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    Mestrual Cycle

    Uploaded by

    Maria Elaiza Cortes
    The menstrual cycle involves the monthly ripening and release of a mature egg. It typically repeats every 28 days over four stages: (1) the endometrium thickens under rising estrogen levels, (2) ovulation occurs around day 14 when an egg bursts from its follicle, (3) if fertilization does not occur the corpus luteum shrinks and progesterone/estrogen drop causing menstruation, and (4) the cycle begins again with the endometrium rebuilding. Precise hormonal signals between the pituitary gland and ovaries regulate egg development and uterine lining changes each month.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Mestrual Cycle

    Uploaded by

    Maria Elaiza Cortes
    128 views16 pages
    The menstrual cycle involves the monthly ripening and release of a mature egg. It typically repeats every 28 days over four stages: (1) the endometrium thickens under rising estrogen levels, (2) ovulation occurs around day 14 when an egg bursts from its follicle, (3) if fertilization does not occur the corpus luteum shrinks and progesterone/estrogen drop causing menstruation, and (4) the cycle begins again with the endometrium rebuilding. Precise hormonal signals between the pituitary gland and ovaries regulate egg development and uterine lining changes each month.

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    Mestrual-cycle-PPT

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    The menstrual cycle involves the monthly ripening and release of a mature egg. It typically repeats every 28 days over four stages: (1) the endometrium thickens under rising estrogen levels, (2) ovulation occurs around day 14 when an egg bursts from its follicle, (3) if fertilization does not occur the corpus luteum shrinks and progesterone/estrogen drop causing menstruation, and (4) the cycle begins again with the endometrium rebuilding. Precise hormonal signals between the pituitary gland and ovaries regulate egg development and uterine lining changes each month.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    128 views16 pages

    Mestrual Cycle

    Uploaded by

    Maria Elaiza Cortes
    The menstrual cycle involves the monthly ripening and release of a mature egg. It typically repeats every 28 days over four stages: (1) the endometrium thickens under rising estrogen levels, (2) ovulation occurs around day 14 when an egg bursts from its follicle, (3) if fertilization does not occur the corpus luteum shrinks and progesterone/estrogen drop causing menstruation, and (4) the cycle begins again with the endometrium rebuilding. Precise hormonal signals between the pituitary gland and ovaries regulate egg development and uterine lining changes each month.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 16

    The Menstrual Cycle

    What is the menstrual cycle?


    ◼ The process in which females ripen or
    release one mature egg.
    ◼ The average menstrual cycle will repeat
    itself about every 28 days, but normal
    menstrual cycles can range from 21 to
    40 days.
    Changes in Pituitary
    Hormones Days 1-14:
    ◼ During the first half of the cycle (Days
    1-14) the pituitary produces FSH, which
    stimulates egg production.
    ◼ This hormone also triggers the release
    of estrogen from the ovaries.
    Changes in Pituitary
    Hormones Days 14-28:
    ◼ On the 14th day the pituitary begins
    releasing LH causing ovulation
    ◼ LH also directs the production of
    progesterone which maintains the
    growth of the endometrium.
    ◼ If the egg is not fertilized upon arrival
    in the uterus progesterone levels drop
    causing estrogen levels to drop leading
    to menstruation.
    Pituitary Hormones
    Changes in the Ovaries:
    Stage 3 - Ovulation Stage 2 - egg continues
    fully mature egg to ripen; follicle growth
    bursts out of follicle.

    Stage 1 - ovum
    begins to develop.
    Stage 4 - Egg enters fallopian tube follicle
    remains and forms the corpus luteum.
    Changes in the Ovaries:
    ◼ Stage 1 - An egg is beginning to mature
    within a cluster of cells called a follicle
    ◼ Stage 2 - Rapid follicle and egg growth
    ◼ Stage 3 - Ovulation occurs; fully mature egg
    bursts out of the follicle (fertile) empty
    follicle transforms into the corpus luteum
    ◼ Stage 4 - Egg travels through fallopian tube
    (7 days) if not fertilized upon arrival in uterus
    the corpus luteum shrinks triggering
    menstruation and ripening of new egg.
    Changes in Ovarian
    Hormones:
    ◼ Estrogen -gradually increases during days 1-
    14; signals body to thicken the lining of the
    uterus. Levels drop sharply after ovulation.
    ◼ Progesterone -Levels remain low during the
    first half of the cycle and then increase
    sharplyduring the second half of the cycle.
    Maintaining the growth of the endometrium
    lining.
    Changes in the Uterus:

    Stage 2 Day 5- 13
    Stage 1- Day 1-5 pre-ovulatory stage Stage 3 Day 14
    menstruation Ovulation

    Stage 4 Day 15-28


    post-ovulatory
    stage
    The uterine lining slowly
    thickens from day 5 through
    day 28
    Changes in the Uterus:
    ◼ Stage 1- Menstruation- Endometrium
    breaks down and blood, mucus, tissue,
    and the egg are shed through the
    vagina.
    ◼ Stage 2- Menstrual flow stops &
    endometrium begins to thicken.
    ◼ Stage 3- Endometrium continues to
    thicken.
    ◼ Stage 4- The endometrium is at it’s
    thickest point.
    Ovarian Hormones
    Days 1-14 Pituitary
    Gland

    Produces
    FSH
    Follicle Stimulating Hormone

    Triggers formation of the


    Follicle
    Within the ovary

    Produces
    Estrogen & Ovum

    Triggers uterine lining thickening


    Days 14 - 28 Pituitary
    Gland

    Produces
    LH
    Lutinizing Hormone

    Triggers Ovulation
    and the formation of the
    Corpus Lutium
    Within the ovary

    Produces
    Progesterone

    Continues uterine lining thickening

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