GOBIERNO DEL ESTADO DE GUERRERO

SECRETARIA DE EDUCACIÓN GUERRERO

SUBSECRETARÍA DE PLANEACION EDUCATIVA
DIRECCIÓN GENERAL DE CONTROL ESCOLAR Y FOMENTO EDUCATIVO
DIRECCIÓN DE CONTROL ESCOLAR
DEPARTAMENTO DE INCORPORACIÓN Y REVALIDACIÓN

INSTITUTO DE IDIOMAS Y COMPUTACION

MARYLAND

C.C.T. 12PBT0326X
DICTAMEN: SEG/00013/2001

ANIMALS

TECNICO PROFESIONAL EN INGLES

MARIA FERNANDA MUÑOZ HERNANDEZ

DIRECTORA GENERAL:
MARIA OTERO SOLIS

ENERO DE 2022
DEDICATION
This anthology is dedicated to my parents, my brother,
my grandmother because they´re always supporting
me, giving me some advices, loving me and believing
in me.
 Farm animals
Farm animals
Farm animals are animals that are kept for agricultural
purposes. This includes domesticated animals as
cows, chickens, goats and wild animals that are raised
in confinement. Animal that are farmed for a variety of
reasons. Most are raised to be killed.

Cows
There are about one billion in almost all the world
except for Antarctica, there are no cows in Antarctica,
could you imagine that? Their scientific name is (Bos
Taurus), cows are female, bulls are male and baby
cows are called calves.
The cow provides milk, cheese, butter, beef and some
daily products. Cows weights around 1870 pounds
(850 kg). They have 32 teeth, they live up to 25 years
(if you don’t kill it for their meat) the first cow in the
world appeared around 10, 500 years ago.
Something interesting about cows in United States is
that in 1850 every family owned least a cow. Cows are
very social, they like to spend time with their friends
and they usually have their best friend, they’re almost
like humans, they communicate with their friends
saying moo, Isn´t it fun?
Well, let’s talk about their diet they are herbivores, so
they only eat plants, they drink 35 gallons of water and
eat 50 pounds of food per day. They can walk up
stairs but they can´t walk down, they can run up to 35
miles per hour. They can identify a cow checking on
their spots because every cow has different spots just
like us with our finger prints. They love to eat and
 sleep, honestly I love it, but they spend 8 hours eating
and 8 hours sleeping.
There are some kinds of cow:
Black Angus: this one is the most common breed of
beef cattle in the U.S. there are more than 330,000
cows registered, they came to the U.S in the 19 th
century.

Charolaise: they’re white or creamy white. Their hair

coat is usually short in summer, but thickens and
lengthens in cold weather. They are heavier and
larger farmed than Black Angus.
Hereford: these kinds of cows are known for their
longevity, being docile, easy calvers, good milkers
good mothers. If you see a dark red to red yellow with
white face cow it is a Hereford cow.
Simmental: this cow is among the oldest and most
widely distributed of all breeds of cattle. They have a
large body frame, during calving season and have
excellent weight gaining potential
Red Angus: considered by breeders t be gentle
natured and easy cattle to work, this breed produces
a highly desired carcase with meat being of excellent
quality, this due to the intra muscular marbling.
They’re easy going.
Texas Longhorn: they’re known for its characteristic
horns, which can extend to over 1.8m tip to tip for
bulls, and for their diverse coloring, and can be mix of
color or any color, the most dominant are dark red
and white.
Gelbvieh: the Gelbvieh breed is red in color, with
strong skin pigmentation, and horned. The breed has
superior fertility, calving ease, mothering ability, and
growth rate of the calves.
Holstein: While the black and white cattle are the
most popular breed for dairy, Holsteins not used for
breeding stock or milk production are raised for their
value as beef cattle.
Limousin: The tremendous carcass traits of the breed
have attracted the full attention of the entire beef
industry. The golden-red breed are native to the
south central part of France in the regions of
Limousin and Marche.
Highlands: With long horns and a double coat,
Highlands require little in the way of shelter, feed
supplements, or expensive grains to achieve and
maintain good condition and fitness.
 Chickens
Chickens are all over the world they live every
continent except for Antarctica, like cows. Baby
chickens are called chicks, they’re born form eggs
and they take 21 days to hatch. Hens or Female
chickens will sit on their eggs to keep them warm
enough for the chicks to come out healthy. They were
domesticated around 8,000 years ago. Male chickens
are called roosters they’re often more colorful than
females.

Interesting facts about chickens.

1. There are over 25 billion chickens in the world.
2. Hens will also talk to their chicks while they’re
still in the egg.
3. Each chicken has their special meaning.
4. They can remember over 100 different people
or animal faces.
5. Chickens are the closest relative to the T-Rex.

