (d) is the correct answer.
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 Explanation for Questions 38 to 40:
Using the information given in the question, we get

Green and black are liked by P and T. So, the remaining colour yellow must be liked by Q.
Red, pink and grey is not liked by V. So, blue colour must be liked by V.
Red and pink are not liked by S. So, grey must be liked by S.
U does not like red. So, pink must be liked by U.
And the remaining colour red will be liked by R.
Hence, the final arrangement is as follows:

38.(d)
Thus, R likes red colour.
Hence, option (d) is correct.

39.(d)
U likes pink colour.
Hence, option (d) is correct.

40.(a)
U – blue is not correctly matched.
Hence, option (a) is correct.

41.(c)
Option (a) is incorrect. The passage mentions the desirability of the formalization of the economy. The
passage also mentions informalization and reduction of it. However, it also mentions that “The informal
sector will come back to life”. So, the option is incorrect.
Option (b) is incorrect. The passage revolves around informalization and its shrinkage. But the passage
also mentions that the formalization is also increasing. So, this is an incorrect option.
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 Option (c) is correct. The passage mentions formalization and informalization of the economy. The
passage also mentions a reduction in informalization and an increase in formalization. So, the passage
revolves around it. This is the correct option.
Option (d) is incorrect. The passage mentions a reduction in informalization during the pandemic, but it
does not specify the Covid-19 pandemic. So, this is at best our assumption and hence it is incorrect option,
beyond the scope of the passage. Even if we assume it to be so, passage nowhere seems to suggest that the
shrinkage of informal sector was “extreme”.

42.(c)
Option (a) is incorrect. The passage mentions the withdrawal of the southwest monsoon and the onset of
the northeast monsoon. But the passage does not mention cause and effect inter-relation between them.
Option (b) is incorrect. The passage only mentions the monsoon causing rainfall, but it does not mention
the volume of the rainfall. There is no comparison regarding it.
Option (c) is correct. The passage mentions the transition of weather from southwest monsoon to
northeast monsoon as reflected in the lines “October is considered a month for transition, during which
the southwest monsoon withdraws and gives way to the northeast monsoon that largely affects southern
peninsular India, mainly on the eastern side”
Option (d) is incorrect. The passage mentions western disturbance may cause snowfall in northern parts of
India. Hence this option is incorrect.

43.(c)
Assumption 1 is correct. The passage mentions, “Once they are big and rich, there is the clear and
present danger that they will be unaccountable.” The passage tells us that there is fear or danger that big
popular leaders will not be unaccountable. So, this assumption is correct.
Assumption 2 is correct. The passage mentions, “Just as we will not endure a king as ruler, we ought not
to endure a ruler who wants to be king. Many countries have term limits on their President or Prime
Minister because he/she could acquire absolute power.” This implies that we must limit the terms of the
President or Prime minister to avoid him/her acquiring absolute power. And in the previous sentence
passage mentions the king whom we do not want to become a ruler. So that means that the king holds
absolute power. So, this assumption is correct.

44.(a)
Option (a) is correct. The passage mentions, “So, when comedians use our depressing realities as
material, not everyone sees that truth is way funnier than fiction.” This implies our realities or actualities
are demoralizing and we need to change and shift from these realities. This option covers our struggle and
the passage wants to suggest we change these realities. Or at least develop a sense of humour regarding
the funny aspects of our reality. So, this is the most logical, rational and practical suggestion implied by
the passage. This is the correct option.
Option (b) is incorrect. The passage mentions that we are religious, rather than spiritual, and the
consequences of it like excessively focussing on kids‟ marriages and relatives‟ opinions. But it does not
suggest or indicates that we need to become spiritual. Also, the theme of the passage is around humour
and our struggles, and so this option is not the most logical, rational and practical suggestion, especially in
comparison to option (a). So, this option is incorrect.
Option (c) is close but incorrect. The passage mentions, “Indians are not known for their ability to laugh
at themselves.” This can imply that we need to laugh at ourselves and take things lightly. So, the option is
true, but it does not cover our struggle and is thus not the best suggestion in comparison to option (a),
which is more comprehensive. So, this is an incorrect option.
Option (d) is incorrect. The passage talks about our struggles but it nowhere mentions that we must move
away from those struggles. The passage also does not imply anywhere that moving away from struggles
will make us happy people. So, this is an incorrect option.

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45.(b)
From the given information, we can draw the following family tree diagram:

If T is a woman, then it must be the mother-in-law of Y.

