Name of Project: Soil Investigation For The Re-Development of Chennai Egmore Railway Station (Epc)

NAME OF PROJECT
SOIL INVESTIGATION FOR THE

RE-DEVELOPMENT OF CHENNAI EGMORE
RAILWAY STATION (EPC).
STRUCTURE
MLCP + COMMERCIAL BUILDING + OFFICE
(GI SIDE)
TO,
M/s. D.E.C INFRASTRUCTURE & PROJECTS PVT LTD,

OFFICE ADDRESS: DABLA SADAN2-1-434/1,
STREET NO. 4, NALLAKUNTA,
HYDERABAD, TELANGANA – 500 044.
SITE ADDRESS: EGMORE RAILWAY STATION
SUBMITTED BY,
GEO FOUNDATIONS & STRUCTURES PVT LTD,

DOOR NO. 54 / 722 & 723, ROSE LANE, ROAD,
KUMARANASAN JUNCTION,
ERNAKULAM, KERALA,INDIA
PROJECT No.: 1685/GI

Rev. No. Date Description Created by Verified by Approved by
A. SURESH KUMAR, DR. K. MUTHUKRISHNAIAH

NAMRITHA RAVI
R/03 10.02.2023 REPORT M. Tech - M. Tech., Ph.D.,
M.Sc (UK)
(Geotechnical)
Engineer General Manager Chief Consultant

CONTENTS
Page
No.
1 Introduction 1
2 Objective of Investigation 1
3 Scope of Work 1-2
4 Field Investigations- Geo-Technical Studies 2-3
5 Laboratory Investigation 3-4
6 Soil Profile 4
7 Ground Water Table 4
Recommendations for Suitable Type of

8 4-8
Foundations
9 Chemical Comp osition of Ground Water 8-9
Annexure 1 Sample Calculations 10-14
APPENDIXES
APPENDIX - I Bore Logs 15-21
APPENDIX - II Laboratory Test Results 22-24
APPENDIX - III Chemical Analysis of Ground Water 25
APPENDIX - IV Boreholes Location Drawing 26
APPENDIX - V Rock Core Photos 27
      
1
Project No: 1685/GI Soil Investigation for the Proposed (G+5 Floors) structure (MLCP,
Commercial Building & Office) at Egmore Railway Station, Chennai.
SOIL INVESTIGATION REPORT

(Multi-Level Car Parking, Commercial Building & Office)
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 The work of “Soil Investigation for the Re-development of Chennai Egmore Railway Station
(EPC)” was entrusted to M/s. Geo Foundations and Structures Pvt. Ltd., Kumaranasan
Junction, Ernakulam, Kerala, by M/s. D.E.C Infrastructure & Projects Pvt. Ltd, Nallakunta,
Hyderabad – 500 044.
1.2 The soil investigation (field investigation) works were carried out during (26th November to
03rd December 2022). This report summarizes the results of the soil investigation, and
presents recommendations for suitable type of foundations for the proposed Multi-Level
Car Parking, Commercial Building & Office (G+5 Floors) structure.
2.0 OBJECTIVE OF INVESTIGATION
2.1 The objective of soil investigation is to determine the nature and characteristics of sub-soil
below the ground level for the proposed Multi-Level Car Parking, Commercial Building &
Office (G+5 Floors) structure. The study includes identification of suitable type of foundations
and assessment of safe bearing capacities for the proposed Multi-Level Car Parking,
Commercial Building & Office (G+5 Floors) structure.
3.0 SCOPE OF WORK
The scope of work at this site comprises of the following:
3.1 Mobilization of Calyx drilling machine with all necessary equipments and personnel.
3.2 Boring of 3 bore holes (BH 1, BH 2 & BH 3) of 150 mm diameter with Calyx drilling
equipments through sand, silt, clay, weathered rock, jointed rock & up to 3 m in to the
hard strata (N>100) in bore hole no. BH 2 & 3 & up to 2 m in to the hard rock in bore hole
no. BH 1.
3.3 Conducting Standard Penetration Tests in the bore holes and collecting the disturbed but
representative soil samples, including packing and transportation to laboratory.
Geo Foundations & Structures Pvt. Ltd

2
3.4 To conduct the following laboratory tests on soil samples, which are applicable to the
type of soil to be tested.
(a) Grain size analysis
(b) Index properties on clayey and silty soil samples:
(i) Liquid limit
(ii) Plastic limit
(iii) Shrinkage limit
(c) Moisture content
(d) Dry and bulk density
(e) Specific Gravity
(f) Free Swell Index
(g) Triaxial / Direct Shear Test
(h) Unconfined Compressive Strength
(i) Chemical Analysis of Ground Water
3.5 Preparation and submission of detailed report of field and laboratory results with
recommendations for suitable type of foundations.
4.0 FIELD INVESTIGATIONS-GEO-TECHNICAL STUDIES
4.1 Boring rig, with all requisite equipments and accessories, were mobilized at the worksite.
A team of technical personnel with skilled laborers were also deputed.
4.2 Three bore holes (BH 1, BH 2 & BH 3) of 150 mm diameter were bored to a maximum depth up
to 24 m below the existing ground level (up to hard stratum). The bore holes were made as
per relevant Indian Standard IS: 1892: 2021.
4.3 Representative soil samples were collected at every change of strata or at about 1 m depth
intervals, up to 5 m, from the existing ground level, 1.5 m depth intervals, up to 17 m, 1 m
depth intervals, up to termination depth in BH 1. In BH 2, 1 m depth intervals, up to 5 m, from
the existing ground level, 1.5 m depth intervals, up to termination depth. In BH 3, 1 m depth
intervals, up to 5 m, from the existing ground level, 1.5 m depth intervals, up to termination