Kinds of chickens
Aucana: The Araucana trait of laying blue or greenish
eggs persisted and now breeders are attempting to
standardize the physical makeup of the population
and gain them recognition as a breed. Some of the
Araucanas were rumpless and possessed some
interesting ear tufts. At some time in the future, these
fowls will likely be developed into an interesting breed
with both economic and ornamental attributes.
Brahma: Brahmas thrive best on dry, well-drained
soils and moist, cool climates. The feathering of their
shanks and toes is a negative where the ground is
damp and muddy. They also stand confinement
extremely well having calm and docile personalities. It
was popularly known as the least susceptible chicken
to cold and exposure.
Cochin: Cochin chickens are great eaters, and
indiscriminate in their preferences. This, combined
with their unmatched profuseness of feathering, make
them an ideal choice for colder climates and gives
them the ability to eat enough to produce both animal
heat and eggs during the heart of winter. Cochins are
noted for extremely gentle dispositions.
Leghorn: Leghorns are active chickens. They are
always willing to work, hunting and scratching, giving
no prejudice to flower beds or dunghill; if there is
scratching to be done, Leghorns are the chickens for
the job. On range they are splendid foragers and
small eaters. The breed is prolific, highly fertile, and
hardy. Leghorn chickens lay very large numbers of
white eggs.
New Hampshire red: They possess a deep, broad
body, grow feathers very rapidly, are prone to go
broody and make good mothers. Their color is a
medium to light red and often fades in the sunshine.
The comb is single and medium to large in size; in the
females it often lops over a bit. These medium sized
meat chickens have fair egg laying ability and are
competitive and aggressive.
Old English game: are very hardy, extremely active
and very noisy. The mature cocks should be dubbed
with a characteristic cut. This is in keeping with their
heritage. Old English hens usually show broodiness
but are so small and aggressive that they are not
always the best choice as mothers. Old English are
capable of considerable flight and may revert to a
feral state in some areas.
Orpington: Orpingtons are heavily but loosely
feathered. Their feathering allows them to endure cold
temperatures better than some other breeds. They
exist only in solid colors, are at home on free range or
in relatively confined situations, and are docile. Hens
exhibit broodiness and generally make good mothers.
Chicks are not very aggressive and are often the
underdogs when several breeds are brooded
together.
Rhode Island Red: The Rhode Island Red is perhaps
the world's best-known fowl. It is the most successful
dual-purpose bird, and remains an excellent farm
chicken. The Rhode Island Red is known for its
hardiness and its ability to handle marginal conditions
while still producing eggs. Most hens are peaceful
and can become broody except within the strains that
have been heavily selected for egg production.
Rhode Island white: The Rhode Island White is a
moderately-sized, completely white bird. They have
long, broad, and deep bodies which are carried
horizontally, giving them an oblong and brick-like
appearance overall. Their breasts are deep, full, and
well rounded. Their heads are fairly deep and are
inclined to be flat on top rather than round.
Wyandotte: are a good, medium-weight fowl for small
family flocks kept under rugged conditions. Their
attractive "curvy" shape, generally good disposition
and many attractive color patterns make them a good
choice for fanciers as well as farmers. Common faults
include narrow backs, undersized individuals and
relatively poor hatches.

Pigs
Pigs are also known as hogs or swine. Male pigs of
any age are called boars; female pigs are called
sows. Pigs are found and raised all over the world,
and provide valuable products to humans, including
pork, lard, leather, glue, fertilizer, and a variety of
medicines. Most pigs raised in the United States are
classified as meat-type pigs, as they produce more
lean meat than lard, a fat used in cooking.

Sows give birth to a litter of young called piglets.

They usually nurse the piglets for three to five weeks.
Piglets weaned off their mother’s milk are not called
piglets but are referred to as shoats.

Piglets weigh about 2.5 pounds (1.1 kilograms) at

birth, and usually double their weight in one week.
Fully grown, pigs can grow to between 300 and 700
pounds (140 and 300 kilograms), and sometimes
much more. Pigs have poor eyesight, but a great
sense of smell. The pig’s nostrils are on its leathery
snout, which is very sensitive to touch. The pig uses
the snout to search, or root, for food.

American Yorkshire Pig (As Known As English Large

White) A breed that originated in England. The
American Yorkshire is a good meat producer. Also
considered a bacon breed, Yorkshires produce a high
percentage of lean meat on the carcass and low
amount of backfat. The American Yorkshire was
improved over the years by introducing lines of
Yorkshire from Canada and Lines of English Large
White from England. The breed is also known for
farrowing large litters.
Berkshire Pig – Berkshire pigs are one of the oldest
heritage breeds of hogs. Originally from the Berk area
in England, the Berkshires are a popular choice for
meat production and possess an easy-going
personality. They have a 600-pound average market
weight is easily obtained with foraging. Berkshire pigs
are hardy and considered easy keepers. Because the
piglets are bold and curious, Quinn from Reformation
Acres does not recommend the breed. Her
experience with raising Berkshires was a test of
endurance as they did not gain as rapidly as expected
and had to over winter. Each homesteader will
experience different types of personalities, and growth
depending on the breeding program they were
obtained from, the pasture and pig food that is fed to
the animals and weather conditions.
Tamworth Pig – A smaller size than some others
mentioned here. Often referred to as one of the bacon
producing breeds due to the lean carcass and ability
to forage well. The Tamworth pig is considered as
threatened on the Livestock Conservancy listings.
The Tamworth pig originated in England. The color is
a range of red and anything light to dark is
acceptable. Spots are not desirable in the Tamworth.

