URDANETA CITY UNIVERSITY

San Vicente West, Urdaneta City

College of Criminal Justice Education

MARKSMANSHIP AND COMBAT SHOOTING

PRELIM COVERAGE
I. TERMS TO PONDER
Marksmanship
 It is defined as the skillful art of shooting and hitting the target at a given or known distance. All
marksmanship trainings that take place before live firing or range firing is called Preparatory
marksmanship or its equivalent terms in the different law enforcement agencies’ trainings. After learning all
the theories of marksmanship, Range or Live Firing must take place so that students/trainees will be able to
apply what they learned.
Firearm
 Includes rifles, muskets, carbines, shotguns, pistols, revolvers, and all other deadly weapons from which
bullets, balls, shots, shells or other missiles maybe discharged by means of gunpowder of other explosives.
Firearm also includes air rifles and air pistols not classified as toys under the provision of E.O o. 712 dated 28
July 1981.
 Is an instrument used for the propulsion of projectiles by means of the expansive force of gases coming from
a burnig gunpowder.
Ammunition
 Refers to a loaded shell for rifles, muskets, shotguns, revolvers and pistols from which a ball, bullet, shot,
shell or other missile may be fired by means of gunpowder or other explosives. Ammunition is also composed
of a bullet, cartridge case/shell/casing, primer and gunpowder.
*AMMO- is a shorthand way to say “ammunition”
FOUR BASIC GUN SAFETY RULES
- The four rules of guns safety provide an almost complete guide to prevent accident for all students/trainers. If
you are a gun owner, consider these very important. Everyone must be a responsible and safe gun
owner/holder. The PSBRC Module II on Police Tactical Responses (2013) identifies four rules of gun safety
with an acronym B.A.C.K
B – Be sure of your target and what is beyond.
o When you have made a decision to shoot, make sure you know where the bullet ends up. If you miss, the bullet
can hit an innocent bystander or go through a wall and hit someone behind. Know the identifying features of the
game you hunt. Make sure you have an adequate backstop—don’s shoot at a flat, hard surface or water.
A – Always aim every gun to a safe direction.
o Never let the muzzle of the gun point at anything you don’t intend to shoot. If a gun is fired accidentally, the
chances of harming anybody can be avoided, especially when it is pointed to a safe direction. Keep it pointed in a
safe direction at all times.
C – Consider every gun loaded.
o Every gun has a potential for danger. Accidents may happen by thinkig/presuming that the gun is not loaded. If
you always assume that a gun is loaded, you can avouid accidents to happen. It might be loaded, even if you
think it isn’t.
K – Keep your trigger finger out of the trigger.
o A gun will not fire unless the trigger is pressed. Do not touch the trigger until you have set your gun sights on
the target and you are ready to shoot. The trigger finger must stay on the side of the frame when not ready to
shoot. This is the best way to prevent an accidental discharge.

