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5 Swydoverview
5 Swydoverview
P.C Members
AKILESH PANDEY V.BHANUPRAKASH RAO SOUMYAJIT MUKHERJEE ASHISH SINHA K.NARESH KUMAR SIVAPRASAD DALAL MAHENDRA KUMAR KACHHVAHA SATISH BEDEKAR NITIN KUMAR VERMA BINAY KUMAR SUMIT KUMAR CHANDRAVANSHI DHIRENDRA KUMAR AKILESH KUMAR VISWAKARMA
Prepared by K.Naresh kumar
400KV Switchyard
765KV Switchyard
200 MVA, 400/132 KV Inter Bus Transformer
Station Generation 5 Units (3x660+2x500) (2980MW) Power supply for Station Requirement
132KV Switchyard
FUTURE
RANCHI # 2
RANCHI # 1
RAIPUR # 2
RAIPUR # 1
FUTURE
LANCO
IBT#1
IBT#3
FUTURE
SIPAT-132KV SWITCHYARD
TO MUWP/H FROM IBT # 1 FROM IBT # 2 FROM IBT # 3 Line # 1 Line # 2
B/C
BUS-I BUS-II
MST # 1 TO ST # 5 TO ST # 4 TO ST # 3 TO ST # 2 TO ST # 1
MST # 2
BINA
RANCHI
ITARSI SEONI
A4 A2 A3
344KM
324KM
210KM
SIPAT
A1
150KM
Lanco
WARDHA
BHILAI
RAIPUR
Seoni-1& 2
765 Kv
Raipur 1,2 & 3 400 kv Ranchi 1 &2 Lanco Patadi Muph 1&2 400 Kv 400 Kv 132 Kv
Switchyard equipments
Switchyard consists of the following main equipments 1. Power transformers 2. Circuit breakers 3. Isolators 4. Earth switches 5. Bus bars 6. Lightning arrestors 7. Current transformers(C.Ts) 8. Capacitance voltage transformers(CVTs) 9. PLCC equipments ( Wave traps) 10. Protective Relays, metering equipments, control units.
Prepared by K.Naresh kumar
Auto T/f (3X1 single ph units) 2 winding t/f (3X1 single ph units) 2 winding t/f (3X1 single ph units) 3 winding T/f 3 winding T/f 2 winding t/f
24/765Kv, 3x 260 MVA 21/765Kv, 3x 260 MVA 132/11Kv, 90/45/45 MVA 132/11Kv, 80/40/40 MVA 132/11Kv,Prepared byMVA 16 K.Naresh kumar
Reactors at sipat
Bus reactor
765 Kv
80 MVAR
Line reactor
80 MVAR
Line Reactor
63 MVAR
Rated Voltage Rated Current Type of interrupter Number of breaks Closing Time Opening Time
Protection concepts
Protective relays and relaying systems constantly
electrical parameters such as Current, Voltage, Impedance frequency and phase angle.
After fault detection the relay operates & opens the circuit breaker thereby isolating the faulty part of the equipment
CT
RELAY
CB
Battery
Types of relays
Electromechanical type: operates on electro mechanical principles and has moving parts Static relays: contain no moving parts, uses static components such as diodes, transistors and level detectors. Digital relays: measured quantities are manipulated in analog form and subsequently converted into binary Voltages (square wave). logic circuits & microprocessors compare the Phase relationships of the square waves to make a trip decision. Numerical relays: Numerical relays are those in which the measured a.c quantities are sequentially sampled and converted into numeric data form. A microprocessor performs mathematical and /or logical operations on the data to make trip decisions.
Prepared by K.Naresh kumar
Numerical relays
Relay panel in control room
P742 module
A N T I
A L I A S F I L T E R
S A M P L E & H O L D C K T
MULTI PLEXER
ADC
MICRO PROCESSOR
ROM
RAM
E2 PROM
DIGITAL I/O
CB STATUS
OPTO ISOLATOR
COMMUNI CATION
AUX REALY
CB TRIP
Galvanic isolation module : Isolates the field inputs from the microprocessor through a transformer. Anti-alias filters : Filters out high frequency signals Sample & hold circuit : Holds the sampled data to provide time coincidence.