Hence, option (b) is correct.
Explanation for Questions 46 and 47:
H and B are opposite to each other. F sits 2nd to the right of C. C is one of the immediate neighbour of G.
F is not an immediate neighbour of B. So, there will be 2 possibilities.

C is not an immediate neighbour of B. So, case I will be eliminated.

E sits 2nd to the right of D. Therefore, the final arrangement will be:

46.(d)
G sits 3rd to the left of F.
Hence, option (d) is correct.

47.(b)
C faces D.
Hence, option (b) is correct.

48.(d)
Based on the statement, we can have these scenarios:
Case I:

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 Case II:

By looking at the above diagrams, we can conclude that neither Conclusion-I nor Conclusion-II follows.
Hence, option (d) is the correct answer.

49.(a)
Based on the given statements, we can have these scenarios:
Case I:

Case II:

From above cases, it is clear that Conclusion-I, “All TV are Laptops” follows the statement. Thus, we can
conclude that, conclusion l follows.
And, Conclusion-II, “All Laptops are Mobiles” does not follow.
Hence, option (a) is the correct answer.

50.(b)
Based on the above statements, we can have the following scenario:

From the above Venn diagram, it is clear that both Conclusion II and Conclusion III follow.
Hence, option (b) is correct.

Explanation for Questions 51 to 53:

Four boxes are kept between box A and box R. Three boxes are kept between box A and box L. Box L is
not kept adjacent to box R. There are two boxes between box L and box G. The number of boxes is not
more than ten. So, the possible cases are:

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 Box S and D are not adjacent to box A, and box T is kept just above box D and just below box S. Also,
box T is kept above box R. Case 1 will be eliminated because box T can‟t be kept above box R here.
Final arrangement:

51.(d)
Thus, there are 10 boxes.
Hence, option (d) is correct.

52.(d)
Thus, there are 4 boxes kept between box R and box A.
Hence, option (d) is correct.

53.(c)
Except LG, in all other pairs boxes are kept adjacent to each other.
Hence, option (c) is correct.

54.(a)
Option (a) is correct. The passage mentions that “India‟s consumer demand is declining due to drop in
household incomes in the wake of major job losses in the wake of a raging pandemic that has forced
closures of factories and businesses”. It reflects that corona impacted supply as well as demand. So, it
best reflects the implied message in the given option.
Option (b) is incorrect. According to the passage, “India‟s consumer demand is declining due to drop in
household incomes in the wake of major job losses in the wake of a raging pandemic that has forced
closures of factories and businesses”. It reflects partial crux and not the complete crux like option (a). So,
this option is not the best-implied crux.
Option (c) is incorrect. No discussion on the role of the government and expansionary policy is there in
the passage. So, this option is beyond the scope of the passage.
Option (d) is incorrect. Only stagnated demand is mentioned as a real challenge, not stagflation.
Therefore, it is not the implied message.

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55.(d)
Statement 1 is incorrect. The passage mentions that “India‟s story on women empowerment is not
complete without focusing on grassroots initiatives adopted by the government and civil society
organizations. The Union and state governments have launched new schemes, policies, and programmes
to empower both urban and rural women”. This reflects that governments have a critical role in women
empowerment. Hence, this assumption is not correct.
Statement 2 is incorrect. According to the passage, the lines “While India has taken some measures on
human development, its global standing on gender equality remains low”. Hence, there is no direct
relationship between human development with women empowerment. So, the assumption in the statement
is not correct.

56.(b)
Option (a) is incorrect. The passage mentions that “The Union and state governments have launched new
schemes, policies, and programmes to empower both urban and rural women”. So, government is
focusing both on rural and urban women empowerment. Nowhere has the passage indicated that urban
women have to work for their empowerment on their own. Therefore, it is not the correct implied crux of
the passage.
Option (b) is correct. The lines “While India has taken some measures on human development, it's global
standing on gender equality remains low. In rural areas, especially in the Hindi heartland, gender
disparity is still significant”. The essence of the passage is about improving gender equality and ending
disparity. So, this best reflects the crux of the passage.
Option (c) is incorrect. According to the passage, “India‟s story on women empowerment is not complete
without focusing on grassroots initiatives adopted by the government and civil society organizations”.
There is limited discussion on grassroots initiatives of the government and no need for expansion is
discussed. Hence, it is not the best crux of the passage.
Option (d) is incorrect. This statement tries to make conclusions that cannot be established in the passage.
The line, “In rural areas, especially in the Hindi heartland, gender disparity is still significant”. This
does not mean that the south and north divide exists. So, the given option is beyond the scope of the
passage. Also, it cannot be the main point or the crux of the given passage. At most a peripheral point,
even if it‟s true.