3
depth. The samples so collected were sealed and numbered with full particulars for
identification and sent to the laboratory for conducting the required tests.
4.4 Standard Penetration tests were conducted in the bore holes at 1 m depth intervals, up to 5
m, from the existing ground level, 1.5 m depth intervals, up to 17 m, 1 m depth intervals, up to
termination depth in BH 1. In BH 2, 1 m depth intervals, up to 5 m, from the existing ground
level, 1.5 m depth intervals, up to termination depth. In BH 3, 1 m depth intervals, up to 5 m,
from the existing ground level, 1.5 m depth intervals, up to termination depth, as per the
relevant Indian Standard, IS: 2131-1981(Reaffirmed 2021). In this test, a standard split spoon
sampler is driven into the ground at the required depth by means of standard hammer of 63.5
kgs weight, falling from a height of 75 cm. Number of blows for the first 15 cm is not taken into
consideration because of possible disturbances or presence of settled, suspended matters at
the bottom of the boreholes. The total number of blows for the next 30 cm depth of
penetration is considered as SPT „N‟ value as shown in Figure nos.1 to 3 (Appendix I).
5.0 LABORATORY INVESTIGATION
The following laboratory tests were conducted on the selected soil samples collected from the
bore holes:
(a) Grain size analysis
(b) Index properties on clayey and silty soil samples:
(i) Liquid limit
(ii) Plastic limit
(c) Natural Moisture content
(d) Specific Gravity
(e) Dry and bulk density
(f) Direct Shear Test
(g) Unconfined Compressive Strength
(h) Chemical Analysis of Ground Water
All the above laboratory tests were carried out as per relevant Indian Standards in NABL format.

4
All the soil samples were identified and classified as per relevant Indian Standard, IS: 1498-
1970(Reaffirmed 2021).The results are shown in Table Nos.1 to 3 (Appendix II).
The results of the chemical analysis of ground water are presented in Table No. 4 (Appendix III).
6.0 SOIL PROFILE
In borehole BH 1, Very stiff sandy clay of medium plasticity occurs from ground level up to 2 m,
followed by very stiff sandy clay of high plasticity up to 4 m, soft sandy clay of medium plasticity
up to 6.5 m, loose silty sand up to 8 m, medium dense silty sand up to 9.5 m, loose silty sand up
to 12.5 m, loose sand up to 14 m, medium dense sand up to 15.5 m, weathered rock up to
17 m, jointed rock up to 22 m, fractured hard rock up to 23 m, followed by hard rock up to
24 m, at which depth the bore hole was terminated.
In borehole BH 2, Medium dense silty sand occurs from ground level up to 4 m, followed by
medium dense clayey sand up to 5 m, medium dense gravelly clayey sand up to 6.5 m,
medium stiff sandy clay of medium plasticity up to 8 m, medium dense silty sand up to 12.5 m,
medium dense sand up to 15.5 m, followed by weathered rock up to 15.5 m, at which depth
the bore hole was terminated.
In borehole BH 3, Stiff sandy clay of medium plasticity occurs from ground level up to 3 m,
followed by loose silty sand up to 5 m, medium dense sand up to 6.5 m, medium dense silty
sand up to 9.5 m, medium dense sand up to 14 m, followed by weathered rock up to 17 m, at
which depth the bore hole was terminated.
7.0 GROUND WATER TABLE
Ground water level was met at a depth of 1.8 m from the existing ground level at the time of
investigation in all the boreholes, during continuous boring from 26.11.2022 to 03.12.2022.
8.0 RECOMMENDATIONS FOR SUITABLE TYPE OF FOUNDATIONS:
Bore holes were made for soil investigation to assess the nature and strength of the subsoil strata
for sustainability of the loads. The report consists of boreholes 1, 2 & 3 for the Multi-Level Car
Parking, Commercial Building & Office structures at GI side. This report gives the details of the
soil strata, suitable type of foundations and safe bearing capacity. Based on the subsoil

5
conditions described in Sl. No. 6, considering very low SPT N values varying from 2 to 9 at some
depths between 3 m to 12.5 m, from below existing ground. The following recommendations
are made for suitable type of foundations for the proposed Multi-Level Car Parking,
Commercial Building & Office (G+5 Floors) structure.
8.1 Alternative I: Pile Foundations:
8.1.1 Bored cast in situ concrete pile foundations are recommended.
8.1.2 The recommended safe load carrying capacity of bored cast in situ concrete piles are
considered as per IS 2911 (Part 1/Sec2): 2010 (Reaffirmed 2020)
8.1.3 The pile bore may be terminated at a depth of minimum five times diameter of the pile into
weathered rock (SPT>100).
8.1.4 To satisfy the above criterion, the pile length may be of the order of 19 m from the existing
ground level.
8.1.5 In terms of concrete used for the piles, to provide the required factor of safety of 2.5 for
stress in the pile concrete, as per the clients requirement, considering minimum M 40 Grade
of Concrete for design.
8.1.6 According to the structural strength of concrete determined for different pile diameters,
assuming 5 grades less to allow for underwater concreting, consider M 35 grade concrete
instead of M 40 grade concrete.
8.1.7 The recommended safe load carrying capacity of bored cast in situ concrete piles as per IS
2911 (Part 1/Sec2): 2010 (Reaffirmed 2020) for different pile diameters are presented in
Table A.

6
Table A
Approximate
Length of pile Recommended
Reference from G.L
Dia
Structure Borehole (m) Safe Vertical Safe Uplift
(mm)
No five times dia into Capacity Capacity
weathered rock (T) (T)
(SPT>100)
500 100 35
MLCP
(G+5
BH 1 19 600 150 45
Floors)
GI Side
750 225 55
8.1.8 R.C.C. BORED CAST IN SITU PILES
Safe capacity of RCC Bored cast-in-situ pile can be computed by using the formula given in
IS: 2911 (Part-1/Sec-2):2010 (Reaffirmed 2020)
Ultimate bearing capacity Qu of piles in Cohesionless soil:
I=n
Qu= Ap(0.5.D..N+PD.Nq) +∑K .PDi.tan .Asi
I=1
Where, Ap = Cross sectional area of pile toe in cm²
D= Stem dia. in cm
= Effective unit weight of soil at pile toe in kg /cm³
PD = Effective overburden pressure in kg / cm²
N and Nq = Bearing capacity factors depending upon the angle of internal
friction Ø at toe
i =n
∑ = Summation of N layers in which pile is installed i =1
K = Coefficient of earth pressure
PDi = Effective overburden pressure in kg /cm² for the ith layer where i varies
from 1 to n.
7
δ= Angle of wall friction between pile and soil in degrees (may be taken
equal to Ø)
Asi =Surface area of pile stem in cm² in the i th layer where i varies from 1 to n.
For cohesive soil:-
Safe capacity of pile = 1/f {AP. Nc. Cp+. C.AS)
Where,
Ap- c/s area of pile toe in cm²
Nc- bearing capacity factor
Cp- average cohesion at pile tip in kg/cm²
 - Reduction factor
C – average cohesion throughout the length of pile in kg/cm²
AS- Surface area of pile shaft in cm²
f - factor of safety.
8.2 Alternative II: Open Foundations
8.2.1 Open Foundations (individual column footings or combined footings if there are two or more
columns close to each other, or Strip Raft combining each row of columns, if each row of
columns are close to each other when compared to the distance or span between the rows
of columns, or raft foundation) are recommended.
8.2.2 Excavation shall be made up to the required depth below the existing ground level as given in
the Table B.
8.2.3 After thorough compaction of the bottom of excavation, PCC for the foundations can then be
laid at the depth below the ground level which existed at the time of soil investigation as given
in the Table B.
8.2.4 As per the client requirement, the recommended safe bearing capacities under the RCC
foundation are given in Table B. However, the width of any column footing or strip raft shall not
be less than 1 m.