II. OTHER ESSENTIAL GUN SAFETY RULES

- The Gun Digest Book of Tactical Gear and PSBRC Module II on Police Tactical Responses provide other
essential gun safety rules:
1. Be sure treat the gun is safe to operate.
o A gun that has been nedlected or that is very old may not be safe to use. Some of the older gun manufactured
should not work a modern ammunition
2. If you dont know anything about the gun, seek the help of a knowledgeable person.
o If you are not familiar with the gun, ask the help from the owner. Almost every gun model operated differently
from the others.
3. Know how to use the gun safely.
o Dont pretend that you know what you are doing when shooting in the outdoor. It is always better to verify on
matters you dont know. Dont be afraid about looking less than macho by asking questions. If you make a
grievous mistake while handling the gun, junt imagine the injury it can cause on the people.
4. Use appropriate ammunition for the gun.
o It is not a justification that if ammunition fits the gun then it can be used as ammunition for firing. This may
cause damage to the gun and may lead to an accident to the shooter.
5. Carry only one caliber cartridge or shell at a time.
o This will reduce the possibility of using the wrong ammunition in your firearms.
6. Wear eye safety glasses and ear muffs/plugs.
o Always wear appropriate protective eyeglasses during firing. Safety glasses vary in designs. Clear glassses are
recommended. In order to avoid damage in the eardrum, every shooters is also required to use ear maps or ear
plugs.
7. Never take away the firearm from someone by pulling on the barrel.
o If the finger is on the trigger, pulling the barrel could discharge the gun and may injure you or other.
8. Never use drugs or drink alcohol before or during shooting.
o Alcohol and drugs impair one’s judgment, thus mistakes may happen.
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 9. Stor guns and ammunition not accessible to unauthorized people.
o Place of storage should be out of reach of children and other people that may use the gun in th other way
around. Make a proper storage area of your gun and ammunition to avoid loss and accidents.
10. Store guns and ammunition not accessible to unauthorized people.
o Place of storage should be out of reach of children and other people that may use the gun in the other way
around. Make a proper storage area of your gun and ammunition to avoid loss and accidents.
11. Store firearms and ammunition separately.
o Store ammunition where it cannot get too much moist or in an area which is nt excessively hot.
12. Always obey firing range rules and commands of a Range Safety Officer.
o When inside a firing range, it is mandatory to follow the rules and regulations and instructions of the range
officers to avoid accidental firing.
13. Never play with a firearms.
o This habit or actions would condition the mind of others specially minors who would regard gun safety as less
important. Dont make it as a habit of playing a gun even if it is unloaded.
14. Check your barrel and ammunition.
o Make sure the barrel and action are clear of obstructions, carry only the proper ammunition for your firearm.
15. Unload firearms when not in use.
o Leave actions open, and carry firearms in cases and unloaded to and from shooting area.
16. Don’t run, jump, or climb with a loaded firearm.
o Unload a firearm before you climb a fence or tree, or jump a ditch. Pull a firearm toward you by the butt, not
the muzzle.
III. RANGE SAFETY AND ETIQUETTE
- In addition to the four basic safety rules, there are other rules fir safety particularly while inside a firing range.
These safety rules involve safe gun handling and commong sense.
1. Make sure that your firearm is unloaded upon entering a firing range
2. The uncasing and casing of firearm must always take place at a safe area
3. The handling of ammunition in any safe ares is strictly prohibited.
4. Once holstered, the firearms may not, under any circumstances, be handled in any fashion outside the Safe
Area without the authorization of the Range Officer. It must always be unloaded, with the hammer down, and
no magazine inserted. If holstering of firearm is not allowed, the firearm shall remain in a case or a bag.
5. Eye and ear protection must be worn at all times while in the range whether shooting or not.
6. Observe the 180 degrees rule on safety. When allowed to handle the firearm, always point the muzzle of your
firearm downward. Never hold the firearm if there are people around.
7. In firing line with no barriers, the person to your right should always go first unless otherwise stated
8. Always announce that you are firing before you start shooting to caution the people
9. Load firearm only upon the command of the Range Officer
10. Obey all instructions/command of the Range Officer.
IV. SAFETY PROCEDURES AT THE FIRING RANGE
1. Treat all weapons s if they are loaded
2. Always check the firearm when receiving it or when you handed it over
3. Never play with the firearm at anytime
4. Never point your gun to any person wheter it is loaded or unloaded
5. Never leave the weapon unsupervised, whether it is loaded or unloaded
6. Unload your firearm before cleaning
7. Never place your finger on trigger unless you are ready to shoot
V. PRICIPLES OF MARKSMANSHIP
- There are seven ways to learn for a preparatory marksmanship and these are explained below.
1. Make use of a comfortable stance.
- The excellent of the stance is a major factor in creating conditons for maximum control. Every individual
processes a combination of individual characteristic that is peculiar to him/her alone.
MAIN REQUIREMENT OF STANCE
a. Equilibrium and stability.
o The greatest possible degree of equilibrium and stability in the body. Weapon system occurs when there is a
least possible strain on the shooter’s muscles
b. Head position.
o This would allow the efficient use of the eyes of the shooter throughout the sighting and aiming process. The
head should havee a natural tilt
c. Position of the feet.
o The feet should be about the width of the shoulders with toes pointed out slightly
d. Legs.
o These should be straight but not to tense with the knee joint semi-locked but relaxed.
e. Hips.
o These should be leveled in a natural position
f. Non-shooting arm.
o (for one-hand shooting only) the non-shooting arm should be relaxed and put at the chest.
g. Shooting arm.
o The arm should be extended with twist and the elbow locked without strain
h. Head and shoulder.
o These should be leveled and, no slouching with unnatural tilty to the head
i. Body weight.
o It should be on the toes and not on the heel. More weight must be at the forwarded foot.
2. Establish a steady position.
- This referst to the establishment of a position that allows the weapon to be held still while it is being fired.
THE ELEMENTS OF STEADY POSITION
a. Non-firing hand grip.
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 o Rifle hand grip rests on the heel of the hand in the form by the thumb and fingers. Grip is light rearward
pressure exerted.
b. Rifle-butt position.
o The butt of the stock is placed in the pocket of the firing shoulder. This will reduce the effect of recoil and
helps ensure a steady position.
c. Firing hand grip.
o The firing hand grasps the pistol/rifle grip so that it fits the V formed by the thumb and forefinger. The
forefinger is placed on the trigger so that the lay of the rifles is not disturbed when trigger is squeezed.
d. Firing elbow placement.
o The location of the firing elbow is important in providing balance. The firing elbow should be properly and
normally clipped to avoid extra when firing.
e. Non-firing elbow.
o Position firmly under the rifle to elbow for comfortable and stable position
f. Stock weld.
o This provides for a natural line of sight through the center of the rear sight aperture to the front sight post
and the target. The firer’s neck should be relaxed and cheek falls on the stock.

