Felix - Roxas First Architect in The Philippines
Felix - Roxas First Architect in The Philippines
Felix - Roxas First Architect in The Philippines
Background:
· He was trained in Europe in 1884 and spent his early career in England and
India. When he returned to the Philippines, he developed an affection for
Revivalist architecture.
· He studied and practice of Architectural Composition under Nicomedes de
Mendivil.
· He also studied Applied Mechanical Topography and Construction under Tomas
Ledo in the Escuela Preparatoria de Arquitectos y Yngenieros Civiles
Maestro de Obras, Felix Rojas rose to become the Arquitecto del Ayuntamiento
(City Architect)
According to Joel Rico, Rojas acquired his government position after his aunt wrote the
queen of Spain. The endorsement letter extolled his illustrious lineage, international
exposure, academic training at the Royal Academy of Fine Arts of San Fernando in
Madrid, and above all, his competence and dedication to practice architecture in his
native country.
Roxas proved more than qualified, designing public structures from watchtowers to
markets, from schools to hospitals to administrative buildings like customs houses and
tribunal courts. As head of public works, he also carried out civil works such as canals
(traffic in Manila at that time was at the Pasig River, not on land), as well as zoning
programs for the fire plagued districts of Manila.
1. Enriquez Mansion (1867) - The house served as the home of artist Rafael
Enriquez y Villanueva (1850-1937), the son of Spanish immigrants Antonio
Enriquez y Seguera and Ciriaca Villanueva. It was built by Arch. Felix Roxas y
Arroyo in 1867. The house itself, then located along F. Hidalgo Street, was
considered to be of immense architectural significance and grandeur, and
eventually became the first location of the UP College of Fine Arts. As the home
of a Filipino painter, this house in Quiapo eventually became the first location of
the UP College of Fine Arts. Unfortunately, it is not restored at its original site.
2. Santo Domingo Church (1588) - The Santo Domingo church Also is also called
as the National Shrine of Our Lady of the Holy Rosary of La Naval de Manila.
First built in 1588, and as destroyed and renovated, currently located at Quezon
City, which is the sixth church. The fifth church was made by Architect Felix
Roxas, with the help of Isabelo Tampinco, imitating the English gothic design.
Housed in this church was the ivory image of Our Lady of the Most Holy Rosary
(Nuestra Senora del Santissimo Rosario). Carved in 1593 as a gift of Gov. Gen.
Luis Dasmarinas. Also known as Virgin of La Naval in honor of her divine
intervention in the Spanish victory against the Dutch navy. Saved from World
War II, the statue was re-enshrined in 1954 at the blessing of the sixth church in
Quezon City.
3. San Ignacio Church (1889) - San Ignacio Church stands within the boundaries
of Intramuros, the historic walled center of Manila, the capital city of the
Philippines. The church was designed by architect Felix Roxas Sr. and was
completed in 1889.
For the san Ignacio church, he imagined a new neoclassical building more in
temper to the legacy of the Jesuits. Roxas commissioned the director of the
Academia de Dibujoo y Pintura, Agustin Saez to design the altars and pulpits.
For the Pulpit, ceiling and atesonado, he commissioned Isabelo Tampingco, the
master sculptor. The church was begun in 1878 but was completed in 1889.
References:
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Crafty Historian. Retrieved January 3, 2023, from
https://jardinsolei.wordpress.com/2021/11/12/felix-rojas-y-arroyo-the-first-filipino-
architect/
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May Lyn Cruz and Judith Torres. (2021, September 22). Escolta Maestros: 6 Filipino
architects who shaped the old CBD. BluPrint. Retrieved January 3, 2023, from
https://bluprint.onemega.com/mundo-ni-maestro-escolta/
Petrovski, N. (2018, May 12). San Ignacio Church: A church with a gripping past that
was lost during the Battle of Manila - abandoned spaces. abandonedspaces. Retrieved
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church.html?chrome=1&Exc_D_LessThanPoint002_p1=1
Renacimientomanila. (2021, September 9). The enriquez mansion: A case for in-situ
restoration -. Renacimiento Manila. Retrieved January 3, 2023, from
https://renacimientomanila.org/2021/08/enriquez-mansion/
Santo Domingo Church and Convent Historical Marker. Historical Marker. (2022,
February 12). Retrieved January 3, 2023, from https://www.hmdb.org/m.asp?m=25287
Written by The Happy Trip 54, & 54, T. H. T. (n.d.). The happy trip. Retrieved January
3, 2023, from https://thehappytrip.com/2020/05/sto-domingo-church-mass-schedule-
quezon-city/