8
Table B
Depth of Excavation for Recommended

Borehole No Foundation from EGL Safe Bearing Capacity
(m) (T/m2)
BH 1 2 5
BH 2 2 10
BH 3 2 6
8.2.5 At the time of excavation for foundations, if ground water table occurs within the
recommended depth of excavation, sumps may be made to an additional depth of 0.3 m at
one or more corners of the foundation pits for column footings/combined footings or at
desired locations along the periphery of excavation for strip raft/raft foundation, and the
water collected in the sumps may be bailed out. At the time of laying the PCC, the bottom of
excavation shall be relatively dry (not slushy). Dewatering shall be maintained until that part
of the concrete in the foundations, which comes below the ground water table level, sets.
9.0 CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GROUND WATER
The results of chemical analysis on the ground water samples collected from the boreholes,
presented in Appendix – III show that:
 Since the pH value is more than 6, the ground water, in terms of pH value, is suitable for
mixing concrete as per Clause 5.4.2 of Indian Standard: 456-2000, (Reaffirmed 2021), plain
and reinforced concrete – code of practice (Fourth Revision).
 The chloride content is less than the permissible upper limit of 500 mg/l. for use of ground
water for mixing in concrete for RCC, as per IS: 456-2000, (Reaffirmed 2021). Therefore, in
terms of chloride content in the ground water, the ground water is suitable for mixing
concrete for RCC.
 The sulphate content (expressed as SO3) is less than the permissible upper limit of 400 mg/l
for use of ground water for mixing in concrete, as per IS: 456-2000 (Reaffirmed 2021).

9
Therefore, in terms of sulphate content, the ground water is suitable for mixing concrete for
RCC. The sulphate content (expressed as SO3) is less than 300 mg/l which comes under Class
1 of “Requirements for concrete exposed to sulphate attack”, as per IS:456-2000
(Reaffirmed 2021), Table 4. For this Class, the requirements are: Ordinary Portland cement or
Portland slag cement or Portland pozzolana cement can be used with a minimum cement
content of 280 kg/ m3 of concrete and with a maximum water: cement ratio of 0.55”
Hence, the ground water is suitable for mixing concrete for Construction purpose.
10.0 The results given in this report are based on the results of the soil investigation carried out. In
actual execution, if any variation is found, the consultants may also be referred to.
APPROVED BY, For GEO FOUNDATIONS & STRUCTURES PVT.LTD.
Dr. K. Muthukrishnaiah BE (Hons), M.Tech., Ph.D., Anala Suresh Kumar, M.Tech (Geo technical),M.B.A(T.M)
(Professor & Head, Ocean Engineering Dept. IIT General Manager(Geo Technical)
Madras)(Rtd),
(Chief Consultant)

ANNEXURE – 1
SAMPLE
CALCULATIONS
Project No. : 1685/GI 10 Sample Calculation
GEO FOUNDATIONS & STRUCTURES PRIVATE LIMITED

Project No: 1685/GI
Project Name : Soil Investigation for the Proposed (G+5 Floors) Structure (Multi-Level Car Parking, Commercial
Building & Office) at Egmore Railway Station, Chennai.
DETERMINATION OF BEARING CAPACITY OF SHALLOW FOUNDATIONS

[Based On IS : 6403-1981, Clause 5.2.1] For C & ɸ Soils
Clayey Soil Sandy Soil

Qd = C Nc * sc * dc * ic + q (Nq-1) sq dq iq + 0.5 B g Ng sg dg ig W
Reference Borehole BH - 02
SBC Calculations:
Corrected SPT N Value is 15
Angle of internal friction from Fig.1 of IS 6403 with reference to SPT N value 29
Data and Calculations for Shallow Foundation
Foundation strata: Silty SAND
Width of foundation, m B 2.00