57.(a)
Based on the given statement, we can have these scenarios:
Case: 1

Case: 2

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 Conclusion-I: By looking at the 2nd diagram, we can conclude that “Some roses are flowers” is false.
Hence, Conclusion I does not follow.
Conclusion-II: From both diagrams, we can say that “Some roses are lily”. Hence, Conclusion-II follows.
Conclusion III: By looking at the 2nd diagram, we can conclude that “Some sunflowers are flowers” is
false. Hence, Conclusion III does not follow.
Conclusion IV: From both diagrams, we can say that “All roses are flowers” is false. Hence, Conclusion
IV does not follow.
Thus, only conclusion II follows. Hence, option (a) is the correct answer.

58.(b)
From the given statement, we can draw the following Venn diagrams:

By looking at the diagram in case 3, we can say that Some Y are Z is a possibility.
Hence, option (b) is the correct answer.

59.(b)
The possible Venn diagrams for the given statement are shown below :
Case 1:

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 Case 2:

Case 3

Conclusion I follows in case 1 and case 3, but does not follow in case 2. Therefore, conclusion l does not
follow.
Conclusion II follows in all the three cases.
Therefore, only conclusion II is true.
Hence, option (b) is the correct answer.

60.(a)
Extractor and Trowel are two different tools which are represented by two non-connected circles enclosed
in a bigger circle that represents tool.
According to the given information, the possible Venn diagram is as follows:

Hence, option (a) is the correct answer.

61.(b)
From the given statement, we can draw the following Venn diagram:

Conclusion I: From the above diagram, we can conclude that “Some Men are Women” follows the
statement. Hence, Conclusion I follows.
Conclusion II: From the above diagram, we can conclude that “No Women are Boys” does not follow the
statement. Hence, Conclusion II does not follow.
Hence, option (b) is the correct answer.

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62.(c)
From the given statement, we can draw the following Venn diagrams:
Case 1:

Case 2:

Case 3:

Conclusion I: By looking at the diagrams, we can conclude that “Some L are not U” follows in all cases.
Conclusion II: By looking at the diagrams, we can conclude that “Some L are not R” follows in case 2 and
3 but does not follow in case 1.
Conclusion III: By looking at the diagrams, we can conclude that “All L are R” follows in case 1 only.
Conclusion IV: By looking at the diagrams, we can conclude that “No L is U” follows in cases 1 and 2
only.
So, we can say that conclusion I always follows. Hence, option (c) is the correct answer.
Explanation for Questions 63 to 65:
There are 3 boxes placed between R and T. R and T do not weigh 28 kg. Only 1 box is placed below 28
kg box. P is placed immediately above Q, and U is placed below P.
So, the possible arrangements will be:

Weight of P is more than Q and is an even number. So, weight of P will be 38 kg.
Weight of Q is a square number and less than P. So, Q‟s weight should be less than 49 kg. The perfect
square number below 49 kg is 25 kg. So, Q‟s weight will be 25 kg.
Weight of S and T is not the least. So, weight of Sand T can be 45 kg and 49 kg. Weight of T is more than
S. So, weight of T will be 49 kg and weight of S will be 45 kg. So, weight of R will be 10 kg.
49 kg box is not placed at the bottom. But in case 1, T is at the bottom. So, case 1 can be eliminated.
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 Final arrangement will be:

63.(c)
Box Q is of 25 kg weight.
Hence, option (c) is correct.

64.(c)
Weights of S, T and P boxes are greater than Q.
Hence, option (c) is correct.

65.(a)
Four boxes are placed below T.
Hence, option (a) is correct.

66.(c)
Mother and sister both are females and some sisters can also be mothers.
It can be represented by following Venn diagram:

67.(c)
Option (a) is incorrect. According to the passage, “Natural wetlands, such as riparian wetlands, reduce
the nutrient load of through-flowing water by removing nitrate and phosphorus from surface and
subsurface runoff ". This states that Wetlands help reduce nutrient load and are not the source of nutrients.
So, this option is not the crux of the passage.
Option (b) is incorrect. The passage has no reference to Wetland Rules and the need to change them.
Hence this option is beyond the scope of the passage. So, this is not the best-implied crux of the passage.
Option (c) is correct. The lines “From an economic perspective too, wetlands have been suggested as a
low-cost measure to reduce point and non-point pollution. Natural wetlands, such as riparian wetlands,
reduce the nutrient load of through-flowing water by removing nitrate and phosphorus from surface and
subsurface runoff”. The statement in option is the alternate expression of these lines in the passage.
Therefore, it best reflects the crux of the passage.
Option (d) is incorrect. The lines “These natural wetlands may degrade due to increase in pollution load
(leading to eutrophication) affecting wildlife habitat and its recreational use”. There is a reference to the
creation of wetlands, but only the negative impact of eutrophication is covered in these lines. Hence this
option is beyond the scope of the passage and is not correct.
68.(c)
Statement 1 is incorrect. The passage does not mention any relation of growth in GMOs to the future of
agriculture.
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 Statement 2 is incorrect. According to the passage “Although GMOs are in a lot of the foods we eat, most
of the GMO crops grown in the United States are used for animal food”. This does not mention anything
related to the processing or digestion of GM crops in animals. So, this statement is not correct.
Statement 3 is correct. The lines “Many GMO crops are used to make ingredients that humans eat such as
cornstarch, corn syrup, corn oil, soybean oil, canola oil, or granulated sugar. A few fresh fruits and
vegetables are available in GMO varieties, including potatoes, summer squash, apples, and papayas”.
These lines reflect that the statement given in the option is a logical inference. Hence, this statement is
correct.

69.(d)
Option (a) is incorrect. The passage concentrates only on the Arctic region and does not mention anything
about any other region. Therefore, this option is not the central idea of the passage.
Option (b) is incorrect. There is no mention of the role of climate organizations in arresting global
warming. Hence, this is not the central idea of the passage.
Option (c) is incorrect. The lines “Glaciers are melting and trickling into the sea. Sea ice is giving way to
open ocean”. This line relates glaciers melting and sea-level rise but only concerning the Arctic region.
However, the option talks about the cause at the global level. Hence this statement is beyond the scope of
the passage. Also, the focus of the passage is more on Arctic climate than on sea-level rise. So, this is not
the best central idea of the passage.
Option (d) is correct. The lines “As the Arctic warms and transforms, many of its most iconic, frozen
features are dissolving away”. This and overall passage centres around the severe impact global warming
is causing on the Arctic region and its ice. So, this best reflects the central idea of the passage.

70.(a)
Statement 1 is correct. The passage mentions that “…. and perhaps sanction the overtly partisan media
outlets that mislead otherwise good-natured people, then everyone will come to their senses and agree on
things because they are true because they reflect reality”. This reflects that media has a critical role to
play in a democracy. So, this statement is correct.
Statement 2 is incorrect. According to the passage, “But all sides seem to agree that there is a „truth‟ that
explains what makes someone a woman, or an institution racist, or a politician fascist, in a way that
compels acceptance from those who otherwise disagree”. It shows that there is „a truth‟, i.e. a single
version of truth. So, this statement is not a logical inference and is not correct.

71.(a)
Option (a) is correct. The lines “We are living in a „post-truth partisan news hellscape that prioritizes
„feelings over facts‟ and disregards the natural authority of the truth …. importance of science and
reason, and perhaps sanction the overtly partisan media outlets that mislead otherwise good-natured
people, then everyone will come to their senses and agree on things because they are true, because they
reflect reality”. This shows that truth is rational and it values facts over emotions. So, this implied
message is the correct answer.

Option (b) is incorrect. According to the passage, “We are living in a „post-truth partisan news hellscape
that prioritizes „feelings over facts‟ and disregards the natural authority of the truth”. The given option is
exactly opposite to the line in the passage. So, this option is not the best-implied suggestion.
Option (c) is incorrect. The lines “…, and perhaps sanction the overtly partisan media outlets that
mislead otherwise good-natured people, then everyone will come to their senses and agree on things
because they are true, because they reflect reality”. There is mention of partisan media, but there is no
relation made between it with the degradation of civil societies. So, this statement is not the best-implied
suggestion.
Option (d) is incorrect. No discussion of intelligent human society and its importance to democracies is
done in the passage. So, this statement is not the best-implied suggestion.

