C.

Problem 5

y=log [ ( x −1 )3 ( x +2 )4 ]

Solution:

d [ ( x−1 ) ( x+ 2 ) ]
3 4 4 3
3 d ( x +2 ) 4 d ( x−1 )
=( x−1 ) ⋅ + ( x+2 ) ⋅
dx dx dx

d [ ( x−1 )3 ( x+ 2 )4 ]
=( x−1 )3 ⋅4 ( x +2 )3 + ( x +2 )4 ⋅ 3 ( x −1 )2
dx

For any given base a

d 1 du
dx
( log a u ) = log a e ; u=f ( x )
u dx

3 4
Let u = ( x−1 ) ( x+2 )

d [ ( x−1 ) ( x+2 ) ]
3 4
dy 1
= log e
dx ( x−1 ) ( x+ 2 )
3 4
dx

dy 1 3 3 4 2
= log e ( x−1 ) ⋅ 4 ( x+ 2 ) + ( x +2 ) ⋅3 ( x−1 )
dx ( x−1 ) ( x+ 2 )4
3

3 3 4 2
dy ( x−1 ) ⋅ 4 ( x+2 ) + ( x +2 ) ⋅3 ( x−1 )
=
dx 3
log e ( x−1 ) ( x +2 )
4

dy ( x−1 ) ( x+ 2 ) [ ( x−1 ) ⋅ 4 + ( x+2 ) ⋅ 3 ]

dy 4 ( x−1 )+3 ( x +2 )
=
dx log e ( x−1 ) ( x +2 )

dy 4 x−4 +3 x+6
=
dx log e ( x−1 ) ( x +2 )

dy 7 x +2
=
dx log e ( x−1 ) ( x +2 )

Problem 6

x 2 ( x +1 )
y=ln
( x +2 )3

Solution:
 [ ] [ ]
2
x ( x +1 ) d ( x +1 ) d ( x2) d ( x +2 )
3
d 3
( x +2 ) x ⋅ 2
+ ( x+1 ) − x 2 ( x +1 ) ⋅
( x +2 )3 dx dx dx
=
dx [ ( x +2 )3 ]
2

d
[ x 2 ( x +1 )
( x +2 )3 ] =
( x +2 ) [ x2 ⋅ 1+ ( x+1 )( 2 x ) ]−x 2 ( x +1 ) ⋅ 3 ( x +2 )
3 2 d ( x+2 )
dx
dx [ ( x+ 2 )3 ]
2

[ ]
2
x ( x +1 )
d
( x +2 )3 ( x +2 )3 [ x2 ⋅ 1+ ( x+1 )( 2 x ) ]−x 2 ( x +1 ) ⋅ 3 ( x +2 )2 (1)
=
dx [ ( x+2 )3 ]
2

d
[ x 2 ( x +1 )
( x +2 )3 ] =
( x +2 ) ( x 2+2 x 2+ 2 x )−3 x 2 ( x +1 ) ( x+2 )
3 2

dx [ ( x+2 )3 ]
2

d
[ x 2 ( x +1 )
( x +2 )3 ] =
( x +2 ) ( 3 x2 +2 x )−3 x 2 ( x +1 )( x +2 )
3 2

dx ( x+ 2 )
6

[ ]
2
x ( x +1 )
d
( x +2 )3 ( x +2 ) ( 3 x2 +2 x )−3 x 2 ( x +1 )( x +2 )
3 2
=
dx ( x+ 2 )
6

d
[ x 2 ( x +1 )
( x +2 )3 ] =
( x +2 )2 [ ( x+2 ) ( 3 x 2+ 2 x )−3 x 2 ( x +1 ) ]
dx ( x +2 )
6

[ ]
2
x ( x +1 )
d
( x +2 )3 ( x +2 ) ( 3 x2 +2 x )−3 x 2 ( x +1 )
=
dx ( x +2 )
4
 [ ]
2
x ( x +1 )
d
( x +2 )3 3 2
3 x +2 x +6 x + 4 x−3 x −3 x
2 3 2
=
dx ( x +2 )
4

[ ]
2
x ( x +1 )
d
( x +2 )3 3 x 3 +2 x 2 +6 x 2+ 4 x−3 x 3−3 x 2
=
dx ( x +2 )
4

d
[ x 2 ( x +1 )
( x +2 )3 ] =
2
5 x +4 x
dx ( x+2 )
4

For base = e

d 1 du
( ln u )= ⋅ ; u=f (x )
dx u dx

x2 ( x+1 )
Let u =
( x+2 )3

dy
=
1
⋅
d
[ x 2 ( x+ 1 )
( x+ 2 )3 ]
dx x 2 ( x +1 ) dx
( x +2 )3

2
dy 1 5 x +4 x
= ⋅
dx x 2 ( x +1 ) ( x +2 )4
( x +2 )3

3
dy ( x +2 ) 5 x 2+ 4 x
= ⋅
dx x 2 ( x+1 ) ( x +2 )4
 2
dy 5 x +4 x
=
dx x 2 ( x+1 ) ( x+ 2 )4

dy x ( 5 x +4 )
= 2
dx x ( x+1 ) ( x+ 2 )

dy 5x+4
=
dx x ( x+1 ) ( x+ 2 )

