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    Endocrine System

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    1. The endocrine system is composed of glands that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream to regulate bodily functions like growth, metabolism and reproduction. 2. The structures of the endocrine system are called glands. 3. The secretions of the endocrine system are called hormones. 4. The major endocrine glands include the pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenals, pancreas, testes and ovaries. 5. Hormones bind to target cells that have receptor sites, which allows the endocrine system to communicate between distant parts of the body.

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    Endocrine System

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    142 views21 pages
    1. The endocrine system is composed of glands that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream to regulate bodily functions like growth, metabolism and reproduction. 2. The structures of the endocrine system are called glands. 3. The secretions of the endocrine system are called hormones. 4. The major endocrine glands include the pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenals, pancreas, testes and ovaries. 5. Hormones bind to target cells that have receptor sites, which allows the endocrine system to communicate between distant parts of the body.

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    Endocrine-System

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    1. The endocrine system is composed of glands that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream to regulate bodily functions like growth, metabolism and reproduction. 2. The structures of the endocrine system are called glands. 3. The secretions of the endocrine system are called hormones. 4. The major endocrine glands include the pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenals, pancreas, testes and ovaries. 5. Hormones bind to target cells that have receptor sites, which allows the endocrine system to communicate between distant parts of the body.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPSX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppsx, pdf, or txt
    142 views21 pages

    Endocrine System

    Uploaded by

    No Name
    1. The endocrine system is composed of glands that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream to regulate bodily functions like growth, metabolism and reproduction. 2. The structures of the endocrine system are called glands. 3. The secretions of the endocrine system are called hormones. 4. The major endocrine glands include the pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenals, pancreas, testes and ovaries. 5. Hormones bind to target cells that have receptor sites, which allows the endocrine system to communicate between distant parts of the body.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPSX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppsx, pdf, or txt
    of 21

    ENDOCRINE SYSTEM

    Unit 3
    Living Things and Their Environment
    Who am I?
    Endocrine
    System
    • comes from the Greek word
    “endo” meaning within and
    “krine” meaning to secrete
    • composed of glands that
    secrete different types of
    hormones which is essential
    in regulating growth,
    development, metabolism,
    and reproduction
    https://training.seer.cancer.gov/anatomy/endocrine/
    • Glands • Hormones
    - are organs which produce - are chemicals that are made by
    and release substances that specialized cells
    perform a specific function in the - it is released into the
    body. bloodstream to send a message to
    another part of the body
    - often referred to as a ‘chemical
    messengers’, provide an internal
    communication system between cells
    located in distant parts of the body
    https://www.yourhormones.info/glands/
    Two Major Types of Glands
    1. Exocrine Glands
    - have ducts that carry their secretory product to a surface
    - include the sweat, sebaceous, mammary glands, and
    digestive glands
    2. Endocrine Glands
    - do not have ducts to carry their product to a surface
    - include the pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, thymus, adrenal,
    pancreas, testes, and ovaries
    - the secretory products are called hormones and are secreted directly into
    the blood
    https://training.seer.cancer.gov/anatomy/endocrine/
    Two Major Types of Glands
    Function of the Endocrine System
    • The endocrine glands secrete
    chemicals known as hormones
    into the bloodstream, which
    carries them throughout the
    body. When a hormone in the
    blood reaches the target organ, it
    produces a notable effect.
    Hormones and Target Cells
    Hormone Action
    • The specific cells that respond
    to a given hormone have
    receptor sites for that hormone.
    • If a hormone fits the receptor
    site, then there will be an effect.
    • If a hormone and a receptor site
    do not match, then there is no
    reaction.

    https://training.seer.cancer.gov/anatomy/endocrine/hormones.html
    Major Endocrine Glands
    Gland Location Hormones Released Function
    Oxytocin,
    Pituitary Vasopressin, stimulates growth,
    Growth Hormone, and
    ACTH, controls the functions
    Prolactin, of other glands
    LH,
    FSH
    at the base of the brain

    Thyroid Thyroxin regulates body


    Calcitonin metabolism,
    and
    causes storage
    of calcium in bones

    below the voice box


    Major Endocrine Glands
    Gland Location Hormones Released Function

    Parathyroid Parathyromone controls the calcium


    levels in your body,
    and
    normalizes bone growth

    in the neck

    Thymus Thymosin enables the body


    to produce certain
    antibodies

    in front of the heart


    Major Endocrine Glands
    Gland Location Hormones Released Function

    Adrenal Adrenaline prepares the body


    for action,
    controls the heart rate
    and
    breathing in times
    of emergency
    on top of the kidneys

    Pancreas Insulin, Glucagon regulates blood


    sugar levels

    between the kidneys


    Major Endocrine Glands
    Gland Location Hormones Released Function

    Testes Androgen, control maturation


    Testosterone and
    male characteristics

    lower abdomen

    Ovaries Estrogen, influence female traits,


    Progesterone and support
    reproductive function

    lower abdomen
    Disorders of the Endocrine System

    Dwarfism
    • Causes:
    - caused by a hyposecretion
    of growth hormone from
    pituitary gland (growth
    hormone deficiency), genetic
    disorders

    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dwarfism
    Disorders of the Endocrine System
    Gigantism
    • Causes:
    - caused by a hypersecretion
    of growth hormone (GH)
    produced by the pituitary
    galnd.

    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gigantism
    Summary
    1. What is an Endocrine System?
    2. What are the structures of the Endocrine System called?
    3. What are the secretions of the Endocrine System called?
    4. What are the major endocrine glands of the body?
    5. How do the endocrine system work?
    Concept Check
    1. What is the secretion of the endocrine system called?
    a. hormones
    b. neurotransmitters
    2. How do you call the structures of the endocrine system?
    a. glands
    b. neurons
    3. Which type of glands secretes their products directly into the bloodstream?
    a. exocrine glands
    b. endocrine glands
    Concept Check
    4. What do you call the specific cells that respond to a given hormone?
    a. somatic cells
    b. target cells
    5. Which compares the relationship between hormones and target cells?
    a. lock and key
    b. bow and arrow
    6. Which gland releases growth hormones?
    a. parathyroid
    b. pituitary
    Concept Check
    7. What hormones is released by the pancreas which regulates blood sugar level?
    a. insulin
    b. oxytocin
    8. Which hormones is responsible to our body’s reaction in times of emergency?
    a. adrenalin
    b. vasopressin
    9. Which is condition is caused by a hypersecretion of growth hormones?
    a. dwarfism
    b. gigantism
    Concept Check
    10. Which condition leads to a deficiency in insulin?
    a. diabetes
    b. aneurysm
    1 1

    2, 3 2, 3

    4 4

    5 5

    6
    6
    8

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