Thickness of overburden soil, m D 2.00
SPT value of the soil in the zone of influence N 15
Angle of Internal friction, Degrees f 29
Unit weight of over-burden soil, kN/Cu.m. gd 17.50
Length of foundation, m L 2.00
Shear strength of soil, kN/Sq.m. C 0.00
Bearing capacity factor Nc NC 28.26
Bearing capacity factor Nq Nq 16.85
Bearing capacity factor Ny Ng 20.10
Depth factor, dc dc 1.34
Depth factor, dq dq 1.17
Depth factor, dy dg 1.17
Shape Factor, sc sc 1.30
Shape Factor, sq sq 1.20
Shape Factor, sy sg 0.80
Inclination Factor, ic ic 1.00
Inclination Factor, iq iq 1.00
Inclinaton Factor, iy ig 1.00
Water Table Correction Factor, w W 0.50
Effective surcharge at the base of foundation, kN/Sq.m. q 15.00
Ultimate Bearing Capacity, UBC1, kN/Sq.m. C Nc * sc * dc * ic 0.00
Ultimate Bearing Capacity, UBC2, kN/sq.m. q (Nq-1) sq dq iq 333.78
Ultimate Bearing Capacity, UBC3, kN/Sq.m. 0.5 B ɤ Nɤ sɤ dɤ iɤ W 164.55
Ultimate Bearing Capacity, UBC, kN/Sq.m. (UBC 1+ UBC 2 + UBC 3) 498.33
Factor of Safety 3
Safe Bearing Capacity, kN/Sq.m. 166.11
Safe Bearing Capacity, t/Sq.m. 16.61
Note- The safe bearing capacity is considered to be least of the shear and settlement calculations.
Geo Foundations and Structures Pvt. Ltd.
Project No. : 1685/PI 11 Sample Calculations
GEO FOUNDATIONS & STRUCTURES PRIVATE LIMITED
Project No: 1685/GI
Soil Investigation for the Proposed (G+5 Floors) Structure (Multi-Level Car Parking, Commercial Building & Office) at Egmore
Project Name: :
Railway Station, Chennai.
CALCULATION OF SETTLEMENT AS PER IS: 8009- PART 1- FIG. 9
Foundation size : 2.0 m X 2.0 m
Foundation depth : 2.0 m from NGL
Average N value below the founding stratum & within the depth of pressure bulb, N = 15
Corrected Average N value below the founding & Mid of the pressure bulb = 15
The settlement in meter/ unit pressure, i.e., for 1kg/cm 2 or for 10t/m2 read from (From the graph- m is converted to mm
= 19.0 mm
Fig. 9 of IS: 8009- Part 1, corresponding to the average N value by multiplying it with 1000)
Correction factor for water = 0.5 = 38.0 mm
Depth factor = 0.73
(1 x 50 ) kg/cm2
Hence, the pressure corresponding to 50 mm settlement is given by =
38.0
= 1.32 kg/cm2
= 18.02 T/sq.m
Hence the Safe Bearing Capacity is = 18.0 T/sq.m
Note:
For averaging of corrected N value taken from Borelog is : 15
Reference Bore Hole No. : BH 02 Depth : 2.0 m
Width of footing 2.0 m From NGL
N = 15 @ 2.0 m
Note- The safe bearing capacity is considered to be least of the shear and settlement calculations.
Geo Foundations and Structures Pvt. Ltd.

GEO Foundations and Structures Pvt Ltd 12 PILE CAPACITY CALCULATIONS
Annexure 1
Soil Investigation for the Re-development of Chennai Egmore Railway Station (EPC)
Reference Borehole BH 1 No. of layers 8

Case I 0 500 mm dia
Annex B (Clauses 6.3.1.1 and 6.3.2) of( IS 2911 part1/section 2) :2010
The Ultimate load capacity (Qu) of piles,in KN,in granlar soils is given by the following formula:
Piles in Granular and cohesive Soils
n
Qu = A p ((C U N C )+(1/2 D ϒ N ϒ + P D N q )) +(( Ʃ i-1 Ki P Di tan δi)+ (α*cu)) Asi
The first term gives end-bearing resistance and the second term gives skin friction resistance. Where
Ap = Cross-sectional area of pile tip ,in m 2 ; P D = Effective overburden pressure at pile tip, in kN/m 2 ;
D =Diameter of pile shaft, in m; Ʃni=1 =Summation for layers 1 to n in which pile is installed and which contribute
to positive skin friction;
ϒ= Effective unit weight of the sol at pile tip, in
kN/m 3 ; K i = Coefficient of earth pressure applicable for the ith layer;
N ϒ and Nq = Bearing capacity factors depending upon
the angle of internal friction, Ø at pile tip; P Di = Effective overburden pressure for the ith layer, in kN/m 2 ;
ᵟi = Angle of wall friction between pile and soil for the

ith layer;
A si = Surface area of pile shaft in the ith layer , in m 2 ;
Let
A p = Π/4 X D 2
2
0.1964 M
D= 0.5 M
ϒ'= 8 kN/m 3
Shearing angle (Degrees Ø= 39.0 at pile tip
Nq= 106.0
Nϒ = 97.134
PD = 76 k N/m 2
I Average Design Soil Profile
Layer Shearing
Layer Average Wall
Description of Layer From (m) To (m) Thickness angle Average Cohesion (kN/Sq.m.)
No. SPT Value Friction
(m) (Degrees)
1 Sandy CLAY 0.000 -2.000 2.00 16 0.0 80.0 0.0

2 Sandy CLAY -2.000 -4.000 2.00 21 0.0 105.0 0.0
3 Sandy CLAY -4.000 -6.500 2.50 3 0.0 15.0 0.0
4 Silty SAND -6.500 -12.500 6.00 9 28.0 0.0 28.0
5 SAND -12.500 -15.500 3.00 11 28.0 0.0 28.0
6 Weathered Rock -15.500 -16.500 1.00 100 39.0 0.0 39.0
7 Weathered Rock -16.500 -18.995 2.50 100 39.0 0.0 39.0
8 Weathered Rock -18.995 100 39.0 0.0 39.0
II Details of proposed piles Bored Cast in-situ piles

1 Diameter of pile d 500 mm Consistancy N value a
2 Sill Level -2.000 m Soft to very soft clay <4 0.7
3 Scour depth -2.000 m Medium soft 4 to 8 0.5
4 Area of cross section phi/4*(dia*dia) 0.1964 Sq.m. Stiff clay 8 to 15 0.4
5 Surface area/RM dia*phi 1.5714 Sq.m. Stiff to hard clay > 15 0.3
6 Pile termination level for GL -19.00 m
6 Length of resistance in layer no. 1 2.00 RM
11 Length of resistance in layer no.6 1.00 RM
13 Termination Depth of Pile from EGL//BL 19.00 RM
14 Total length of Pile Shaft 17.00 m
III Design Soil Data:
Layer Unit Shearing Wall Average
S.No. Layer No Thickness Ave. SPT Value weight angle Friction Cohesion
3
(m) (kN/m ) (Degrees) (Degrees) (kN/Sq.m.)
1 1 2.00 16 17.50 0 0.0 80.0

2 2 2.00 21 17.50 0 0.0 105.0
3 3 2.50 3 17.50 0 0.0 15.0
4 4 6.00 9 17.50 28 28.0 0.0
5 5 3.00 11 17.50 28 28.0 0.0
6 6 1.00 100 17.50 39 39.0 0.0
7 7 2.50 100 17.50 39 39.0 0.0
8 8 100 18.00 39 39.0 0.0
Note
:1 Inclination of Pile with respect to vertical is zero degrees
2 IS:2911 (Part I/Sec 2) - 2010 indicates taking of d (Angle of wall friction) = f, the same is considered.
3 Submerged Unit Weight of Soil Mass is considered in Capacity Calculations
IV Estimation of skin friction Resistance: V Estimation of End Bearing Resistance:

For Layer No. 1: Nc 9.00
Adhesive Factor 0.56 Ap (Sq.m.) 0.1964
Skin Friction due to cohesion, kN 140.80 Cp (kN/Sq.m.) 0.0
Over Burden Pressure, kN/Sq.m. 7.50 D (m) 0.50
Skin Friction Due to shearing angle, kN 0.00 g (kN/Cu.m.) 8
Shearing Angle 39
For Layer No. 2 Ng 97.134
Adhesive Factor 0.42 Pd (kN/Sq.m.) 142.4625 or
Skin Friction due to cohesion, kN 138.60 19 times dia of pile shaft 76
Over Burden Pressure, kN/Sq.m. 22.50 Nq 106.0
Skin Friction Due to shearing angle, kN 0.00 Part 1 (Due to Cohesion) 0 kN
Part 2 (Due to Shear) 1621 kN
For Layer No. 3 Total End bearing 1621 kN
Adhesive Factor 1.00
Skin Friction due to cohesion, kN 58.93
Over Burden Pressure, kN/Sq.m. 39.38
Skin Friction Due to shearing angle, kN 0.00
VI Estimation of Self Weight
For Layer No. 4: Length of Pile 17.00 m
Adhesive Factor 0.00 Cross Sectional Area 0.1964 Sq.m.
Skin Friction due to cohesion, kN 0.00 Density of Concrete 25 kN/Cu.m.
Over Burden Pressure, kN/Sq.m. 71.25 Sub-merged Density 15 kN/Cu.m.
Skin Friction Due to shearing angle, kN 357.36 Wt. Of Pile at tip 50.09 kN
For Layer No. 5

Skin Friction due to cohesion, kN 0.00
Skin Friction Due to shearing angle, kN 190.59
VII Estimation of Bearing Capacity of piles

For Layer No. 6:
Adhesive Factor 0.00 Ultimate Skin Friction Resistance, kN 1084
Skin Friction due to cohesion, kN 0.00 Ultimate End Bearing Resistance, kN 1621
Over Burden Pressure, kN/Sq.m. 76.00 Self Weight of Pile 50
Skin Friction Due to shearing angle, kN 96.77 Total Ultimate pile carrying capacity, kN 2704
Factor of safety 2.5
For Layer No. 7: Capacity of pile, T 103.2
Skin Friction due to cohesion, kN 0.00 `
Skin Friction Due to shearing angle, kN 241.43 Uplift Capacity,T 41.13
Ultimate Skin Friction resistance, kN Ʃni-1 Ki P Di tan ᵟi Asi
Ultimate Skin Friction resistance, kN 1084
APPENDIX-I
BORELOGS
15
Project No.: 1685 Soil Investigation for the Proposed (G+5 Floors) Structure (MLCP, Commercial
Building and Office) at Egmore Railway Station, Chennai.
Project : Soil Investigation for the Proposed (G+5 Floors) Structure (Multi-Level Car Parking, Commercial Building & Office) at
Egmore Railway Station, Chennai.
Bore Hole No : BH 1 Drilling Hole Record-BH 6
Location : MLCP, GI Side Fig No. 01
Type of Boring : Calyx Reduced Level : 3.323
Ground Water Level : 1.8 m from G.L on 01.12.2022 Start Date : 26.11.2022
GEO FOUNDATIONS & STRUCTURES PVT. LTD
UTM Co-ordinate : 419630.868 E, 1445623.948 N End Date : 30.11.2022
Termination Depth : 24.0 m
SPT"N" Blows/300mm
REDUCED LEVEL (m)
PENETRATION
GROUND LEVEL (m)
GROUND LEVEL (m)

SPT 'N' PROFILE
VALUES
DEPTH BELOW
DEPTH BELOW
SAMPLE TYPE
SOIL DESCRIPTION REMARKS
STRUCTURE
TEST DEPTH
R.Q.D(%)
COLOUR
LEGEND
TEST NO
C.R (%)
15cm
30cm
45cm
100
20
40
60
80
Very Stiff, Layered
Brown & Grey
Sandy CLAY
SPT-1 SS 1.00
(CI) 1.00-1.45 5 8 8 16
UDS-1 OT 1.50 1.50-1.95 - - - -

G.W.L
2.00 1.32
SPT-2 SS 2.00 2.00-2.45 6 9 11 20
Very Stiff, Layered
Brown
Sandy CLAY
SPT-3 SS 3.00
(CH) 3.00-3.45 5 10 11 21
4.00 -0.68
SPT-4 SS 4.00
4.00-4.45 1 1 1 2
Soft, Layered
Dark Grey
SPT-5 SS 5.00
Sandy CLAY 5.00-5.45 0 1 1 2
(CI)
6.50 -3.18
SPT-6 SS 6.50
6.50-6.95 4 4 5 9
Loose, Granular
8.00 -4.68
SPT-7 SS 8.00
8.00-8.45 5 6 7 13
Medium Dense,
Granular
Silty SAND
Grey
(SM)
9.50 -6.18
SPT-8 SS 9.50
9.50-9.95 3 4 3 7
Loose, Granular
SPT-9 SS 11.00
11.00-11.45 2 3 3 6
G.W.L: 1.8 m from G.L on

No of SPT: 13 Nos. No of UDS : 1 No. No of CR : 7 Nos. Remarks
01.12.2022
Note: SPT-Standard Peneration Test

SS-Split Spoon Sample UDS-Un Disturbed Sample CR-Core Recovery
OT- Open Tube CS-Core Sample RQD-Rock Quality Designation
16
SPT"N" Blows/300mm
REDUCED LEVEL (m)
PENETRATION
GROUND LEVEL (m)
GROUND LEVEL (m)