Problem 7

y=ln ( x +3 )4

Solution:

d [ ( x +3 ) 4 ] d [ ( x +3 )4 ] d ( x +3 )
= ⋅
dx dx dx

d [ ( x +3 ) 4 ] 3
=4 ( x +3 ) ⋅ 1
dx

d [ ( x +3 ) 4 ]
=4 ( x +3 )3
dx

For base = e

d 1 du
( ln u )= ⋅ ; u=f (x )
dx u dx

4
Let u = ( x +3 )

d [ ( x+ 3 ) ]
4
dy 1
= ∙
dx ( x +3 ) 4
dx
 dy 1
= ∙ 4 ( x +3 )3
dx ( x +3 ) 4

3
dy 4 ( x +3 )
=
dx ( x +3 ) 4

dy 4
=
dx ( x +3 )

Problem 8

y=x ( 1−ln x )
4 4

Solution:

[
4 d [ ( 1−ln x ) ]
] 4 d (x )
4 4
dy
=x + ( 1−ln x )
dx dx dx

[
d ( 1 ) d ( ln x )
] d (x )
4 4
dy
=x 4 − + ( 1−ln x 4 )
dx dx dx dx

[ ]
4
dy 1 d(x )
=x 4 0− 4 ∙ + ( 1−ln x 4 ) (4 x 3)
dx x dx

dy
dx
=x
x(
4 −1
4 )
∙ 4 x + ( 1−ln x ) (4 x )
3 4 3

( )
3
dy −4 x 3 3 4
=( x ¿¿ 4 ) +4 x −4 x ln x ¿
dx x
4

dy 3 3 3 4
=−4 x + 4 x −4 x ln x
dx
 dy
=−4 x3 ln x 4
dx

dy 3
=−4 ( 4 x ) ln x
dx

dy 3
=−16 x ln x
dx

Problem 9

y=ln ( x+ √ x +1 )
2

Solution:

d [ ( x+ √ x +1 ) ] d (x ) d ( √ x 2 +1 )
2

= +
dx dx dx

d [ ( x+ √ x 2 +1 ) ] d ( x +1 )
2
=1+
dx 2 √ x 2 +1

d [ ( x+ √ x +1 ) ]
2
2x
=1+
dx 2 √ x +1
2

d [ ( x+ √ x 2 +1 ) ] x
=1+ 2
dx √ x +1

d [ ( x+ √ x +1 ) ]
2
x
=1+ 2
dx √ x +1

d [ ( x+ √ x +1 ) ] √ x 2+1+ x
2

=
dx √ x2 +1
 For base = e

d 1 du
( ln u )= ⋅ ; u=f (x )
dx u dx

Let u = ( x + √ x 2+1 )

d [ ( x + √ x +1 ) ]
2
dy 1
= ⋅
dx ( x+ √ x 2 +1 ) dx

dy
=
1
⋅
√ x +1+ x
2

dx ( x+ √ x +1 ) √ x 2 +1
2

dy 1
= 2 ⋅ 2
√ x +1 2

dx √ x +1 √ x +1

dy √ x 2 +1
=
dx x 2 +1

Problem 10

1 2 1 2
y= x √ x +a + a ln ( x + √ x + a )
2 2 2
2 2

Solution:

1
Get the derivative of 2 x √ x + a
2 2
 ( 1
x √ x 2 + a2 ) 1
( )
[ ]
d d x
1 d ( √ x +a )
2 2
2 2
= x + √ x 2+ a2 ⋅
dx 2 dx dx

d ( 12 x √ x + a ) = 1 x d ( x +a ) + √ x +a ⋅ 1
2 2

[√ ]
2 2
2 2
dx 2 2 x +a
2 2 2

d ( 12 x √ x + a ) = 1 x
2 2

dx 2 ( 2 √ x +a
2x
2 2 ) +
1 2 2
2
√ x +a

d ( 12 x √ x + a ) =
2 2

x
2
+
√ x 2 +a2
dx 2 √ x +a 2
2 2

d ( 12 x √ x + a ) = x + x +a
2 2
2 2 2

dx 2√ x + a
2 2

d ( 12 x √ x + a ) = 2 x +a
2 2
2 2

dx 2 √ x +a
2 2

1 2
Get the derivative of 2 a ln ( x + √ x + a )
2 2

d
[ 1 2
2
a ( x+ √ x +a )
2 2

1 2
= a
d][ ln ( x+ √ x
2
+ a
2
)
[] + ln ( x+ √ x + a ) ⋅
2 2
1 2
d a
2
] ( )
dx 2 dx dx