MIDTERM COVERAGE
VI. GENERAL STANCES
- In shooting positions, it is very important to know the comfort of every shooter. If someone accurately shoots
at a certain position, then one must use it. Here are two options of stances that one can use.
a. Weaver/Boxer/Aggresive stance.
o This is a shooting technique wherein one foot is at the rear while the other foot is in front. This was
developed in 1959 by pistol shooter and deputy sheriff Jack Weaver. However, the main principles of the
stance must still be applied (support foot rear at shoulder length with support foot a forty-five degrees while
support hand support the weight of the firearm.)

VII. FIRING POSITIONS FOR A HANDGUN

1. Face the target at 45-degree angle, assuming the proper stance for one-hand shooting. The shooter can vary
his/her angle to the target up to 90 degrees if this allows him/her better control.
2. Face the target squarely for two-handed position
3. Position your head so that you look at the taget with your eyes straight ahead
4. Raise your shooting arm until it is aligned with your target
5. Close your eyes, lower and raise your arm and relax
6. Open your eyes and check position. If the sight are aligned with the target, you have a good position.
7. If your arms settle to one side of the target, compensate by moving theh feet right or left if necessary. If your
arms settle high or low, compensate by closing or opening the distance between your feet.
VIII. FIRING POSITION FOR A RIFLE
a. Standing Position
- Is used during assault to engage surrise target when no other position can be used. In an actual
marksmanship firing, this position involves fundamental position. The legs are in normal paces, body is little
forwarded, are hands are forwarded with a handguns.
b. Kneeling Position
- The knees kneel in normal paces depedin on the comfortability of the firer. The student must apply the
principle of “hard-soft contacts.” The elbow (hard) must fall on knees (soft) to make the shooter comfortable.
c. Sitting Position
- Is suitable for grounds that slope gently upwar and when there are obstacles that hinder good target
acquisition. This included Cross legs position. The same principle applies in kneeling position
d. Prone Position
- Provides the most stable platform for engaging targets and presents a low silhouette and easily adapted with
the use of cover and support. There are different positions of prone, depending on the comfortability of the
shooter. Prone shooters may use available objects such as sacks containing fine sanfe back pack and othe
objects.
IX. HOW TO LOAD AND FIRE A PISTOL
1. Press button on the side of the hand grip to eject magazine;
2. Insert ammo one at a time, with the rounded sided forward, until magazine is full;
3. Re-insrt magazine by pushing upward into hand grip until you hear a clicking noise indicating that the
magazine has been locked in place;
4. Disengage the safety by pushing down the safety lever at the top rear of the gun;
5. Pull back slide on the top of the barrel to load bullet into the firing chamber;
6. Aim down the sight of the target;
7. Place pointing finger onto trigger when you’re sure you have a target and you are ready to shoot; and
8. Pull trigger once for each shot you fire.
X. MAIN COMPONENTS IN FIRING
A. Proper placement of aiming point.
- This refers to the precise alignment of the rifle/handgun sights with the target. The aiming points which are
commonly used are the six-o’clock hold, twelve-o’clock hold and center hold. There is proper aiming
when correct sight alignment and sight picture are established.
1. Sight Alignment
 Is the relationship between the rearsight and the eye. The front sight is centered in the rear sight notch and
the top of the blade is even with th top of the rear sight.