SPT 'N' PROFILE
VALUES
DEPTH BELOW
DEPTH BELOW
SAMPLE TYPE
STRUCTURE
TEST DEPTH
R.Q.D(%)
COLOUR
LEGEND
TEST NO
C.R (%)
15cm
30cm
45cm
100
20
40
60
80
Greyish, Loose, Silty SAND
(SM)
12.50 -9.18
SPT-10 SS 12.50
12.50-12.95 3 4 6 10
Loose, Granular
SAND 14.00 -10.68

Grey
SPT-11 SS 14.00
(SP) 14.00-14.45 4 4 8 12
Medium Dense,
Granular
15.50 -12.18
SPT-12 SS 15.50
15.50-15.62 >50 - - >100 50/12 cm
Peneration
Weathered Rock
17.00 -13.68 SPT-13 SS 17.00-17.00 >50 - - >100 Rebound

17.00
CR-1 CS 17.00-18.00 - - - -
CR-2 CS 18.00
18.00-19.00 - - - -
CR-3 CS 19.00
19.00-20.00 - - - - 4 4 cm Piece
Jointed Rock
CR-4 CS 20.00
20.00-21.00 - - - -
CR-5 CS 21.00
21.00-22.00 - - - -
22.00 -18.68
CR-6 CS 22.00
22.00-23.00 - - - - 13 13 1 Piece
Fractured Hard Rock
13 cm

01.12.2022

17
SPT"N" Blows/300mm
REDUCED LEVEL (m)
PENETRATION
GROUND LEVEL (m)
GROUND LEVEL (m)

SPT 'N' PROFILE
VALUES
DEPTH BELOW
DEPTH BELOW
SAMPLE TYPE
STRUCTURE
TEST DEPTH
R.Q.D(%)
COLOUR
LEGEND
TEST NO
C.R (%)
15cm
30cm
45cm
100
20
40
60
80
Fractured Hard Rock
23.00 -19.68
CR-7 CS 23.00
23.00-24.00 - - - - 45 45 2 Pieces
(25 + 20 cm)
Hard Rock
24.00 -20.68

01.12.2022

18
SPT"N" Blows/300mm
REDUCED LEVEL (m)
PENETRATION
GROUND LEVEL (m)
GROUND LEVEL (m)

SPT 'N' PROFILE
VALUES
DEPTH BELOW
DEPTH BELOW
SAMPLE TYPE
STRUCTURE
TEST DEPTH
R.Q.D(%)
COLOUR
LEGEND
TEST NO
C.R (%)
15cm
30cm
45cm
100
20
40
60
80
Loose, Granular
SPT-1 SS 1.00
1.00-1.45 2 3 4 7
G.W.L
2.00 2.47
Brown
Silty SAND
SPT-2 SS 2.00
(SM) 2.00-2.45 3 3 8 11
Medium Dense, Granular
UDS-1 OT 2.50 2.50-2.95 - - - -
SPT-3 SS 3.00 3.00-3.45 4 4 8 12
4.00 0.47
SPT-4 SS 4.00
4.00-4.45 5 7 8 15
Greyish, Medium Dense,
Clayey SAND
(SC)
5.00 -0.53
SPT-5 SS 5.00
5.00-5.45 3 5 7 12
Medium Dense,
Dark Grey
Granular
Gravelly
Clayey SAND
(SC)
6.50 -2.03
SPT-6 SS 6.50
6.50-6.95 2 3 3 6
Medium Stiff,
Dark Grey
Layered
Sandy CLAY
(CI)
8.00 -3.53
SPT-7 SS 8.00
8.00-8.45 3 4 5 9
Loose, Granular
Silty SAND 9.50 -5.03

Grey
SPT-8 SS 9.50
(SM) 9.50-9.95 4 4 7 11
Medium Dense,
Granular
11.00 -6.53
SPT-9 SS 11.00
Greyish, Loose, 11.00-11.45 6 5 4 9
Silty SAND (SM)

No of SPT: 14 Nos. No of UDS : 1 No. No of CR : Nil. Remarks
03.12.2022

19
SPT"N" Blows/300mm
REDUCED LEVEL (m)
PENETRATION
GROUND LEVEL (m)
GROUND LEVEL (m)

SPT 'N' PROFILE
VALUES
DEPTH BELOW
DEPTH BELOW
SAMPLE TYPE
STRUCTURE
TEST DEPTH
R.Q.D(%)
COLOUR
LEGEND
TEST NO
C.R (%)
15cm
30cm
45cm
100
20
40
60
80
Greyish, Loose,
Silty SAND
(SM)
12.50 -8.03
SPT-10 SS 12.50
12.50-12.95 8 11 18 29
Medium Dense,
Granular
SAND 14.00 -9.53

Grey
SPT-11 SS 14.00
(SP) 14.00-14.45 11 15 21 36
Dense, Granular
15.50 -11.03
SPT-12 SS 15.50
15.50-15.69 28 >50 - >100 50/04 cm
Peneration
SPT-13 SS 17.00
17.00-17.06 >50 - - >100 50/06 cm
Weathered Rock
Peneration
SPT-14 SS 18.50
18.50-18.50 >50 - - >100 Rebound
18.50 -14.03

03.12.2022

20
SPT"N" Blows/300mm
REDUCED LEVEL (m)
PENETRATION
GROUND LEVEL (m)
GROUND LEVEL (m)

SPT 'N' PROFILE
VALUES
DEPTH BELOW
DEPTH BELOW
SAMPLE TYPE
STRUCTURE
TEST DEPTH
R.Q.D(%)
COLOUR
LEGEND
TEST NO
C.R (%)
15cm
30cm
45cm
100
20
40
60
80
SPT-1 SS 1.00
Brown & Grey
Stiff, Layered
1.00-1.45 4 5 6 11
Sandy CLAY
(CI)
G.W.L
SPT-2 SS 2.00
2.00-2.45 3 6 8 14
UDS-1 OT 2.50 2.50-2.95 - - - -

3.00 1.75
SPT-3 SS 3.00 3.00-3.45 2 1 4 5
Brown &
Grey
Loose, Granular
Silty SAND
SPT-4 SS 4.00
(SM) 4.00-4.45 3 3 3 6
Dark Grey
5.00 -0.26
SPT-5 SS 5.00
5.00-5.45 6 7 8 15
Medium Dense,
Granular
SAND
Grey
(SP)
6.50 -1.76
SPT-6 SS 6.50
6.50-6.95 5 8 4 12
Dark Grey
Silty SAND
SPT-7 SS 8.00
(SM) 8.00-8.45 7 7 9 16
9.50 -4.76
SPT-8 SS 9.50
9.50-9.95 10 8 8 16
Dark Grey
SAND
(SP)
SPT-9 SS 11.00
11.00-11.45 9 9 12 21