d [ 1 2(
a x+ √ x +a )
2 2
]
(
d ( x+ √ x +a )
)
2 2
2 1 2 1
= a ⋅
dx 2 x+ √ x + a dx
2 2
 [ 1 2(
a x+ √ x 2 +a2 )]
[ )]
d
2
dx
1
= a2
2
1
x + √ x2 + a2
⋅ 1+
(d ( x 2+ a2 )
2 √ x 2 +a2

d [ 1 2(
a x+ √ x 2 +a2 )]
2
dx
1
= a2
2 [ 1
x +√ x + a
2 2
⋅ 1+
( 2x
2 √ x 2 +a2 )]
d [ 1 2
]
a ( x+ √ x 2 +a2 )
2
dx
1
= a2
2 [ 1
⋅
x + √ x 2 + a2
x + √ x2 + a2 √ x 2+ a2 ]
d
[ 1 2
2 ]
a ( x+ √ x 2 +a2 )
1 2
= a⋅ 2 2
1
dx 2 √ x +a

d
[ 1 2
2 ]
a ( x+ √ x 2 +a2 )
=
a
2

dx 2 √ x +a
2 2

dy 2 x 2+ a2 a2
= +
dx 2 √ x 2+ a2 2 √ x 2 +a2

dy 2 x 2+ 2 a2+ a2
=
dx 2√ x + a
2 2

dy 2 x 2+ 2 a2
=
dx 2 √ x 2+ a2

dy 2 ( x + a )
2 2
=
dx 2 √ x 2+ a2

dy x 2 +a2 √ x2 + a2
= ⋅
dx √ x 2 +a2 √ x2 + a2
 dy ( x +a ) ( √ x +a )
2 2 2 2
=
dx 2
x +a
2

dy
=√ x2 +a 2
dx

Problem 11

y=ln 4 ( x+ 3 )

Solution:

dy d [ ln ( x +3 ) ]
= ⋅ 4 ln 3 ( x+ 3 )
dx dx

dy 1 d ( x+ 3 ) 3
= ⋅ ⋅4 ln ( x+3 )
dx x +3 dx

dy 1 3
= ⋅ 1⋅ 4 ln ( x+ 3 )
dx x +3

dy 1 3
= ⋅ 4 ln ( x +3 )
dx x +3

3
dy 4 ln ( x +3 )
=
dx x+3

Problem 12

x a
y=x arctan − ln ( a + x )
2 2
a 2
Solution:

x
Get the derivative of x arctan a

(
[ ]
) =x d ( x arctan xa ) + x arctan x d ( x)
x
d x arctan

dx
a
dx ( a ) dx

( ) =x
[ ]
( ax ) + x arctan x
x
d x arctan d
a 1
∙ ( a)
()
dx x
2
dx
1+
a

(
d x arctan
x
) =x
( )
a 1 1 x
∙ + x arctan
dx x a
2
a
1+ 2
a

(
d x arctan
x
) =x
( )
a 1 1 x
∙ + x arctan
dx a +x
2 2
a a
2
a

(
d x arctan
x
) =x
a
( )
2
a 1 x
∙ + x arctan
dx 2
a +x
2
a a

(
d x arctan
x
a )= a x
2
+ x arctan
x
dx 3
a + ax
2
a

(
d x arctan
x
a )= a2 x
+ x arctan
x
dx a (a + x )
2 2 a
 (
d x arctan
x
a )= ax
+ x arctan
x
dx 2
a +x
2
a

a
Get the derivative of 2 ln ( a + x )
2 2

d
[ a
2
ln ( a + x )
2 2
]a d [ ln a + x ]
= ∙
( 2 2
)
+ln ( a + x ) ⋅
2 2
d()
a
2
dx 2 dx dx

d [ a
ln ( a + x )
2 2
]
2
dx
=
a 1
[
2 a2 + x 2
∙
d ( a2 + x 2 )
dx ]
d
[ a
ln ( a + x )
2 2
]
2
dx
=
a 1
[
2 a2 + x 2
∙2 x
]
d [ a
2 ]
ln ( a 2+ x 2 )
a 2x
= ⋅ 2 2
dx 2 a +x

d [ a
2 ]
ln ( a 2+ x 2 )
= 2
2 ax
dx 2 a +2 x
2

d
[ a
2 ]
ln ( a 2+ x 2 )
ax
= 2 2
dx a +x

dy ax x ax
= + x arctan − 2 2
dx a2 + x 2 a a +x

dy x
=x arctan
dx a
Problem 13

y=ln
√ a+ bx
a−bx

Solution:

a+bx
Get the derivative of a−bx

d ( a−bx
a+bx
) = ( a−bx ) ⋅ d ( a+dxbx) −( a+bx ) ⋅ d ( a−bx
dx
)

dx ( a−bx )
2

d ( a−bx
a+bx
) = x ( a−bx) + x ( a+bx )
dx ( a−bx )
2

d ( a−bx
a+bx
) = ax −b x + ax+ b x
2 2

dx ( a−bx )
2

d ( a−bx
a+bx
)= 2 ax
dx ( a−bx )
2

Get the derivative of a−bx √ a+bx

d (√ a−bx
a+bx
) = d ( a−bx
a+ bx
)
√
dx a+bx
2
a−bx
d (√ a−bx
a+bx
) = ( a−bx
2 ax
)
2

√
dx a+ bx
2
a−bx

d (√ a−bx
a+bx
)= 2 ax
∙ √
a−bx
dx ( a−bx ) 2 √ a+bx
2

d (√ a−bx
a+bx
)= ax
∙√
a−bx
dx ( a−bx ) √ a+ bx
2

d (√ a−bx
a+bx
)= ax ( √ a−bx )
dx ( a−bx )2 √ a+ bx

d (√ a−bx
a+bx
)= ax ( √ a−bx )
dx ( a−bx )2 √ a+ bx

dy
=
1
⋅
d ( √ a−bx
a+ bx
)
√
dx a+ bx dx
a−bx

dy 1 ax ( √ a−bx )
= ⋅

√
dx 2
a+ bx ( a−bx ) √ a+ bx
a−bx

dy √ a−bx ax ( √ a−bx )
= ⋅
dx √ a+bx ( a−bx )2 √ a+bx

dy ax (a−bx )
=⋅
dx ( a−bx )2 ( a+bx )
 dy ax
=⋅
dx ( a−bx ) ( a+bx )

Problem 14

y=ln ( ln sec x )

Solution:

d ( ln sec x ) 1 d ( sec x )
= ⋅
dx sec x dx

d ( ln sec x ) 1
= ⋅ sec x tan x
dx sec x

d ( ln sec x )
=tan x
dx

dy 1 d ( ln sec x )
= ⋅
dx ln sec x dx

dy 1
= ⋅tan x
dx ln sec x

dy tan x
=
dx ln sec x

Problem 15

y=ln ( 1−sin
1+sin x )
x

Solution:
d ( 1−sin x
1+sin x
=
)( 1+sin x )
d ( 1−sin x )
dx
−( 1−sin x )
d ( 1+ sin x )
dx
dx ( 1+sin x )
2

d ( 1−sin
1+sin x ) ( 1+sin x ) (−cos x )−( 1−sin x ) ( cos x )
x
=
dx ( 1+ sin x )
2

d ( 1−sin
1+sin x ) −cos x−sin x cos x −cos x+ sin x cos x
x
=
dx ( 1+sin x )
2

d ( 1−sin
1+sin x ) −2 cos x
x
=
dx ( 1+sin x )
2

dy 1 −2 cos x
= ⋅
dx 1−sin x ( 1+sin x )2
1+sin x

dy 1+ sin x −2 cos x
= ⋅
dx 1−sin x ( 1+sin x )2

dy −2cos x −2cos x sin x

dy −2cos x ( 1+ sin x )
=
dx ( 1−sin x ) ( 1+sin x )2

dy −2 cos x
=
dx ( 1−sin x ) ( 1+sin x )

dy −2cos x
=
dx 1−sin2 x

Recall:
 2 2
sin x+ cos x=1

2 2
1−sin x=cos x

dy −2cos x
=
dx cos 2 x

dy −2
=
dx cos x

dy
=−2 sec x
dx

Problem 16

sin y=ln ( x + y )

Solution:

d ( sin y ) d [ ln ( x+ y ) ]
=
dx dx

d( y) 1 d( x+ y)
cos y ⋅ = ⋅
dx x+ y dx

cos y ⋅ y '=
1
x+ y [
⋅ 1+
d( y)
dx ]
1
cos y ⋅ y '= ⋅1+ y '
x+ y
 1+ y '
cos y ⋅ y '=
x+ y

' 1 y'
cos y ⋅ y = +
x+ y x+ y

' y' 1
cos y ⋅ y − =
x+ y x + y

( x+ y ) cos y y ' − y ' 1

1
cos y y ' − y '=
x+ y

1
y ' ( cos y−1 ) =
x+ y

1
x+ y
y '=
cos y −1

1 1
y '= ⋅
x + y cos y−1

1
y '=
( x + y )( cos y−1 )