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    Python Modules

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    shivani m
    A Python module is a file containing Python code that can define functions, classes, and variables to be imported and used in other Python programs. Modules allow code reuse and separate program logic and functionality into different files. The document discusses how to define modules, load and import modules using the import and from-import statements, and provides examples of using the datetime and calendar modules.

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    Python Modules

    Uploaded by

    shivani m
    62 views4 pages
    A Python module is a file containing Python code that can define functions, classes, and variables to be imported and used in other Python programs. Modules allow code reuse and separate program logic and functionality into different files. The document discusses how to define modules, load and import modules using the import and from-import statements, and provides examples of using the datetime and calendar modules.

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    A Python module is a file containing Python code that can define functions, classes, and variables to be imported and used in other Python programs. Modules allow code reuse and separate program logic and functionality into different files. The document discusses how to define modules, load and import modules using the import and from-import statements, and provides examples of using the datetime and calendar modules.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    62 views4 pages

    Python Modules

    Uploaded by

    shivani m
    A Python module is a file containing Python code that can define functions, classes, and variables to be imported and used in other Python programs. Modules allow code reuse and separate program logic and functionality into different files. The document discusses how to define modules, load and import modules using the import and from-import statements, and provides examples of using the datetime and calendar modules.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 4

    Python Modules

    A python module can be defined as a python program file which contains a python code
    including python functions, class, or variables.
    Example
    Let's create the module named as file.py.

    #displayMsg prints a message to the name being passed.   
    def displayMsg(name)  
        print("Hi "+name);    
    Loading the module in our python code
    We need to load the module in our python code to use its functionality. Python provides two
    types of statements as defined below.
    The import statement
    The from-import statement
    The import statement
    The import statement is used to import all the functionality of one module into another. 
    import module1,module2,........ module n  

    Let's create the module named as file.py.

    #displayMsg prints a message to the name being passed.   
    def displayMsg(name)  
        print("Hi "+name);    
    ------------
    import file;  
    name = input("Enter the name?")  
    file.displayMsg(name)  

    Output:
    Enter the name?John
    Hi John
    Enter the name?John
    Hi John
    The from-import statement
    from < module-name> import <name 1>, <name 2>..,<name n>   
    calculation.py:
    #place the code in the calculation.py   
    def summation(a,b):  
        return a+b  
    def multiplication(a,b):  
        return a*b;  
    def divide(a,b):  
        return a/b;  
    Main.py:
    from calculation import summation    
    #it will import only the summation() from calculation.py  
    a = int(input("Enter the first number"))  
    b = int(input("Enter the second number"))  
    print("Sum = ",summation(a,b))
    Output:
    Enter the first number10
    Enter the second number20
    Sum = 30

    Python Exception
    An exception can be defined as an unusual condition in a program resulting in the interruption
    in the flow of the program.
    Whenever an exception occurs, the program stops the execution, and thus the further code is
    not executed. Therefore, an exception is the run-time errors that are unable to handle to Python
    script. An exception is a Python object that represents an error
    Python has many built-in exceptions that enable our program to run without interruption and
    give the output. These exceptions are given below:

    Common Exceptions
    Python provides the number of built-in exceptions, but here we are describing the common
    standard exceptions. A list of common exceptions that can be thrown from a standard Python
    program is given below.
    ZeroDivisionError: Occurs when a number is divided by zero.
    NameError: It occurs when a name is not found. It may be local or global.
    IndentationError: If incorrect indentation is given.
    IOError: It occurs when Input Output operation fails.
    EOFError: It occurs when the end of the file is reached, and yet operations are being performed.

    Syntax:

    try:    
        #block of code     
        
    except Exception1:    
        #block of code    
        
    except Exception2:    
        #block of code    
        
    #other code    
    Example 1
    try:  
        a = int(input("Enter a:"))    
        b = int(input("Enter b:"))    
        c = a/b  
    except:  
        print("Can't divide with zero")  
    Example 2
    try:    
        a = int(input("Enter a:"))    
        b = int(input("Enter b:"))    
        c = a/b  
        print("a/b = %d"%c)    
    # Using Exception with except statement. If we print(Exception) it will return exception class  
    except Exception:    
        print("can't divide by zero")    
        print(Exception)  
    else:    
        print("Hi I am else block")     
    Example
    try:    
        #this will throw an exception if the file doesn't exist.     
        fileptr = open("file.txt","r")    
    except IOError:    
        print("File not found")    
    else:    
        print("The file opened successfully")    
        fileptr.close()    

    Example
    try:    
        age = int(input("Enter the age:"))    
        if(age<18):    
            raise ValueError   
        else:    
            print("the age is valid")    
    except ValueError:    
        print("The age is not valid")    
    Example 3
    try:    
        a = int(input("Enter a:"))    
        b = int(input("Enter b:"))    
        if b is 0:    
            raise ArithmeticError  
        else:    
            print("a/b = ",a/b)    
    except ArithmeticError:    
        print("The value of b can't be 0")  

    The datetime Module


    import datetime  
    #returns the current datetime object     
    print(datetime.datetime.now())    
    The calendar module
    Python provides a calendar object that contains various methods to work with the calendars.
    import calendar;    
    cal = calendar.month(2020,3)    
    #printing the calendar of December 2018    
    print(cal)    
    Printing the calendar of whole year
    import calendar    
    #printing the calendar of the year 2019    
    s = calendar.prcal(2020)  

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