Chester White Pig – Chester Whites are popular with

pig farmers for a couple of important reasons. They
make great mothers and they live long lives. The color
should be all white with only small spots of color
permissible. The ears on Chester White are not erect
but are not completely floppy like the Large Black
either. They are known for good mothering ability and
hardiness. Chester Whites are stocky built and have a
highly muscled carcass. This is considered a heritage
breed that was developed in Chester County
Pennsylvania.

Large Black Pig – The Large Black pig breed is

known for hardiness and adaptability. The Large
Black is a lean pig that does well foraging. The Large
Black pig has made a comeback with people
interested in raising pastured pork. At one time in
England, the Large Black was the most popular
breed. The popularity of the breed was due to the
delicious meat and bacon it produced from mostly
foraging. When choosing a Large Black pig you might
fall in love with the way the floppy ears fall down over
the eyes.

Duroc Pig – Originating in America, the Duroc is

known to be part of many of the crosses in
commercial pork production hogs. Durocs are a pretty
reddish-brown color and fairly agreeable in
temperament. Originally one of the larger breeds of
market hogs but now rating in the medium size range.
Most of our pigs are Duroc or Duroc Cross and we
have found them to be mostly pleasant as sows, with
good mothering tendencies. The piglets wean easily
and forage at an early age. The meat is tender, with a
great flavor from the vegetable, hay, and foraging
diet. Many of our pigs have Yorkshire cross in them,
adding to the good disposition and foraging ability.

Hampshire Pig – The Hampshire pig breed is one of

the earliest recorded breeds in America, bred in
Kentucky. Originally imported from Scotland and
England as the Old English Breed. The name was
changed to Hampshire along the way. They are black
with a white strip of belting around the shoulders and
body which can reach down the front legs. A smaller
leaner pig, the Hampshire has a large loin and lower
back fat amount than other breeds.

Hereford Pig Hereford pigs are another heritage

breed of hog. Often the choice of 4H participants
because they are a gentle, lean, good looking pig.
They are also easy to find in the USA, making it an
obvious choice for the homesteader. Katie Milhorn
from Livin, Lovin, Farmin says this when asked to
describe their Hereford pigs, “We raise heritage
Herefords. Their meat is incredibly delicious! They
run, play, and act like pigs instead of sitting at the
food trough all day. They’re ready to butcher right
about at 6 months of age, with a hanging weight of
about 180-200lb. You may get lower weights with
heritage hogs but the meat is far superior to that of
commercial swine.” Herefords as a breed are derived
from Duroc, Chester White and Poland China breeds
in the 1920s. By 1934, 100 pigs were entered into the
breed registry. the National Hereford Hog Registry.
Mature weight for Boars is 800 pounds and Sows at
600 pounds. Landrace Pig – The Landrace breed of
pig originates from Denmark. They are very long in
the body. Landrace pigs are all white and only small
black skin marks are permissible to register the pig.
The ears are sort of lopped and the head is
surrounded by some meaty jowls. In addition to their
large size and carcass weight, the breed is known for
having large litters. Many breeders use Landrace
sows to improve their pigs because of the great
mothering ability, heavy milk production, and large
piglet size. The Denmark background is rather
interesting. Denmark was at one time the chief
exporter of bacon. The Danish would not sell any
Landrace pigs to breeders because they didn’t want
to lose their status in the bacon industry. In the 1930’s
they released some breeding stock to America for
study purposes only with the understanding that these
herds not be used to build up the bacon industry here.
The imported pigs were to be used to build up new
breeds only. After the study, the American
government asked that the regulation on breeding
pure Landrace be lifted. The request was granted.
Breeding stock was imported from Sweden and
Norway and the American Landrace breed was
developed. Bacon for everyone!

Spotted Pig – The Spotted breed in America is

derived from the Gloucestershire Old Spot Pig from
England. They
were first
brought over in
the 1900s. It
wasn’t until a
recent
resurgence that
the American Spotted pig became more popular. The
royal family of England prefers this breed for its pork.
The color must be white with at least one black spot
to be registered. Spotted pigs mature weight is
between 500 and 600 pounds. Easily adapted to
pasture raising, the Spotted pig makes a good
homestead choice. The litter size is normally large
and the sows prove to be good mothers.

Sheep
 Bibliographies

https://bit.ly/2YzbvHb

https://on.natgeo.com/3ByvR1e

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https://bit.ly/3v0fjNk

https://bit.ly/2X0ffR3

https://bit.ly/3lq4TU2

https://bit.ly/3v9Wbwn

https://bit.ly/2YHSaTy