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 2.
Sight Picture
 Is also the relationship between the rear sight and the
front sights of the target with respect to the eye. This
differs from sight alignment only by adding the bull’s
eye or aiming point to the front sight blade.
Errors in sight alignment. The usual errors of firers
during sight alignment are the angular shift error and
parallel shift error. The improper position of the front
sight post is referred to as theangular shift error,
while parallel shift error is the improper placement of
the sight alignment on the aiming point.
B. Breath Control
- This is the second marksmanship fundamentals that refers to the control of breathing to help keep the rifle
steady. A complete respiratory cycle lasts for 4-5 seconds (inhaling and exhaling) and between each cycle.
There is a natural respiratory paus of 1-2 seconds. This pause can be extended up to 8-10 seconds without
any special labor and unpleasant sensation. It is during this pause between breaths that the shooter.
- The reason is that durin the respiratory pause, the breathing muscles are relaxed, thus, the shooter avoids
strain from the diaphragm. Also thinking of the need of the breath does not break his concentration. If the
holding of the breath is not sufficient to allow the shotter to fired within the required time, hold fire, release
the trigger and resume normal breathing and repeat that process.
C. Trigger Control
- This is the independent action of the forefinger on the trigger, pulling it straight to the rear with uniformly
increasing pressure until the weapon is fired.

Guidelines for proper trigger ontrol

a. The trigger finger’s location is where it falls naturally on the trigger
b. The slack or free play in the trigger is take up first
c. Apply pressure with the trigger fingers only
d. Trigger finger must be in an arch position to avoid contact with the side of the gun
Errors in Trigger control
a. Flinching
o Is the muscular tenson or reaction in anticipation of
the recoil. It includes the moving of the head,
closing if the eyes and moving of the shoulder to the
rear or their combination.
b. Jerking
o Is an attempt to make pistols fire at a certain instance
by rapidly applying pressure on the trigger.
c. Follow through
o Is the continued physical application of the fundamentals
after each round has been fired. The shooter must not
shift his/her position, move his/her head or bring down
the pistol for a few seconds.
d. Calling the shots.
o Is the prediction of the shots where the hits are on the target. This means “do what you are told” specially
during.
D. Proper grip.
- This provides the shoulder with maximum control of the weapon. The most important feature of the grip is
uniformity. To maintain a natural sight alignment, the shooter must hold the weapon firmly. He must be able
ti apply positive straight to the rear preassure on the trigger that will not disturb the sight alignment when the
hammer falls.

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 Methods of proper grip for handguns/rifles
a. Pick up the pistol/revolver with the non-shooting arm by the barrel end of the slide and keep muscle down
range. Rifle should be picked up through the handle by the non-shooting arm.
b. Spread the index finger and the thumb of the shooting hand apart to form a V with the thumb held slightly
lower that the index finger. Push the web or V of the shooting directly under the grip safety. Do not roll them.
c. Wrap the 3 lower fingers around the gun and should exert equal pressure, straight to the bottom of the V. The
heel of the shooting arm should be well up on the main spring housing.
d. The thumb should exert very little pressure to tighten the muscles. Controlling the thumb will cause some
tightening of the muscles.
e. Placement of the trigger finger should be where it falls naturally on the trigger. This is usually at the tip and
firs joint of the finger. Regardless of hand size and finger length, the shotter should always apply pressure
straight to the rear
f. The correct pressure on the grip is when the shooter can hold without tremble.
E. Firing Position
- This should be properly selected and felt according to the comfortability of the shooter.
XI. DISASSEMBLY AND ASSEMBLY OF PISTOL
A. Disassembling the Pistol
1. With the unloaded pistol, move safety to the “fire” position and manually move the hmmer to the cocked
position;
2. Push the slide slightly to the rear until the mark at the end of the slide is just above the mark on the frame;
3. While holding the pistol in that position, remove the slide catch lever by pushing the pin of the lever on the
opposite side of the frame;
4. Pull the slide from the frame;
5. Remove the recoil spring assembly from its housing under the barrel;
6. Remove the barrel from the slide
B. Assembling the Pistol
1. Insert the barrel into the slide to its innermost locked position;
2. Insert the recol spring assembly by manually pressing down towards the barrel, making it sure that it is
securely fit into the bottom lug of the barrel;
3. Make sure that the hammer is in cocked position;
4. Mount the slide on the frame and push it to the rear until the marks are in line, one above the other, then
insert the slide catch pin until it snaps into place;
5. Check correct pistol operation by cocking it; and
6. Check trigger and hammer operation and verify that safety is functioning properly safely.