software
X
Restraining Zone
X
Restraining Zone
Operating Zone
Operating Zone
R R
Nondirectional relays
Time in Secs
LILO Protections
To Korba
400 KV Yard
Distance (KM)
Zone-1: 80% of line length ( t = 0 to 0.1 sec ) Zone-2: 100% of protected line length + 50% of adjacent shortest length line ( t = 0.4 sec) Zone-3: 100% of protected line length + adjacent longest length line ( t = 1.0 sec) Zone-4: 25% of zone -1 in reverse direction (t = 1.0 sec)
Optd Reset
Group - A
>
To LBB initiation of Main CB
Optd Main Protection-1 21M1 Multiphase Reset Faults, Zone 2,3 Faults Optd Main Protection-1 21M1 Over Reset Voltage Protection Stage 1&2 Optd Auto Reclose Lock out Reset 21M1 Main Protection 87T1 Tee Protection Optd Direct Trip Receive CH-1 Reset Optd Tie Breaker LBB Operated Reset 50Z Main LBB 4PU-A / PU-B
Optd Reset
Optd Reset
>
To TC2 of Main CB
To TC1 of Main CB
>
&
Optd Reset
>
Optd Main Protection-1 21M2 Multiphase Reset Faults, Zone 2,3 Faults Optd Main Protection-1 21M2 Over Reset Voltage Protection Stage 1&2 Optd Auto Reclose Lock out Reset 21M2 Main Protection 87T2 Tee Protection Optd Direct Trip Receive CH-2 Reset Optd Tie Breaker LBB Operated Reset 50Z Main LBB 4PU-A / PU-B
Optd Res et
Optd Reset
All protections same as 400 kv line and in addition 765 kv seoni lines have a compensated over voltage protection
Transformer Protections
HV CB
LV CB
Relay 50 & 51
50N2
REF (64R)
IBT/ICT protections
Transformer protection comprises of main and backup protections Main-protection: Differential Pressure relief valve trip Buchholz relay alarm and trip Differential Tee-1 Over flux protection Winding temperature alarm and trip
Prepared by K.Naresh kumar
IBT/ICT protections
Back-up protection: Pressure relief valve trip OLTC trip Oil temperature alarm and trip Directional Over current & Earth fault on HV & LV sides REF protection on both HV & LV sides. Differential Tee-2 protection.
ICT
PGCIL
MW
MVAr
MCh
MMain
MMain
NTPC
87T1 67
RYBN
87TT2 87TT1
64R 51N 67
RYBN
Busbar II
BUS II CVT
Same as for Bus IV CVT
To BCU 50
Outside scope
O/C Protn Operated (P122) OTI Trip signal PRV - 2 Operated REF Protn Operated (P122) Standby E/F Protn Operated LBB Initiation
IBT/ICT protections
Sl. No 1 2 3 4 5 6 Name of Protection Differential and Over flux protection Differential Tee-1 protection Directional Overcurrent & Earth fault on HV side REF protection Directional Overcurrent & Earth fault on LV side Differential Tee-2 protection Main Main Back up Back up Back up Back up Numerical relay used Micom P 633 Micom P 633 Micom P 127 Micom P 122 Micom P 127 Micom P 122
Bus-bar protection
Bus-bar is a conductor arrangement for connecting the various incoming and out going power sources / feeders A fault on bus bar is of serious concern as the fault currents involved are very high and may damage the associated equipments if not cleared immediately. During a Bus-fault Network may get unstable and result into cascade tripping and grid collapse
Prepared by K.Naresh kumar
Bus-bar protection
Bus-bar protection system primarily protects bus-bars and associated equipments of transmission or distribution network substations/switchyards from phase to phase or phase to earth faults Bus-bar protection operating speed should be very high for internal faults and it should not operate for external fault. MUST be very stable during normal operating conditions
Bus to be protected
External/Through Fault
Internal Fault
Bus-bar protection
Bus-bar protection is based on KCL Sum of incoming currents and out-going currents =0 during healthy condition Implemented by using biased differential protection Numerical relay based bus-bar protection is of two types 1. Centralized protection. 2.Decentralized type protection with PUs Decentralized protection has Peripheral units attached to each bay and a central unit for scheme logic, and has many zones.
Prepared by K.Naresh kumar
Central Unit
Peripheral Units
Programming Unit
optd Reset
B/B IN
&
>
Optd Reset
Remote end trip CH-1 Busbar protection Selection switch Remote end trip CH-2 M1 out M2 out B/B out Lock out relay operated (to PU 4A )
&
Lock out relay operated (to PU 4B ) DR triggering B/B protn optd
Lockout relay (LBB trip) 86A Lockout relay (LBB trip) 86B DR triggering (LBB trip)
Reset
Thank you