04.12.2022

21
SPT"N" Blows/300mm
REDUCED LEVEL (m)
PENETRATION
GROUND LEVEL (m)
GROUND LEVEL (m)

SPT 'N' PROFILE
VALUES
DEPTH BELOW
DEPTH BELOW
SAMPLE TYPE
STRUCTURE
TEST DEPTH
R.Q.D(%)
COLOUR
LEGEND
TEST NO
C.R (%)
15cm
30cm
45cm
100
20
40
60
80
SPT-10 SS 12.50
SAND 12.50-12.95 12 10 9 19
Grey
(SP)
14.00 -9.26
SPT-11 SS 14.00
14.00-14.35 21 20 >50 >100 50/5cm
Penetration
SPT-12 SS 15.50
15.50-15.59 >50 - - >100 50/9cm
Weathered Rock
Penetration
SPT-13 SS 17.00
17.00-17.03 >50 - - >100 50/3cm
17.00 -12.26 Penetration

04.12.2022

APPENDIX – II
LABORATORY TEST RESULTS

22
Boring Start : 26.11.2022 Table No. 1
GEO FOUNDATIONS & STRUCTURES PVT LTD Boring End : 30.11.2022 Bore-Hole No. 1
Project : Soil Investigation for the Proposed (G+5 Floors) Structure
LABORATORY TEST (Multi-Level Car Parking, Commercial Building & Office) at Egmore Railway Station,
Chennai. Location Ground Water Level: 1.8 m
RESULTS
ULR-TC 539721000000372F MLCP, GI Side Termination Depth: 24.0 m

TC-5397
IS 2720(Part-3/sec1):1980
GRAIN SIZE ANALYSIS ATTERBERG LIMITS SHEAR PARAMETERS
Site Recorded N Value
IS 2720(Part5):1985 IS 2720(Part-5): 1985 IS 2720(Part-13):1986
IS 2720 (Part40):1977
DRY DENSITY, gm/cc
FREE SWELL INDEX, %

WET DENSITY, gm/cc
SHRINKAGE LIMIT, %
IS 2720(Part6): 1972
IS 2720 (Part2):1973
WATER CONTENT, %
IS. CLASSIFICATION
Corrected N Value
SPECIFIC GRAVITY
PLASTICITY INDEX
PLASTIC LIMIT,%
LIQUID LIMIT.%
SILT & CLAY %
TEST METHOD
Φ in degrees
C in Kg/cm²
DEPTH ( m )
GRAVEL, %
SAND, %
SAMPLE
SOIL DESCRIPTION
16 16 1.00 SPT-1 CI 3 30 67 36 25 11 34
- - 1.50 UDS-1 1.71 2.05 UCS 1.8
20 20 2.00 SPT-2 CH 0 19 81 51 28 23 34
Sandy CLAY
21 21 3.00 SPT-3 CH 5 15 80 52 26 26
2 2 4.00 SPT-4 CI 0 10 90 48 24 24 53
2 2 5.00 SPT-5 CI 0 13 87 43 23 20 44
9 10 6.50 SPT-6 SM 0 85 15 16
13 14 8.00 SPT-7 SM 0 85 15 19
Silty SAND
7 7 9.50 SPT-8 SM 0 90 10 22
6 6 11.00 SPT-9 SM 0 77 23 21
10 10 12.50 SPT-10 SP 1 95 4 17
SAND
12 12 14.00 SPT-11 SP 1 92 7 15
>100 >100 15.50-15.62 SPT-12 SP 1 97 2 16

Weathered Rock
>100 >100 17.00-17.00 SPT-13
- - 17.00-18.00 CR-1
- - 18.00-19.00 CR-2
- - 19.00-20.00 CR-3 Jointed Rock
- - 20.00-21.00 CR-4
- - 21.00-22.00 CR-5
- - 22.00-23.00 CR-6 Fractured Hard Rock
- - 23.00-24.00 CR-7 Hard Rock

NOTE: Type of Sample Test Method:
SPT- Standard Penetration Test UCS- UnConfined Compressive Strength
UDS- Un Disturbed Sample DS - Direct Shear
23
LABORATORY TEST (Multi-Level Car Parking, Commercial Building & Office) at Egmore Railway
Station, Chennai. Location Ground Water Level: 1.8 m
RESULTS

TC-5397

DRY DENSITY, gm/cc
IS 2720 (Part40):1977
WET DENSITY, gm/cc
FREE SWELL INDEX, %

SHRINKAGE LIMIT, %
WATER CONTENT, %
IS 2720(Part6): 1972
IS 2720 (Part2):1973
IS. CLASSIFICATION
Corrected N Value
SPECIFIC GRAVITY
PLASTICITY INDEX
PLASTIC LIMIT,%
LIQUID LIMIT.%
SILT & CLAY %
TEST METHOD
3/sec1):1980
Φ in degrees
IS 2720(Part-
C in Kg/cm²
DEPTH ( m )
GRAVEL, %
SAND, %
SAMPLE
SOIL DESCRIPTION
7 10 1.00 SPT-1 SM 5 83 12 23
11 15 2.00 SPT-2 SM 0 73 27 18
Silty SAND
- - 2.50 UDS-1 1.68 1.98 18 2.66 DS 30
12 15 3.00 SPT-3 SM 8 73 19 12
15 17 4.00 SPT-4 Clayey SAND SC 0 66 34 25
12 14 5.00 SPT-5 Gravelly Clayey SAND SC 22 42 36 38 20 18 30
6 6 6.50 SPT-6 Sandy CLAY CI 0 36 64 43 23 20 50
9 10 8.00 SPT-7 SM 0 82 18 19
11 11 9.50 SPT-8 Silty SAND SM 0 75 25 14
9 10 11.00 SPT-9 SM 0 71 29 15
29 22 12.50 SPT-10 SP 0 95 5 17
SAND
36 26 14.00 SPT-11 SP 0 95 5 18
>100 >100 15.50-15.69 SPT-12
>100 >100 17.00-17.06 SPT-13 Weathered Rock
>100 >100 18.50-18.50 SPT-14

24
LABORATORY TEST (Multi-Level Car Parking, Commercial Building & Office) at Egmore Railway
Location Ground Water Level: 1.8 m
RESULTS Station, Chennai.