FINAL COVERAGE
XII. INSPECTING THE PISTOL
o According to Agliam (2010), there are varied waus to check or inspect a pistol as shown in the following
tests:
1. Safety Lock Test
 Do not actiate the trigger until the weapon has been cleared
 With the pistol unloadd, cock the hamemr and press the safety upward into the safe. (Locked) position.
Before starting an inspection, be sure to clear the weapon. Grasp the grip as the grip safety is depressed the
squeeze the trigger tightly 3 or 4 times.
 If the hammer fails, let a gunsmit hand the problem.
2. Grip Safety Test
 With a pistol unloaded, cock the hammer, and without depressing the grip safety, point the pistol downward
and pull the trigger 3 or 4 times.
 If the hammer falls because the grip safety is depressed by its own weight, consult a gunsmith
3. Half-cock Position Test
 With the pistol unloaded, draw back the hammer until the sear engages the half-cock position, notch then
squeeze the trigger. If the hammer falls, see a gunsmith
 Draw the hammer back nearly to the full cock position. Do not squeeze the trigger, then let the thumb slip off
hammer. The hammer should fall only to the half cock notch.
4. Disconnector Test
-This test should be conducted only for the purpose of testing otherwise repetition of this procedure may cause
damage to the hammer and sear. This prevents the firing of more than one shot with each squeeze of the trigger.
-With pistol unloaded, cock the hammer, push the slide group 1 ¼ inch to the rear and hold in that position while
squeezing the trigger. Let slide group go forward, maintaining pressure on the trigger. If the hammer falls, see a
gunsmith.
-Apply pressure on the trigger and then pull it. The hammer should then fall. If the hammer does not fall, see a
gunsmith. Check for a faulty disconnector which would prevent the hammer from falling. The disconnector should
prevent the release of the hammer unless the slide group is in forward position.
XIII. MANNER OF CARRYING FIREARMS
1. The sidearm carried by a person in uniform shall be placed in a holster securely attached to the belt.
The exceptions:
a. Military pilots in flying uniforms
b. Crew of armored vehicle who may carry their firearm in shoulder holster
2. Uniformed personnel carrying firearm without holster is prohibited.
3. Law enforcement personnel in civilian clothes who are authorized to carry firearm outside residence shall ensure
that their firearm is concealed unless in actual use for a legitimate purpose.
4. The practice of flagrantly displaying a firearm by tucking it at the waist while in uniform or civilian clothes is
prohibited.
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5. Only the firearm specifically described in the permit shall be carried by the person named therein.
XIV. RAPID RELOADING
1. Place your hand (left or right depending whther you are right handed or left handed) on the next magazine in the
ammunition pouch to ensure that there is another magazine
2. Withdraw the magazine from the pouch while releasing the other magazine from the weapon. Let the replaced
magazine drop on the ground.
3. Insert the replacement magazine, guiding it well into the magazine by using your index finger.
4. Rekease the slide, if necessary
5. Pick up the dropped magazine if time allows. Pace it in your pocket, instead of the ammunition pouch so that it
will not be mixed with full magazines.
XV. TACTICAL RELOADING
1. Place your hand (left or right depending whether right handed or left handed) on the next magazine in the
ammunition pouch to ensure that there is another magazine. This is the same with item no. 1 under rapid
reloading.
2. Withdraw the magazine from the pouch
3. Drop the used magazine in the palm of the non-firing hand, which is the same hand holding the replacement
magazine.
4. Insert the replacement magazine, guiding it well by using your index finger
5. Release the slide, if necessary
6. Place the used magazine into your pocket to avoid mixing it with full magazines
XVI. ONE-HAN RELOADING
- This activity may be performed in two waysby either using tthe right or left hand of the shooter.
1. With the right hand
a. Using your thumb, push the magazine release button.
b. Switch on the thumb safety.
c. Place the weapon backwards into the holster. If this procedure a problem, place the weapon between
the calf and thigh to hold the weapon
d. Insert the replacement magazine
e. Withdraw the weapon from the holster
f. If the slide is forwarded, remove the safety, using your thumb, or push the slide release if the slide is
back
2. With the left hand
a. Using your middle finger, push the magazine release button.
b. Place the safety on with the thumb if the slide is forwarded. With the .45 caliber pistol, the thumb
must be switched to the lef side of the weapon.
c. Place the weapon backwards into the holster. If this procedure a problem, place the weapon between
the calf and thigh to hold the weapon.
d. Insert the replacement magazine
e. Remove the weapon from the holster
f. If the slide is forwarded, remove the safety, using your thumg, or push the slide release if the slide is
back.
XVII. DRAW FROM HOLSTER EXERCISE
- This is an exercise in preparation for the Draw and Basic Firing. In this drill, the student is at an aggressive
stance. His/her shoulders, neck, and arms are already locked in a ready position. The wrist of strong hand
feels the grip of the holstered pistol as reference for his quick draw. The instructor commands:
 Stand by
 Ready
 One. The strong hand and weak hands move together. The strong hands holds the grip of the pistol
while weak hand moves nearer in level to the last part of the right rib of the body. The palm of the
weak hand is open and prepared.
 Two. The student draws pistol and observes positive grip. The weak hand control the strong hand.
Both arms extend to aim at the target.
XVIII. ONE HAND SHOOTING EXERCISE
- The student observes the basic stance and locks in a body position. At a ready position, the instructor
commands the following:
 Stand by
 Ready
 Up
- As the student reacts in one count by drawing his/her pistol through his/her strong hand, the left hand locks
by resting on the breast while the cheek rests on the muscle for better sight alignment.
XIX. STRONG HAND TO WEAK HAND EXERCISE
- Almost all students/trainees consider their right hand to be stronger that their left hands. As such, it is the
right hand that is often times used in one-hand shooting.
- With a holster, this exercise must be done in counting. The instructor commands:
 Ready position
 On guard position
 Up
 Fire
- After which, pistol shall be transferred to the weak hand and do the same procedure.
XX. RIFLE EXERCISES
- The quick kill position serves as the on-guard position of Rifle drills and exercises. At a quick kill position every
student observes the aggressive stance. The following are emphasized:
 Lock. The elbows are clipped and not sticking out, the neck rests on the butt of the rifle. The muzzle
of the rifle is pointing to the ground in 45 degrees.
 Support grip. The elbows sticks to the body, whil the left hand is on the hand guard.