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72.(a)
Option (a) is correct. The lines “Historically, warfare and epidemics have ravaged human populations.
Oftentimes, these two phenomena have been intricately connected”. This reflects that they both are often
interrelated. So, this best reflects the crux of the passage.
Option (b) is incorrect. There is no discussion on the epidemiological history of diseases. So, to conclude
a necessary relation of wars with diseases, and to pinpoint war as the “most important cause” is not
correct. Hence, it is not the crux of the passage.
Option (c) is incorrect. The lines “Yet, even though warfare has often aided in the spread of disease, the
military has also done a great deal to curb disease spread”. It is not necessary that militaries can fight
any disease in the future. Also, it‟s merely a peripheral point. Therefore, this option is not the crux of the
passage.
Option (d) is incorrect. There is no discussion of any kind of biological warfare in the passage. So, this
statement is not the crux of the given passage.

73.(a)
Option (a) is correct. The passage mentions that “2.1 billion people in countries undergoing urbanization
have inaccessibility to clean drinking water because of pollution, poverty, and poor management of
resources…. To put into perspective, agriculture accounts for 70 per cent of the reduction of water
around the world, with 75 per cent of a given countries‟ water used for this purpose and depleted by
contamination.”. This information regarding stressed water resources and their impact on poverty,
urbanization, and industry best reflects the implied message in the given option.
Option (b) is incorrect. In the passage, there is no discussion on rainwater harvesting and micro-irrigation.
So, this option is beyond the scope of the passage.
Option (c) is incorrect. No role of the government has been discussed in the passage. So, this option is
beyond the scope of the passage.
Option (d) is incorrect. Global efforts have not been covered in the passage. So, this option is beyond the
scope of the passage. Therefore, it is not the implied message.

74.(a)
Let, B1 be the 1st rice bag and B2 be the 2nd rice bag.
Then, according to the question,
Range of B1, 0 ≤ B1(bag) ≤ 50
Range of B2, 30 ≤ B2(bag) ≤ 80
Minimum quantity that B1 can contain = 0 kg
And minimum quantity that B2 can contain = 30 kg
∴ Minimum quantity of rice in both the bags together = 0 + 30 kg = 30 kg
Thus, the minimum quantity of rice in both the bags together can never be less than 30 kg.
Hence, statement I is correct.
Maximum quantity that B1 can contain = 50 kg
And maximum quantity that B2 can contain = 80 kg
∴ Maximum quantity of rice in both the bags together = 50 kg + 80 kg = 130 kg
Thus, both rice bags together can‟t contain more than 130 kg.
Therefore, statement II is not correct.
Hence, option (a) is the correct answer.

75.(a)
Let us take Laxman as L, Mahendra as M, Virat as V, Ali as A, Karan as K and Nishant as N
According to the question:
L > M, M ≤ V = N, L = A < K
On combining the above inequalities, we get:
K>A=L>M≤V=N
Conclusion I: “Karan scored more than Mahendra” is true because K > A = L > M.
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 Conclusion II: “Virat scored less than or equal to Karan” is not true because we can‟t compare K and V in
K > A = L > M ≤ V.
Hence, option (a) is the correct answer.

76.(a)
Total students = 68
Students that did not participate in any game = 23
Number of students that participated = 68 - 23 = 45
Students that participated in both the games = 24
Number of students that participated in cricket only = 17
So, Number of students that participated in squash only = 45 – (17 + 24) = 45 – 41 = 4
Based on the above information, we can draw the following Venn diagram:

Hence, option (a) is the correct answer.

Explanation for Questions 77 to 79:

3 people sit between D and X, and 4 people sit between P and X . X sits fourth from one of the ends. So, P
will be to the left of X in case 1 and to the right of X in case 2.

P sits 3rd to the left of G, and at least 2 people sit between G and X. So, case 1 can be eliminated.
Also 6 people sit between D and F, and F does not sit at any of the ends. So, F will sit to the right of D
(since X is 4th from an end).

5 people sit between E and G. E will not be to the right of G, as there are at most 16 people. Hence in the
final arrangement there will be 1 people to the to the right of F, as F does not sit at the end.
Therefore the final arrangement is :

77.(b)
“X is fourth from the left end” is a correct statement.
Hence, option (b) is correct.

78.(a)
The total number of people in the arrangement is 16.
Hence, option (a) is correct.

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79.(b)
2 people sit between E and P.
Hence, option (b) is correct.

80.(c)
From the given statements, we can draw the following Venn diagram:

Conclusion I: “Some Kitchen are Walls” follows the statement.

Conclusion II: Also, “Some Kitchen are Halls” follows the statement (as shown in Venn-diagram).
Conclusion III: “Some Walls are Room” does not follow the statement.
Therefore, only conclusions I and II follow.
Hence, option (c) is the correct answer.

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