TC-5397

IS 2720 (Part40):1977
DRY DENSITY, gm/cc
FREE SWELL INDEX, %

WET DENSITY, gm/cc
SHRINKAGE LIMIT, %
IS 2720(Part6): 1972
IS 2720 (Part2):1973
WATER CONTENT, %
IS. CLASSIFICATION
Corrected N Value
SPECIFIC GRAVITY
PLASTICITY INDEX
PLASTIC LIMIT,%
LIQUID LIMIT.%
SILT & CLAY %
TEST METHOD
3/sec1):1980
Φ in degrees
IS 2720(Part-
C in Kg/cm²
DEPTH ( m )
GRAVEL, %
SAND, %
SAMPLE
SOIL DESCRIPTION
11 11 1.00 SPT-1 CI 2 25 73 39 25 14 34
14 14 2.00 SPT-2 Sandy CLAY CI 0 27 73 43 20 23 44
- - 2.50 UDS-1 1.66 2.07 2.68 UCS 0.8
5 6 3.00 SPT-3 SM 1 74 25 20
Silty SAND
6 7 4.00 SPT-4 SM 0 78 22 19
15 18 5.00 SPT-5 SAND SP 0 96 4 17
12 14 6.50 SPT-6 SM 0 82 18 15
Silty SAND
16 16 8.00 SPT-7 SM 1 80 19 15
16 16 9.50 SPT-8 SP 0 98 2 19
21 18 11.00 SPT-9 SAND SP 0 98 2 20
19 17 12.50 SPT-10 SP 0 98 2 21
>100 >100 14.00-14.35 SPT-11 SP 0 97 3 19
>100 >100 15.50-15.59 SPT-12 Weathered Rock
>100 >100 17.00-17.03 SPT-13

APPENDIX-III
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS
OF GROUND WATER
APPENDIX-IV
BOREHOLES LOCATION
DRAWING
25
Project No.: 1685 Soil Investigation for the Proposed (G+1 Floor) Structure
(Parcel Office) at Egmore Railway Station, Chennai.
GEO FOUNDATIONS & STRUCTURES PVT.LTD.
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF GROUND WATER
Project. No. : 1685
: Soil Investigation for the Proposed (G+1 Floor) Structure (Parcel Office) at Egmore
Name of Project
Railway Station, Chennai.
Ref. No. : SI/CHN/22/1685/01
Table No. 4
Sl. Limits for using the ground water for

Tests BH 1 BH 3
No. mixing concrete
1 Sulphate as SO3 mg/l 8 10 400 mg/l
I.2000 mg/l for Plain concrete

2 Chloride as Cl mg/l 120 100 II. 500 mg/l for reinforced concrete
3 pH @ 25⁰ C 7 7 6.0 Min
Geo Foundations and Structures Pvt.Ltd.

26
APPENDIX-V
ROCK CORE PHOTO

27
ROCK CORE PHOTO
MLCP GI SIDE – Borehole No 1

Name of Project: Soil Investigation For The Re-Development of Chennai Egmore Railway Station (Epc)

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NAME OF PROJECT

SOIL INVESTIGATION FOR THE

M/s. D.E.C INFRASTRUCTURE & PROJECTS PVT LTD,

GEO FOUNDATIONS & STRUCTURES PVT LTD,

PROJECT No.: 1685/GI

A. SURESH KUMAR, DR. K. MUTHUKRISHNAIAH

Engineer General Manager Chief Consultant

3 Scope of Work 1-2

4 Field Investigations- Geo-Technical Studies 2-3

5 Laboratory Investigation 3-4

7 Ground Water Table 4

Recommendations for Suitable Type of

9 Chemical Comp osition of Ground Water 8-9

Annexure 1 Sample Calculations 10-14

APPENDIX - I Bore Logs 15-21

APPENDIX - II Laboratory Test Results 22-24

APPENDIX - III Chemical Analysis of Ground Water 25

APPENDIX - IV Boreholes Location Drawing 26

APPENDIX - V Rock Core Photos 27

SOIL INVESTIGATION REPORT

Hyderabad – 500 044.

Car Parking, Commercial Building & Office (G+5 Floors) structure.

2.0 OBJECTIVE OF INVESTIGATION

Commercial Building & Office (G+5 Floors) structure.

3.0 SCOPE OF WORK

The scope of work at this site comprises of the following:

representative soil samples, including packing and transportation to laboratory.

Geo Foundations & Structures Pvt. Ltd

type of soil to be tested.

(a) Grain size analysis

(b) Index properties on clayey and silty soil samples:

(i) Liquid limit

(ii) Plastic limit

(iii) Shrinkage limit

(c) Moisture content

(d) Dry and bulk density

(e) Specific Gravity

(f) Free Swell Index

(g) Triaxial / Direct Shear Test

(h) Unconfined Compressive Strength

(i) Chemical Analysis of Ground Water

recommendations for suitable type of foundations.

4.0 FIELD INVESTIGATIONS-GEO-TECHNICAL STUDIES

A team of technical personnel with skilled laborers were also deputed.

per relevant Indian Standard IS: 1892: 2021.

intervals, up to 5 m, from the existing ground level, 1.5 m depth intervals, up to 17 m, 1 m

depth intervals, up to termination depth in BH 1. In BH 2, 1 m depth intervals, up to 5 m, from

Geo Foundations & Structures Pvt. Ltd

termination depth in BH 1. In BH 2, 1 m depth intervals, up to 5 m, from the existing ground

level, 1.5 m depth intervals, up to termination depth. In BH 3, 1 m depth intervals, up to 5 m,

consideration because of possible disturbances or presence of settled, suspended matters at

5.0 LABORATORY INVESTIGATION

(a) Grain size analysis

(b) Index properties on clayey and silty soil samples:

(i) Liquid limit

(ii) Plastic limit

(c) Natural Moisture content

(d) Specific Gravity

(e) Dry and bulk density