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  Sight. On targets ranging 10 meters or less, the rear sight of the rifle shoul be placed at a V shape
position and the student must concentrate on his front sight
 Trigger control. Observe slack and squeeze slowly.
XXI. NIGHT FIRING
- This exercise is for the students/trainees to be familiar with the fundamentals of night firing. The standard
distance of this exercise is 7 and 12 meters with four rounds each.
- At “on guard position,” the exercise starts at 12 meters distance target board. With flashlights, the
instructor lights the board and commands “ready, up” and simultaneously puts off the light. The
student/trainee fires double tap a goes back to “on guard position.”
XXII. STATIONARY FIRING, ON GUARD POSITION, SINGLE TAP AND DOUBLE TAP
o This position is done in a distance of 10 meters with four rounds for single tap and six rounds for double tap.
This exercies familiarizes the studets/trainees on stationary firing at on guard position using single tap and
double tap method. The head, shoulder and the neck should be locked and the chin is slightly protruding
outside. The student should be at aggressive stance. The left foot is slightly forwarded and the weigth should
be balanced and concentrated at the center of gravity. The instructor commands “standby, ready, up.”
XXIII. STATIONARY FIRING, DRAW AND FIRES
- This position is done in a 10-meter distance using four rounds for single tap and six rounds for double tap.
This exercise is aimed at familiarizing the students/trainees o the techniques of draw and fire with emphasis
on the use of roll, heel, sight, slack and squeeze.
- This exercise must be done through dry firing. It starts in Ready Position in which the head, shoulders, and
the neck must be in lock position; the chin is slightly protruding outside while the hands are in relax manner.
The aggresive stance is used and where both feet are pointed straight to the target board.
Steps:
1. The student draws pistol, assisted by his/her left hand.
2. In “on guard position,” proper gripping is emphasize, left hand controls the right hand and pistol, while the
right hand is relax probably at a zero strength
3. At this count, the student aims the pistol but he/she should perform the following exercises before doing a live
firing. The instructor commands:
 Roll. The weak hand applies pressure parallel to the slide of the pistol
 Heel. The right thumb should press the safety of the pistol
 Sight. The front sight must be alighned with the rear sight aimed at the target
 Slack. The application of a slight pressure to the trigger is needed before squeezing.
 Squeez. The studetns squeezes the trigger up to five times.
4. If the students performs well, the instructor may issue live ammunition for firing, four rounds for single tap
and six rounds for double tap.
XXIV. PRACTICAL METHODS OF DRAWING FIREARM
1. When wearing jacket. This is an activity that teaches students on proper drawing of firearms when the
possessor is wearing a jacket. The students holds on to the other side of the jacket while drwaing the pistol
from the holster.
2. When wearing shirt. With the student’s weak hand, he/she holds on to the shirt near the firearm and raises
it while the strong hand draws the firearm from the holster.
3. When firearm is holstered (Quick Draw). With the student’s strong hand, he/she unlock the holster and
draw the firearm straight up.

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